Student Notes: CATIA V5 Analysis Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 1 Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES In this lesson, you will learn how to generate different images for result visualization in GPS workbench. Lesson 4: Post-processing Duration: Approximately 0.25 days Case Study: Drill Press Table Model Post-processing Design Intent Stages in the Process Post-processing Visualization Images Sensors Report Generation Lesson content:
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In this lesson, you will learn how to generate different images for result visualization in GPS workbench.
Lesson 4: Post-processing
Duration: Approximately 0.25 days
Case Study: Drill Press Table Model Post-processingDesign IntentStages in the ProcessPost-processingVisualization ImagesSensorsReport Generation
Lesson content:
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Case Study: Drill Press Table Post-processing
GPS pre-processing
GPS Computation
GPS Post-processing
•Exercises •Exercises •Exercises
Introduction to FEA
•Exercises
Mesh Refinement
•Exercises
Assembly Structural Analysis
•Exercises
Master Project(Case Study)
The case study for this lesson is the Drill Press Table Post-processing. The focus of this case study is to create required visualization images.
Drill Press Table FE Model Drill Press Table Translational Displacement Image
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Design Intent
Drill Press Table Displacement Image
You must decide which results are required to be viewed. Based on this decision you will create the visualization images and an analysis report which will clearly summarize the results of the computation. For this case study we will:
� Find the location of maximum value of translational displacement.
� Find the location of maximum values of Principal stress distributions.
� Find the location of maximum value of Von Misesstress in FE model.
� Find the location of maximum value of local error distribution.
� Create output sensors for Energy and Global Error Rate percentage.
� Create Resultant sensor to see the reactions at restraints.
� Create Analysis Report with Images.
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Stages in the Process
This will involve the following steps to perform the case study. First, you will learn what is meant by Post-processing. Later, you will see how to use the various result visualization functionalities in the GPS workbench.
1. Understand Post-processing.2. Create Visualization Images.3. Create Extrema on created images.4. Use sensors.5. Generate analysis report.
Drill press Table Von Mises Stress Image
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Step 1: What is Post-processing
You will learn the Post-processing functionalities for result visualization in GPS workbench.
1. What is Post-processing2. Visualization Images3. Sensors4. Report Generation
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Post-processing
Computation (Solving FE Model)
Pre-processing(FE Modeling)
Post-processing(View Results)
Mesh Refinement Iterations
Create Reports
Finite Element Analysis Process
4. Make decisions for further improving the solution with mesh refinement iterations or other Solution Types.
1. Create Deformation, Displacement Magnitude, Stress, Reaction force and other available images from computed solution data.
3. Validate the results using different images and study these Images to understand and interpret the solution.
5. Validate the current design or provide the design changes based on the results.
2. Find location of the result values in FE model.
Post-processing involves all those steps which are carried out after computation of results. In this step you will :
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Step 2: Visualization Images
You will learn how to create images for different result values in GPS workbench.
Before you generate an image, make sure that the View mode is set to Custom View Modes. This needs to be set only for the first time:
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Generating Images (2/2)
CATIA provides following types of result visualization images:
Visualize the computation error maps, which represent scalar field quantities defined as the distribution of energy error norm estimates for a given computation.
Precision
Visualize the Von Mises Stress field patterns, which represent a scalar field quantity obtained from the volume distortion energydensity and used to measure the state of stress. The volume distortion energy density is often used in conjunction with the material yield stress value to check part structural integrity according to the Von Mises criterion. For a sound structural design, the maximum value of the Von Mises stress should be less than this yield value.
Von Mises Stresses
Visualize the principal stress field patterns, which represent a tensor field quantity used to measure the state of stress and to determine the load path on a loaded part.
Principal Stresses
Visualize the displacement field patterns, which represent variation of position vectors of material particles as a result of applied load.
Displacement
Visualize the finite element mesh in the deformed configuration under the applied loading condition.
Deformation
Purpose of ImageIconImage
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Generating Deformation Image (1/2)
Create Deformation Image.
1. In the Image toolbar, click the Deformationicon. The deformed mesh will be created and the Deformed Mesh.1 image will be displayed in the specification tree under Static Case Solution.1.
2. Double-click Deformed Mesh.1 image in the specification tree to open Image Editiondialogue box.
You will see how to visualize FE model deformation under an applied load:
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Part model in Custom View Mode
Default deformation image
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Generating Deformation Image (2/2)
3. Check Display nodes of elements option. 4. Slide the Shrink Coefficient button to 0.85.5. Click OK.
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You can change the display of the deformation image:
Elements with 0.85 shrink coefficient
The displacement is scaled for better visualization. You can modify the default value of the scaling factor by using the Amplification Magnitude functionality .
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Generating Displacement Image (1/3)
Create Displacement Image.
1. In the Image toolbar, click the Displacementicon. Translational displacement vector.1 image will be displayed in the specification tree under Static Case Solution.1.
2. Double-click the Translational displacement vector.1 image in the specification tree to open the Image Edition dialogue box.
You will see how to visualize the FE model Displacement image:
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Default Displacement image
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Generating Displacement Image (2/3)
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3. In Types field, select Average iso.4. In Criteria field, select Vector component.5. Click More>> button.
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You can change the display of the displacement image:
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You can visualize the displacement distribution on the component without nodes and elements, by unselecting the option Edges and points from the View Mode Customization.
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Generating Displacement Image (3/3)
6. In Component field, select C2 from dropdown. In this way, you can visualize different vector components of displacement vector.
7. Click OK.
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You can also have a combination of these components such as ‘C1 & C2’by selecting Type as ‘Symbol’
C1: x component in the current axis system.C2: y component in the current axis system.C3: z component in the current axis system.
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Generating Principal Stress Image (1/2)
1. In the Other Image toolbar, click the Principal Stress icon. The Stress principal tensor symbol.1 image will be displayed in the specification tree under Static Case Solution.1.
2. Double-click the Stress principal tensor symbol.1 image in the specification tree to open the Image Edition dialogue box.
You will see how to visualize Principal Stress image.
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Default Principal Stress image
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Generating Principal Stress Image (2/2)
You can change the display of the Principal Stress image:
3. In Types field, select Discontinuous iso.4. In Criteria field, select Principal value.5. Click OK.
Principal Stress image with ‘Discontinuous iso’ Type and ‘Principal value’ Criteria
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Additional Information (1/3)
lets you visualize the results using text.Text
lets you visualize the results using symbolsThe available symbols depend on the values to be displayed.Symbol
lets you color an element, a face of element or an edge of element according to the scalar value defined for this entity.Fringe
lets you visualize isolines at nodes of an element. Visualizing isolines at nodes of elements may induce a color discontinuity from one element to another.
Discontinuous iso
lets you visualize isolines at nodes. This visualization type uses the Material Rendering capabilities.Average iso
MeaningType
When you edit an image, you can choose from a list of image types. The list of types depend on the selected image.
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Additional Information (2/3)
For each face element, there is only one value.Face of Element
For each element, there is only one value.Element
For each edge element, there is only one value.Edge of Element
The position of the Gauss points depend on the type of element.For more details, refer to the Finite Element Reference Manual.Gauss Point Element
For each element center, there is only one value.Center of Element
For each node, there are as many values as elements linked to this node.Node of Element
Linked to the mesh nodes. For each node, there is only one value.Node
MeaningPosition
Position defines the Location for which result values are provided by solver. Position changes according to the selected type. You can choose the position for text and symbol types only.
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Additional Information (3/3)
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Node
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Edge of Element
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Face of Element
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Element
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Gauss Point of Element
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Center of Element
�Symbol
�Text
Fringe
�Discontinuous iso
Average iso
Node of Element
Position
Visu Type
The position depends on the selected Type and Criteria option in the Visu tab.
The Criteria option provides a list of visualization criteria. The list of visualization criteria depends on the physical type of the selected image and the selected Type. Modifying the criteria can change the value parameters and filter parameters.
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Generating Von Mises Stress Image
1. In the Image toolbar, click Von Mises Stressicon. Von Mises Stress (nodal values).1 image will be displayed in the specification tree under Static Case Solution.1.
2. Double-click Von Mises Stress (nodal values).1 image in the specification tree to open Image Edition dialogue box. You can change default Von Mises Stress image using various available options.
You will see how to visualize Von Mises Stress image.
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Generating Precision Image
1. In Image toolbar, click Precision icon. Estimated local error.1 image will be displayed in the specification tree under Static Case Solution.1.
2. Double-click Estimated local error.1 image in the specification tree to open Image Editiondialogue box. You can change default image using various available options.
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Estimated local error images are used to visualize computation error maps. This map provides the qualitative information about the relative distribution of the estimated computation errors.You will see how to visualize Local error distribution (Precision) image.
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Using ‘Cut Plane Analysis’ Tool
Cut Plane Analysis consists in visualizing sections of the structure to allow you to visualize results within the material.You can move or rotate the section plane using the compass which is automatically positioned on the part, with the cutting plane normal to its privileged direction.
1. Click on the Cut Plane Analysis icon. The cutting plane and the Dialog box appears.
2. Select Show cutting plane to see the complete cutting plane. If you unselect this option, you will only see boundaries of the plane.
3. Select Clipping and press Reverse direction button to reverse the direction of Clipping plane.
4. To observe the results at required location, you can move or rotate the plane by using the compass.
5. Click Close to close the dialog box.
compass
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Step 3: Sensors
You will learn how to use sensors in GPS workbench.
1. What is Post-processing2. Visualization Images
3. Sensors4. Report Generation
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Using Sensors (1/2)
A sensor is a physical output of a computation. Sensors allow you to produce specialized output that is provided as a single value, rather than a range of values displayed on the model. You can use sensor output to:
A.Validate the Analysis resultsExample: Energy, Error in Energy, Global Error Rate sensors
B.Synthesize analysis results and thus use it as parameter to improve, optimize design specifications
Example: Maximum Displacement, Maximum Von Mises, Mass sensors
Provides mass in Kg.Mass
Provides Maximum Von Mises Stress value in N/m2.Maximum Von Mises
Global
Sensor Type
Provides Maximum Displacement Magnitude in mm.Maximum Displacement
Provides Global Error Rate in %.Global Error Rate (%)
Provides Error in Energy values in J.Error in Energy
Provides Energy values in J.Energy
UseSensor
Global sensor provides an output value for the entire FE model.
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Using Sensors (2/2)
Provides Displacement Magnitude in mm.Displacement Magnitude
LocalProvides Displacement Vector in mm.Displacement Vector
Provides Maximum Von Mises Stress value in N/m2.Von Mises Stresses
Provides Energy values in J.Error
Provides Resultant Force components in N and Moment Components in Nm.ReactionResultant
Sensor Type UseSensor
A Local sensor provides an output value for a local region in the FE model. The Reaction represents the resulting force and moment at restraint and connection specifications.
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Displaying Sensor Values
1. In Main menu, select Tools > Options.2. Click on Parameters and Measure in Options
specification tree.3. Click on Knowledge Tab. 4. In Parameter Tree View, check option With value.5. Click OK.
Follow these steps to Display Sensor Values.
Before you create a sensor, and in order to display the sensor output value, check that you have set the following option.
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Creating Global Error Rate Sensor
1. Right-click Sensors.1 node in the specification tree.2. Select Create Global Sensor.3. Select Global Error Rate (%) in Global Sensors field. 4. Click OK.5. Expand Global Error Rate (%).1 node in the specification
tree.
Follow these steps to create Global Error Rate sensor.
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The Global Error Rate sensor is used as parameter to validate accuracy of solution and indicates overall accuracy of the solution. The Error in energyvalue should be in order of 10e-8. this will depend upon the judgment of Analyst.
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The total error, e (estimated precision) is the sum of the all local errors. From this, the Global Error Rate is calculated according to following formula.
Where E is the strain energy.
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Creating Reaction Sensor (1/2)
1. Right-click on Sensors.1 node in the specification tree.
A Reaction sensor reports the reaction force and moment at the constraint. You can use this information to verify that static equilibrium has been satisfied. Specifically, the Resultant reaction force at all support must be equal to the applied force.
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Creating Reaction Sensor (2/2)
4. Select Clamp.1 in Supports field. 5. Click on the Update Results button to update
Reaction Force components6. Check the value in Norm field is equal to the applied
load.7. Click OK.
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Applied LoadResultant of Applied Load
Create Reaction sensor (continued).
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Step 4: Report Generation
You will learn how to generate report using post-processing data in GPS workbench.
1. What is Post-processing2. Visualization Images3. Sensors
4. Report Generation
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Report Generation
Computation (Solving FE Model)
Pre-processing(FE Modeling)
Post-processing(View Results)
Mesh Refinement Iterations
Create Reports
Finite Element Analysis Process
To achieve required level of solution accuracy, several mesh refinement iterations may have been required. Once this has been attained you can generate reports.
In this step you will present the information generated during the following stages of the FE Analysis process:A. Pre-processing
B. Computation
C. Results Visualization
You can analyze the results with Result Management tools. These tools will help you to get more detailed information about the results, such as:
A. Maximum and minimum values for displacements, stresses and other result values
B. Error in energyC. Global error rateD. Image LayoutsE. Result Animations
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Generating Report (1/2)
Follow these steps to create the Analysis Report.1. In the Analysis Results toolbar, click
Generate Report icon. 2. Select required folder in Output directory
field. 3. In Title field write the title for the report.4. Check Add created images option. This will
add all created result visualization images in report.
5. In Choose the analysis case(s), you can choose the analysis cases to be included in report. This is applicable in the event that you have multiple analysis cases.
6. Click OK.
You will see how to create the final analysis report.
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Generating Report (2/2)
Result sensor
InformationComputation Information
Result Images
Pre-processing Information
Various report views are illustrated below:
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In the following slides you will find a summary of the topics covered in this lesson.
To Sum Up
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Post-processing involves all those steps which are carried out after computation of results. In this step you will:� Create different images like Deformation,
Displacement magnitude, Stress, Reaction force, and other available images from computed solution data.
� Find location of result values in FE model.� Validate the results using different images and
study these images to understand and interpret the solution.
� Make decisions for further improving the solution with mesh refinement iterations or other solution types.
� Validate the current design or provide the changes based on the results.
Visualization ImagesCATIA provides the different visualization images to study the results of the analysis as shown in the table.
What is Post-processing
When you edit an image, you can choose the image type. Location of the result values, provided by the solver, changes according to the selected type. You can choose the location for text and symbol types only.
To visualize the Von Mises Stress field patterns, which represent a scalar field quantity obtained from the volume distortion energy densityVon Mises
Stresses
To visualize computation error mapsPrecision
To visualize principal stress field patterns which represent a tensor field quantity used to measure the state of stress Principal Stresses
To visualize displacement field patterns which represent variation of position vectors of material particles
To visualize finite element mesh in the deformed configuration
Purpose of the image
Displacement
Deformation
Image
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Report Generation
After the required level of solution accuracy is reached, after and several mesh refinement iterations, you can generate reports.In this step of report generation, you will present the information generated during all stages of the FE Analysis process: Pre-processing, Computation, and Post-processing.
Sensors
Global sensor provides an output value for the entire FE model, while local sensor provides an output value for a local region in the FE model.
� Validate the Analysis Results� Synthesize the analysis results and use it as a
parameter to improve and optimize design specifications.
Sensor is a physical output of a computation. Sensors allow you to produce specialized output provided as a single value rather than a range of values displayed on the model.
You can use sensor output to:
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View Mode
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Main Tools (1/2)
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Image
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Customize View Parameters: lets you customize the view mode.
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Other Image
Deformation: lets you specify the finite element mesh in the deformed configuration under applied loading condition.
Displacement: lets you visualize the displacement field patterns, which represent variation of position vectors of material particles as a result of applied load.
Von Mises stress: lets you visualize the Von Mises Stress field pattern.
Principle stress: lets you visualize the principle stress field patterns which represent a tensor field quantity used to measure the state of stress and to determine the load path on loaded part.
Precision: lets you visualize the computation error maps.
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Analysis tools
Main Tools (2/2)
Cut Plane Analysis: lets you to visualize sections of the structure to allow you to visualize the results within the material.
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Generate Reports: lets you to generates report for computed solutions.
Analysis Results
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Exercise 4ARecap Exercise
15 min
In this exercise, you will create result visualization images for 1D component. Detailed instructions for this exercise are provided.
By the end of this exercise you will be able to:
� Create Deformation image
� Create Translational Displacement image
� Create Principal Stress Image
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Exercise 4A (1/4)
1. Open a Analysis Document.� Open 4A_Hollow_Shaft_1D_Start.CATAnalysis.
2. Visualize and deactivate Deformation pattern.� Create Deformation Image.
a. In Image toolbar, click Deformation icon. The deformed mesh will be displayed.
b. Right-click on the Deformed Mesh.1, select Activate/Deactivate option to deactivate the image.
Image.a. Select Type as average iso.b. Uncheck the Deform according to option
and observe the difference in image.
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Exercise 4B (2/7)
3. Display Average Minimum Principal Stress Distribution.� Create Principal Stress Tensor
Image.a. Select Type as average iso
for average values.b. Click More >> button.c. In Component field, select
C22 for minimum principal stress.
d. In Layer field, select Mid.e. Click OK.
For Stress Principal Tensors Image:In the case of 3D elements:C11: is the maximum principal stress C22: is the middle principal stressC33: is the minimum principal stressYou can also have a combination of these components (for example, C11 C22).
In the case of 2D elements:C11: is the maximum principal stressC22: is the minimum principal stress
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Exercise 4B (3/7)
4. Display Von Mises using Principal Stress Distribution Image� Modify Principal Stress Tensor
Image.a. Double-click the Stress
principal tensor component (nodal values).1 image in specification tree.
b. Change the type to Average iso in the Types field.
c. Click on Von Mises in criteria field.
d. Click More >> button.e. In Layer field, select Mid.f. Click OK.
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Exercise 4B (4/7)
5a
5. Display Local Error Distribution� Create Precision Image.
a. In Other Image toolbar, click Precision icon.
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Exercise 4B (5/7)
6. Create Sensors.� Create Energy sensor.
a. Expand Sensors.1 > Energy node in specification tree. You will get the energy value. 6a
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c
d
If this node does not display the value then:• In Main menu, select Tools > Options• Click on Parameters and Measure in
Options specification tree.• Click on Knowledge Tab. • In Parameter Tree View, check option
With value.• Click OK.
The energy value calculated is the total strain energy of the model.
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Exercise 4B (6/7)
6. Create Sensors (continued)� Create global Error Rate sensor.
b. In Sensors.1 contextual menu, click Create Global Sensor.
c. Select Global Error Rate (%) in the Create Sensor dialogue box.
d. Click OK. e. Expand the new node Global Error
Rate (%).2 which get added in Sensors.1 node in specification tree. You will get Global Error Rate value.
6b
6c
6d
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Exercise 4B (7/7)
7. Visualize Animation.� Animate the displacement image.
a. Deactivate Estimated local error.1 image.b. Activate the Translational displacement
magnitude.1 image.c. In Analysis Tools toolbar, click Animate
icon.d. In Steps number, select 20 from dropdown.e. Adjust the Speed button as shown.
7c
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Exercise 4B: Recap
� Create Translational Displacement image.
� Create Principal Stress Image.
� Create Von Mises Stress Image.
� Create Precision Image.
� Create Energy and Global error Rate sensor
� Animate the displacement Image
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Exercise 4CRecap Exercise
15 min
In this exercise, you will create result visualization images for 3D component. Detailed instructions for new topics are provided for this exercise.
By the end of this exercise you will be able to:
� Create Translational Displacement image
� Create Von Mises Stress Image
� Create Precision Image
� Create Global error Rate sensor
� Use Cut Plane Analysis
� Find Image Extrema
� Display Image Information
� Generate Report
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Exercise 4C (1/7)
1. Open a Analysis Document.� Open 4C_Hollow_Shaft_3D_Start.CATAnalysis.
3. Display Von Mises Stress Distribution.� Create Von Mises stress Image.
a. In Image toolbar, click Von Mises Stress icon.
3a
2a
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Exercise 4C (2/7)
4a
4. Display Local Error Distribution.� Create Precision Image.
a. In Other Image toolbar, click Precision icon.
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Exercise 4C (3/7)
5. Create Sensors.� Create Global Error Rate sensor.� Create Maximum Displacement sensor.� Create Maximum Von Mises sensor.
5b
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Exercise 4C (4/7)
6. Cut Plane Analysis.� Use cut plane analysis to view inside details of
FE model.a. Activate the Von Mises stress image and
deactivate other images.b. In Analysis Tools toolbar, click Cut Plane
analysis icon. It will display a cut plane with compass. You can use compass to orient the cut plane.
c. Use the options shown in Cut Plane Analysisdialogue box.
d. Orient the cut plane perpendicular to length of hollow shaft using mouse and compass. You can view the Von Mises stress distribution along the cross section of hollow shaft.
6b
Cut plane
compass
Cross section of FE model at cut plane
6d
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Exercise 4C (5/7)
7. Find Maximum Von Mises stress value and location.� Find Image extrema for Von Mises stress.
a. Activate the Von Mises stress image and deactivate other images.
b. In Analysis Tools toolbar, click Image Extremaicon.
c. Check the Global option.d. In Maximum extrema at most field, enter 1.e. Click OK.
7b
Image Extrema for Von Mises Stress showing maximum stress value and location in FE model
Maximum Von Mises stress location
7c
7d
7e
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Exercise 4C (6/7)
8. Display Image information.� Find Image Information for Von Mises stress.
a. Activate the Von Mises stress image and deactivate other images.
b. In Analysis Tools toolbar, click Information icon. c. Click the Von Mises Stress (nodal values).1
option. You will get Information dialogue box.
8b
8c
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Exercise 4C (7/7)
9. Create Analysis Report.� Generate Report for Analysis Case.
a. In Analysis Results toolbar, click Generate Report icon.
b. Select the desired folder in the Output directoryfield.
c. In Title field write the title for the report.d. Check Add created images option. This will add
all created result visualization images in report.e. In Choose the analysis cases(s), you can
choose the analysis cases to be included in report. This is applicable in case you have multiple analysis cases.
f. Click OK.
9a
9b9c
9d
9e
9f
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Exercise 4C: Recap
� Create Translational Displacement image.
� Create Von Mises Stress Image.
� Create Precision Image.
� Create Global error Rate sensor.
� Use Cut Plane Analysis.
� Find Image Extrema.
� Display Image Information.
� Generate Report.
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Case Study: Drill Press Table Post-processing
Recap Exercise
30 min
You will practice what you learned, by completing the case study model. In this exercise, you will post process FE model for Drill Press Table.Recall the design intent of this model:
� Create required Visualization Images.
� Create Extrema on created images.
� Create sensors.
� Generate analysis report.
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Case Study: Introduction
The case study for this lesson is the Drill Press Table FE model post-processing. The focus of this case study is to post-process the computed data as per requirement. You will perform the following steps in order to achieve this.
1. Create required Visualization Images.2. Create Extrema on created images.3. Create sensors.4. Generate analysis report.
� You will create Translational Displacement Magnitude plot. You will find the magnitude of maximum average displacement. Also find the location of maximum value of translational displacement. Also observe the Z-direction component image for translational displacement.
� Create Translational Displacement Magnitude image and create Global Extrema for this image.
� Create Translational Displacement Component with Z-direction component image and create Global Extrema for this image.
� You will create plots for Maximum Principal stress and Minimum Principal stress distribution with discontinuous isoand find out the location of maximum values.
� Create Principle Stress image with Maximum Principal Stress component and create Global Extrema for this image.
� Create Principal Stress image with Minimum Principal Stress component and create Global Extrema for this image.
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Design Intent (2/2)
� You will create Von Mises stress distribution plot and its location of maximum value in FE model.
� Create Von Mises stress image and create Global Extrema for this image.
� You will create Local error distribution and its location of maximum value.
� Create Precision image and create Global Extrema for this image.
� You will create output sensors for Error in Energy, Global Error Rate percentage.
� You will create Resultant sensor to know reactions at restraints.
� Create Resultant sensor in reaction sensor.
� You will create Analysis Report with Images.
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Do It Yourself
1. Open Drill_Press_Table_Post_Processing_Start. CATAnalysis.
2. Create required Visualization Images.
3. Create Extrema on created images.
4. Create sensors.
5. Generate analysis report.
Drill press Table Von Mises Stress Image
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� Create required Visualization Images.
� Create Extrema on created images.
� Create sensors.
� Generate analysis report.
Case Study: Drill Press Table Post-processing Recap