Year of tree resource survey: 2012
Year of report publication : 2013
Coordinator: Dr H. S. Singh, Additional Principal Chief Conservator Social Forestry, Gujarat State Gandhinagar
Field coordination, survey and: Mr. B. V. Vaghela , IFS, tree enumeration Conservator of Forest, Social Forestry, Mehsana Mr. G. Raman Murthy, IFS Dy Conservator of Forests, Social Forestry, Mehsana Field staff - ACFs, RFOs, Foresters and Forest Guards in Social Forestry Division, Mehsana
Fodder and wood consumption Mr G. Raman Murthy, IFSand wood balance study Dy Conservator of Forests, Social Forestry, Mehsana Mr B. N. Patel, Dy CF (Retired)
Authors: Dr. H. S. Singh, IFS, APCCF, Social Forestry Mr. B. V. Vaghela , IFS, CF, Social Forestry Mr. G. Raman Murthy, IFS, Dy CF, Social Forestry
Data compilation, entry and analysis: Mr. M. B. Gamit, Statistical Officer
Publication: Social Forestry Division, Mehsana
Photo: Dr H. S. Singh, IFS
Tree Resource(Tree Cover)
in
Mehsana District
(Tree enumeration and tree resource survey outside forest in Mehsana district)
Year 2013
Gujarat Forest Department
Summary 11. Background information 42. Data about Mehsana district 93. Social Forestry in Mehsana 104. Tree counting 2012 12 4.1 Methods 12 4.2 Results 13 4.2.1 The main findings 13 4.2.2 Tree and forest cover 16 4.2.3 Taluka - wise status of tree cover 17 4.2.4 Distribution of trees in girth classes 23 4.2.5 General observations and findings 245. Wood production and consumption 246. Economy of Trees Outside Forest (TOF) 277. Proposed Action Plan 28
Annexure-I: 37Assessment of value of fodder and fuel-wood extracted through lopping of Neem trees
Annexure II: 41Study on Consumption and production of Firewood
Annexure III: 43Timber consumption, production and timber industries
Annexure IV: 44Annual economic contribution of tooth brushing stick of Neem and Deshi babool
Annexure V: 44 Carbon store in Tree Cover
Annexure VI: 45 Taluka wise abstract - Non forest Rural area
Annexure VII: 46 Species wise and Girth-wise trees in Urban areas
Annexure VIII: 52 Species wise and Girth-wise trees in Rural areas
Annexure IX: 58 Species wise trees of Mehsana district in Rural & Urban areas
Annexure X: 65 Girth - wise Neem Trees of Mehsana Urban and Rural Area
References 66
About the report
Third tree resource survey and population estimation of trees growing outside forest (TOF) was initiated and completed in seven districts during the financial year 2012-13. The counting in the rest of the districts may be completed in the year 2013 to publish the third report in time. In this survey (tree census), the sample size has been increased to bring accuracy. Total tree counting in all urban areas in Gujarat was completed and its report has been published in 2011. In third tree census report, it has been planned to carry out trees population estimation for rural and urban areas separately.
It has also been planned to prepare status report on tree resources for each district. As a part of model exercise, the Addl. PCCF, Social Forestry coordinated tree survey in Mehsana district. He conducted field study along with the CF, Mehsana, Dy CF Mehsana and their staff as a part of training for forest resource and wood balance study so that the teams conduct survey properly. Resource persons were also employed to conduct wood balance study in a planned manner. After total tree counting in 35 sample villages, and wood balance and forest resource survey, this model report has been prepared. The report provides status of trees for each taluka in the district. Aim of preparing the first district report of its kind is to guide CCF/CFs in Social Forestry Circles and Dy CFs in Social Forestry Divisions to prepare similar report for the respective district after completion of the field survey in 2013.
CONTENTS
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Mehsana district falls in the semi-arid region in Gujarat State in the western part of India. There are 604 villages and seven Nagar-paliakas in the district, which cover a total area of 439,276 Ha. The Gazetteer of India, Mehsana district (1975) indicates that tree cover was poor three to four decades ago. Social forestry activities started in Mehsana district in 1970s, and Social Forestry Wing of Gujarat Forest Department has afforested a total of 36,605 ha area along roads, railways, Panchayat lands, wastelands and farm lands during the last four decades (1970-2012), a total of 36,605 ha area (Panchayat and wasteland, farm lands and other such lands) were afforested by the Forest Department. Additionally, about 25 crore seedlings were supplied to farmers, institutions and industries under Van Mahotsav. This has resulted into tremendous expansion of tree cover in the district.
First tree counting in the district was done in 2003-04 (Report, 2004). In the second tree counting in 2007-08 (Report 2009), the tree population in the non-forest area had increased. Although tree loss occurred due to road widening, over all tree cover and tree density has continued increasing.
In third tree counting in 2012, a total of 35 villages were identified in nine talukas, covering all categories of villages distributed across the landscape. These villages cover about 22,546 ha of non-forest areas. Total tree counting was done in these selected villages in three categories of lands. Total tree counting in urban area has already been done in the urban areas in 2011. The main findings of tree estimates in Mehsana district have been given in this section.
(i) Increasing tree cover: Tree cover has been increasing consistently in all talukas of Mehsana district and it has further increased to 236.35 lakh in 2012 at annual rate of 2.49 lakh trees. In 2012, the average tree density was 54.7 trees/ha in the district. Status of tree cover in the last three tree censuses has been given below.
Tree cover in the non-forest areas in Mehsana district
Year Tree population in Lakh
Tree density/ha
2004 213.90 49.62009 223.47 51.82012 236.35 54.7
(ii) Trees on form-lands: About 67.88 % trees in Mehsana district grows on farmlands. This also includes fruit bearing trees in the orchards. Thus, agro-forestry is most important component of the social forestry.
(iii) Trees in departmental plantations: Only about 4.54 % of total trees in the district were growing in the forest department plantations in panchayat and waste lands, along roads, canals and railway sides.
(iv) Scattered trees: The rest of 27.58 % of trees were estimated in human habitation, along ponds, in institutional, school compounds, government’s premise and scattered trees on other lands.
(v) Main trees: Neem dominates in the district as it constitutes over one fourth of total tree population in the district. The top ten dominant trees and their populations have been given in a table.
SUMMARY
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(vi) Exotic species: Tree population of exotic species such as Prosopis chilensis, A. tortalis had increased in 1980s and 1990s. Subsequently, these species were discouraged in plantations and their some of the old plantations were also harvested. In this tree estimation, population of these two species declined whereas number of Ardusa - Ailanthus excelsa has increased and its number may further improve due to its economic value and preference of farmers in agro-forestry.
(vii) Tree population in rural and urban areas: Tree population in rural and urban areas were estimated separately and given in the table below.
(viii) Trees in urban area: Tree density in the urban area is very poor as only 1,09,50 trees were counted in the urban areas in 2011 with tree density of about 7.8 trees/ha against 56.1 % in the rural areas.
Tree Population in the Non-forest Area in Mehsana DistrictNo
Taluka
Urban Non Forest Area Rural Non Forest Area TotalNo. of trees
Tree density Tree/Ha
No of trees in lakh
Tree density Tree/Ha
No of trees in lakh
Tree density Tree/Ha
1 Mehsana 42,400 13.2 51.39 64.2 51.81 62.22 Vijapur 5,500 15.8 30.98 55.3 31.04 55.13 Vadnagar 24,600 5.7 12.61 46.8 12.85 41.24 Becharaji O 0 16.67 41.7 16.67 41.75 Visnagar 11,200 14.2 27.71 58.1 27.82 57.46 Kadi 9,800 6.6 41.46 50.8 41.56 50.07 Kheralu 6,400 18.4 25.91 78.3 25.97 77.78 Satlasan 0 0 16.00 65.2 16.00 65.29 Unjha 9,600 2.7 12.53 44.4 12.63 39.7
TOTAL 109,600 7.8 235.26 56.3 236.36 54.7
Note: Becharaji and Satlasan do not have Nagarpalika status
Top 10 tree species of Mehsana DistrictName of Species No. of Tree
In lakh%
1. Limdo/Neem - Azadirachta indica
63.66 26.9
2. Gando Baval - Prosopis chilensis
25.90 10.9
3. Ardusa - Ailenthus excelsa 24.47 10.44. Deshi baval / Babool -
Acacia nilotica19.63 8.3
5. Khijado / Sami - Prosopis cineraria
16.31 6.9
6. Kanji - Holeptelia integrifolia 13.76 5.87. Bordi/Ber - Zizyphus
mauritiana10.39 4.4
8. Israel baval - A. tortalis 9.87 4.29. Limboo/Limboo - Citrus
aurantium7.32 3.1
10. Piloo-Mitha - Salvadora oleoides
3.91 1.7
11. Others 41.12 17.4 Total 236.36 100.0
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ha area (Panchayat and waste land, private lands (agro-forestry) and other such lands) were afforested by the Social Forestry Division, Mehsana from 1970 to 2013. Additionally, about 25 crore seedlings were supplied to farmers, institutions and industries under Van Mahotsav during the period. This has tremendous impact in tree cover, as tree cover improved consistently during the last three decades.
(xii) It is guestimated that about 13.0 lakh trees are cut annually, including natural loss of trees in Mehsana district, to produce timber, poles and fuel-wood as estimated in this study.
(xiii) Carbon store: Total Carbon store in tree cover outside forest has been estimated about 48.93 lakh Carbon tones and annual Carbon sequestration rate may be atleast 1.86 lakh Carbon tones. These figures do not include Carbon in soil in land surface under tree canopy. After substracting leakage (harvesting of wood), the net annual addition of carbon in the tree cover in Mehsana district may be estimated about 0.52 lakh Carbon tones.
There is great scope for further improvement of tree cover by about 15 to 20 % under intensive social forestry activities in the next decade. If tree population increases to about 280 lakh in ten years, it may have tremendous positive impact on rural ecology and economy. If this target is achieved, the timber production and fuel-wood production may reach to the level of over 3.0 lakh cmt and about 7.5 lakh tones, respectively. The fooder yield may also go up in same proportion.
(ix) Tree and forest cover: Tree cover in the district has been estimated about 68,908 ha which is equivalent to 15.7 % of the geographical area of the district. The tree and forest cover in the district may be about 74,900 ha which is equivalent to about 17.1 % of the geographical area of the district.
(x) Contribution of trees in rural economy: Contribution of trees in term of timber, firewood, fodder and tooth cleaning sticks has been studied and found that the trees in social forestry areas have substantial contribution to the rural economy. The value of annual contribution of trees growing in Mehsana district should be at least the amount mentioned below.
Items Quantity Value (Rs crore)
Timber (small and large) and poles
2.72 lakh cubic meter
308.42
Fire-wood 5.593 lakh tones 167.79Green fodder (only Neem leaves)
2.851 lakh tones 42.76
Tooth stick or Dantan 17.42 crores sticks 8.59Total 527.56
Contribution of Rs. 527.56 crore is a conservative assessment, as many produces (NTFP) have not been accounted in this study. Fodder of Neem trees have been studies separately whereas people use other species such as Khijado, Deshi baval, Ardusa, Bordi for fodder. Annual quantity of leaves of fodder tree species consumed by 87,640 goats and 5,760 camels are also not accounted. Use of firewood for miscellaneous purposes in rural and urban areas is also missed in this study.
(xi) Social Forestry and its impact on rural ecology and economy: A total of 36,605
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Mehsana is bounded by the north and the north-west by the Banaskantha district, in the west by the Patan, Surendranagar and Ahmedabad districts and south by the Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar districts. The river Sabarmati between Mehsana and Sabarkantha is the eastern boundary. After re-organisation of districts and talukas, a new district-Patan was created. As a result, Patan, Chanasma, Harji, Sami and Sidhpur talukas were transferred to the new Patan District. The Mehsana, Kadi, Kalol, Visnagar, Vijapur and Kheralu talukas were reorganised by creating a few more talukas. The present Mehsana district covers nine talukas.
1. Background information
1.1 Introduction
Mehsana district is located in the northern part of Gujarat State where rainfall is low and erratic. Head Quarter of the district is Mehsana city which was founded by the Mahesaji or Masaji Chavada in the 12th or 13th century. In the past, most of the area of present Mehsana district was a part of Kadi Prant. In the former Baroda regime, the headquarters of the Kadi Prant were transferred to Mehsana in 1902 but the name of Prant continued to be Kadi till May 1931, when the Prant came to re-designated as Mehsana.
Tree Resource Mehsana District, Gujarat State
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A small portion, adjoining Banaskantha and Sabarkantha districts in the north-eastern corner, exposes hard rock of the Precambrian group, belonging to Ajabgadh series of Delhi system. Some areas in the district are known for oil and natural gas production where ONGC extract it on commercial basis.
1.3 Drainage: River systemThe entire area is drained by the Sabarmati and the Rupen. The river Sabarmati flowing on the boundary of the district is the third largest river in the state after Narmada and Tapi. It originates from the Arawallis in Rajasthan, and in its course of about 300 km, flows through Kheralu (Satlasan), Vijapur, and Kalol talukas. The river flows 90 km in Mehsana district and then enters in Gandhinagar district.
The river Rupen rises from the western side of the Taranga hill in Satlasan taluka and flows through Satlasan, Kheralu, Visnagar and Mehsana taluka before entering in the Patan district. These are two main rivers in the district but none of them is navigable. Sabarmati was perennial river in the past but turned seasonal after construction of Dharohi dam.
The information about the rivers of the district are summarised as follow
Name of river Name of taluka through which it
passes
Total length of the course of
the river
Sabarmati Satalasan, Kheralu, Vadnagar, Vijapur
About 90 km.
Rupen Kheralu, Vadnagar, Mehsana, Becharji
About 110 km.
Pushpawati - Tributary of Rupen (North of Rupen)
Kheralu, Unjha, Mehsana, Becharaji
About 70 km
Tributary of Rupen (South of Rupen)
Vadnagar, Visnagar, Mehsana and Becharaji
About 60 km
1.2 Physical feature and geology
Mehsana district presents somewhat uniform aspect, except hilly track in Satalasan taluka (earlier part of Kheralu taluka). The eastern portion of the district is rich in vegetation but the westwards it passes into salt and sandy waste with low tree density. In the western part of the district, the area becomes very monotonous. Sandy and loamy soil dominates in major part of Mehsana. The only redeeming feature which diversify the general flat surface of the country and the monotonous surface of the various parts of the district are hillocks and ridges of blown sandy loam which rise on average not more than 15 to 20 m. These hillocks are also modified with expansion of agriculture, human settlements and industries.
Taranga hill is situated in the Kheralu, now Satalasan taluka of the district. The highest hill is approximately 366 m above mean sea level. The hill seems to have taken name Taranga from the shrine dedicated to Taranga Mata on the hill. There are several Jain temples on the hills. The main shrine of Shri Ajitnathji was built in the 12th century during the regime of Kumarpal of Anhilwad. The grand temple, containing the gigantic shrine carved out of marvellous white marble along with shrines of other Tirthankars, is a place of pilgrimage for the Jains. The notable feature of the temple is that the wood used in the huge door is known to be never be burnt by fire as the wood smears water out proportion to the gravity of fire. This is people’s belief which need authentication. Gujarat Forest Department has established Tirthankar Van - a Sanskritic Van near the site.
Mehsana district is mainly covered with recent formation. At very few places, rocks are exposed and they are grouped into Idar granites, Himmatnagar series and laterites. This district is mostly covered by thick alluvium.
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The Sun Temple of Modhera: The temple was built by Bhimdev (1022 to 1063 AD) of the kings of the Solanki dynasty. In ancient times Modhera was a place of pilgrimage for the sun worshipers and the place of origin of the “Modh” Brahmins. Out of the two famous Sun Temples of India, one is at Modhera. The temple has been attacked several by Mahumud Gaznavi, indicating its importance at that time.
Taranga Jain Temple, Taranga: Taranga is famous for the Jain temple and it is important religious site for the Jains. This temple was constructed by Kumar Pal. Ajit Nath temple is most important at the site. The Taranga hill, height 244 m, is at bank of Sabarmati. Near the temple, the Forest Department has established Tithankar Van for tourists.
Mira Datar, Unava: Mira datar is a holy spot for Muslims. It is situated at Unava village on the banks of the Pushpawati river in Mehsana district. People of other religions also come here to offer “Chadar” and the Dargah and to fulfil their desire
The temple of Goddess Umiya, Unjha: This famous temple of Goddess Umiya is situated at Unjha which is the main business center of North Gujarat. Goddess Umiya is the Kuldevi of the Kadwa Patidar community. Various facilities are provided by the hosts to the pilgrims as well as other people.
Kirti Stumbh: Vadnagar Toran or Kirti Stumbh near Sharmishtha pond, was constructed by Solanki king to honour their victory in the north-west. This victory tower gate was constructed during the 10th century AD. People believe that there was big structures and establishment at or near the site. Kirti Stumbh is normally used as cultural greatness of Gujarat.
1.4 Climate
Mehsana falls in semi-arid region as the tropic of cancer passes through the district. The rainfall is also very less, varying from 600 mm to 700 mm and the district has extreme climate. The average rainfall in the district is about 642 mm. About 96 % of the annual rainfall in the district is received during the south-west monsoon (months-June to September). It is very hot in summer and very cold in winter, and general dryness prevails in the major part of the year.
The mean daily maximum temperature in May is about 42oC and the mean daily minimum is about 26oC. Extreme temperature reaches to 47oC. January is the coldest month and minimum temperature drop to about 11oC in this month. Humidity is high in monsoon with above 70 per cent and drop to below 30 per cent in early summer. Dusty wind from the Rann and also from arid region in north is common but tree cover moderates its impact. The district supports less dense forests but scrub type and thorn forests exist in the hills in Arasuri mountain ranges in Satlasan Taluka near Dharohi. Sloth bear, leopard and hyena reside in these hills.
1.5 Historical/cultural sites and noteworthy and important places
Temple of Goddess Bahuchar at Becharaji: This place is situated in the Chuval region of North Gujarat and is famous due to the temple of Goddess Bahuchar. The temple of Bahucharaji is a “Shakti Peeth” of Gujarat. A Gadi of eunuchs has been established at Bahucharaji. The temple was built by the Maratha King Shrimat Gayakwad. A fair is held on the full moon day of “Chaitra” month and the full moon day of “Aashadti” month.
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recreational purposes. The park support dense canopy of avenue trees.
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited: The ONGC has establishment in Mehsana and has created a big asset. There are total 28 production areas covering total 6,000 ha. There are 1,311 oil wells and 16 gas production wells which produce 5,800 tones every year.
Other cultural and religious sites in the district are - Simandhar Jain temple (Mehsana), Aithor Ganpati temple in Unjha taluka, Jaleshwar Mahadev, Harihar Lalji temple, Neelkantha Mahadev in Visnagar taluka; Hatkeshwar Mahadev in Vadnagar.
1.6 Rural Areas in Mehsana
Out of 604 villages in the district, ten villages do not have human settlement at present. Each of 550 villages have Panchayat. There are 43 Joint Panchayat or Group Panchayat. Thus, there are 593 village Panchayats in the district.
Nine irrigation ponds in the district are under district Panchayat (Panchayat Irrigation Dept.). There are 247 ponds which are managed by the village Panchayat. There are 73 water check dams (reservoir ) with capacity of a good quantity of water, irrigating about 3,250 ha. As per the situation in 2010-11, about 265,260 ha area is under irrigation in the district. Situation is changing and may change after adequate supply of Narmada canal water.
1.7 LivestockBuffalo breed of Mehsana district are famous in the country for milk production. Mehsani buffalo is bred in the district and supplied to other state. Cow and buffalo are the main livestock and constitute about 90 % of total livestock in the district. The dependency of livestock on tree fodder is high.
The Tanariri temple of Vadnagar: This is a historical Samadhi temple of Hindu religion situated at Vadnagar. It is an important historical fact. Tana and Riri were two sisters born to Sharmishtha, daughter of Kuowarba, who was the daughter of Narsinh Mehta, a devotee of Lord Krishna. These sisters had memorized raga malhar when the great music maestro Tansen sang the Deepak raga in Akbar’s court. This causes fire on body. Tana and Riri Sang the Malhar raga to extinguish them. When this news reached emperor Akbar’s court, he ordered them to come to Delhi but these sisters sacrificed their lives to protect their honour. This temple was built in their memory.
Dudhsagar Dairy Mehsana: This Dairy was established in the year 1964 on co-operative basis and it has enabled Mehsana to be named as “Milk City”. The dairy has capacity to procure more than 75 lakh litres milk per day. This dairy produces skimmed milk powder while milk food powder butter, ghee and other milk product. The dairy has made an important contribution in improving the financial conditions of the farmers of Mehsana district.
Dharohi Dam, Dharohi, Satlasan Taluka: Construction of Dharohi dam across Sabarmati was completed in 1973. This project provides water to half of North Gujarat. It is situated at Dharohi village which is blessed with Natural Beauty. The project has given a reputation to Satlasan taluka. At Vav village, eight kilometers away, pure drinking water is supplied to the people from there.
Shanku Water Park: Shanku water park in Mehsana district is first such water park in Gujarat and perhaps in India also. To attract tourists, water sports and entertainment activities have been added in this park. A large number of people visit this park for
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in the district but descriptions in the Gazetteer indicate that the tree cover was poor in the past which is also ascertained by the elders in the villages. During this study, the villagers mentioned unanimously that the number of trees increased several times in the villages during the last three to four decades.
Some of exotic species were absent in the district before Independence. Prosopis was introduced in Gujarat about 110 years ago and it was almost absent or had poor presence four decade ago in the district. This aggressive species invaded the region and has colonised wastelands and rivers & streams. As a result, it has become dominant species in the area. Acacia tortalis, an exotic species, was absent in the area but was introduced in the early 1980s. Subsequently, large scale plantation was done in 1980s and 1990s. Survival per cent of this none grazeable species is high. The presence of this species increased in 1990s but subsequently declined due to harvesting of plantations and discouraging this species in plantation. Ailanthus excelsa - ardusa was rare before start of social forestry plantation. Due to its fast growth, and preference in packing and timber industries, farmers preferred plantation of this species. As a result, number of this species is increasing consistently. Number of Rayan tree is declining due to absence of natural and artificial regeneration. Neem and Deshi baval continue to dominate the area due to their strong economy and ecological suitability to the area. The three species - Prosopis, Ailanthus excelsa and A. tortalis-Israel baval were absent or had poor population (below one per cent) before start of social forestry activities. Subsequently, their number increased and now they form almost one quarter of total tree population in the district.
Livestock population in the districtLivestock Population in lakh
Cattle (Cow and bull) 2,57,080Buffalo 6,92,560Sheep 14,750Goat 87,640Camel 5,760Other 3,940Total 10,61,720
1.8 Status of trees in the past
In the absence of information, it is difficult to describe tree cover in Mehsana district in the past but some description about trees in the district in 1970s has been mentioned in the Gazetteer of India, Mehsana district (1975). Most of the talukas like Mehsana, Kadi in the district were sparsely wooded and trees were found near the village sites. The area around Unjha was somewhat thin of trees while the tracts around Sidhpur were fairly well-wooded. Vijapur also had a reasonably good tree cover. Although the western part of the Mehsana had very poor tree cover in 1970s, a better part of the western Mehsana had sparse cover of Rayan, Mahuda, Mango and Jamun. It appears that these descriptions were related to trees in Panchayat and wastelands.
Social forestry activities started in Mehsana district in 1970s. Farmers realised importance of trees and they started planting along farm boundaries. Social Forestry Wing of Gujarat Forest Department has taken up plantations along roads, railways, Panchayat lands and wastelands in big way. Agro-forestry plantations were also done by the department in a large scale. As a result, tree cover improved consistently. In the absence of data of tree cover before 2003, it is difficult to make any statement about the extent of trees
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2. Data about Mehsana district
Basic information about the district has been summerised and has been given in tabular form.
Abstract: Information about Mehsana district
1. Area of district (Ha) 439,276 Ha 2. Location 23.150 to 23.530 N. Latitude
72.070 to 72.260 E. Longitude3. Climate Average rainfall : 642 mm
Maximum temperature in Summer: 42 0CMinimum temperature in summer: 18 0CMaximum temperature in winter: 32 0CMinimum temperature: 8 0C.
4. Rivers Sabarmati, Rupen, Saraswati, Pushpawati and Khari5. Number of talukas 96. Number of Nagar-palika 77. Number of Gram Panchayat 5938. Number of villages 6049. Population of the district 18,37,890 in 2001 which increased to 20,27,707 in 2011
(2011 census data but yet to be officially published) Population in 2011Rural population 15,13,656Urban population 5,14,071
10. Forests in the districtForest area Forest cover (FSI 2011)
7,175 ha21,400 ha (including thickets of Prosopis outside forest)
11. Agricultural land 368,371 ha12. Irrigated agricultural land 181,698 ha13. Grazing lands 32,347 ha14. Urban areas (ha) 13,990 ha15. Non-forest area of the district
(1-10.1) (ha)432,101 ha
First tree counting in the district was done in 2003-04 and report was published in 2004. In 2004, tree population was 213.90 lakh in district with tree density of 49.6 trees/ha. In the second tree counting in 2009, the tree population in the
non-forest area was increased to 223.47 lakh and tree density to 51.8 trees/ha. Although tree loss has been observed due to road widening, over all tree cover and tree density continued increasing.
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Table-1: Plantation and seedling distribution in different period in Mehsana
Period Plantation Area(ha.) Seedling distribution(lakh)Private land Gauchar land Other Total Raised Distribution
1972-1980 0 1,263 791 2054 0 01981-1990 913 3,164 3,418 7495 870.73 870.731991-2000 6,904 3,370 4,551 14825 905.70 860.382001-2010 7,915 728 1,691 10334 635.51 582.742011-2013 1,303 317 277 1897 193.23 184.69TOTAL 17,035 8,842 10,728 36,605 2605.17 2498.54
3. Social Forestry in Mehsana
Social Forestry in Mehsana district was initiated in 1972 with plantation of an area covering 48 ha. Before start of Community Forestry Project, financed by the World Bank in 1980, the social forestry division had already afforested about 2,054 ha of the land. The Social Forestry
16. Tree population (2012)Trees in farm lands 164,64,680 (67.88%)Trees in Forest Department plantation / wastelands /panchayat lands
11,00,950 (4.54 %)
Trees in human habitation, ponds, compounds and misc. lands
66,91,030 (27.58 %)
Total number of tree in non-forest areas 236,35,500 (100.00 %)
17. Tree density (Trees/ha) 54.7 trees/ha18. Average tree density in state 16.2 trees/ha19. Tree per person 11.6 trees/person20. Growing stock
(wood above 20 cm diameter)103.5 lakh cubic meter
21. Length of railway line 20 km22. Length of roads 2,424 kms23. Canal: Length of Narmada canal
Length of Narmada Branch canal 15.3 Length of other Narmada canal
46.2 kms120.0 kms151.3 kms
24. River Length of Sabarmati river Length of Rupen river Length of Ruen’s tributary
90 km110 km60 km
under the World Bank had intensified tree plantation activities, including supply of seedlings. Details of achievements of the plantation and supply of Van Mahotsav seedlings have been given in Table-2.
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Above Table reveals that a total of 36,605 ha area (Panchayat and wasteland, private lands (agro-forestry) and other such lands) were afforested. Additionally, over 26 crore seedlings were supplied to farmers, institutions and industries under Van Mahotsav. This implies that, on an average, the Forest Department had planted about 1000 ha area per year during the last three decades and distributed about 75 lakh seedlings annually. Three externally aided projects were implemented to increase tree cover in the state. The social forestry has tremendous impact on tree cover and availability of tree resources. Although majority of the old plantations have been harvested but continuous and consistent affords of the Forest Department has changed the landscape of the district. During tree resource survey and discussion with elders in villages, it has been found that tree cover has improved many folds. Despite cutting or loss of a large number of trees to produce timber and fuel wood, and also to facilitate development, net tree population increasing at annual rate of about 2.5 lakh trees.
Although some people have planted trees themselves without support of the Forest Department, the major contribution in tree plantation had come from the Forest Department. As community lands, other common lands and wastelands are not available to maintain the pace of plantation, it is necessary to shift focus on private lands (agro-forestry), institutional lands , ponds and river banks. Plantation of about 1000 ha by the Forest Department and supply of about one crore high quality seedlings in may help to maintain the increasing pace of the tree cover in the district.
Poor people regularly collect fuel wood from dead trees/branches from social forestry plantations. Protection by the Panchayat is not adequate in majority of the villages. The biomass in term of small firewood, fodder, gums and fruits continue to flow and poor sections of the society get benefits from plantations. Some of the village forests have been harvested and revenue was handed over to the village Panchayat. A large number of trees along road sides were also cut to facilitate road widening. During the last four year-from 2008-09 to 2011-12, trees were cut in 204 ha of gramvan - village forest and 320.5 ha road side plantations. Thus, the social forestry division has harvested trees from 524.5 ha of plantations during the last four years at annual rate of about 130 ha.
Illegal cutting and loss of trees due to natural factors normally cause gradual decline in tree density in the departmental plantations. But wood available due to these factors is directly use by the poor people in the villages. In fact, dead and dried part of the trees in common land is main source of firewood for the labour class and poor people.
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4. Tree counting 2012
4.1 Methods
Tree cover in rural areas is basic ecological and economic infrastructure. In fact tree cover is key to maintain health of soil in the village and lay basic foundation for sustainable development in the line of Gramm Swaraj as advocated by Mahatma Gandhi. Recognising future economic, environmental and ecological roles, the Social Forestry Wing of the Gujarat Forest Department has decided to prepare district-wise report on “Tree Resource”. Methodology of estimating trees outside forest (TOF) has been established since first counting in 2003 and subsequently improved in the second tree census and also in this census. In the background of this fact, third counting of trees in the non-forest in seven districts was initiated in September 2012, although planning was done in advance. Social Forestry Wing has decided to initiate first model exercise in Mehsana district to development district and taluka-wise tree resource data base for continuity of monitoring and also to design proper planning. In 2009, a total of 25 villages were selected randomly in this district for total tree enumeration. The sample size has been increased in this study in 2012 by covering all type of areas in the district. It was decided to select four villages in each taluka. Satlasan is small taluka and three villages were selected in this taluka. Thus, a total of 35 villages were identified in nine talukas, covering all categories of villages distributed across the landscape. These villages cover about 22,546 ha of non-forest areas. Total tree counting was done in these selected villages.
Total tree counting in seven nagar palikas in Mehsana district was done in 2011. Thus,
urban tree population, as estimated in 2011, has been added to the rural tree population to find out total tree population in the district.
In this tree counting, about 5.7 % villages were selected randomly which covered about 5.39% of total non-forest areas (5.1% of district’s geographical area) in rural areas in the district. Thus, sample size is big enough to provide accurate result of tree estimation.
All trees having girth above 10 cm at breast height (GBH) were enumerated. The girth classes for counting trees were 10-30 cm, 30+-45 Cm, 45+-60 cm, 65+-75 cm, 75+-90 Cm, 90+-120 cm, 120+-150 cm, 150+-200 cm, 200+-250 cm, 250+-300 cm and above 300 cm.
Methodology of tree counting was discussed with staff and training was imparted to them and the labourers. In each village, tree counting was divided in following three categories.
(i) Trees in farmlands or orchards: Village map was used to identify agricultural lands. All trees along farm-lands, block plantation on private agricultural lands and fruit bearing trees in orchards were counted in the prescribed pro-forma.
(ii) Departmental plantation: Trees raised by the Forest Department on panchayat lands, road and railway sides or any other plantations on the common lands were counted separately.
(iii) Scattered trees: Trees also grow in human settlement/habitation, compounds of school/colleges, institutions, industries and in and around ponds. These were counted and recorded separately as scattered trees.
Based on tree counting in selected villages, tree population in each taluka has been extrapolated. In this counting, exercises in rural and urban areas were conducted separately.
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Table-2: Tree cover in the non-forest areas in Mehsana district
Year Tree population in Lakh
Tree density/ha
2003 213.90 49.62009 223.47 51.82012 236.35 54.7
(ii) Green district: Anand, Tapi, Mehsana and Gandhinagar are four districts in Gujarat which have tree density over 50 trees/ha in the non-forest area. Mehsana is third greenest district in Gujarat in term of the tree density.
(iii) Tree density: Tree density in the district increased from 49.6 trees/ha in 2003 to 51.8 trees/ha in 2009 and then further improved to 54.7 trees/ha in 2012.
(iv) Trees on form-lands: About 67.88 % trees in Mehsana district grows on farmlands. This also includes fruit bearing trees in the orchards. Thus, agro-forestry is most important component of the social forestry.
(v) Trees in Departmental plantations: About 4.54 % of total trees in the district were growing in the forest department plantations in panchayat and waste lands, along road, canal and railway sides.
(vi) Scattered trees: The rest of 27.58 % of trees were estimated in human habitation, along ponds, in institutional and industrial compounds and scattered trees on wastelands etc.
(vii) Trees in urban area: Tree density in the urban area is very poor as only 1,09,50 trees were counted in the urban areas in 2011 with tree density of about 7.83 trees/ha against 56.1 % in the rural areas.
(viii) Tree species diversity: About 160 species of trees grow in the area and
To estimate fodder and fuel wood from lopping of Neem trees, a separate study was done and its methodology has been described in Annexure-I.
Wood balance study was conducted separately and its report along with methodology has been given in Annexure-II.
Timber production and consumption were also studied and its details are given in Annexure-III.
Rural populations use Neem and Deshi babool sticks for using them as mouth tooth. This is traditional practice. With development of market economy, more people use tooth paste but a good number of old people continue to use green sticks for cleaning their tooth in morning. In some areas, it is marketed. This has been studied separately and details are given in Annexure-III.
Averages of national and state figures were taken to estimate Carbon store and annual Carbon sequestration in tree cover in the state.
4.2 Results
4.2.1 The main finding of tree estimates in Mehsana district
This is third estimate of tree cover in Mehsana district since first counting in 2003. Although district falls in the semi-arid region, tree cover in the non-forest area is very impressive. The main findings of this counting are as follows.
(i) Increasing tree cover: Tree cover has been increasing consistently in all talukas of Mehsana district. Forest Department estimated a total of 213.90 lakh trees in 2003 which increased to 223.47 in 2009 and further increased to 236.35 lakh in 2012 at annual rate of 2.49 lakh trees. The tree density in this counting has been estimated about 54.7 trees/ha in the district.
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Table-3: Top ten trees in the district
Name of Species No. of Tree %1. Limdo/Neem - Azadirachta indica 6,366,290 26.92. Gando Baval - Prosopis chilensis 2,590,190 10.93. Ardusa - Ailenthus excelsa 2,447,470 10.44. Deshi baval / Babool - Acacia nilotica 1,962,890 8.35. Khijado / Sami - Prosopis cineraria 1,631,270 6.96. Kanji - Holeptelia integrifolia 1,376,180 5.87. Bordi/Ber - Zizyphus mauritiana 1,038,590 4.48. Israel baval - A. tortalis 987,210 4.29. Limboo/Limboo - Citrus aurantium 731,920 3.110. Piloo - Mitha- Salvadora oleoides 391,320 1.711. Others 4112,170 17.4
Total 2,36,35,500 100.0
measurements of 111 species of trees were recorded by the enumerators in the non-forest area of the district. Some of the rare or uncommon tree species in the district could not be encountered in the sample villages.
(ix) Main trees: Neem dominates in the district as it constitute over one fourth of total tree population in the district. There were 63.66 lakh Neem trees in the district. Mehsana may be one of a leading district in term of Neem population. Top ten trees in term of population are - Neem (Azadirachta indica) - 26.94%, Prosopis chilensis-10.96 %, Ardusa (Ailanthus excelsa) - 10.36 %, Deshi babool (Acacia nilotica) - 8.3 %, Khijado (Prosopis cineraria) - 6.9 %, Kanji (Holoptelia integrifolia) - 5.8 %, Bordi (Zizyphus sp) - 4.4 %, Israel baval (Acacia tortalis) - 4.18 %, Limboo (Citrus aurantium) - 3.1 %, and Piloo (Salvadora oleodes)-1.6 %. These ten trees constitute 82.6 % of total tree population in the district, and the rest of over hundred species cover only 17.4 % of total trees.
(x) Neem: Neem is most preferred tree in the district. Also, Neem tree density in Mehsana district may be highest in the country. Almost every Neem tree in this semi-arid region is lopped for fodder as it is major source of fodder in the area. During the scarcity, people cry for fodder in Saurashtra and Kachchh but situation is different in Neem rich areas. It provides fodder security to people and has major contribution to the animal husbandry. In fact Mehsana and the areas around Mehsana district in Gandhinagar, Sabarkantha and Banaskantha are the main zone of Neem tree in the country.
(xi) Prosopis dominant area: Neem is dominant tree in all taluka, except Becharaji. Soil in this taluka is saline and it is not favourable to other tree species. In this taluka, Prosopis chilensis is most dominant tree, constituting population over 56 % of total trees in the taluka.
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Table-4: Tree population estimates in rural and urban areas
Area Geographical area (ha) Tree population Tree density Trees/ha1. Rural 418,111 23,525,930 56.272. Urban 13,990 109,570 7.833. Total in non-forest area in district
432,101 23,635,500 54.7
then discouraged. Now this species is not planted by the Forest Department. Population of Israel baval declined from 16.63 lakh in 2009 to about 10.51 lakh in 2012. Israel baval has been harvested from the departmental plantation on one hand and its plantation has been discouraged on other hands. It is expected that it number may further decline in the next tree counting.
(xiv) Ardusa- Ailanthus excelsa has emerged an important agro-forestry species in the north Gujarat, including Mehsana. Economic return from plantation of Ailanthus along the farm boundary is relatively high due to prevailing commercial market of the species for packing and plywood. Its population increased from about 9.03 lakh in 2009 to 23.94 lakh in 2012. There are large numbers of new plantations of Ardusa. Population of this species may further increase in near future. At present, it is the second most important tree along with Deshi babool in the district.
(xv) Tree population: Tree population in urban and rural areas (non-forest) has been given in Table-4.
(xii) Prosopis chilensis is an exotic species which was absent or was rare before constitution of the state. It is very aggressive species and colonised a large areas. River banks are thickly covered by Prosopis. Although number of plants of this species is very high, only about 27.18 lakh trees having girth above 10 km at breast height were counted in 2012. Population of this species was high in first and second counting but declined because of cutting and its removal in a large area. Thus, increasing population of Prosopis has been controlled due to its cutting for fuel wood and charcoal. It has very high energy values and has major fuel wood supplier in the rural areas. The poor villagers collect Prosopis fuel wood free of cost from the wastelands and common lands.
(xiii) Declining number of Israel baval: Israel baval- Acacia tortalis was also introduced in 1980s. Gradually, this species become one of the main species in the Forest Department plantations due to its safety from livestock. It population gradually increased and became one of the main trees in 1990s. Due to its less economic and ecological value, composition of this species in plantation declined and
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Forest and tree cover: Forest cover in the district was about 21,400 ha (FSI 2011) and tree cover about 68,900 ha. Some of the areas under forest cover and tree cover are overlapping. Forest cover in the forest area is not known but major part of the forest area is under dense and open forest. If we assume, that about 6,000 ha forest area is under tree cover, the tree and forest cover in the district may be about 74,900 ha which is equivalent to about 17.1 %. Thus, average forest and tree cover in Mehsana is higher than average forest and tree cover in Gujarat.
After implementation of intensive social forestry programmes and conservation of forest, it may be a realistic target to achieve forest and tree cover to the extent of about 20 % of the total geographical area of the district.
4.2.2 Tree and forest cover
Tree cover: If dense and open tree covers are taken into consideration, in urban area of Gandhinagar, 282 trees are equivalent to one hectare of tree cover (Singh, 2012). In Gujarat state, about 343 trees are equivalent to one hectare of tree cover (FSI 2011 and Anon 2009). If a norm of about 343 tree equivalent to one hectare of tree cover is applied for Mehsana, the tree cover in the district in 2012 was estimated about 68,908 ha which is equivalent to 15.7 % of the geographical area of the district.
Forest cover: As per the State of Forest Report (2011) of the FSI, Dehradun, forest cover in the district was 214 sq. km (19 sq. km dense forest + 195 sparse forest), although forest area is only 71.75 sq. km. It appears that tree cover in the non-forest areas in the wastelands, ravines and community lands were also accounted in the forest cover. Most probably, thicket of Prosopis and block plantations were accounted in the forest cover. The district also support 50 sq. km scrub cover.
Table-5: Tree Population in the Non forest Areas in different talukas of Mehsana district
No
Taluka
Urban Non Forest Area Rural Non Forest Area Total
Area (in Ha.)
No of trees Tree density Tree/Ha
Area (in Ha.)
No of trees Tree density Tree/Ha
Area (in Ha.)
No of trees Tree density Tree/Ha
1 Mehsana 3,200 42,370 13.24 80,064 5,138,730 64.18 83,264 5,181,090 62.22 Vijapur 348 5490 15.76 55,992 3,098,140 55.33 56,340 3,103,620 55.13 Vadnagar 4,287 24,610 5.74 26,936 1,260,860 46.81 31,223 1,285,470 41.24 Becharaji 0 O 0 39,982 1,667,160 41.70 39,982 1,667,160 41.75 Visnagar 790 11,220 14.20 47,677 2,770,550 58.11 48,467 2,781,780 57.46 Kadi 1,500 9,820 6.55 81,598 4,146,420 50.82 83,098 4,156,240 50.07 Kheralu 350 6,430 18.37 33,074 2,591,010 78.34 33,424 2,597,440 77.78 Satlasan 0 0 0 24,533 1,600,010 65.22 24,533 1,600,010 65.29 Unjha 3,515 9,640 2.74 28,255 1,253,060 44.35 31,770 1,262,690 39.7
TOTAL 13,990 109,570 7.83 418,111 23,525,930 56.27 432,101 23,635,500 54.7
Note: Bechraji and Satlasana are not notified as Nagarpalika (Urban area) and they Panchayats
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4.2.3 Taluka-wise status of tree cover
(i) Mehsana taluka (Location: 23.360 N and 72.230 E)
There are 116 villages which cover a total area of 832.64 sq. km. Rupen and Khari are two rivers in the taluka. Simandhar Jain temple is important religious site. The largest milk dairy of Asia is located in this taluka. The soil of the taluka is depositional light
black and sandy. Neem (26.1%), Prosopis (14.0%) and Khijado (9.9 %) are three main trees in the district. Prosopis is major fuel-wood supplier to poor section of the society. There are total 51.81 lakh trees in the taluka with tree density of 62.2 trees/ha. Thus, tree cover in Mehsana taluka is very good.
Table - 6.1: Top 10 tree species of Mehsana Taluka (2012)
Name of Species No. of Tree %
1. Limdo/Neem - Azadirachta indica 1354390 26.1
2. Gando baval - Prosopis chilensis 724270 14.0
3. Khijado / Sami - Prosopis cineraria 513710 9.9
4. Ardusa - Ailenthus excelsa 454070 8.8
5. Deshi baval / Babool - Acacia nilotica 408800 7.9
6. Limboo/Nimboo - Citrus aurantium 270130 5.2
7. Bordi/Ber - Zizyphus mauritiana 262960 5.1
8. Piloo -Khari- Salvadora oleoides 188320 3.6
9. Pinkecia - Cassia javanica 123990 2.4
10. Piloo - Mitha- Salvadora oleoides 122980 2.4
11. Others 757470 14.6
Total 51,81,090 100.00
(ii) Kadi taluka
(Location: 23.180 N and 72.200 E)
There are 120 villages which cover a total area of 830.98 sq. km. Meladi Mata-nu- Mandir, Yukteshwer and Ramji temples are important religious sites. Taluka is famous for ceramic industries. The soil of the taluka is light black and productive. Ground water was main source for irrigation. Recently, Narmada water brings agricultural prosperity in the area. Blue bull problem is very serious in the taluka. Vultures are also found in good number as about 66 vultures with few nestings were recorded in 2012.
Blackbuck population in the taluka is also very good. Over three thousands blackbuck enjoyed open areas in the district but number declined in the recent years. Neem ( 27.0 %), Deshi baval (12.8 %) and Ardusa (11.3%) are three main trees in the taluka. Population of Ardusa trees is increasing in the area. There are total 41.56 lakh trees in the taluka with tree density of 50.0 trees/ha. Tree cover is good but below the average of Mehsana district. Dense tree groves of Acacia nilotica in Thol Lake are outstanding.
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(iii) Vijapur Taluka (Location: 23.560 N and 72.740 E)
There are 64 villages which cover a total area of 572.15 sq. km. Rupen and Khari are two rivers in the taluka. Area of the taluka is along the west bank of Sabarmati river. Ghantakarn temple and Harsidedha temple are two main religious sites. Soil of the area is sandy with clay
and light black colour. Land is productive and suitable for agricultural crops. Tree density has improved consistently. Neem dominates the area and constitutes about 31.9 % of total trees in the taluka. Kanji (18.3%) and Ardusa (14.2%) are other important tree species. Number of Ardusa trees has increased during the recent years. Ravine areas support thicket of Prosopis
Table - 6.2: Top 10 tree species of Kadi Taluka (2012)
Name of Species No. of Tree %
1. Limdo/Neem - Azadirachta indica 1122880 27.0
2. Deshi baval/Babool - Acacia nilotica 532690 12.83. Ardusa - Ailenthus excelsa 471060 11.34. Gando baval - Prosopis chilensis 368180 8.95. Limboo/Nimboo - Citrus aurantium 208710 5.06. Israel baval - A. tortalis 158330 3.87. Kanji - Holeptelia integrifolia 134300 3.28. Amla - Emblica officlanis 124370 3.0
9. Khijado/Sami - Prosopis cineraria 116720 2.8
10. Piloo - Mitha- Salvadora oleoides 111510 2.711. Others 807490 19.4
Total 41,56,240 100.00
Table - 6.3: Top 10 tree species of Vijapur Taluka (2012)
Name of Species No. of Tree %1. Limdo/Neem - Azadirachta indica 989020 31.92. Kanji - Holeptelia integrifolia 566430 18.33. Ardusa - Ailenthus excelsa 439570 14.24. Israel baval - A. tortalis 241990 7.85. Deshi baval - Acacia nilotica 201560 6.56. Limboo/Nimboo - Citrus aurantium 120590 3.97. Chikoo - Acrussapota 107690 3.58. Bordi/Ber - Zizyphus mauritiana 91550 2.99. Gando baval - Prosopis chilensis 74530 2.410. Amla - Emblica officlanis 46200 1.411. Others 224490 7.2
Total 31,03,620 100.00
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which supply fuel wood to poor people. In Vijapur Taluka, there are total 31.04 lakh trees in the taluka with tree density of 55.1trees/ha.
(iv) Visnagar Taluka (Location: 23.240 N and 72.410 E)
There are 59 villages which cover a total area of 484.67 sq. km. Pushpawati and Khari are two main rivers in the taluka. Hatkeshwer, Ashapuri Mata, Vishnupuri are important temples. Ground water was the main source of irrigation. Area is
suitable for tree growth. Land is productive and suitable for agricultural crops. Tree density has improved consistently. Neem (20.1 %), Khijado (16.5%) and Deshi baval (14.87%) are important tree species in the area. There are total 27.82 lakh trees in the taluka with tree density of 57.4 trees/ha. Tree cover is very good in the taluka and above the average of tree cover in the district.
Table - 6.4: Top 10 tree species of Visnagar Taluka (2012)
Name of Species No. of Tree %
1. Limdo/Neem - Azadirachta indica 559050 20.1
2. Khijado/Sami - Prosopis cineraria 459790 16.5
3. Deshi baval/Babool - Acacia nilotica 413550 14.9
4. Ardusa - Ailenthus excelsa 296600 10.7
5. Kanji - Holeptelia integrifolia 226090 8.1
6. Israel baval - A. tortalis 104540 3.8
7. Gando baval - Prosopis chilensis 93370 3.3
8. Jambu - Syzygium cumini 93070 3.3
9. Piloo - Mitha- Salvadora oleoides 91660 3.3
10. Karanj - Holoptelia integrifolia 77000 2.8
11. Others 367060 13.2
Total 27,81,780 100.00
(v) Vadnagar Taluka (Location: 23.470 N and 72.910 E)
There are 44 villages which cover a total area of 321.23 sq. km. Sabarmati and Rupen are two rivers in the taluka. Vadnagar is historical site. Hatkeshwer Mahadev, Ashapuri Mata, Vishnupuri are important temples. Kirti Stumbh and Tanariri temple and Sharmishta ponds are important sites for tourists. Ground water and Dharoi canals are the main source of irrigation. Narmada canal has started supplying water for
irrigation. Area is suitable for tree growth. Land is productive and suitable for agricultural crops. Tree density has improved consistently. Neem dominates area and constitutes about 34.47 % of total trees in the taluka. Deshi baval (12.0%) and Ardusa (9.3%) are other important tree species in the area. There are total 12.85 lakh trees in the taluka with tree density of 41.2 trees/ha. Tree cover is relatively poor in the taluka.
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Land is productive and suitable for agricultural crops. Tree density has improved consistently. Neem dominates the area and constitutes about 39.91 % of total trees in the taluka. Ardusa (19.04%) and Dadam (4.8%) are other important tree species in the area. There are total 25.97 lakh trees in the taluka with tree density of 77.7 trees/ha. Tree cover is outstanding in the taluka and very high compared to the tree cover in the district.
(vi) Kheralu Taluka (Location: 23.540 N and 72.380 E)
It is a small taluka with 52 villages, covering a total area of 334.24 sq. km. Sabarmati and Rupen are two main rivers in the taluka. Mandropur temple of Goddess is important temple in the taluka. Some area is stony with poor soil. Ground water and canal from Dharohi dam were the main source of irrigation. Area is suitable for tree growth.
Table - 6.5: Top 10 tree species of Vadnagar Taluka (2012)
Name of Species No. of Tree %
1. Limdo/Neem- Azadirachta indica 443060 34.52. Deshi baval/Babool - Acacia nilotica 154270 12.03. Ardusa - Ailenthus excelsa 120130 9.34. Bordi/Ber - Zizyphus mauritiana 115300 9.05. Gando baval - Prosopis chilensis 62950 4.96. Khijado/Sami - Prosopis cineraria 59610 4.67. Israel baval - A. tortalis 52110 4.18. Kanji - Holeptelia integrifolia 36340 2.89. Sargavo - Moringa oleifera 21130 1.6
10. Setur - Morus alba 19190 1.511. Others 201380 15.7
Total 12,85,470 100.00
Table - 6.6: Top 10 tree species of Kheralu Taluka (2012)
Name of Species No. of Tree %
1. Limdo/Neem - Azadirachta indica 1036700 39.92. Ardusa - Ailenthus excelsa 494640 19.03. Dadam - Punica granatam 124690 4.84. Kanji - Holeptelia integrifolia 118450 4.65. Deshi baval/Babool - Acacia nilotica 107410 4.16. Khijado/Sami - Prosopis cineraria 103360 4.07. Israel baval - A. tortalis 89020 3.48. Gando baval - Prosopis chilensis 83310 3.29. Bordi/Ber - Zizyphus mauritiana 58430 2.310. Arni - 38320 1.511. Others 343110 13.2
Total 25,97,440 100.00
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(vii) Satlasan Taluka (Location: 23.540 N and 72.380 E)
Taluka has 73 villages, covering a total area of 308.38 sq. km. Sabarmati and Saraswati are two main rivers in the taluka. Taranga hill is important religious and tourist site in the district. Forest Department has established Sanskritic Van-Cultural forest (Tirthankar Van) at Taranga which attracts a large number of people. Adinath temple exists at Taranga. This taluka supports forest where leopard, sloth bear and hyena are found. Some area is stony with poor soil and a large area of the forest has
loose sandy soil. Dharohi dam in taluka is main source of irrigation, although people also use ground water for irrigating their crops. Area is suitable for tree growth. The land is productive and suitable for agricultural crops. Tree density has improved consistently. Neem dominates the area and constitutes about 27.7 % of total trees in the taluka. Bordi (11.7%) and Kanji (11.2 %) are other important tree species in the area. Forest support Bordi, Dhavada, Gorad, and plantation of Acacia tortalis. There are total 16.00 lakh trees in the taluka with tree density of 65.2 trees/ha.
Table - 6.7: Top 10 tree species of Satlasan Taluka (2012)
Name of Species No. of Tree %
1. Limdo/Neem - Azadirachta indica 443000 27.7
2. Bordi/Ber - Zizyphus mauritiana 186640 11.7
3. Kanji - Holeptelia integrifolia 178640 11.2
4. Israel baval - A. tortalis 133630 8.3
5. Ardusa - Ailenthus excelsa 124970 7.8
6. Goras amli - Pithecellobium dulce 71230 4.4
7. Aniyar - Acacia tomentosa 67000 4.2
8. Gando baval - Prosopis chilensis 59200 3.7
9. Katus bamboo - Bambusa arundinacea 41160 2.6
10. Setur - Morus alba 37490 2.3
11. Others 257050 16.1
Total 16,00,010 100.00
black colour with sands and it is productive. Area is suitable for tree growth. Land is productive and suitable for agricultural crops. Ground water and canal of Dharohi dam were the main sources of irrigation. Neem (24.8 %), Khijado (21.6%) and kanji (15.0 %) are other important tree species in the area. There are total 12.62 lakh trees in the taluka with tree density of 39.7 trees/ha. This taluka has relatively low tree cover.
(viii) Unjha Taluka (Location: 23.800 N and 72.390 E)
It is a small taluka with 32 villages, covering a total area of 317.70 sq. km. Pushpawati is the main river in the taluka. This taluka has one of the largest agricultural produce market yard. Isabgul is exported from this centre to other countries. Umia Mata temple is 1200 years old temple in the taluka. Aithor temple of God Ganesh is about 2500 years old. Soil is light
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arrival of Narmada canal. Prosopis chilensis, an exotic species dominate in this taluka and has a population of 56.1 % of the total tree population. Bordi (12.7 %) and Piloo (7.6%) are other two important tree species. Nesting of vultures was also recorded in this district. Sun temple at Modhera is most important tourist site in the taluka. There are total 16.67 lakh trees in the taluka with tree density of 41.7 trees/ha.
(ix) Becharaji (Location: 23.350 N and 72.070 E)
It has 51 villages, covering a total area of 399.82 sq. km. Pushpawati and Rupen are the main rivers in the taluka. This taluka has saline land and less human population. There are several religious and cultural sites in the taluka. Bahucharaji, Modheshweri Devi temple and cultural site - Modhera are nationally known sites. This taluka had poor agricultural crops but situation is changing fast with
Table - 6.8: Top 10 tree species of Unjha Taluka (2012)Name of Species No. of Tree %
1. Limdo/Neem - Azadirachta indica 313640 24.82. Khijado/Sami - Prosopis cineraria 272880 21.63. Gando baval - Prosopis chilensis 189950 15.04. Deshi baval/Babool - Acacia nilotica 100810 8.05. Israel baval - A. tortalis 81740 6.56. Bordi/Ber - Zizyphus mauritiana 53520 4.27. Jambu - Syzygium cumini 47510 3.88. Limboo/Nimboo - Citrus aurantium 38680 3.19. Kanji - Holeptelia integrifolia 28610 2.310. Gundi - Cordia gharaf 27060 2.111. Others 108290 8.6
Total 12,62,690 100.00
Table - 6.9: Top 10 tree species of Becharaji Taluka (2012)
Name of Species No. of Tree %1. Gando baval - Prosopis chilensis 934440 56.12. Bordi/Ber - Zizyphus mauritiana 212140 12.73. Piloo -Khari- Salvadora oleoides 127180 7.64. Limdo/Neem - Azadirachta indica 104540 6.35. Khijado/Sami - Prosopis cineraria 88750 5.36. Kerda - Capparis decidua 86420 5.27. Piloo - Mitha- Salvadora oleoides 41210 2.58. Ardusa - Ailenthus excelsa 22160 1.39. Deshi baval/Babool - Acacia nilotica 18450 1.110. Israel baval - A. tortalis 7580 0.411. Others 24290 1.5
Total 16,67,160 100.00
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4.2.4 Distribution of trees in girth classes
Data of trees in different girth classes have been analysed. Number of trees has been estimated in each GBH with unit of one centimeter. The curve indicating trees population against each girth in centimeter shows a normal distribution, except at pole stage. Fast growing species like Eucalyptus is not grown for timber and it is harvested at pole stage. Similarly, Prosopis chilensis is cut regularly for firewood before it gain high girth.
Percent of trees of total trees of a species having GBH above 120 cm.
Neem About 9.3 % Deshi babool About 12.9 % Ardusa About 6.8 % Kanji About 12.6 % Khijado About 9.7 % Prosopis chilensis About 0.3% Eucalyptus About 0.7 %
Number of trees of Eucalyptus, Prosopis is very low in higher girth classes which have some impact on normal distribution of trees in different girth classes. This also reveal that a good quantity of timber may be available in future when a large number of trees in lower
Largest trees of Neem (Mahavriksh) of the country is in Mehsana district. There are good number of tree in the district which have girth above 3 m. As per tree resource survey, about 4,885 trees in the rural district have girth above 3.0 m and contribution of Neem in this is 2,339 trees. Large size of trees above 2.0 m GBH are less on farm lands as they are harvested in time by the farmers and replaced by the new trees in the interest of fodder and timber production. Many of the large trees had GBH above 4 m. Rayan, Vad, Pipal, Piloo. Mehsana and Satlasan talukas have more number of such trees.
GBH in cm
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000
500,000
453,900 220,200 142,000 64,800 38,200 8,400 2,800 580 100
20 cm 45 cm 75 cm 105 cm 135 cm 175 cm 225 cm 275 cm 325 cm
Tree population
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4.2.5 General observations and finding in tree survey and wood balance study
(i) With increasing prosperity and awareness, energy consumption has shifted in favour of LPG gas. As a result, firewood consumption per capita is on decline. Agricultural waste, caster sticks make substantial contribution to fuel energy for cooking food. Poor people are more dependent on Prosopis juliflora for firewood. Small branches available from lopping of Neem trees are substantial in quantity to meet the firewood requirement.
(ii) Dung is normally used for fertilizer but Rabaris, cattle rearing community sometime use dung to prepare cakes for firewood.
(iii) Due to attack of termite in the area, people prefer iron frame or RCC frame in their doors and window. Thus, use of timber in house as well as construction of cattle shade is also declining.
(iv) Tractor and machine have replaced/ is replacing bull and traditional plough. This also contributes in decline of use of wood in agriculture.
(v) Use of fuel wood in Holi festival has also declined drastically.
(vi) People pass their time watching TV and they do not get time to use fire to warm themselves. Thus, use of firewood in winter to get themselves warmed has also declined.
(vii) Normally old people in villages still use Neem and Deshi baval stick for cleaning their teeth (Dantan) in morning. Young generation normally prefer to use tooth brush.
(viii) People use leaves of Neem, Khijado, Subaval, Deshi baval and Ailanthus to feed their livestock. Branches of Deshi baval are lopped to feed goat whereas Neem and Subaval are used for feeding their cattle.
(ix) Farmers use ground water and canal water extensively to irrigate their fields. This helps the growth of trees and increase in tree cover in the district.
(x) Depredation of agricultural crops due to blue bull and wild boar is very serious in the district. Population of both species in the district is very high.
(xi) Preference to grow Ailanthus excelsa along farm lands has been observed. This trend has already contributed in increasing population of Ailanthus and it is expected that this species may reach to the level of Neem and Deshi baval in near future.
5. Wood production and consumption 5.1 FirewoodFirewood consumption depends on life style of people and availability of other energy sources in the area. In forested areas, including areas having thickets of Prosopis chilensis have high rate of consumption of firewood because the wood is available in the common/forest lands at low cost. People normally collect firewood without paying any cost from such areas. As a result, consumption rates remain high in such areas. In cities, towns and developed villages, firewood consumption is partly replaced by LPG and other energy sources. In Mehsana district, living standard of some people is high and they use LPG. In general, there is decline in per capita consumption of firewood among the rich and middle classes but number of poor people and landless labour, who use firewood, is high.
Before discussing present firewood consumption patter, let us examine per capita annual firewood consumption as mentioned in different studies.
House hold survey reveals that per capita average annual firewood consumption in Mehsana district in rural area was 331.2 kg in 2012. Thus, fuel-wood consumption, as per
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Table-7: Annual per capita firewood consumption (kg)
Study report/reference Forested villages
Non forested villages
Small town/ cities
Big cities
Wood Balance Study, Gujarat, 1984 417 207 143 76Wood Balance Study, Gujarat, 2005 494 298 145 71CSO-GOI (2010) Average in India in the year 2004
Rural area-261 NA Urban area - 77
NA
Wood balance Study, Mehsana (2012)
331 (average of forested and none forested villages)
NA NA
A house-hold survey in the rural areas has estimated timber consumption of about 1,41,000 CMT of small and large timber. Survey also reveal that about 16.22 lakh poles and 17,300 bamboos poles were used by household for construction of cattle shed, huts and shades etc. A rough estimate indicates that 20 to 25 poles, as used by the villages, are equivalent one cubic meter of timber. Thus, about 0.71 lakh cubic meter of poles are used by the people in rural areas. This does not include huge number of poles used in construction industries. This implies that rural areas in Mehsana consumes about 2.12 lakh cmt timber. Urban areas also consume substantial quantity of timber. A large quantity of timber is used by 306 timber industries. Timber consumption in plywood, furniture and packing industries is substantial. A sizeable quantity of timber is imported through Kandla Port. Also, Deshi babool, Neem and Ardusa timber is exported outside. It is difficult to estimate internal production of timber within Mehsana district. The estimate of 2.72 lakh cubic meter of timber and poles in the line of estimation by the Central Statistical organisation (CSO) from trees growing in the non forest areas in Mehsana district appears reasonable. It is difficult to prepare a balance sheet of import and export of timber in Mehsana district but it may be stated that internal production of timber and firewood is enough to meet the requirement of the district.
2011 population census, by the household in rural Mehsana was 501,368 tones. Additionally, about 18,356 tone of firewood was used in crematoria and Holi festival. Hotels, tea stall, crematoria and labour force in semi-urban and urban areas consume a good quantity of firewood. If a minimum norm of per capita annual firewood consumption of 77 kg, as mentioned in the above table, is applied for the urban areas in Mehsana, the total fuel wood consumption by the urban population should be about 39,583 tones. Thus, total fuel wood consumption in Mehsana district was 559,210 tones, say about 5.59 lakh tones.
5.2 Timber
Timber and ploe production potential from the non-forest areas in Gujarat has been estimated about 31.0 lakh cubic meter (FSI 2011). If similar norm is applied in tree cover in Mehsana, timber production should be about 2.72 lakh cubic meter. Although lands in Mehsana district is productive, the timber content per tree in this district may be marginally low compared to the tree in central and south Gujarat but higher than yield per tree in Saurashtra and kachchh. Lopping of Neem tree, the main tree in Mehsana, has some impact on availability of timber but new technology of timber sawing and higher yield in some species like Ardusa compensate it.
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from the local timber species. About 15,290 cubic meter of local round timber, mainly Ardusa was consumed by plywood and veneer industries. Thus, timber industries consume about 122,770 cmt. A small part of the small timber is used in local goods which was not shown in the registers. Contribution of timber by different local species for saw mills has been estimated. The saw mills purchase entire standing tree at the farm land and transport everything after cutting it. Thus, input of round timber and output of sawn timber shows different ratios for different species because tractors or trucks load of wood contain round timber and firewood. Average percentage of inputs and out puts of local timber in timber industries reveal that Neem has contribution 43.1 %, followed Deshi baval 15.5%, Khijado 10.5 %, Kanji 4.3 %, Ardusa 4.5 %, Eucalyptus 2.7 % and remaining other species 19.4 %.
The contribution of Deshi baval may be higher than the above figures as a good quantity it is used in local instrument, implements and furniture. Also, a good quantity of round timber of Deshi babool is exported to Rajasthan. A large quantity of local round wood, mainly Deshi baval is exported to Rajasthan. In the absence of data, it is difficult to estimate local timber exported to other states.
It has been estimated that 281 saw mills import about 80,890 cmt of timber from other countries via Kachchh. Also, 24 plywood and veneer industries import substantial quantity of timber but it is not accounted in the absence data. It is apparent from above analysis that timber industries in Mehsana consume over 203,660 cmt of timber. Some of the sawn timber produced by the timber industries is exported to other states. In absence of data, it is difficult to estimate total timber exported from Mehsana to other states but analysis reveal that total timber production in Mehsana district from local trees may be equivalent or near to total timber consumption in the district.
5.3 Timber industries
There are 281 saw mills, 24 plywood and veneer and one particle board industries in Mehsana district. Twenty saw mills, three latis and three plywood and veneer industries were selected to study pattern of timber consumption. Majority of saw mills purchase standing trees and transport to saw mill with timber and firewood. The registers of saw mills contain data in volume and weight. It was difficult to estimate the quantity of small round timber used in firewood. Twenty saw mills received about 15,688 cmt meter of local round wood (timber and firewood). The saw mills also indicate a good quantity of sawn timber as a part of input to the saw mill, but these are considered exchange among the saw mills. Thus, sawn timber data is ignored in analysis and only round timber is considered as input material to the saw mills. These twenty saw mills also received 5,757 cmt meter of round and sawn timber from Kandla/Gandhidham which were imported from other countries.
The saw mills in Mehsana are dependent on internal timber production within district and import from other countries. Except Indian teak, the quantity of timber landing in the saw mills from other states and also from other districts is very less and can be ignored. In the background of this fact, it is presumed that, except a small quantity of the Indian teak, all Indian wood to these saw mills are coming from the villages in Mehsana district.
Study reveals that 73.1 % timber used by the saw mills was from the villages in the district and the remaining about 26.9 % timber is imported from other countries via Kachchh.
Total local round timber consumed by all the saw mills in Mehsana district has been estimated about 107,480 cmt or 1.075 lakh cmt meter of round timber. These saw mills supplied about 64,490 cmt of sawn timber
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is expected marginally at lower side compared to trees in good areas. To make a realistic assessment, some correction factor may be applied. In this case, annual timber yield per tree has been expected 20 per cent below the national average. Thus, district’s annual economic contribution of Rs 308.42 crore may be a realistic assessment. As per the prevailing price in 2012, economic contribution of TOF in term of timber, fuel wood, Neem fodder and tooth stick has been evaluated. Other NTFP could not be evaluated due to various reasons. It may be safely stated that annual contribution of the TOF in the rural economy of Mehsana district was at least Rs 527.56 crore.Above is a conservative assessment, as many produce (NTFP) are not accounted in this study. Fodder of Neem trees have been studies whereas people use other species such as Khijado, Deshi baval, Ardusa, Bordi for fodder. Annual quantity of leaves of fodder tree species consumed by 87,640 goats and 5,760 camels is also not accounted. Use of firewood for miscellaneous purpose and in urban area is also missed in this study.
6. Economy of Trees Outside Forest (TOF)
Trees are backbone of rural economy. Tangible and intangible benefits from trees are tremendous but these are never accounted properly in the national economy. The planning commission recognised trees wealth outside forests and estimated their contribution in term of timber. As per the report of Central Statistical Organisation (CSO 2010), the TOFs contribution to the economy of Gujarat State (Contribution to GDP) in form of timber at price in the year was Rs. 4387.8 crores. Thus about 26.9 crores trees in the non-forest areas made annual contribution to the GDP as mentioned above. It this logic and equations are applied in Mehsana district, about 236.36 lakh trees in Mehsana should be contributing at least Rs 385.52 crore in term of timber and poles. Mehsana is in semi-arid environment. Neem trees are regularly lopped that effect development of trunk and major branches. It is guessed that timber yield from the trees in south and central Gujarat is marginally at higher side but it is difficult to mention here about the exact figures. Thus, the timber yield
Table-9: Annual contribution of trees in rural areas in Mehsana district
Items Quantity Value (Rs. in crore)
Timber (small and large) and poles 2.72 lakh cubic meter 308.42
Fire-wood 5.59 lakh tones 167.79
Green fodder (only Neem leaves) 2.85 lakh tones 42.76
Tooth stick or Dantan 17.42 crores sticks 8.59
Total 527.56
Economic value of NTFP of the TOFAs there are about 160 tree species recorded in Mehsana, ten species of them such as Neem, Prosopis, Ardusa, Deshi baval, Khijado, kanji, Bordi, other baval species, Piloo, accounting for over 83.4 per cent, have major contribution in term of NTFP. There are certain other species
such Deshi mango, mahuda, rayan, aritha, amla, baheda, gugal, gunda, jamun and Sitafal which account for over 16.6 % of total trees. These species are in minority but provide fruits, medicine and gums to local people. The present study has not estimated contribution of these about one and half dozen species which are
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also major producer of NTFP. The economic contribution of the following should be studied to account the true contribution of TOF in the district
(i) Seeds: Neem - generally collected and marketed for production of oil and cakes. It is also locally used for using as bio fertiliser and bio - pesticide.
(ii) Gums: Species of Acacia(iii) Flowers: Mahuda and Kesuda (Butea
monosperma)(iv) Fruits: Jamun, Aritha, Sitafal, Deshi Bordi,
Amla, Rayan, Nimboo and Deshi Mango(v) Honey: Flowers of trees and shrubs
support honey production
Every biomass discharged by trees is added directly or indirectly to soil. The value of such a large number of trees in the district in terms of leaf litter and soil and water recharge is very high. In the absence of economic tools to account these tangible benefits, the present study could not account such economic values.
Economic value of fuel-wood other than conventional kitchen use, such as fuel wood use in brick industries, camp fires during winter season, fuel wood used by tea shops and road side eatery gullas has not been estimated.
7. Proposed Action PlanMehsana is already a green district but there is a scope to improve tree cover in agro-forestry areas, riverine areas and institutional lands. Anand has high tree density over 68 trees/ha and it is possible to increase tree cover to achieve this level of greenery. To achieve this target, intensive social forestry activities should be taken up by improving planting stock. To achieve a target of average tree density of 65 trees/ha, the tree population should increase by about 20%. In other world, number of trees in Mehsana district should improve from about 236.4 lakh to about 281 lakh. To achieve this goal, following action has been proposed in this report.
(i) Forest Department should carry out departmental plantations in an area of at least 1200 ha annually (400 ha in community, wasteland and institutional lands + 800 ha agro-forestry).
(ii) Annual supply of seedlings under Van Mahotsav should be about one crore seedlings.
(iii) Quality seedlings (clonal and seedlings from improved seeds) should be supplied to farmers to improve their income.
(iv) A large number of CPT (Candidate Plus Trees) of Ailanthus excelsa, Neem, and Deshi baval should be identified for collection of genetically superior seeds. Technological development should be taken up to produce quality planting stock.
(v) Tall seedlings should be raised to improve success of departmental plantation.
(vi) People participation in tree plantation should be enhanced to transform tree plantation as people’s movement.
(vii) Timber industries should be promoted and timber marketing facilities should be improved so that the farmers get fair price.
(viii) Provision of permission from the authority for cutting trees on farm land should be removed and farmers should have full freedom to grow and cut trees as per their choice.
(ix) Bio-technological application is necessary to improve productivity of agro-forestry and also the survival per cent.
(x) Tree plantation activities should be subsidised to promote agro-forestry.
(xi) Scheme for restoring river banks and raising trees in and around ponds/check dams should be intensified.
(xii) High quality seedlings of fruit bearing species should be supplied to people.
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Sun temple - Modhera
Kirti Stumbh, Vadnagar
Kirti StumbhRani-ni-Vav near Sun temple
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Thol Bird Sanctuary having dense cover of Deshi babool in shallow water zone and in its fringe area
Blackbuck in Kadi taluka
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Botanical name : Azadirachta indicaEnglish name : Neem or Mangrosa TreeLocation : Village-Lunawa, Dist. - MehsanaSize : Girth (GBH) - 5.18 mAge : Over 200 years
A neem tree on Siddhapur road in Mehsana district won the National Mahavriksh (Great Tree) Award in 1994. As per the measurements collected at the national level by the Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India for several large trees of neem, the size of this tree at that time was largest, and based on measurement data, it was recognised as the largest neem tree in India. Although its exact age is not known, people believe that it could be over 200 years old. The tree along the road is protected and people respect existence of this great tree.
Largest Neem - Mahavriksh
Large Neem Tree
Botanical name : Azadirachta indicaEnglish name : NeemLocation : Davalsapir Dargh in Jaska village,
Taluka - Vadnagar , Dist.- MehsanaSize : Girth (GBH) - 5.70, Height - About
24 m., Crown diameter-27 m.Age : About 250 years
Villagers believe that it is very old, perhaps more than 250 years old tree. People protect this tree religiously.
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Botanical name: Azadirachta indica, Madhuca indica, Ficus benghalensis and F. religiosa in one stemLocation: Village-Between Transwad and Nakapur,Taluka-Vadnagar, Dist. MehsanaSize: Girth (GBH)-3.68 m., Height-11 mAge: Unknown, but age of first original tree is high.
Unique Tree - Four in One Tree Stem
Four trees-a Vad, a Pipado, a Mahuda and a Neem grow together forming one stem at a site between Transwad and Nakapur villages in Vadnagar taluka in Mehsana district. Girth at Breast Height of the stem was measured about 396 cm. Pipad is the tallest measuring about 11m whereas Vad and Mahuda attained heights of about 9 m each. Neem tree survives under domination of these three trees. It appears that neem or Mahuda is the oldest among them. Vad and Pipad must have germinated at a later stage on the stem of Neem or Mahuda and have taken over the original tree. At present, all four survive and grow together at the site as a part of the stem without any apparent damage.
Large and Old Rayan TreeBotanical name: Manilkara hexandra Location: Village-Vasai, Taluka-Vijapur, Dist.-MehsanaSize: Girth (GBH)-6.50 m.,Height-26 m., Average canopy diameter-27 m.Age: Very old-guess is over 250 years
A large Rayan tree having the maximum girth has been recorded in the private land of Shri Jibuji Narayanji Chawada in Mehsana district. Average canopy diameter of the tree was 26 m. Due to its girth, size, and age, this tree has been included in the list. Over a half dozen large and old rayan trees having girth over 5.5 m were studies but only three are included in the list.
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Lopping of Neem trees grown by the farmers on farm’s boundaries
First stage - Beginning of lopping Second stage - half of the branches lopped Last stage - All branches lopped
Farmers having several trees of Neem on the boundary normally lop them in planned manner to maintain supply of fodder for entire winter. Sometimes they go for heavy lopping to extract fodder and also maximum quantity of firewood. Most of such trees are lopped one by one and they go for second lopping in same year for some trees which were lopped in the beginning.
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Ardusa - Ailathus excelsa, a preferred agro-forestry species in Mehsana
Block plantation in a few lines at corner of the field
Cultivation between the lines of Ardusa plantation in Mehsana
Boundary plantation by a farmer
Ardusa nursery
Plant from quality seedlings
Village forest plantation (2010)
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Block plantation of teak in Mehsana district by a farmer, although climate is not very suitable for this species
Private pole sale deport in Mehsana district
Environmental plantation in a school in MehsanaSmall block of Neem plantation raised by a farmer
Irrigated village forest (Plantation 2011) of ArdusaPole selling private depot in Mehsana
Tree line on the boundary of a college compound.
Most of the schools and institutions have raised similar plantations in the district.
36
Cultural forest - Tirthankar Van at Taranga
Egrets resting in an agricultural field near Thol
Dense forest of Deshi babool in Thol Bird Sanctuary
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height above 4.0 m. Neem is an integral part of human life in the area and forms the backbone of rural economy but its true value was never evaluated. It has ecological and economic significance in the region. During drought, government machinery works day and night to supply fodder (grasses) to farmers and cattle breeders in Saurashtra and Kachchh but the story of Mehsana is different due to the presence of good number of Neem trees which provide fodder security to livestock. Neem tree was found present everywhere in good numbers. In Gujarat State, Neem trees dominate in the districts in north, central Gujarat and Saurashtra. Tree enumeration data reveals that perhaps Neem trees have maximum population in Mehsana. This species dominates the areas as about 26.93% counted trees belonged to this species in the district. There were 63.66 lakh Neem trees (63.31 lakh in rural areas and 0.35 lakh in urban areas) with girth class >10 cm, out of total 236.35 lakhs trees in the district. It is an equally known fact that farmers use the Neem leaves as assured fodder (or as green leaf manure in case of farmers not having any cattle, which is not well known phenomena) and woody portion of lops are used as fuel wood. Farmers lop trees twice for stall feeding the cattle. Lopping starts in November and continues till first half of February. One can see abundantly lopped trees in late winter. Normally, very few trees are seen without lopping in winter. In most of the cases, farmers use lopped fodder at their home where cattle are kept. The lopped materials are normally carried by bullock-carts, camel-carts, bi-cycles, head-loads in the villages. Leaves are normally mixed with dry fodder or straw for feeding cattle. This study provides an interesting information about importance of Neem fodder for sustaining animal husbandry, supply of fuel-wood and fertilizer.
Annexure-I: Assessment of value of fodder and fuel-wood extracted through lopping of Neem trees in Mehsana District
(i) Introduction
Trees are backbone of rural economy and ecology, but their contribution is not accounted properly in the state and national economy. Central Statistical Organisation (CSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India first time estimated contribution of tree outside forest (TOF) in term of timber for the year 2008-09. Tree supplies timber, fuel-wood, fodder, fruits, gums and several other produces, including fertilizer to the soil. All these are not accounted in the absence of data. In the recent years, contribution of trees in the rural economy and timber industries has been realized but total contribution is yet to be estimated.
Gujarat is first state in the country which conducts tree survey and enumeration at intervals to estimate growing stock and trend of development of social forestry. The planning for the third counting has been done and works have been initiated in seven districts in first phase. In this exercise, some attempt has been made to account contribution of trees in term of fodder and other produce. To begin with, a small exercise has been conducted in Mehsana district where Neem trees make major contribution to the rural economy in term of fodder, fuel-wood, timber and seeds.
Semi-arid environment of Mehsana district in north Gujarat is ideal for Neem tree, as climate and soil factors suites this species. The largest Neem tree in India-Mahavriksh, having girth (GBH) above 5.20 m is also recorded in Lunawa village in the district. There are several trees in the district which have girth at breast
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also found that about 65% of selected trees are lopped twice and a few thrice. Thus, 1.5 times of the lopped trees were accounted to find out estimate of fodder and fuel-wood which may be marginally on lower side. Lopping was also observed in a few small trees having girth near 45 cm but it was ignored.
It has been observed that entire yield of leaves and fuel wood was not used for the purpose. The leaves contain small twigs and branches which were normally not eaten by the livestock. It is difficult to estimated unused material at the livestock feeding site but application of a correction factor of about 10% may be reasonable to find out the estimation of fodder consumed by the livestock.
(iii) Price for estimating economic contribution
Contribution of fodder: Neem, Deshi baval, Khijado, Ailanthus excelsa etc. are important fodder trees in the district but contribution of Neem in development of animal husbandry is maximum. Acacia nilotica is preferred for goats and camels. Since Neem is most important tree for fodder in the district, its economic contribution has been estimated in this report.
Neem fodder: The average prevailing prices of different kinds of green fodders in the district during 2012 were Rs.3.00 to Rs. 4.00. Neem leaf as fodder is not traded commercially, but whenever some consumers collect leaf fodder from a farmer, it normally cost them Rs. 2.00 or more. The nutritional value of Neem fodder is as good as any other green fodder. Thus, actual price of green Neem fodder should be at least Rs 2.0/kg, but to have a conservative estimate, the value of Rs 1.50/kg has been considered to account contribution of Neem leaves to the economy of farmers.
(ii) Methodology
For valuation of Neem lopping, altogether 35 Neem trees were selected in 3 talukas - Visnagar, Vijapur and Mehsana, in the district in consultation of the farmers. These trees were selected from 11 girth classes ranging from 10 cm to over 300 cm, with 3-5 trees among each girth class. It was found that farmers leave young trees below 45 cm girth, although some farmers do lopping in the lower girth classes also to get some farmers. Fodder yield from small trees is low and also majority of young trees below 45 cm girth are normally not lopped. Trees with lower, middle and higher girths were selected within each girth class. Most of these trees were from the farmer’s field and they were asked to do lopping as they do normally to feed their cattle. Edible leaves with soft twigs were removed to weigh it. The farmers have sustainable use of every part of lopped material. Leaves are used for fodder and woody portion is used for fuel wood and most of medium to large farmers manage their fuel from lopped trees on their farms. The woody parts were allowed to dry for one to one and half month. Weight of dry wood part was taken to find out fuel wood availability from lopped branches.
The survey and collection of data of 500 Neem trees on farm lands of twenty farmers and their settlement sites in three talukas were done. Some of the trees in human settlement and institutional compounds were not lopped. It is assumed that trees in urban areas were not lopped and their contribution in fodder was insignificant. It was also found that certain trees were being left untouched for recouping from lopping affect. All these factors were considered, and estimated that about 83% Neem trees in rural areas were lopped. It was
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(i) Small twigs are not eaten by cattle.
(ii) Many farmers use Neem leaves for other purpose-pala for spreading dry leaves on the floor of the cattle so they pass night comfortably. Finally, it is used as manure or bio fertilisers.
It may be safe to consider three-fourth of the total leave production for fodder and the rest for other uses such as cattle comfort. The leaves used for cattle comfort also have some value. Even if the quantity of leaves use for fodder is little less than two third, the total value may not be affected as every Neem leaf lopped is finally used for bio-fertiliser. However, it may be safe to account three-fourth, say about of total 2850.9 lakh kg for fodder and the rest for pala and manure.
Given the above parameters for estimating at absolute low level, the price of fodder from Neem leaves in the district was valued at about Rs. 42.76 crore and that of fuel-wood at Rs. 67.05 Crores and both put together at about Rs. 109.81 Crores annually. Secondly, as the district is known for its dairy production and milk industry, the said figures has certainly a great bearing and assumes its importance.
Average fodder and fuel yield as a result of lopping of Neem tree is given in a table.
Clarification: As per the FSI (2011), the potential production of fuel-wood from the TOF in Mehsana should be about 1.88 lakh tones. Prosopis juliflora trees and shrubs are cut regularily to supply huge quantity of firewood. Neem trees are lopped every year and they also produce huge quantity of firewood annually.
Fuel wood: Lopped branches, Prosopis shrubs and felling of trees form the source of fuel wood in the villages. In Mehsana district, major part of fuel wood to farmers comes from the lopped material. The average price of fuel-wood in departmental auction in 2012 was Rs 3000/- per tone, although the prevailing price in market was about Rs. 3000 to 4000 per ton (wholesale to retail). Fuel value from small branches may be relatively low. Thus, in this study, the price of fuel-wood from Neem lopping can be conveniently assumed at Rs. 2.25.
Other uses: Small and young branches of Neem is normally used by villagers for Datan (tooth brush) and bundle of Datan is traded in towns and also in some villages. Fruits and seeds of Neem are collected in a large scale for extraction of oil and preparation of manure. The manure prepared from Neem fruit and seeds are also used as insecticides and pesticides. Economy of this is also very strong but not studied in this report. Neem leaves are used locally for health treatment. The local herbal medicines are prepared and used locally. There is a need of evaluating all these values and its contribution to the village economy.
(iv) Result and discussion
Fodder: As per tree counting in 2012, about 35.90 lakh Neem trees in the rural areas have girth above 45 cm. It has been estimated that about 29.80 lakh trees were lopped annually and produced about 38.01 Crore kilograms of green leaves and about 29.8 crores kilogram of dry fuel-wood. The entire green fodder with twigs are not used for fodder. There is need to apply correction factors to estimate green fodder due to following reasons.
40
during drought, it is necessary to take up Neem plantation in wastelands, community lands and private lands in a big way.
Annual production of about 4.47 lakh tones of firewood appears at higher side. Small branches and some of its woody material is used for fencing and other purpose. It is guessed that two third to three fourth of it is used as firewood. Thus, 2.98 lakh tones of firewood is a reasonable assessment.
(v) Inference
Economic contribution in terms of fodder and fuel-wood from lopping of Neem tree has been evaluated in this report but it is not a valuation of total contribution of Neem trees. In Gujarat, about 26.9 Crores trees have growing stock of about 11.8 Crore cubic meter of timber and make an annual contribution of Rs. 4387.70 Crore in the state economy (CSO 2010) in term of timber production. With this logic, about 63.66 lakh Neem trees in Mehsana district may be having an annual contribution of about Rs. 103.84 crore. Thus, the annual contribution of Neem trees in term of fodder, timber and fuel wood may be estimated at least Rs. 213.65 Crores.
The above study and the results thereupon may help to convince authorities to understand the economic and ecological contribution of Neem in the rural economy and ecology. To address fodder problem and also to establish fodder security in Saurashtra and Kachchh
Girth at breast height
Number of trees in
lakh
Green fodder yield/
tree/year (kg)
Green fodder yield/tree/
year (kg)-after correction
factor
Dry fuel yield/tree/
year (kg)
Dry fuel yield/tree/year (kg) after
correction factor
Total green fodder yield
in lakh kg
Total fuel wood (dry) in lakh kg
45-60 cm 7.75 36.42 32.78 46.10 39.19 254.05 303.7261-75 cm 8.16 116.73 105.06 145.08 123.32 857.29 1006.2975-90 cm 8.18 140.88 126.79 171.45 145.73 1037.14 1192.07
90-120 cm 5.89 173.85 156.47 217.76 185.09 921.61 1090.18121-150 cm 3.50 263.25 236.93 314.00 266.90 829.26 934.15151-200 cm 1.75 289.50 260.55 381.00 323.85 455.96 566.74
201 and above
0.67 371.63 334.47 525.38 446.57 224.09 299.20
35.90 - - 4579.4 5392.3583% of above 29.80 - - - 3800.90 4475.65
Note: (i) On an average, about 83 % trees are lopped
(ii) Correction factor: Only three-fourth of the leaf yield has been considered for consumption by the livestock
(iii) Correction factor: Two-third of wood extracted from lopped material is accounted for fuel wood.
41
also carry these materials for cooking their food. It has been found that about 46.6 % of total fire material comes from agricultural waste and 3.3 % from cattle or cow dung. About half (50.1 %) of the total fire material come from wood, woody material extracted from lopping and cutting of branches of shrubs, trees along agricultural fields or from the wasteland or Panchayat lands.
Firewood consumption in kitchens has been declining due to progressive increase in the use of LPG or gas cylinder but poor people and lobourers-large in number continue to maintain high dependency of firewood. Mehsana is progressive district and people do not prefer fuel wood in their kitchen due to health and also due to easy availability of LPG. After comparison with previous wood balance study, it has been found that wood consumption per person may further decline with increase in economic status of people.
Average annual per capita fuel-wood consumption in rural areas was 331.23 kg, which also includes consumption of fuel-wood extracted from shrubs and Prosopis. Although changing economic status and life style are resulting into shift of fuel wood consumption towards LPG, but easy availability of Prosopis chilensis in wastelands, panchayat lands and river systems etc. at free of cost may be reason for marginally higher consumption of fuel wood by poor section of society. In this study, forested and non-forested villages are not separated. Shrub lands, dominated by mainly Prosopis chilensis supply substantial quantity of fuel wood in Mehsana district, specially in Bhecharji taluka.
Agricultural crops provide substantial quantity of firewood in Mehsana district. People grow Tuwar, Makai, Bajara, Juwar, caster and cotton which produce material for fuel wood. Farmers normally use agricultural waste from these crops for firewood. Labourers working in fields
Annexure II: Study on Consumption and production of Firewood
To study wood and timber consumption in Mehsana district, 22 villages were selected in nine talukas. The study was conducted in the year 2012. In these villages, hundred per cent tree counting was done as a part of tree estimation in the district. In each of these villages, eight families-2 big farmers, 2 small farmers, 2 marginal farmers and 2 landless/labourers were selected from different categories. In a few selected villages, number of families interviewed was less than eight as there were no family in some categories. Thus, total 170 families were interviewed under a methodology. The information was collected through participation of families and other villagers to bring accuracy in data. The proforma was designed after discussion and information was collected from the families in the prescribed pro-forma. The analysis of the data has been given as below.
Category Number of families surveyed
Number of people in families
Total annual fuel-wood consumption (kg)
Big farmers 42 331 108728Small farmers 42 298 100681Marginal farmers 44 289 91,896Landless 42 245 83919Total 170 1163 385,224
42
families). Total firewood used in the rural areas in Mehsana district for burning and cremating dead human bodies and burning Holika has been estimated about 18,357,692 kg or 18, 358 tones.
Based on this study, total firewood used in Mehsana district in rural areas for household consumption, cremation etc. has been estimated about 559,209 tones or 5.593 lakh tones. Since firewood export and import is negligible, it is presumed that consumption of firewood in the district is equivalent to its production.
This study has certain limitation and consumption of firewood for the followings have not been estimated.
(i) Migratory labourers working in agriculture sector, constructions and road constructions are dependent on firewood. They purchase firewood from the market or collect wood cutting Prosopis and other such shrubby vegetation. This component was not studied to account firewood consumption by such people.
(ii) Tea stall, Dhaba, small hotels use firewood and charcoal and data related to such economic activities are not collected.
(iii) The Hindus in cities also prefer to use wood for burning dead body. Consumption of wood in urban areas in crematoria has not been estimated in this study.
(iv) Poor people leaving in fringe areas or labourers working in the city consume a good quantity of firewood. This is also not studied.
(v) Brick industries and earthen pot manufacturing units use a good quantity of firewood. Many of these are functioning without permission and they are not registered. This is also not accounted.
Economic value of firewood consumption
As mentioned above, firewood consumption
Rural population in Mehsana district, as per the 2011 census, was 15,13,656 and per person annual consumption about 331.23 kg. Thus, total fuel wood consumption by the house holds in rural areas in Mehsana district may be estimated about 501,368,277 kg, say about 501,368 tones.
Consumption of firewood in urban area has not been studied. In three reports (Wood balance study 1984, Wood balance study 2005 and CSO-2010), per capita annual firewood consumption varies from about 145 kg to 71 kg, depending on size of cities. CSO (2010) estimated a figure of 77 kg. In urban areas in Mehsana, hotels, teal stall, dhabas, migratory labour force and crematoria consume a good quantity of firewood. Thus, a minimum figure of 77 kg per person per year, as reported by the CSO 2010 may be applied to estimate firewood consumption towns and cities in Mehsana. Thus, about 39,583 tones of fire is consumed annually in the urban areas in Mehsana.
Dead body of adult Hindus are burnt but children below age of 14 years are normally buried. Annual death rate of Hindu above 14 years was collected from the district record. The firewood used for burning body in open traditional system and crematoria was also collected. The firewood consumption in crematoria is normally two third of burning in traditional method without using crematoria bed. Data recording burning on crematoria bed and traditional methods were also collected. It has been estimated that about 5,51,200 kg of firewood for cremation of dead Hindu bodies, 3,925 kg of firewood for Holi and Garba festival were used in 22 villages where wood balance study was conducted. Thus, a total quantity of 555,125 kg of firewood was used in 22 villages having population 45,772 individuals (9,172
43
wood input was very high because tractor or truck load of wood for some species contain round timber and firewood. As per practice, the saw mills purchase standing trees and transport entire wood (timber +firewood) at the saw mill, after cutting and logging. Actual quantity of timber can be estimated from the output of sawn timber by presuming conversion per cent of 60-65 %. The estimates reveal that twenty saw mills received about 15,688 cmt meter of local round wood (timber and firewood). The saw mills also indicate a good quantity of sawn timber as a part of inputs to the saw mill, but these are considered exchange among the saw mills. Thus, sawn timber data is ignored in analysis and only round timber is considered as an input material to the saw mills. These twenty saw mills also received 5,757 cmt meter of round and sawn timber from Kandla/Gandhidham which were imported from other countries. Study reveals that 73.1 % timber used by the saw mills was from the villages in the district and the remaining about 26.9 % timber is imported from other countries via Kachchh.
Total local round timber consumed by the saw mills in Mehsana district has been estimated about 107,480 cmt or 1.075 lakh cmt. These saw mills supplied about 64,490 cmt of sawn timber from the local timber species. About 15,290 cubic meter of local round timber, mainly Ardusa was consumed by plywood and veneer industries. Thus, timber industries consume about 122,770 cmt. A small part of the small timber is used in local goods, which was not reflected in their records. Contribution of timber by different local species for saw mills has been estimated. Average percentage of inputs and out puts of local timber in timber industries reveal that Neem has contribution 43.1 %, followed Deshi baval 15.5%, Khijado 10.5 %, Kanji 4.3 %, Ardusa 4.5 %, Eucalyptus 2.7 % and remaining other species 19.4 % in total local timber supply to the saw mills.
was at least 5.593 lakh tones in 2012 in rural areas. Auction price of fuel wood was Rs 3,500 to Rs. 4,000 per tone on firewood shop. The latest firewood auction price in Mehsana Forest Depot was just over 3,000 per tone and this rate has been applied to estimate economic contribution. Thus, economic contribution of trees including wood shrubs may be estimated at least Rs 167.79 crore.
Annexure III: Timber consumption and production, and timber industries in Mehsana
As mentioned in annexure II, total 170 families were surveyed to estimate house hold timber consumption. Requirement of timber for repairing old house, construction of new house, preparation of new furniture, timber required for agricultural and other implement were collected. It was found that one family having member of seven persons requires on an average about 0.644 cmt timber/year. In other words, per capita annual requirement of timber in rural area was about 0.09198 cmt. Annual house-holds consumption of timber in rural areas of Mehsana was estimated about 140,880 cmt. Similarly, about 16,22,110 poles and 17,270 bamboos were consumed in the villages. The poles used in construction activities were not accounted.
There are 281 saw mills, 4 veneer and veneer cum plywood industries, 20 plywood industries and 1 particle board industries in the district. In all, this district has total 306 timber based industries and majority of the timber inputs to these industries are from private farms/agro-forestry plantations.
Twenty saw mills and three plywood and veneer industries were selected to study timber consumption pattern by the timber industries. From saw mills input and output of timber of different species were prepared and data was collected for the two years-2010-11 and 2011-12. Data for local timber and exported timber were collected separately. Quantity of round
44
Annexure IV: Annual economic contribution of tooth brushing stick (tooth cleaning stick) of Neem and Deshi babool
In rural areas, people normally use Neem or Deshi babool sticks for cleaning or mouth brushing every morning. Sticks of these species are also marketed in some areas. As per a survey, price of a stick varies from 40 paise to 70 paise, depending on season and location. The market rate of Deshi baval sticks is higher than Neem’s stick because people prefer it. Marketing of Deshi babool stick is more prevalent while Neem is generally collected locally.
A survey in 22 villages in nine talukas revealed that 31.53% villagers use such sticks. About 60 people use Deshi baval tooth stick and the rest of people use Neem’s sticks. In the past, majority of people were dependent on such stick to clean their tooth and mouth in morning. With improvement in economic condition and life style, people are shifting their preference towards tooth paste, although it is believed that Neem and Deshi baval tooth brush are good for healthy teeth. Some of the people are totally dependent on Neem and Deshi babool stick and some people use both-tooth paste and sticks. People in the villages have a belief that use of Neem or Deshi babool strengthen their teeth and strengthen general health of teeth. It has been found in this study that 4.77 lakh rural people, out of 15.14 lakh rural population use Neem and Deshi babool sticks. It is also presumed that the use of such sticks is very less in urban areas and its contribution in the economic activities is not accounted in this study. If we assume a minimum price of 35 paise for a Neem stick and 55 paise for Deshi babool stick, the annual value of the tooth sticks may be at least Rs 8.59 crore (Rs. 2.54 crore for Neem stick +Rs. 6.05 Crore for Deshi babool).
Annexure V: Carbon store in Tree Cover
As per the estimation of Carbon store in the tree cover in India, on an average (statistical), a tree store about 207 kg Carbon, although this depend on sise of tree. Also, the Carbon sequstration rate per tree may be estimated about 7.86 kg per tree. If this norms are applied to the trees in Mehsana district, the total Carbon store in the tree cover in Mehsana district may be estimated about 48.93 lakh Carbon tonesand annual carbon sequestration rate by the standing trees may be in range of about 1.86 lakh Carbon tones.
In Mehsana district, tree population has increased at rate of about 2.49 lakh trees/year. This implies that increased number of trees normally add net Carbon storage of about 0.52 Lakh Carbon tone. In other world, value of net annual addition of Carbon in tree cover due to annual increase in number of tree may be higher than the total expenditure of the Social Forestry Division in Mehsana district.
45
Anne
xure
- VI
Tree
Cen
sus-
2012
Talu
ka w
ise
abst
ract
- N
on fo
rest
rura
l are
a - M
ehsa
na
Sr.
No.
Name
of
Taluk
aNo
. of
Villag
es
Total
Po
pulati
on
in Ta
luka
Total
Area
in
Taluk
a (H
a.)
Total
Fo
rest
Area
in
Taluk
a (H
a.)
Total
Ur
ban a
rea
(Ha.)
Total
Non
Fo
rest
and
Rural
Area
in
Taluk
a (H
a.)
No. o
f se
lected
vil
lage f
or
Tree
Cens
us
Total
Ge
ograp
hical
Area
of al
l the
selec
ted vi
llage
for
Tree
Cens
us
(Ha.)
Tree P
opula
tion i
n Villa
ges
Total
Tree
s in
Non
-Fore
st ru
ral Ar
ea in
th
e dist
rict
Scatt
ered
Tr
ees
Orch
ards
Tree
sDe
partm
ental
Pla
ntati
onTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
15
1M
ehsa
na11
652
6037
8326
40
3200
8006
44
2610
1151
314
0764
1524
016
7517
5138
728
2Vij
apur
6425
4228
5721
587
534
855
992
431
4733
248
1372
5636
2517
4129
3098
135
3Va
dnag
ar44
1454
2031
223
042
8726
936
426
8330
634
8761
873
3812
5590
1260
862
4Be
chara
ji51
9955
839
982
00
3998
24
2416
6383
525
902
1100
510
0742
1667
163
5Vis
naga
r59
2627
6648
467
079
047
677
433
2765
101
1244
1838
1619
3335
2770
554
6Ka
di12
034
1530
8309
80
1500
8159
84
3615
4669
613
1106
5895
1836
9741
4642
07
Khera
lu52
1332
0933
424
035
033
074
413
2510
713
8694
061
4710
3800
2591
005
8Sa
tlasa
na73
8949
830
833
6300
024
533
371
415
168
3073
866
046
566
1600
005
9Un
jha32
1754
8131
770
035
1528
255
427
0958
383
6031
114
4512
0139
1253
056
Total
611
2027
727
4392
7671
7513
990
4181
1135
2254
633
5291
8250
5355
171
1215
515
2352
5928
46
Anne
xure
- VI
ISp
ecie
s wis
e an
d G
irth-
wis
e tr
ees i
n U
rban
are
asSr.
No
.Tre
e Spe
cies
Girth
- clas
ses
10-30
cm31
-45 c
m 46
-60 cm
61-75
cm76
-90 cm
90-12
0 cm
121-1
50
cm15
1-200
cm
201-2
50
cm
251-3
00
cm> 3
00 cm
Total
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
1Aa
l - M
orind
a tom
entos
a2
5872
3523
52
00
00
197
2An
drak
h - An
noge
issus
seric
ea0
00
00
00
00
00
03
Agth
io - S
esba
niagr
andifl
ora
00
02
88
00
00
018
4M
ango
- Man
gifera
indic
a12
963
9974
9312
470
4336
90
740
5Am
la - E
mblic
a offic
lanis
526
257
108
3817
144
00
00
964
6An
jan - H
ardw
ikia b
innata
00
00
00
00
00
00
7An
jir - F
icus c
arica
118
33
20
00
00
027
8An
kol -
Alang
ium sa
lvifol
ium0
00
00
00
00
00
09
Ardu
sa - A
ilenth
us ex
celsa
600
644
612
582
397
353
170
9637
137
3511
10Ar
itha -
Sapin
dus e
marg
inatu
s0
00
20
00
10
00
311
Arjun
sada
d - Te
rmina
lia ar
juna
14
67
131
00
00
032
12As
an - B
eideli
a retu
sa0
00
00
00
00
00
013
Asita
ro - B
auhin
ia rec
emos
a2
12
00
00
00
00
514
Asho
k - Sa
raca
indic
a1
613
10
00
00
00
2115
Asop
alav -
Polya
lthia
longif
olia
4244
2539
1695
1110
648
383
117
82
00
1074
616
Bada
m - T
ermina
lia ca
tappa
463
528
375
260
209
9712
10
00
1945
17Ba
heda
- Term
inalia
belle
rica
12
00
00
00
00
03
18Ba
kaml
imdo
- Meli
a aza
dirac
h18
615
056
3316
1310
20
00
466
19Ba
ngali
bava
l - Ac
acia
auric
ulifor
mis
137
52
12
00
00
030
20Bh
ilamo
- Sem
ecar
pus a
naca
rdium
00
00
00
00
00
00
21Bil
i - Ae
gle m
arme
los14
954
3629
198
10
00
029
622
Bord
i - Ziz
yphu
s mau
ritian
a68
022
597
4935
170
01
00
1104
23Bo
rselli
- Mim
usop
s elen
gi38
712
353
1815
1210
40
00
622
24Bo
ttle b
rush
- Call
istem
on ci
trinu
s30
1718
510
102
10
10
9425
Buch
/Aka
sh ne
em - M
illing
tonia
horen
sis12
21
23
41
10
00
2626
Cham
po - M
icheli
a cha
mpac
a48
315
987
4311
43
00
00
790
47
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sGi
rth - c
lasse
s10
-30 cm
31-45
cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm90
-120
cm12
1-150
cm
151-2
00
cm20
1-250
cm
25
1-300
cm
> 300
cmTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
27Ch
anda
n - Sa
ntalum
albu
m60
66
32
11
11
11
8328
Charo
li - Bu
chan
ania
lanza
n0
00
00
00
00
00
029
Chiko
o - Ac
rus s
apota
506
249
9135
58
00
00
089
430
Desh
i bav
al - A
cacia
niloti
ca27
151
166
158
543
235
311
233
71
029
6631
Dham
an - G
rewia
tiliae
folia
10
01
00
00
00
02
32Dh
avad
o - An
ogeis
sus la
tifoli
a0
00
00
00
00
00
033
Dhek
i - Dio
spyro
s cor
difoli
a0
00
00
00
00
00
034
Fana
s - Ar
tocar
pus h
etero
phyll
us10
610
00
00
00
00
7135
Gand
o bav
al - P
roso
pis ch
ilens
is20
8915
8593
543
625
210
213
30
00
5415
36Ga
rmad
o - Ca
ssia fi
stula
259
130
124
3727
72
22
11
592
37Gl
irisidi
a - G
liricid
ia se
pium
00
00
00
00
00
00
38Gu
gal -
Comm
iphor
a wigh
tii0
00
00
00
00
00
039
Gorad
- Aca
cia se
nega
l0
00
00
00
00
00
040
Goras
amli -
Pith
ecell
obium
dulce
120
133
139
9257
4311
55
00
605
41Gu
lmoh
ar - D
elonix
regia
549
374
276
192
6776
1610
10
015
6142
Gund
a - Co
rdia
dicho
toma
9799
8146
3038
147
00
041
243
Gund
i - Co
rdia
ghar
af51
2933
1416
64
31
10
158
44Ha
ldu - A
dina c
ordif
olia
02
33
00
00
00
08
45Ha
rde -
Term
inalia
cheb
ula0
00
00
00
00
00
046
Herm
o - A.
leuc
ophlo
ea0
00
00
00
00
00
047
Heplo
fegma
00
00
00
00
00
00
48Ind
ravjav
- Hlar
rhen
a pub
esce
ns0
00
00
00
00
00
049
Ingor
iyo - B
alanit
es ae
gypti
aca
00
00
00
00
00
00
50Isr
ael b
aval
- A. to
rtalis
213
125
146
114
5937
174
00
071
551
Jambu
- Syzy
gium
cumi
ni32
625
126
319
018
618
049
162
00
1463
52Jam
fal - P
sidium
guaja
va21
110
033
188
82
00
00
380
53Ka
chna
r - Ba
uhini
a sp
82
00
00
00
00
010
54Ka
dam
- Mich
alia c
hamp
aca
21
01
12
00
00
07
55Ka
dayo
- Ster
culia
uren
s2
20
00
00
00
00
4
48
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sGi
rth - c
lasse
s10
-30 cm
31-45
cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm90
-120
cm12
1-150
cm
151-2
00
cm20
1-250
cm
25
1-300
cm
> 300
cmTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
56Ka
dipatt
a - M
urra
ya ko
enigi
i13
78
44
21
10
00
4057
Kaju
- Ana
card
ium oc
ciden
tale
00
00
13
00
00
04
58Ka
kad -
Gag
ua pi
nnata
00
00
00
00
00
00
59Ka
lam - M
itrag
yna p
arvif
olia
00
00
00
00
00
00
60Ka
la dh
au - A
noge
issus
pend
ula0
00
32
01
00
00
661
Kanji
- Holo
ptelia
integ
rifoli
a44
659
857
444
133
928
220
494
228
530
1362
Kapo
k - Ce
iba pe
ntand
ra4
148
713
22
00
00
5063
Karam
adi -
Caris
sa co
njesta
0
20
00
00
00
00
264
Karan
j - Po
ngam
ia pin
nata
678
458
411
257
237
171
4819
62
122
8865
Kasid
- Cas
ia sia
mea
312
429
311
195
108
8921
60
00
1471
66Ke
rda -
Capp
aris d
ecidu
a14
66
00
10
00
00
2767
Khair
- Aca
cia ca
techu
00
00
01
10
00
02
68Kh
ajuri -
Phoe
nix da
ctylife
ra10
722
57
513
103
01
017
369
Khak
haro
- Bute
a mon
ospe
rma
44
10
01
00
00
010
70Kh
arek -
Phoe
inix t
omen
tosa
00
00
00
00
00
00
71Kh
ati am
li - Ta
marin
dus in
dica
4575
6868
2523
1427
1512
1238
472
Khija
do/sa
mi - P
roso
pis ci
nera
ria26
251
268
555
137
732
412
655
125
129
1073
Kaije
lia - K
igelia
afric
ana
156
20
10
02
50
20
168
74Ko
thi -
Limon
ia ac
idissi
ma1
00
01
21
00
00
575
Kudi/
Dudh
i - W
righti
tincto
ria0
00
00
00
00
00
076
Kusu
m - S
chlei
chera
aleo
sa0
00
00
00
00
00
077
Limbo
o - Ci
trus a
uran
tium
2202
7221
106
239
00
00
2343
78Lim
do - A
zadir
achta
indic
a51
8753
0458
2649
7748
2046
0020
8216
0254
620
085
3522
979
Mah
udo -
Mad
huca
indic
a12
78
35
166
101
01
6980
Mile
tia - M
illetia
pegu
ensis
00
00
00
00
00
00
81Pil
oo m
ithija
r - Sa
lvado
ra ol
eoide
s35
102
197
175
7011
154
197
61
777
82Na
god -
Vitex
negu
ndo
3215
21
00
00
00
050
83Na
riyali
- Coc
us nu
cifera
129
122
5865
6184
329
10
056
184
Nilgi
ri - Eu
calyp
tus s
p96
8486
105
9710
455
183
10
649
49
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sGi
rth - c
lasse
s10
-30 cm
31-45
cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm90
-120
cm12
1-150
cm
151-2
00
cm20
1-250
cm
25
1-300
cm
> 300
cmTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
85Pa
ras pi
plo - T
hesp
esia
popu
lnea
3536
1531
2125
2824
159
624
586
Parija
t - N
yctan
thus
arbo
rtisti
s96
2410
51
10
00
00
137
87Pa
rkiya
00
00
00
00
00
00
88Ra
mbav
al - P
arkin
sonia
acule
ata3
31
01
20
00
00
1089
Peltr
oform
- Pelt
rofor
um fe
rrugin
ieum
774
569
304
187
139
166
4323
91
022
1590
Piloo
khari
jar - S
alvad
ora p
ersica
1545
4836
2348
6241
319
035
891
Pinke
cia - C
assia
java
nica
5460
4817
1310
00
00
020
292
Pipal
- Ficu
s tsil
a10
418
421
919
717
523
413
812
725
133
1419
93Pip
alo - F
icus r
eligio
sa47
8586
8469
100
5851
3019
863
794
Pong
aro - E
rythr
ina sp
22
00
00
00
00
04
95Pu
tranji
va - D
rypete
s rox
burg
hi8
02
00
00
00
01
1196
Raga
t roh
ido - T
ecom
ella u
ndula
ta0
00
00
10
00
00
197
Rain
tree -
Sama
nea s
aman
41
01
00
00
00
06
98Re
d San
dal -
Ptero
carp
us sa
ntalin
us0
00
00
00
00
00
099
Ramf
al - A
nnon
a mur
icata
30
00
00
00
00
03
100
Rang
oon b
adam
- 0
00
00
00
00
00
010
1Ra
yan -
Man
ilkar
a hex
andr
a44
912
57
73
40
02
9310
2Ro
yan -
Soym
ida fe
brifu
ga0
21
11
00
00
10
610
3Ru
bber
tree
- Ficu
s sp
72
20
00
00
00
011
104
Rukh
ado -
Adins
onia
digita
ta0
00
00
00
00
00
010
5Sa
dad -
Term
inalia
tome
ntosa
2212
56
43
00
00
052
106
Safed
siru
s - Al
bizia
proc
era0
01
00
01
00
00
210
7Te
ak - T
ecton
a gra
ndis
144
6930
1816
00
00
00
277
108
Salai
- Bos
wellia
serra
ta0
00
00
00
00
00
010
9Sa
ndes
aro - D
elonix
elata
84
10
00
00
00
013
110
Sapt
parn
i - Als
tonia
scholo
ris64
716
512
158
195
21
00
010
1811
1Sa
rgavo
- Mor
inga o
leiera
203
278
206
164
113
9323
157
00
1102
112
Sharu
- Cas
uarin
a equ
isetif
olia
494
102
4331
159
10
00
069
511
3Se
tur -
Mor
us al
ba21
911
818
115
51
00
00
377
50
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sGi
rth - c
lasse
s10
-30 cm
31-45
cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm90
-120
cm12
1-150
cm
151-2
00
cm20
1-250
cm
25
1-300
cm
> 300
cmTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
114
Seva
n - G
melin
a arb
orea
340
323
165
101
5919
41
00
010
1211
5Sh
ikaka
i - Ac
acia
sinua
ta0
00
00
00
00
00
011
6Sh
isam
- Dalb
ergia
latifol
ia0
10
10
00
00
00
211
7Sim
lo - B
ombe
x ceib
a25
84
22
11
00
00
4311
8Sir
us - A
lbizia
lebb
ek93
7571
4856
4616
205
13
434
119
Sisoo
- Dalb
ergia
sisoo
4619
225
53
31
00
010
412
0Sit
afal -
Anno
na sq
uamo
sa22
433
83
10
00
00
026
912
1Sh
ivling
i - Co
urou
pita g
uiane
nsis
00
00
00
00
00
00
122
Sopa
ri - Ar
eca c
atech
u0
00
00
00
00
00
012
3Sp
athod
ia - S
path
odea
indic
a5
00
00
00
00
00
512
4Su
bava
l - Le
ucae
na le
ucoc
epha
la67
051
832
315
563
385
10
11
1775
125
Tad -
Bora
ssus fl
abell
ifer
00
65
17
10
00
020
126
Tana
chh -
Desm
odium
oojen
nens
is0
00
00
00
00
00
012
7Te
ntu -
Orox
ylum
indicu
m0
00
00
00
00
00
012
8Tim
ru - D
iospy
ros m
elano
xylon
10
01
00
00
00
02
129
Umaro
- Ficu
s glom
erata
3821
3431
1041
1512
20
120
513
0Un
t mor
ad - S
uaed
a sp
00
00
00
00
00
00
131
Vad -
Ficu
s ben
ghale
nsis
4152
6249
7695
7195
4823
1963
113
2Va
yvarn
o - Cr
ateva
adan
soii
00
00
00
00
00
00
133
Man
vel b
ambo
o - De
ndro
calam
us st
rictu
s9
00
00
00
00
00
913
4Ka
ntas b
ambo
o - Ba
mbus
a aru
ndina
cea
523
20
10
00
00
058
135
Viklo
- May
tensu
s sen
egale
nsis
00
00
00
00
00
00
136
Ghatb
or - Z
iziph
us ca
racu
tta0
00
00
00
00
00
013
7Du
dhalo
- Wrig
htia a
rbor
ea0
00
00
00
00
00
013
8Dh
au - A
noge
issus
pend
ula0
00
00
00
00
00
013
9Da
dam
- Pun
ica gr
anata
m61
72
10
20
00
00
7314
0M
indha
l - Xe
romp
his sp
inosa
10
00
00
00
00
01
141
Panir
vo - E
rythr
ina va
riega
ta1
00
00
00
00
00
114
2Ra
vana
- Hyp
haen
e ind
ica0
00
00
00
00
00
0
51
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sGi
rth - c
lasse
s10
-30 cm
31-45
cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm90
-120
cm12
1-150
cm
151-2
00
cm20
1-250
cm
25
1-300
cm
> 300
cmTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
143
Sank
hedo
00
00
00
00
00
00
144
Aghe
do - A
chyra
nthes
aspe
ra0
00
00
00
00
00
014
5Biy
o - Pt
eroca
rpus
mor
supiu
m0
00
00
00
00
00
014
6Va
rakhd
o - Sa
lvado
ra pe
rsica
1825
2528
1325
258
00
016
714
7Te
chom
a - Te
coma
stan
s58
239
182
02
00
00
064
314
8M
itho l
imdo
- Mur
raya
koen
igii
386
115
3620
44
00
00
056
514
9Ale
di - M
orind
a pub
esce
ns0
00
00
00
00
00
015
0Sa
mdi -
Pros
opis c
inera
ria0
00
00
00
00
00
015
1Ru
drak
sh - E
laeoc
arpu
s sph
aeric
us1
00
00
00
00
00
115
2Um
bh - M
iliusa
tome
ntosa
00
00
00
00
00
00
153
Rijad
o - Ac
acia
leuco
phloe
a0
00
00
00
00
00
015
4Bo
dar -
Lage
stroe
mia p
arvifl
ora
00
00
00
00
00
00
155
Aniya
r - Ac
acia
tomen
tosa
5365
2425
165
20
10
019
115
6M
odad
- Lan
nea c
orom
ande
lica
00
00
00
00
00
00
157
Kilai
- Albi
zia pr
ocera
00
00
00
00
00
00
158
Pend
ula - P
olyalt
hia lo
ngifo
lia Th
w.va
r pe
ndula
895
748
308
353
130
2117
20
00
2474
159
Othe
rs31
0457
149
530
412
791
5317
130
047
75To
tal32
009
2073
517
182
1291
810
019
8877
3885
2552
894
341
159
1095
71
52
Anne
xure
- VI
IISp
ecie
s wis
e an
d G
irth-
wis
e tr
ees i
n Ru
ral a
reas
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sGi
rth - c
lasse
s10
-30 cm
31-45
cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm90
-120 c
m12
1-150
cm
151-2
00
cm20
1-250
cm
25
1-300
cm
> 300
cmTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
1Aa
l - M
orind
a tom
entos
a0
00
00
00
00
00
02
Andr
akh -
Anno
geiss
us se
ricea
00
00
00
00
00
00
3Ag
thio
- Ses
bania
gran
diflor
a0
033
868
6827
120
313
50
00
1083
4M
ango
- Man
gifera
indic
a24
946
2766
525
311
1655
618
229
8385
5889
9798
6361
2815
1614
5971
5Am
la - E
mblic
a offic
lanis
1144
8349
506
5944
218
270
7520
652
00
00
024
9873
6An
jan - H
ardw
ikia b
innata
00
00
00
00
00
00
7An
jir - F
icus c
arica
024
00
9286
024
531
00
069
48
Anko
l - Ala
ngium
salvi
folium
929
1513
2007
561
275
137
320
100
00
5752
9Ar
dusa
- Aile
nthus
exce
lsa77
8456
4361
3737
4720
2540
9517
6665
2567
8515
5787
8743
2376
182
1024
4395
610
Arith
a - Sa
pindu
s ema
rgina
tus
5856
340
010
00
00
015
811
Arjun
sada
d - Te
rmina
lia ar
juna
1111
406
255
163
8414
3838
9493
918
00
8308
12As
an - B
eideli
a retu
sa0
00
00
00
00
00
013
Asita
ro - B
auhin
ia rec
emos
a11
7959
954
939
930
012
50
00
00
3151
14As
hok -
Sara
ca in
dica
1073
1579
440
920
00
00
00
3184
15As
opala
v - Po
lyalth
ia lon
gifoli
a24
234
1059
513
860
1293
037
3415
1633
599
00
067
303
16Ba
dam
- Term
inalia
catap
pa15
126
6014
7204
6072
6065
5307
2292
018
00
4809
817
Bahe
da - T
ermina
lia be
lleric
a17
160
00
00
00
00
3318
Baka
mlim
do - M
elia a
zadir
ach
3305
2110
1195
809
321
482
00
00
082
2219
Bang
ali ba
val -
Acac
ia au
riculi
formi
s75
330
00
00
00
00
108
20Bh
ilamo
- Sem
ecar
pus a
naca
rdium
00
00
00
00
00
00
21Bil
i - Ae
gle m
arme
los95
3929
9037
5139
2730
1021
4118
8037
00
027
275
22Bo
rdi -
Zizyp
hus m
auriti
ana
6233
0021
8542
1144
4650
740
1775
411
383
826
358
142
00
1037
491
23Bo
rselli
- Mim
usop
s elen
gi11
350
2012
1943
904
380
610
00
00
1665
024
Bottl
e bru
sh - C
allist
emon
citri
nus
113
483
680
00
00
00
066
425
Buch
/Aka
sh ne
em - M
illing
tonia
horen
sis34
929
925
010
050
00
250
00
1073
53
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sGi
rth - c
lasse
s10
-30 cm
31-45
cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm90
-120 c
m12
1-150
cm
151-2
00
cm20
1-250
cm
25
1-300
cm
> 300
cmTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
26Ch
ampo
- Mich
elia c
hamp
aca
6660
1499
1258
735
245
00
00
00
1039
727
Chan
dan -
Santa
lum al
bum
7137
230
3425
3125
00
00
074
8228
Charo
li - Bu
chan
ania
lanza
n31
310
3343
2914
00
00
00
6319
29Ch
ikoo -
Acru
s sap
ota65
051
9022
948
644
1915
137
4780
00
00
022
6902
30De
shi b
aval
- Aca
cia ni
lotica
8124
6820
6810
1874
8814
9195
1448
4720
7181
1912
5644
012
1625
939
714
1959
927
31Dh
aman
- Grew
ia tili
aefol
ia0
00
644
1074
920
00
00
1810
32Dh
avad
o - An
ogeis
sus la
tifoli
a0
00
00
00
00
00
033
Dhek
i - Dio
spyro
s cor
difoli
a0
00
00
00
00
00
034
Fana
s - Ar
tocar
pus h
etero
phyll
us0
00
00
00
00
00
035
Gand
o bav
al - P
roso
pis ch
ilens
is18
5847
442
9362
1843
5156
543
2875
718
726
7240
1193
9539
025
8478
036
Garm
ado -
Cassi
a fistu
la17
606
4843
4589
6026
4292
1533
384
00
00
3927
337
Gliris
idia -
Gliri
cidia
sepiu
m0
00
00
00
00
00
038
Guga
l - Co
mmiph
ora w
ightii
900
00
00
00
00
090
39Go
rad - A
cacia
sene
gal
533
030
00
00
00
00
563
40Go
ras am
li - Pi
thec
ellob
ium du
lce40
336
2280
021
430
1475
910
369
4467
1392
4434
00
1156
3141
Gulm
ohar
- Delo
nix re
gia11
730
8164
7534
1010
855
4039
5338
157
00
3347
500
42Gu
nda -
Cord
ia dic
hotom
a23
556
1386
015
641
1192
813
453
5950
1917
109
00
086
414
43Gu
ndi -
Cord
ia gh
araf
6053
722
785
2019
611
525
9229
4434
2942
580
00
1317
0644
Haldu
- Adin
a cor
difoli
a0
00
00
00
00
00
045
Hard
e - Te
rmina
lia ch
ebula
7853
170
00
00
00
00
7870
46He
rmo -
A. le
ucop
hloea
061
9212
331
00
00
00
307
47He
plofeg
ma0
00
00
00
00
00
048
Indrav
jav - H
larrh
ena p
ubes
cens
00
00
00
00
00
00
49Ing
oriyo
- Bala
nites
aegy
ptiac
a31
0450
2513
5058
335
531
00
310
010
479
50Isr
ael b
aval
- A. to
rtalis
3039
6715
4604
1595
0214
3441
1208
8261
243
4091
017
4514
453
098
6491
51Jam
bu - S
yzygiu
m cu
mini
2787
116
041
1575
526
226
3666
640
995
4189
118
947
303
6950
2248
1452
Jamfal
- Psid
ium gu
ajava
4885
455
079
3272
249
9875
037
510
20
00
014
2880
53Ka
chna
r - Ba
uhini
a sp
00
00
00
00
00
00
54
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sGi
rth - c
lasse
s10
-30 cm
31-45
cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm90
-120 c
m12
1-150
cm
151-2
00
cm20
1-250
cm
25
1-300
cm
> 300
cmTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
54Ka
dam
- Mich
alia c
hamp
aca
00
00
00
00
00
00
55Ka
dayo
- Ster
culia
uren
s30
200
00
00
00
00
5056
Kadip
atta -
Mur
raya
koen
igii
693
610
031
310
00
00
816
57Ka
ju - A
naca
rdium
occid
ental
e0
00
00
00
00
00
058
Kaka
d - G
agua
pinn
ata0
00
00
00
00
00
059
Kalam
- Mitr
agyn
a par
vifoli
a0
00
00
00
00
00
060
Kala
dhau
- Ano
geiss
us pe
ndula
4707
3797
2973
172
690
00
00
011
718
61Ka
nji - H
olopte
liaint
egrif
olia
3056
4516
2203
2135
5016
9734
1548
9420
3433
9271
960
472
9139
1205
172
1373
166
62Ka
pok -
Ceiba
penta
ndra
174
5013
510
075
250
00
00
559
63Ka
ramad
i - Ca
rissa
conje
sta
00
00
00
00
00
00
64Ka
ranj -
Pong
amia
pinna
ta44
243
1644
816
207
7180
2611
021
156
6780
335
8322
1613
8580
65Ka
sid - C
asia
siame
a15
726
1043
011
362
1379
210
169
6264
890
118
100
068
761
66Ke
rda -
Capp
aris d
ecidu
a11
6678
1280
714
035
1080
610
310
010
00
015
4449
67Kh
air - A
cacia
catec
hu31
3131
00
030
00
00
123
68Kh
ajuri -
Phoe
nix da
ctylife
ra11
324
317
0713
8614
5857
825
944
00
057
8869
Khak
haro
- Bute
a mon
ospe
rma
934
1101
1913
1424
5050
00
00
054
7270
Khare
k - Ph
oeini
x tom
entos
a0
502
502
502
502
251
251
00
00
2510
71Kh
ati am
li - Ta
marin
dus in
dica
6504
3005
3138
4715
5601
3738
2486
3792
2204
279
9435
556
72Kh
ijado
/sami
- Pro
sopis
cine
raria
4357
8618
3282
2028
6718
2998
1408
1032
4442
1170
1530
628
8900
1358
272
1628
358
73Ka
ijelia
- Kige
lia af
rican
a0
113
106
169
182
155
089
00
081
474
Koth
i - Lim
onia
acidi
ssima
677
519
1445
893
568
3459
250
00
4220
75Ku
di/Du
dhi -
Wrig
hti tin
ctoria
6838
9896
3436
1786
2268
1031
00
00
025
255
76Ku
sum
- Sch
leich
era al
eosa
00
00
00
00
00
00
77Lim
boo -
Citru
s aur
antiu
m25
0419
2309
8620
3968
4059
932
6227
269
00
00
7295
7578
Limdo
- Aza
dirac
hta in
dica
1932
920
8094
2377
4508
8164
4381
7643
5887
0634
9627
1748
0451
465
1326
922
5463
3106
279
Mah
udo -
Mad
huca
indic
a30
7211
5512
4116
7718
0018
7528
0221
1673
639
513
617
005
80M
iletia
- Mille
tia pe
guen
sis0
00
00
00
00
00
081
Piloo
mith
ijar -
Salva
dora
oleo
ides
1032
2127
245
2168
452
614
3086
144
171
4893
228
003
1952
214
065
226
3905
44
55
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sGi
rth - c
lasse
s10
-30 cm
31-45
cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm90
-120 c
m12
1-150
cm
151-2
00
cm20
1-250
cm
25
1-300
cm
> 300
cmTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
82Na
god -
Vitex
negu
ndo
408
305
263
153
310
00
00
011
6083
Nariy
ali - C
ocus
nucif
era47
641
474
087
537
014
211
969
00
032
0584
Nilgi
ri - Eu
calyp
tus s
p31
933
3565
927
285
3310
920
111
5665
1077
00
00
1548
3985
Paras
piplo
- The
spes
ia po
pulne
a10
2747
3316
160
00
00
149
86Pa
rijat -
Nyc
tanth
us ar
borti
stis
1378
297
129
123
00
00
00
019
2787
Parki
ya0
00
00
00
00
00
088
Ramb
aval
- Par
kinso
nia ac
uleata
030
200
00
00
00
050
89Pe
ltrofo
rm - P
eltro
forum
ferru
ginieu
m13
684
1051
463
1138
9657
0217
1470
817
211
60
042
817
90Pil
oo kh
arijar
- Salv
ador
a pers
ica89
647
2354
145
753
3809
224
786
5715
939
248
2003
113
793
2093
254
3543
9791
Pinke
cia - C
assia
java
nica
8102
410
968
1343
311
597
5950
4872
930
710
9230
012
9606
92Pip
al - F
icus t
sila
1943
1345
2774
3467
3552
4523
2510
1839
727
6541
2278
693
Pipalo
- Ficu
s reli
giosa
312
660
981
1014
1165
700
755
1128
290
238
361
7604
94Po
ngaro
- Eryt
hrina
sp31
00
00
00
00
00
3195
Putra
njiva
- Dryp
etes r
oxbu
rghi
00
00
00
00
00
00
96Ra
gat r
ohido
- Tec
omell
a und
ulata
2331
2107
1329
699
369
2083
519
125
00
095
6297
Rain
tree -
Sama
nea s
aman
1751
6715
360
160
00
00
1687
98Re
d San
dal -
Ptero
carp
us sa
ntalin
us0
00
00
00
00
00
099
Ramf
al - A
nnon
a mur
icata
034
6934
00
00
00
013
710
0Ra
ngoo
n bad
am -
00
00
00
00
00
00
101
Raya
n - M
anilk
ara h
exan
dra
288
320
206
467
721
2520
2762
2100
2981
1452
417
1423
410
2Ro
yan -
Soym
ida fe
brifu
ga0
00
3489
135
5020
1020
035
810
3Ru
bber
tree
- Ficu
s sp
00
00
00
00
00
00
104
Rukh
ado -
Adins
onia
digita
ta69
939
924
925
025
015
050
250
250
2097
105
Sada
d - Te
rmina
lia to
mento
sa16
815
9815
3418
8640
441
554
256
00
066
0310
6Sa
fed si
rus -
Albiz
ia pr
ocera
215
6113
869
3417
234
344
034
011
0110
7Te
ak - T
ecton
a gra
ndis
3116
539
5850
3736
1016
3481
533
40
00
046
553
108
Salai
- Bos
wellia
serra
ta0
00
00
00
00
00
010
9Sa
ndes
aro - D
elonix
elata
4913
2873
1343
1030
158
271
3510
100
010
643
56
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sGi
rth - c
lasse
s10
-30 cm
31-45
cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm90
-120 c
m12
1-150
cm
151-2
00
cm20
1-250
cm
25
1-300
cm
> 300
cmTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
110
Sapt
parn
i - Als
tonia
scholo
ris36
282
6712
6677
710
158
00
00
00
5053
911
1Sa
rgavo
- Mor
inga o
leiera
2407
611
159
9097
1131
989
9620
2285
941
100
067
579
112
Sharu
- Cas
uarin
a equ
isetif
olia
1906
733
1262
442
9911
00
00
044
5311
3Se
tur -
Mor
us al
ba57
825
2397
413
772
6194
1940
206
00
00
010
3911
114
Seva
n - G
melin
a arb
orea
2723
592
6273
1226
8914
3042
420
30
00
048
555
115
Shika
kai -
Acac
ia sin
uata
00
00
00
00
00
00
116
Shisa
m - D
alberg
ia lati
folia
00
00
00
00
00
00
117
Simlo
- Bom
bex c
eiba
768
369
216
9928
50
00
00
017
3711
8Sir
us - A
lbizia
lebb
ek29
563
8689
6293
5454
7105
6354
3391
872
458
890
6826
811
9Sis
oo - D
alberg
ia sis
oo16
837
2381
3064
2137
1328
1115
539
118
6810
027
597
120
Sitafa
l - An
nona
squa
mosa
4088
1204
2779
340
980
00
00
085
0912
1Sh
ivling
i - Co
urou
pita g
uiane
nsis
00
00
00
00
00
00
122
Sopa
ri - Ar
eca c
atech
u0
00
00
00
00
00
012
3Sp
athod
ia - S
path
odea
indic
a34
00
00
00
00
00
3412
4Su
bava
l - Le
ucae
na le
ucoc
epha
la65
866
3597
116
718
1125
751
5367
424
517
161
00
1361
1612
5Ta
d - Bo
rassu
s flab
ellife
r0
00
00
00
00
00
012
6Ta
nach
h - De
smod
ium oo
jenne
nsis
00
00
00
00
00
00
127
Tent
u - O
roxylu
m ind
icum
00
00
00
00
00
00
128
Timru
- Dios
pyro
s mela
noxy
lon0
00
00
00
00
00
012
9Um
aro - F
icus g
lomera
ta17
5710
2774
968
075
952
635
131
410
00
6173
130
Unt m
orad
- Sua
eda s
p50
7525
5050
500
00
00
300
131
Vad -
Ficu
s ben
ghale
nsis
348
295
428
473
601
959
1280
1454
1154
704
360
8056
132
Vayv
arno -
Crate
va ad
anso
ii0
00
00
00
00
00
013
3M
anve
l bam
boo
- Den
droc
alamu
s stri
ctus
2480
516
1718
00
00
00
00
4714
134
Kanta
s bam
boo
- Bam
busa
arun
dinac
ea22
121
4570
1206
041
920
00
00
00
4294
313
5Vik
lo - M
ayten
sus s
eneg
alens
is23
4522
00
00
00
00
9013
6Gh
atbor
- Zizi
phus
cara
cutta
153
5184
2439
1534
198
215
00
00
097
2313
7Du
dhalo
- Wrig
htia a
rbor
ea0
00
00
00
00
00
0
57
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sGi
rth - c
lasse
s10
-30 cm
31-45
cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm90
-120 c
m12
1-150
cm
151-2
00
cm20
1-250
cm
25
1-300
cm
> 300
cmTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
138
Dhau
- Ano
geiss
us pe
ndula
00
00
00
00
00
00
139
Dada
m - P
unica
gran
atam
1335
0366
7048
743
00
00
00
014
0703
140
Mind
hal -
Xero
mphis
spino
sa0
00
00
00
00
00
014
1Pa
nirvo
- Eryt
hrina
varie
gata
00
00
00
00
00
00
142
Rava
na - H
ypha
ene i
ndica
00
00
00
00
00
00
143
Sank
hedo
00
00
00
00
00
00
144
Aghe
do - A
chyra
nthes
aspe
ra0
00
00
00
00
00
014
5Biy
o - Pt
eroca
rpus
mor
supiu
m0
00
00
00
00
00
014
6Va
rakhd
o - Sa
lvado
ra pe
rsica
00
00
00
00
00
00
147
Tech
oma -
Teco
ma st
ans
1559
241
168
00
00
00
00
1968
148
Mith
o lim
do - M
urra
ya ko
enigi
i20
315
3275
3563
1716
203
00
00
00
2907
214
9Ale
di - M
orind
a pub
esce
ns0
00
00
00
00
00
015
0Sa
mdi -
Pros
opis c
inera
ria0
00
00
00
00
00
015
1Ru
drak
sh - E
laeoc
arpu
s sph
aeric
us0
6192
310
00
00
00
184
152
Umbh
- Miliu
sa to
mento
sa0
00
00
00
00
00
015
3Rij
ado -
Acac
ia leu
coph
loea
00
00
00
00
00
00
154
Boda
r - La
gestr
oemi
a par
viflor
a0
00
00
00
00
00
015
5An
iyar -
Acac
ia tom
entos
a38
245
2721
725
992
2032
912
299
6098
2725
305
750
013
3285
156
Mod
ad - L
anne
a cor
oman
delic
a0
00
00
00
00
00
015
7Kil
ai - A
lbizia
proc
era0
00
00
00
00
00
015
8Pe
ndula
- Poly
althia
long
ifolia
Thw.
var
pend
ula0
143
2567
2473
00
00
00
051
83
159
Othe
rs16
5447
3356
916
388
9384
3873
823
143
00
00
2296
27To
tal90
4503
535
4405
530
2283
323
1564
119
2409
619
3484
511
4141
441
6680
1376
9538
908
4726
2352
5928
Girth
clas
ses o
f urb
an ar
ea32
009
2073
517
182
1291
810
019
8877
3885
2552
894
341
159
1095
71Gr
and T
otal
9077
044
3564
790
3040
015
2328
559
1934
115
1943
722
1145
299
4192
3213
8589
3924
948
8523
6354
99
58
Anne
xure
- IX
Spec
ies w
ise
tree
s of M
ehsa
na d
istr
ict i
n Ru
ral
& U
rban
are
asSr.
No
.Tre
e Spe
cies
Trees
in ru
ral ar
eaTre
es in
ur
ban
area
Total
tree
sM
ehsa
naVij
apur
Satla
sana
Khera
luKa
diVis
naga
rBe
chara
jiVa
dnag
arUn
jhaTo
tal tr
ees
in ru
ral
area
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
1Aa
l - M
orind
a tom
entos
a0
00
00
00
00
019
719
72
Andr
akh -
Anno
geiss
us se
ricea
00
00
00
00
00
00
3Ag
thio
- Ses
bania
gran
diflor
a0
00
010
830
00
010
8318
1101
4M
ango
- Man
gifera
indic
a29
7639
801
3288
210
384
2966
021
395
165
4056
4652
1459
7173
214
6703
5Am
la - E
mblic
a offic
lanis
2598
246
171
1769
510
509
1243
4918
629
1192
4126
1220
2498
7396
425
0837
6An
jan - H
ardw
ikia b
innata
00
00
00
00
00
00
7An
jir - F
icus c
arica
644
00
500
00
00
694
2772
18
Anko
l - Ala
ngium
salvi
folium
00
5429
00
00
032
357
520
5752
9Ar
dusa
- Aile
nthus
exce
lsa45
1978
4395
0212
4967
4946
1247
0966
2964
9422
159
1190
2824
250
2443
956
3510
2447
466
10Ar
itha -
Sapin
dus e
marg
inatu
s0
010
30
450
00
1015
83
161
11Ar
jun sa
dad -
Term
inalia
arjun
a36
849
80
949
474
6019
00
083
0832
8340
12As
an - B
eideli
a retu
sa0
00
00
00
00
00
013
Asita
ro - B
auhin
ia rec
emos
a31
00
3120
00
00
031
515
3156
14As
hok -
Sara
ca in
dica
1227
1957
00
00
00
031
8421
3205
15As
opala
v - Po
lyalth
ia lon
gifoli
a92
6462
0971
8144
4327
041
4414
3335
2451
9467
303
1074
678
049
16Ba
dam
- Term
inalia
catap
pa10
1222
0636
0836
1919
073
1120
636
450
6019
5048
098
1945
5004
317
Bahe
da - T
ermina
lia be
lleric
a0
00
00
033
00
333
3618
Baka
mlim
do - M
elia a
zadir
ach
1043
267
790
1123
4966
033
00
8222
465
8687
19Ba
ngali
bava
l - Ac
acia
auric
ulifor
mis
00
075
00
330
010
830
138
20Bh
ilamo
- Sem
ecar
pus a
naca
rdium
00
00
00
00
00
00
21Bil
i - Ae
gle m
arme
los15
3449
837
815
2319
457
1863
132
1817
7327
275
296
2757
122
Bord
i - Ziz
yphu
s mau
ritian
a26
2585
9154
118
6643
5841
039
907
1812
821
2140
1146
3153
506
1037
491
1104
1038
595
23Bo
rselli
- Mim
usop
s elen
gi33
4471
550
7512
076
021
590
229
1665
062
217
272
59
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sTre
es in
rural
area
Trees
in
urba
n are
a
Total
tree
sM
ehsa
naVij
apur
Satla
sana
Khera
luKa
diVis
naga
rBe
chara
jiVa
dnag
arUn
jhaTo
tal tr
ees
in ru
ral
area
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
24Bo
ttle b
rush
- Call
istem
on ci
trinu
s0
00
022
60
00
438
664
9475
825
Buch
/Aka
sh ne
em - M
illing
tonia
horen
sis0
00
1073
00
00
010
7326
1099
26Ch
ampo
- Mich
elia c
hamp
aca
890
1824
147
484
6510
00
020
910
397
790
1118
727
Chan
dan -
Santa
lum al
bum
046
2634
2721
00
070
3174
8283
7565
28Ch
aroli -
Buch
anan
ia lan
zan
6319
00
00
00
00
6319
063
1929
Chiko
o - Ac
rus s
apota
1003
110
7643
1219
825
2170
515
1567
717
331
7969
2269
0289
422
7796
30De
shi b
aval
- Aca
cia ni
lotica
4082
0420
1479
2535
810
7235
5325
4341
3301
1845
215
2601
1007
5419
5992
729
6719
6289
431
Dham
an - G
rewia
tiliae
folia
1810
00
00
00
00
1810
218
1232
Dhav
ado -
Anog
eissu
s latif
olia
00
00
00
00
00
00
33Dh
eki -
Diosp
yros c
ordif
olia
00
00
00
00
00
00
34Fa
nas -
Artoc
arpu
s hete
roph
yllus
00
00
00
00
00
7171
35Ga
ngo b
aval
- Pro
sopis
chile
nsis
7233
0674
354
5920
283
097
3679
0293
061
9344
4759
574
1898
3725
8478
054
1525
9019
536
Garm
ado -
Cassi
a fistu
la11
3536
309
1323
3248
117
0511
640
2128
3927
359
239
865
37Gl
irisidi
a - G
liricid
ia se
pium
00
00
00
00
00
00
38Gu
gal -
Comm
iphor
a wigh
tii0
00
00
00
900
900
9039
Gorad
- Aca
cia se
nega
l61
00
00
00
502
056
30
563
40Go
ras am
li - Pi
thec
ellob
ium du
lce40
1974
771
228
9036
2038
333
9629
863
0521
911
5631
605
1162
3641
Gulm
ohar
- Delo
nix re
gia50
6211
2119
9338
4425
213
7280
314
1526
1147
4750
015
6149
061
42Gu
nda -
Cord
ia dic
hotom
a11
197
4679
962
924
4072
013
743
2582
8634
2973
8641
441
286
826
43Gu
ndi -
Cord
ia gh
araf
3573
70
687
1986
932
526
7094
645
8092
2705
613
1706
158
1318
6444
Haldu
- Adin
a cor
difoli
a0
00
00
00
00
08
845
Hard
e - Te
rmina
lia ch
ebula
7853
00
00
017
00
7870
078
7046
Herm
o - A.
leuc
ophlo
ea30
70
00
00
00
030
70
307
47He
plofeg
ma0
00
00
00
00
00
048
Indrav
jav - H
larrh
ena p
ubes
cens
00
00
00
00
00
00
60
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sTre
es in
rural
area
Trees
in
urba
n are
a
Total
tree
sM
ehsa
naVij
apur
Satla
sana
Khera
luKa
diVis
naga
rBe
chara
jiVa
dnag
arUn
jhaTo
tal tr
ees
in ru
ral
area
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
49Ing
oriyo
- Bala
nites
aegy
ptiac
a10
062
180
399
00
00
010
479
010
479
50Isr
ael b
aval
- A. to
rtalis
1180
1024
1814
1336
2688
988
1583
2010
4540
7579
5188
481
730
9864
9171
598
7206
51Jam
bu - S
yzygiu
m cu
mini
4233
7330
1377
880
1344
038
9276
086
163
5547
446
2248
1414
6322
6277
52Jam
fal - P
sidium
guaja
va91
322
6138
1082
330
7016
320
1218
10
2901
125
1428
8038
014
3260
53Ka
chna
r - Ba
uhini
a sp
00
00
00
00
00
1010
54Ka
dam
- Mich
alia c
hamp
aca
00
00
00
00
00
77
55Ka
dayo
- Ster
culia
uren
s0
00
00
00
500
504
5456
Kadip
atta -
Mur
raya
koen
igii
460
356
00
00
00
081
640
856
57Ka
ju - A
naca
rdium
occid
ental
e0
00
00
00
00
04
458
Kaka
d - G
agua
pinn
ata0
00
00
00
00
00
059
Kalam
- Mitr
agyn
a par
vifoli
a0
00
00
00
00
00
060
Kala
dhau
- Ano
geiss
us pe
ndula
036
1168
20
00
00
011
718
611
724
61Ka
nji - H
olopte
liaint
egrif
olia
8638
356
5863
1786
3711
7644
1341
6822
6004
414
3560
028
453
1373
166
3013
1376
179
62Ka
pok -
Ceiba
penta
ndra
00
054
90
00
100
559
5060
963
Karam
adi -
Caris
sa co
njesta
0
00
00
00
00
02
264
Karan
j - Po
ngam
ia pin
nata
2055
2704
825
8911
2374
676
624
6884
1534
014
9113
8580
2288
1408
6865
Kasid
- Cas
ia sia
mea
2393
4982
447
2621
4320
310
733
1208
2590
584
6876
114
7170
232
66Ke
rda -
Capp
aris d
ecidu
a43
744
013
4013
729
00
8641
840
9178
1544
4927
1544
7667
Khair
- Aca
cia ca
techu
123
00
00
00
00
123
212
568
Khaju
ri - Ph
oenix
dacty
lifera
736
041
239
4427
120
10
161
6357
8817
359
6169
Khak
haro
- Bute
a mon
ospe
rma
00
5051
150
00
027
10
5472
1054
8270
Khare
k - Ph
oeini
x tom
entos
a0
00
00
00
2510
025
100
2510
71Kh
ati am
li - Ta
marin
dus in
dica
1196
409
3608
5492
1489
851
3014
937
2594
935
556
379
3593
572
Khija
do/sa
mi - P
roso
pis ci
nera
ria51
3176
1224
141
9210
3166
1166
9845
9330
8875
158
058
2727
4616
2835
829
1016
3126
873
Kaije
lia - K
igelia
afric
ana
245
178
00
248
143
00
081
416
898
2
61
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sTre
es in
rural
area
Trees
in
urba
n are
a
Total
tree
sM
ehsa
naVij
apur
Satla
sana
Khera
luKa
diVis
naga
rBe
chara
jiVa
dnag
arUn
jhaTo
tal tr
ees
in ru
ral
area
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
74Ko
thi -
Limon
ia ac
idissi
ma0
017
275
3973
00
00
4220
542
2575
Kudi/
Dudh
i - W
righti
tincto
ria0
025
255
00
00
00
2525
50
2525
576
Kusu
m - S
chlei
chera
aleo
sa0
00
00
00
00
00
077
Limbo
o - Ci
trus a
uran
tium
2700
7012
0560
5738
9136
2066
4773
500
132
5170
3862
272
9575
2343
7319
1878
Limdo
- Aza
dirac
hta in
dica
1341
455
9866
1244
3003
1033
856
1120
003
5556
4410
4539
4366
8930
9261
6331
062
3522
963
6629
179
Mah
udo -
Mad
huca
indic
a53
3815
6699
620
4717
3838
410
1375
104
1700
569
1707
480
Mile
tia - M
illetia
pegu
ensis
00
00
00
00
00
00
81Pil
oo m
ithija
r - Sa
lvado
ra ol
eoide
s12
2949
4626
010
484
1115
0691
657
4120
779
373
2239
0544
777
3913
2182
Nago
d - Vi
tex ne
gund
o49
10
275
038
40
00
1011
6050
1210
83Na
riyali
- Coc
us nu
cifera
521
058
479
911
5157
3360
032
0556
137
6684
Nilgi
ri - Eu
calyp
tus s
p14
234
4159
820
513
9635
3252
616
938
480
1808
183
415
4839
649
1554
8885
Paras
piplo
- The
spes
ia po
pulne
a0
00
00
099
500
149
245
394
86Pa
rijat -
Nyc
tanth
us ar
borti
stis
460
00
014
670
00
019
2713
720
6487
Parki
ya0
00
00
00
00
00
088
Ramb
aval
- Par
kinso
nia ac
uleata
00
00
00
050
050
1060
89Pe
ltrofo
rm - P
eltro
forum
ferru
ginieu
m26
6914
2337
816
2224
604
7409
2102
743
1867
4281
722
1545
032
90Pil
oo kh
arijar
- Salv
ador
a pers
ica18
8319
3311
10
3669
015
0512
7178
1060
535
4397
358
3547
5591
Pinke
cia - C
assia
java
nica
1238
3826
710
30
1828
3325
3319
121
1296
0620
212
9808
92Pip
al - F
icus t
sila
4755
996
447
3694
4311
3325
546
1124
3588
2278
614
1924
205
93Pip
alo - F
icus r
eligio
sa19
330
309
1273
2460
1075
9939
263
7604
637
8241
94Po
ngaro
- Eryt
hrina
sp31
00
00
00
00
314
3595
Putra
njiva
- Dryp
etes r
oxbu
rghi
00
00
00
00
00
1111
96Ra
gat r
ohido
- Tec
omell
a und
ulata
920
2062
5192
4521
2150
00
9562
195
6397
Rain
tree -
Sama
nea s
aman
00
00
014
9066
131
016
876
1693
98Re
d San
dal -
Ptero
carp
us sa
ntalin
us0
00
00
00
00
00
0
62
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sTre
es in
rural
area
Trees
in
urba
n are
a
Total
tree
sM
ehsa
naVij
apur
Satla
sana
Khera
luKa
diVis
naga
rBe
chara
jiVa
dnag
arUn
jhaTo
tal tr
ees
in ru
ral
area
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
99Ra
mfal
- Ann
ona m
urica
ta0
013
70
00
00
013
73
140
100
Rang
oon b
adam
- 0
00
00
00
00
00
010
1Ra
yan -
Man
ilkar
a hex
andr
a16
8714
230
399
790
8340
1720
113
7714
234
9314
327
102
Roya
n - So
ymida
febr
ifuga
00
137
00
00
221
035
86
364
103
Rubb
er tr
ee - F
icus s
p0
00
00
00
00
011
1110
4Ru
khad
o - Ad
inson
ia dig
itata
00
020
970
00
00
2097
020
9710
5Sa
dad -
Term
inalia
tome
ntosa
3405
712
010
019
4124
414
910
4266
0352
6655
106
Safed
siru
s - Al
bizia
proc
era27
60
825
00
00
00
1101
211
0310
7Te
ak - T
ecton
a gra
ndis
5276
3220
2852
3319
990
158
012
016
3846
553
277
4683
010
8Sa
lai - B
oswe
llia se
rrata
00
00
00
00
00
00
109
Sand
esaro
- Delo
nix el
ata0
015
8188
610
00
201
010
643
1310
656
110
Sapt
parn
i - Als
tonia
scholo
ris98
20
00
4342
957
320
039
650
539
1018
5155
711
1Sa
rgavo
- Mor
inga o
leiera
1552
216
9079
053
4211
354
9644
960
2094
213
3567
579
1102
6868
111
2Sh
aru - C
asua
rina e
quise
tifoli
a13
800
020
083
50
248
1717
7344
5369
551
4811
3Se
tur -
Mor
us al
ba34
0518
006
3748
713
779
8781
2450
6619
155
782
1039
1137
710
4288
114
Seva
n - G
melin
a arb
orea
3405
2117
515
1523
3568
665
913
242
5726
148
555
1012
4956
711
5Sh
ikaka
i - Ac
acia
sinua
ta0
00
00
00
00
00
011
6Sh
isam
- Dalb
ergia
latifol
ia0
00
00
00
00
02
211
7Sim
lo - B
ombe
x ceib
a92
00
079
00
080
352
1737
4317
8011
8Sir
us - A
lbizia
lebb
ek27
9219
7512
7114
403
3225
571
6587
772
2830
268
268
434
6870
211
9Sis
oo - D
alberg
ia sis
oo92
142
241
1427
810
406
201
5088
313
0427
597
104
2770
112
0Sit
afal -
Anno
na sq
uamo
sa15
3411
7472
226
7176
713
6117
211
5285
0926
987
7812
1Sh
ivling
i - Co
urou
pita g
uiane
nsis
00
00
00
00
00
00
122
Sopa
ri - Ar
eca c
atech
u0
00
00
00
00
00
012
3Sp
athod
ia - S
path
odea
indic
a0
034
00
00
00
345
39
63
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sTre
es in
rural
area
Trees
in
urba
n are
a
Total
tree
sM
ehsa
naVij
apur
Satla
sana
Khera
luKa
diVis
naga
rBe
chara
jiVa
dnag
arUn
jhaTo
tal tr
ees
in ru
ral
area
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
124
Suba
val -
Leuc
aena
leuc
ocep
hala
8573
914
5978
3475
1376
5210
862
877
1273
014
5013
6116
1775
1378
9112
5Ta
d - Bo
rassu
s flab
ellife
r0
00
00
00
00
020
2012
6Ta
nach
h - De
smod
ium oo
jenne
nsis
00
00
00
00
00
00
127
Tent
u - O
roxylu
m ind
icum
00
00
00
00
00
00
128
Timru
- Dios
pyro
s mela
noxy
lon0
00
00
00
00
02
212
9Um
aro - F
icus g
lomera
ta67
553
275
1997
1670
487
5092
442
6173
205
6378
130
Unt m
orad
- Sua
eda s
p0
00
300
00
00
030
00
300
131
Vad -
Ficu
s ben
ghale
nsis
1994
765
584
399
1399
1032
530
873
480
8056
631
8687
132
Vayv
arno -
Crate
va ad
anso
ii0
00
00
00
00
00
013
3M
anve
l bam
boo
- Den
droc
alamu
s str
ictus
00
722
00
974
015
0615
1247
149
4723
134
Kanta
s bam
boo
- Bam
busa
arun
dinac
ea0
041
163
1198
00
058
20
4294
358
4300
113
5Vik
lo - M
ayten
sus s
eneg
alens
is0
00
090
00
00
900
9013
6Gh
atbor
- Zizi
phus
cara
cutta
9694
00
00
290
00
9723
097
2313
7Du
dhalo
- Wrig
htia a
rbor
ea0
00
00
00
00
00
013
8Dh
au - A
noge
issus
pend
ula0
00
00
00
00
00
013
9Da
dam
- Pun
ica gr
anata
m49
144
50
1246
8311
383
2621
552
3111
9914
0703
7314
0776
140
Mind
hal -
Xero
mphis
spino
sa0
00
00
00
00
01
114
1Pa
nirvo
- Eryt
hrina
varie
gata
00
00
00
00
00
11
142
Rava
na - H
ypha
ene i
ndica
00
00
00
00
00
00
143
Sank
hedo
00
00
00
00
00
00
144
Aghe
do - A
chyra
nthes
aspe
ra0
00
00
00
00
00
014
5Biy
o - Pt
eroca
rpus
mor
supiu
m0
00
00
00
00
00
014
6Va
rakhd
o - Sa
lvado
ra pe
rsica
00
00
00
00
00
167
167
147
Tech
oma -
Teco
ma st
ans
245
085
977
40
00
900
1968
643
2611
64
Sr.
No.
Tree S
pecie
sTre
es in
rural
area
Trees
in
urba
n are
a
Total
tree
sM
ehsa
naVij
apur
Satla
sana
Khera
luKa
diVis
naga
rBe
chara
jiVa
dnag
arUn
jhaTo
tal tr
ees
in ru
ral
area
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
148
Mith
o lim
do - M
urra
ya ko
enigi
i0
7111
3420
021
917
688
044
8857
429
072
561
2963
314
9Ale
di - M
orind
a pub
esce
ns0
00
00
00
00
00
015
0Sa
mdi -
Pros
opis c
inera
ria0
00
00
00
00
00
015
1Ru
drak
sh - E
laeoc
arpu
s sph
aeric
us18
40
00
00
00
018
41
185
152
Umbh
- Miliu
sa to
mento
sa0
00
00
00
00
00
015
3Rij
ado -
Acac
ia leu
coph
loea
00
00
00
00
00
00
154
Boda
r - La
gestr
oemi
a par
viflor
a0
00
00
00
00
00
015
5An
iyar -
Acac
ia tom
entos
a19
448
285
6700
290
8619
4117
168
463
1329
246
0013
3285
191
1334
7615
6M
odad
- Lan
nea c
orom
ande
lica
00
00
00
00
00
00
157
Kilai
- Albi
zia pr
ocera
00
00
00
00
00
00
158
Pend
ula - P
olyalt
hia lo
ngifo
lia Th
w.va
r pe
ndula
00
00
044
420
074
151
8324
8476
67
159
Othe
rs51
198
8346
1714
688
836
1989
075
5429
730
746
5614
2296
2747
8323
4410
Total
5138
728
3098
135
1600
005
2591
005
4146
420
2770
554
1667
163
1260
862
1253
056
2352
5928
1095
7123
6354
99
65
Anne
xure
- X
Girt
h - w
ise
Nee
m T
rees
of M
ehsa
na U
rban
Are
aSr. N
o.Na
me of
Taluk
a10
-30 cm
31-45
cm46
-60 cm
61-75
cm76
-90 cm
91-12
0 cm
121-1
50 cm
151-2
00 cm
201-2
50 cm
251-3
00 cm
Mor
e tha
n 30
1 cm
Total
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
1M
ehsa
na25
3717
6617
4817
6415
4716
6185
461
330
310
736
1293
62
Vijap
ur10
753
757
738
028
216
010
124
611
30
2404
3Va
dnag
ar12
8410
9412
8894
383
166
219
274
31
063
724
Bech
raji
00
00
00
00
00
00
5Vis
naga
r33
373
253
953
345
745
917
713
126
146
3407
6Ka
di20
735
444
429
931
948
534
228
310
132
1528
817
Khera
lu38
223
742
833
236
449
529
918
275
2826
2848
8Sa
tlasa
na0
00
00
00
00
00
09
Unjha
337
584
802
726
1020
678
117
7327
152
4381
Total
5187
5304
5826
4977
4820
4600
2082
1602
546
200
8535
229
Girt
h - w
ise
Nee
m T
rees
of M
ehsa
na R
ural
Are
aSr. N
o.Na
me of
Taluk
a10
-30 cm
31-45
cm46
-60 cm
61-75
cm76
-90 cm
91-12
0 cm
121-1
50 cm
151-2
00 cm
201-2
50 cm
251-3
00 cm
Mor
e tha
n 30
1 cm
Total
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
1M
ehsa
na37
7129
1532
2624
2063
1646
3716
3472
1349
1264
603
3389
749
6920
2552
213
4145
52
Vijap
ur14
6928
1379
9610
6006
1450
7815
6553
1212
5497
145
5019
222
329
3131
098
6612
3Va
dnag
ar13
9399
8199
343
923
8435
241
273
3715
651
9018
5765
353
236
143
6689
4Be
chraj
i16
367
1327
216
400
1525
812
081
1966
071
1620
1923
5016
010
4539
5Vis
naga
r96
973
5226
338
549
1093
5514
1913
5414
035
568
2036
345
7114
9045
955
5644
6Ka
di43
5189
1441
2310
6676
1138
5399
137
1105
3565
662
3695
051
9222
8040
611
2000
37
Khera
lu42
8514
1158
2111
6371
1096
5611
8043
7396
146
354
1899
648
6712
4825
1033
856
8Sa
tlasa
na14
0841
7662
383
701
5617
941
094
1797
012
198
7078
4948
1890
481
4430
039
Unjha
1515
8034
106
2081
918
075
4407
719
118
1579
134
5215
8665
70
3092
61To
tal19
3292
080
9423
7745
0881
6443
8176
4358
8706
3496
2717
4804
5146
513
269
2254
6331
062
66
Girt
h - w
ise
Nee
m T
rees
of M
ehsa
na U
rban
and
Rur
al A
rea
Sr. No.
Name
of Ta
luka
10-30
cm31
-45 cm
46-60
cm61
-75 cm
76-90
cm91
-120 c
m12
1-150
cm15
1-200
cm20
1-250
cm25
1-300
cmM
ore t
han
301 c
mTo
tal
12
34
56
78
910
1112
1314
1M
ehsa
na37
9666
1549
9224
3811
1664
0116
5019
1365
7365
457
3451
052
7221
3255
813
5439
12
Vijap
ur14
7035
1385
3310
6583
1454
5815
6835
1214
1497
246
5043
822
340
3134
098
9016
3Va
dnag
ar14
0683
8308
745
211
8529
542
104
3781
853
8219
3165
653
336
144
3061
4Be
chraj
i16
367
1327
216
400
1525
812
081
1966
071
1620
1923
5016
010
4539
5Vis
naga
r97
306
5299
539
088
1098
8814
2370
5459
935
745
2049
445
9715
0446
555
9051
6Ka
di43
5396
1444
7710
7120
1141
5299
456
1110
2066
004
3723
352
9323
1242
111
2288
47
Khera
lu42
8896
1160
5811
6799
1099
8811
8407
7445
646
653
1917
849
4212
7651
1036
704
8Sa
tlasa
na14
0841
7662
383
701
5617
941
094
1797
012
198
7078
4948
1890
481
4430
039
Unjha
1519
1734
690
2162
118
801
4509
719
796
1590
835
2516
1367
22
3136
42To
tal19
3810
781
4727
7803
3482
1420
8224
6359
3306
3517
0917
6406
5201
113
469
2339
6366
291 References
1. Kishwan, Jagdish, Rajiv Pandey and V. K. Dadhwal (2009). India’s Forest and Tree Cover: Contribution as a Carbon Sink (Technical Report). Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
2. FSI (2011). India State of Forest Report, 2011. Forest Survey of India, Dehradun, MoEF New Delhi.
3. Singh, H. S. (2011). Status of tree cover in urban areas of Gujarat. Gujarat Forest Department.
4. Anon. (2004). Tree wealth of the non-forest areas of Gujarat-Tree census in non-forest area-2009. Gujarat Forest Department.
5. Anon. (2009). Tree wealth of the non-forest areas of Gujarat-Tree census in non-forest area-2009. Gujarat Forest Department. Pp 56-67.
6. Anon. (2010). Statistical Branch, District Panchayat, Mehsana.
7. CSO (2011). National Accounts Statistics, Central Statistics Office, Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation, Govt. of India.
8. CSO (2010). National Accounts Statistics, Central Statistics Office, Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation, Govt. of India.
9. Anon. (1975). Gujarat State Gazetteers, Mehsana, Government of Gujarat, Ahmedabad.
For further information contact
Conservator of ForestsSocial Forestry Circle, Rajmahel Compound, Mehsana, Gujarat.
Ph. : (02762) 221731