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In independence lies our guarantee for peace!: theUDENAMO at the
United Nations
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In independence lies our guarantee for peace!: the UDENAMO at
theUnited Nations
Author/Creator União Democrática Nacional de Moçambique
(UDENAMO)
Publisher União Democrática Nacional de Moçambique (UDENAMO)
Date 1963-11
Resource type Proceedings
Language English
Subject
Coverage (spatial) Mozambique
Coverage (temporal) 1963
Source University of Southern California, University
Archives
Description Articles regarding UDENAMO at the United
Nations.
Format extent(length/size)
23 page(s)
http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.CHILCO286
http://www.aluka.org
http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.CHILCO286
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&9~"
&9~"
IN INDEPENDENCE LIES OUR GUARANTEEFOR PEACE!THE UDENAMO AT
THEUNIT ED NATIONSNOVEMBER 1963M~E av THE CAiRo OFFICE Of THE
NOZANslaUEl NATIONALDENOCRATOC UNION (UDeNANO>A MED uIUm&T
STaEE z~IAE- C&EO1
On'the 7th November, 1963, a UDENAMO delegation appeared as
petntoonersbefore the fourth (Trusteeshipand* non-self governing
territories) Committee of the General Assembly oftheUnited Nations,
New York to present the case ofthe Mozambique people to this
worldbody.The members of the delegation were : Mr DavidJ.;.M.
Mabunda, Vice Presfaentof the Mozambique Nationl DemocSratic Union
(UDENAMO) and Mr John* ' SOkupwanya0 UDENAMO representa.live In the
Americas and a student in the U.& .AWe publish here, the full
text "of thepetition submitted by the UDENAMo Ldelegation,
13v, 1 3i I* *1Seen here making a statement befor. the Fourth
Committee of the GeneralAssembly of the United Nations are Mr.
David M un (right) and Mr.John Sakupwanya (ieft)yPhoto credit
UNITED NATIONS.
Mr. Daitthis ofUnt lion try call real cent mbilend its t4
iTrorLON aelao undOrgi naio subtuin a divirjudic
-
fortur Ionic canvedStatement Made by.: II J. M. Mabunda and Mr.
John SakupwatayREPRESINTING THE HOZANIIQUI NATIONAl.ORNOCRATIC
UNION(UDZNA"O)AT THE 147&th. MEETING OF THF FOURTH CONMT TE ON
7NOVaNEnRNMr. Chairings We in Mozambique live with anDISTINGUISHED
DELEGTs, enemy that is bent on using force to delayhis departure
from ourcountry ForWe have the honour to address to Over 400 years.
Portugal has held on to highestworld Assembly, on behalf
Mozambique. Oer this part of the Ah ltheMozambique National
Democratic can continent Portugal rules ruthlessly on,which is a
nationalist organiza. and uncompromisingly over its indigel.
fightingfor the freedom of the cour- ous inhabitants exceeding 7
million. The fromPortuguese colonial rul. to sub- rulerm of
Portugal not only sought to, subforYour consideration the
grievousJugate and exploit them economically ty inwhich contends
for nearly five but have attempted to destory compiettures
thesuffering people of Moza- ely their culture and society in order
to que. ourfatherland. reduce them to a position of
Inferiorityforever.We request' Your Excellencies to We. therefore,
wish to bring to theYour ears and Your peaceful spir- urgent notice
of your Excellencies. the,penetrate into a brief-report of ho-
threat to peace in Africa that is inherent andtragedy in the
history of CO. in the present political aises in MozarJIALISM,
ahistory of the Portugue- bique and to request that through the
colonial rule overthe African popu- good offices of Your
Excellencies. the as of one of theterritorieswhich, matter be
brought up in the plenary seer the Complaisant eyesof the world
sion at this eighteenth session of the Utianization. Portugal
hasunder domi- tied Nations General Assembly, in order in in
Africa. It is the historyof the to exert pressure to bear upon tho
Por ugatton" of one notion by anothertuguese Govemnment II possible
aspects, whether in the Indual. politico-adminisuative, educa- In
'spite of Portugal*s shouting to t1. labour, economical,social,
military, the world and to the United Nations ial. medical and
bospitalfields. Un- that Mozambique is a province, this nately,
wherever the Portugueseco- has never been a fact. The simple Ilist
has touched on the Mozambi-statement of-overseas province"
rTellsoil, he created barriers and ensla- ects Initself a
politico-admistbalvet peoples discrimination. The blackman does
at3-Sj-~.A $i~Ij
-
have and never had admittance higher positions of the
legislative ecative systemsof Portugal's-Pulministration.in the
Central zrectlve .Pewenot even necessary to mention. A the Regional
Adminletracen of thelied "overseas province** the icdigpopulation
has no access. in spitemerely formal presence of two hat cked
chiefs in the Legislative ConIn the Iducatoal Field, it isIsed all
sart of legal chicxnery,i have always succeeded in view c fact that
thePortuguese do not aln indigenous population to have equa fair
legalmeans to putan end toabuses.In the Labeor Field, the functand
salary disparity is alarmingdiscriminatory character. prhqarily I
use when functional equalityscm exists,salary equality does 'not
exist condly, because the rare access toher positions iscarried out
in the fwing manner :First. white men.mulattos and finally the
black. The es$ therefore. to public and privateployment.in spite of
the selection tare Ironically racial discriminatoryin the following
order, which we emjsize once more: whites, mulattosblacks.In the
Seda Field, the autochnous population has no admitiance public
entertainment places suchas tels,restaurants, cafes and others ei
pt as servants. Furthermore, recsdes areas remainalso separated. in
split ijthe Portuguese Government llbies.The Portuguese claim that
loz,bique is a province. hwever, she ways uses the discriminatory
adjectto any - overseas "Thus we entreat te United Or ox- Nations
to allow us to putbefore yos Ic ad- the following questons: (1) In
whichcountry ofthe world do customs barrio ra exist from one
province to another ?r,if is (2) On the other hand. in which
country Jsu in of the world is a passprtrequired to socn$ travel
from one province to another ? conus For theknowledge of Your
Exoellencles. Of the we Inform you that the Portuguese oaidpt-
thorttiet require a passport to all races cIL.
indiscriminately.when onewishes to ira-"acti- va from the so-called
province of Mowhich zmiqu to the provino, oftbon. I the Portugal
has passed a great numberw the of formal laws for her pretended
proviI and nces. As a Matterof factsome of, Me. these se colonial
laws are good. Unfortunately.they have never been put into
acton.mostly when these laws refer to the rig. onal hs of the
African population.Revetting 55 Its to the polttco-odmintstrauve
discriminstca- tion, we wish to cell
-
your attention that cely Portugal has among others, two
distt.c-So- tiveministries, the Ministry of interior big- and the
Overseas Ministry, The Interiorollo- Ministry deals with the
Portuguese liurthen opean Provinces homeaffairs. whereas acr- the
Overseas Ministry covering an attea- ributton parallelto the
Interior Ministry, sils. deals with the so-called "Oversem pro
ests. vince"affairs. This proves once More pha- the unequal and
discriminatory pohcy andbetween European Provinces and the socalled
Overseas Provinces.tho- in the Judicial Sector, it should heto
remarked thatthere are special courts ho- to Judge the Africans.
while thewhite ce- settlers are Judged in regular courtsThis tio
proves Once more theinequality of treo. * of 'ment between the
autochihonour, andthe non-autochonous, the white and nonwhite,the
European end the Afrcatun. Inam. the colonies, these courts arm
Ironically al- called "Tribunal Privadvo"that Is. psi. lve Vote or
special courts.4-- a
In eonaesm with io"Pins, It shouldbe taken into consideration
that medicalhospitalization assistance, as well as acc.ommodation
and wards, are conducted In a manner of racial separation. It
shouldbe aso noted that in general, while wards for whites are
divided into rooms fortwo. those for the Africans are
bigdormitoriesfor mnny patients.Portugal has constantly and
energ.etIcally refused to permit whatever in.quiry commitess from
the United Nato.Its or any other International orgaonizations, to
visit her colonial territories andfreely examine and scrutinize
their real situaton. However, we do not believe thatany country in
the world, being most proud of its national internal rights,
ifaccused of untrue acts, would refuse to accept the visit of an
international Presscommittee to Inquire on the reality of
theaccusations. However, this has neverbeen accepted by Portugal.
Nevertheless. if the Portuguese Government has,nothing to bide or
to fear, why do they not allow at !east an international writtenand
spoken Press committe composed of at least three members from each
of thefollowing countries:- Brazil, Mexico. Cuba, Canada. Senegal.
Chile. Finland.Czechoslovakia. Italy. Romania. Holland. Yugo
slavia, Ceylon. Japan. Burma,Liberia United Arab Republic, Lebanon.
Ghana, Ethiopia and Algeria, to visitfreelyMozambique. not to be
followed or traced by the police or censorshipauthorities entering
in whatever part of Mozaiwbque they want and interviewingwhom. ever
they choose. Then they would give their advice and reportof
whatthey really have seen in that Portuguese colony.To conclude our
brief introduction, it is necessary Your Excellencies. to put anend
to this odious discriminatory co-lonialig domination which Portugal
exAe rMes over more thn 7 millon Afhansouls, scattered in an area
of approzma.
-
tly 783.o00 sq. kLo. and who am only waiting for the day in
which the chai ns Ofthis multi-century domtation shall break off
and have the honowu to sit toget.her with you to work in harmony
for the progress of mankind, for world peace.and security.BRIEF
HISTORY OF MOZAMBIQUsPour hundred and sixty-eight yearsago, 1498, a
Portuguese fleet under the command of Vasco do Game,in search ofthe
sea-way to India, anchored in thecoast of Mozombique.Portuguese
occupatoIn became efeCVe In theyear ISM. whie Captn Pedro doAnaia
landed on the Island of Moarmbique, then called the CePesaq 0 f
Salt. TheCaptaincy was not autanamous, It was dependent of the
State, a Indii therefore.under the Governor Pra. c1-o de Almeda.
The latter, in s0.7, senthis men to theIsland of Mozambi. qua to
build a fomess.The hirst occ tpaution years were so. lely for
commeral ezploltaon, Christtnizationand Improvement of te potical
conditions in India. This was followed by theconstruction of more
fortresses in big commercial cen*tres like sofala, Tet andSena.
where they concenotraisdiroop. The African people did* not fer
these troopconcentrations and thus they inva. ded the fortresses of
Mozambique.Later, the Portuguese began tL aplate the coantry's
hinterland and went up therivers Zambezi and Limpopo. The land
north of the Zambezi was inhaitated bythe Macalagas. a tribe of
Ma-"- 5 --I
honai (which came to the southen irder of the Zambezi in the
twelfth urY tooccupy what today is knov SouthernRhodesia). oThese
people their capital inthe- area of the Zimbabwe. They formed a
confeder, under King Monomotapa agreat considered king although he
exen powers extremely lower than those g ed tohim by the
Portuguese. The c of the various regional tribes recogr a
limitedsuzerain under Monomot but were far from being bis
vassals.In t531. with the intention of e: nding the exportation of
gold, the c ain ofMozambique founded the mc of Sena whee there were
someArobs. cityofSenakrew prosperously and 20t ars later b4ame the
trade contra. Ayears later the city of Tete w as con cted. The two
cities succeeded init as a resultof the intimate contacts ween the
lands of Monomotapa the gold mines of Manfcaand Mash4 In the region
of Mussapa, south-wet Tete. near the river Mazoe. theadv urers
settled a commercial post in I free from the advice of Monomotapa
1had already given them "various car s1on The Portuguese
remainedincommercial life for r period of al: sixty. five years
respecting and po tribute tothesovereignty of the Africo These were
the instructions of the K of Portugal: wr1rdeend live In peace N
the Africans"' With the coronation of D. Sebai as king of Portugal.
the Portuguese rdWfIedtheir tactics. They dreamed conquering the
gold minesand donit trig the Africanpeoples. It is bcai of this
dream that in 1509, the first er. edition of1LOW men
-
under the comma of D. Francisco Barreto. then Gove General of
India. landed inthe islanda b- Mozambipue Governor Barreto sent one
cent- regiment to Sofala. Theinvaders had Mn as bad luck, as
immediately upon their arrbuilt ival, theAfrrcans attacked and
severely great punished the officers. After some time,Orion
Barreto, accompanied by a number of and his men, made ihs way
toZambezi. in .ised the region of Sena, where many of rant- them
also lost theirlives |l57). After hiefs various fights and
unconcluded negotlaized tions withKing Monomotapa. Barreo (spa,
evacuated the 200 men who were foritunote toremain alive (IS73).
Later. Barreto died and was substtuted by his aide-do Kpa--camp
Vasco Femandes Homen who 'apt- returned to Sena with 400 men
insearch trket of the gold mines. After various clashes The with
the Africanpeople, he penetrated )ye- into theland of Manica. where
the city few ofUmtah is situated today. There they stru- found
gold. but did not have competentode- men to explore it. From
Sofalo. he went bet- to the north of the Zambeziinto Sena. and
where he tried to explore the famous ona. silver mines ofChicoa,
but the Africa, t Of the owners of the land attacked and de.ent-
stroyedhim together with his remaing 550. 200 men. In view of this
disaster, the hoPortuguese crown put aside her conquest tce.
ambitions. Defeted as they havebeen. this the Portuguese were not
convinced, and-out 4hus attempted to continue the fight by 'Ing
using other methods. In thisnew phase os. of war, they sent
Catholic Missionaries Ing so Christianize andbrthe the African VIt
chiefs. Thus in Sena. there were fourchurches and some fifty
Portuguese.too At Tete there were approximatelyso- twenty
Portuguese in the fortress and of many scattered in the
surroundingregina Ons. The missionaries worked andconUse sinue to-
work even today,together wi th rp- the Portuguese politicians.
While the rod missionariesattempted to dominate the nor Africans
with the use of the Gospel o of Christ.the Portuguese feudalsts
were
ireeiy eKplI tlg di '-every oppoitThe misstonaties, lust' as
loday.big masters 'who accumulated prop and many slaves. whom they
told I feudallords mannft.- They ha exploitation system which
consist plantations equal tothose of todi siupat of the Monomctapa
Kingsoldiers. missionaries and tradersbe seen actively plottog and
pla against the Africans' land, reso end population.The Portuguese
I lation rose to" I.,O men. a number has never
been,'overpasseduntiliwentieth century.The kings of Portugal esdy
Itthe leeesonr., The men of Vasco HC wanted .to dominate every
aspec trade aswell as the Afrtcan people th nineteenth century a
great nut of Portuguesemtssionaries and fe lords wanted to impose
their laws the African leaders and
-
chiefs. The tuguese began their new policy of de ading more
cheap labourers orsic for plantations. The number of conf increased
considerably in the regiathe Zambezi. King Monornotapa by then
convened Into a christiantherefore easily exploited. The
vodisseminated theseeds of misundet nding with the neighbouring
chiefs th gh theking, and thus, throughtr disputes, they lominated
the whole mbezi. The mtinreason of tihse dit tea was the refusal of
the other .chief be baptized. It was a greatslrug known in history
as the dispute of-itWith de death of King Manortapa, Me lackey of
the Portuguese.' son Manuza acceded to the throne IONHostile as he
was to the Portugu j colonialists. he immediately declawar against
the Portuguese astentatand Interfences in theaffairs ofaity.
state.. After various attacks, the Portuwere guese garrison
surrenderedand retreated rties to the island of Mozambique leaving
o the the new king ippeace. The reeat of od an the colonibsts did
not last long, for. 4l in throughsome. christan members of 'the Ly.
In royal family, the Portuguesewere finallydom, able to succeed in
convincing the king could to also become a christian.The- king
Ining was baptized as Filipe having solemnly ures promisedvassalage
tothe King of PorsOpu. tugal, to the Dominican missionaries.
thatsettlers and traders of Zambezi. giving I the them everything
they wanted. Thiswasthe first time in the history of Mozambique the
Portuguese succeeded tomamnergot tamn a brief domination over a
great mmn part of. the Macalangapeoples.ct ofIn King Filipe's first
practical defeat3ber was to consent to the slave traffic i the udal
plantations owned ky the.missionaries Lpon .and feudals. However
thisgovernment Par- of the lackeysdid not last long. In mOS. ema-
the Mocalangas declared war on the avesPortuguese. These fights
went-on- for liets many yeas The African population.nr of scattered
and demoralized by' the long was wars; lostand fll once moreprey
into and the hands of the colonialsm. dais,via- In 1752 the'
colonial administrationrou- was no longer dependent of Goo. Thus,
1a the.first Governor General ofMozambi. Za- que Francisco de Melo
Castro was ap-. pu- pointed. This .colonialist-government to
accentuated the slave-trade. It.i'cagle. culated thatfrom 1780 to.
ISM,-more than 128. 15.000 slaves were expatriated yearly
toAmerico. a number which xose to' 25.00 no- untl about the
yeari8.0 MinisterSo his de Bandeira's law in 1836 abolishing in
slavery found no support inMozambi. es que. Contrarily, the slave
traffic was red accelerated until 1840when the British Ion strongly
intervened and exercised presthe suresagainstthe Portuguese
Government,-7--U.--4
-
,.'~ 4*4~~
L4N..verheler lbr Portug, se. stubbin, as they are, did not
respectlong the law. inview of the fact that they remaL ned in
'business up to the present moment dealingin human flesh,forced
abour and other forms of bondage.It is known that until tw the
Portugue sphere of influence. south ofthe Save river,was limited to
a few scattered traders and missionaries whose principal purposewas
to prepare the road for exploitation and domination by
the*Portuguese army. Only after the British ultimatum In 180 did
the occupation'become a reality. From this date onwards the
Portuguese imposed their authorityon the African They refused to
pay tributes to African princes.Nevertheless,some chiefs did not
sympathize with the Portuguese attitude Thenoccurred a series of
assaults, out of which the Portuguese defended themselvesand
succeeded through bribes to subordinate certain chiefs who later
moved to thePortuguese side and fought against the chiefs who would
not accept the foreigndommation. This to what happend to the chief
of Marracuene in 1894. who foughtthe Portuguese in the battle of
Marracuene where the Portuguese suffered a greatdefeat. Later the
Portuguese obtained the helpof the subordinate princes andlackeys
of the Lourenco Marques district and a few Angolans (according
toPortuguese history). Thus, in February. 1S. the army of chief
Marracuene. underthe command or general Magala gave way. having to
face such a great proportionof forces, calculated about 6,00o well
equipped men. However,the expeditionwas not terminated. They
marched toward the north to Gaza. wherethe forces ofKing
Ngungunyana dominated. King Ngungunyana's forces fought the
enemy-8-in the volley of (be Incoimt rtver at Magul. where a fierce
battle took place. whchwas won by the Portuguese.In the same year.
a column under the command'of Captain Mouztilho deAlbuquerque
landed at Iohambaone. As always the monao dtvde and rule",
thePortuguesesucceeded to suboidinate the chiefs of Inhambane and
of Muchopsthrough false promises, to permit the passage towards
Mandlacaze. where. KingNgungunyane lived At this stage. King
Nungunyano was in war. wis KingXtpenanyane of Muchopes. and since
the latter wanted to free himself from hisneighbour enemy, he
thought it was opportune Io unite his forces with those ofthe
Portuguese Captain Manetnho de Albuquerque. whom he figured was a
friend.Together they went in search of King Ngungunyona. whom they
foundin hispalace in the company of the queen and prince Godide
alone, After this betrayal,general maggwrna attempted to revenge in
van over his king In the battles of"Chaimtie and Coolela. where
this general los his life terminating therefore, thecampaigns of
the south of the Save river.The famous King Ngungunyaa arrested-
the news reached King Macombo . ofBarue, Niasra district, in the
following year, King Macoambel, swore vengeanceagainst the
Portuguese. and for this he declared war and invaded the
colonialistfortresses. A number of combats took place. The war
lasted about twenty years. ait was onty to 1917 that peace was
restored and Ma. combe Ill fled toRhodesia,
-
where he spent his last days. while the Portuges were engaged
with the Germansin the great First World War.In the end of the war
of theMacombes, terminated the armed conflicts
between the Invaders and the Africans who have been defeated but
didnotlose hope.it has already been mentioned Inthe "'Brief Htstor
ofMozambique" that armed conflicts between the colonialistsand the
people of Mozambique had ceased in 1917. Logically, that means
thebeginning of a new era, an era of peace, tranquillity,
understanding and progressbetween the defeated and the
defeaters.However, this did not happen, for the general dtsarmament
of the Afticanpopulatlon was followed by reprisals and anihilation.
Let us look ina few shotlines upon the facts which are being
witnessed by our generation.Portugals presence in Africa is claimed
to be a "civilizing misston: to uphit theAfricans and to convert
them into Portuguese citizens. The Portuguese haveargued that they
do not practise the system of "apartheid- and that there are
nocolour barriers. Therefore one woukt picture a Portugal of the
present time,matured by the wisdom of trial and error, by the ages.
enlightened. progressiveandfollowing a policy based on high and
noble prtnciples. Yet the expressions ofinterracial harmony are
hopelessly unfounded. Yet what is happening inMozambique. where a
campaign of extermination is being waged by thePortuguese
colonialtsts against the African population provides a clear and
vividexample of the policies and principles of the Potugese"
colonial rog1m.Porugal's policy of "apartheidis based on the
doctrine that the mass of Africansare culturally, morally and
educationally unprepared to exercisePortuguesecitizenship.
Therefore the lawenvisages two Classes of Inhabiants. The
nao-ndigenas : whites, mulaisce andasslmilados, (assimilated
Africans) who by law enjoy full citizenship rights and regoverned
by the Portuguese common law, and the indigenas (ntives) governed
bya complex of controls known as the regime de indfiesato ".Having
established these classes.the Portuguesehave taken systematic step$
to keep down. exploit and effec. tuallyclose against the indigenous
Afr can every avenue improvementHere. Your Excellencies. we wish to
call your esteemed attention to the fact thatdiscrimination is
largely prac. tsed in the form of prejudices by colour. race
andclass which has been rightly recognized as of social and
psycholo. gical origin andan inhuman evil. Yet the government of
Portugw. pracuring every form ofinhuman justice against humanity,
remains a. member. of the5 world orgunizationwith the full support
of professed chrisan and democratic nations.. Portugal hasirlso
practised by force, miscegenation. race Mixing, slavery
slavelabour, forcedor contract whtch have all been designed to dqe
riorate the Africanpeople interms of population, life and death
rate. The system of establishlng localgovernment control for the
specific benefit of Porat. gal for the past four hundredyears must
be ended far the cause of human jusuce, peace and human
dignity.
-
On the otherhand even the assimilados do not enjoy the
facilities of Portuguesecitizenship, for they do not have the means
to acquire them. The process of-assimilation Implemented in 1917
requires the African to prove that hecan readand write Portuguese
fluently and correctly, have, severed all- 9 -uMMew
~e..g5iiaRsw5.'sJ
tribal cannextons. and has adopte habit and customs proposed
fatapplication ofthe Portuguese Car Law and have a suitable occupan
provide stable means ofliving. It sl he noted however. Your Excelle
that it is only an individual of the canrace who can be an-indigena
not a Portuguese white setler, no a how illiterate hemay be. The vs
police has been directed towards taining a docile-cheap
labourforceIn 1945. Professr.r* Aarcelotano. then MiNister of
'Colonies. vi officially.M.ozambique. As an imp ment for the
colony, he decreed increasingof the huttax. Unmas women (from the
age of 18) and wi4 who had not reached theage cyears were forced to
be registere the tax records. The low envisaged womenshould pay
half of the n contributions. At that stage, the am was 200 escudos
perindividual, then 100 escudos per female taxpayer. a] dy
overloaded by cotton, riceand nut fields, which the administrative
thortties had distributed tothem. I moreworse, they were forced to
a with them the famous twenty-five booklet ofidentification-
Cderneta digena- for their identificatiqn. vu required by
thecolonial authorties. In 19. the population sa-urated hunger,
provoked by thedespotic rotof the supervisors of cotton fields tax
and the intensified seizures ofpe for the plantations of Sou Tome,
the pulation revoted against those barbatrocities of the Portuguese
tyrants. I diless to mention, the result ofthe r Ilionwas
afflictive and horrible. considerable number of men and war In the
rebelliondistrict of Lourenco rques-more than S00 were expatri to
SS ' Tome; others wereconvicte,d the prison terms ranging between
hot 'to-the sixteen years and finally- others were mmon killed
without pity.on toould In .953. in Sao Tome, there wasnctes a
revolt of forced labourers demanding Afni- lberty. better
conditions andrecognitio and of their rights as human beings.
The.,otter claimers w-re severely punished add thole more than I00
people werekilled, and main- many others wounded.In the same year,
1955 another Con. popular revolt took place at Mumbone.,sited
district of Inhambane. caused by the rove- poisoning of food-tuff
destinedfor distri. the button to the population which. boause
,ried of bad harvest thatyew. was starving. dows A post of the
population received the If ,'food. and'later discovered that t was
d in poisoned. The President of the Nucleo thatNegrofico de Monica
a Sofala. Mr. ,ixlen's pence Simango alerted the populationut and
issued a protest beloe he criminal dore authorities. The results
weresaddeing. irea- Hundreds of people were arrested id pea- others
were shot
-
dead. The prisoners aus- who ate sill serving indefinite prison
iuch terms are:Chief Matique, GabrieL Mearry .anga, Rev. Machavo,
S. Simango (Perpagesident of he NucleuI Negrofsco), Julio i In-
fintata. Gil Mandonca andother'me,,hen hers of the Nucleu
Negrofico. Fernando Yet, Maniena and son.Albano Mundeco. with Tome
Mutuaro Mandivanle, Brito Sima. ,nt- ngo.Chimbirombtro Simango and
having hut died in prisons: MacanguisseTinto andDple Albano Mundeco
paaria The wave of terrorism does not8ee- enve begin to end there.
In 1956 'the she- port of Loure o Marques chiefpohce,A requtsited
the "Malanga police squadronnen. for suppressing a revolt organized
by Ma. the shibaloss (forced labourers)and ted other dock workers
who demanded d to better wages. goodallmentaion. betterT1o-y -
IN V.kor conditions and reasonable wO. king homs. (It is known
that forced lar bourein the parts and harbour, section in
Mozambique work fourteen hours per day.Sunday inclusive.) The
cavalry arrived and dominated the revolution havingcaused the los
of forty-nine lives and many wounded, whose sole crime was tocall
for their fundamental human rights. The Mozambican population
protestedbut the leaders were sent to concentration camps in thie
north of the colony.. The most remarkable was the recent, revolt of
Mueda in the Cabo Delgadodistrict in 1960. in which the colontalsts
massacred6O nationalists protestingagainst the cruel foreign
domination. It was truly a horrible and lamentable eventin the
history of a notion fighting and suffering for their independence,
freedomand liberty for the past 465 years.In 1962, in Mossurize,
Mrs. Seven, Maveneka, Mr. Faduka Mwancdda and Mr.Mutt Mumbuka were
shot by the 'Portuguese light brigade while they tried to crasthe
border into the Rhodesia.No one ignores what happens in the
concentration camps of Marupa, Macha.agalane, Manhica. bo Island.
Nhangau and the Island of Inhaca, where hundredsof prisoners, on
their first day of arrival are forced to dig the graves "for no
onewill have to dig the grave for you when you are dead'*. so say
the campsupervisors. Above the unfortunate Africans'graves, a
banana tree is usuallyplanted. These camps are truly hells in this
world, for seldom the prisoners get outof there. The concentration
camps are huge rice fields which the prisonerscultivate from
sunrise to sunset without rest. There is no meal time hour.
Themeals are served in the work locations.by people especially
engaged forood distribution. It is sad. but it does exit. Andwe
only wish Your Excellencies would be persistent enough to see for
yourselveswhat our people endure under theoppressive heels of-the
bisl Portuguese.
-
The echo of the speech by .the then Minister of Colonies, Dr.
Adrino Moteira, in1952 proclaiming the end of the' system of
INDIGENATO in the colnies, wasonly to evade from the United Na.
tions attacks, but the system remained Intact.Indeed, the law of 6
September 1961, was a bluff and never a reality. It was notfor the
benefit of either thm. nauives or the non-natives. On the contrary.
itprejudiced both paties. lnstre of all enjoying the rights
prescribed by this law,more classes than those existing were
established. Though. we have nati. yes.whose documents of
identicoiokr is the "Cderneta indigena "- civilized natives ( anew
class).identtufed by a special idenufication card, and the
out.milados-Identification card 'similar. to that of the Portuguese
ciuzens.- The exI. stingdifference between civilized nativu and
assimilados is that. the first,only speakPortuguese and do not have
i salary equal to that of the 'assimilado In this law,there exists
onlythe efUA lity of tax- 360 escudos per individuol. In respect
toassimilados a futher10 pe cent tax on the salary is collectedthi
Professional Taxplus t5O escudos per individual for Military Tax.
Immediately uponthis law wasimplemented, various difficulties came
up for its integral fulfilment. ?Therefore itwas never put. into
force. The first reaction came from par tiaular companyowners who
did' riot want to Increasa the salaries of the"new Portuguese
citizens,of . black colour ; Most of these lost the little they ha
only to be substituted intheir work by
the settlers daily arriving in the country from Portugal and the
Madeira Islands.Here Your excellancie we point out the brutal
treatment of the Portu. guese intheir Policy of taxation without
representation, taxation without the right to vote.Flagrant
violations of the United Nations Charter.In the C. F. M.
(Mozambique Railways) and other government offices. whereforced
labourers are counted in the thousands, as a fulfilment ofthe
samelaw. thesupple of forced labouters was interrupted with the
idea of substituting them byvoluntary workers with a maximum salary
of twenty escudos daily to bepaidweekly. For two months, a great
loss was verified in the governmentaccounts.Then, the said law was
revoked secretly be the colonial Governor General whoordered all
local administrations to send back the "SHIBALOS". Forexample,
inthe port of Lourenco Marques, the first group of " shibalos"
received, was of 140men from the local administration, of Massanga
in March 196l1 They cameindoctrinated that in case of being asked
whether they were " shibalos " orvolunteers, the answer should be.
".we are 'shibalo volunteers"From six escudosthey were receiving
dally'they then earned eight escudos.That is: 180 escudos to240
escudos monthly.It is a dream to think that in Portuguese colonies,
while British colonialism andAmerican nee- colonialism still exists
in Africa, the " shibalo '" system will end. Itis true that the
British and Ame. ricans are the perpetuators of the forced
laboursystem in Africa, although they put the blame on Portugal as
the executor, a smallunder-developed European country, the mere
pawn in the handsof the larger Powers giving sUpport to another
white brother nation in the f1wmily of colonialist exploir
-
These nations thrive and make Portugese colonialism thrive with
there onthesacrifices and misery of the Mozambican people through
the unsarupulousmachinations of investments which in turn food the
colonahsits and sustain theireconomy in Mozambique and elsewhere in
the world.There is no doubt' or should be "any doubt any further,
that the bigcompanies inMozambique belong to the British and
Americans who operate them through thePortuguese. and that they
both consume more cheap labour than the Portuguesegovernment
offices in Mozambique. Among others, there are the
Anglo-AmericanSugar plantations, Xinavane-lncomau Estates. Sena
Sugar, Donaiana. AmericanGulf Oil Company, Sisal and Tea Companies,
all great consumers of-" shibalo .-Outside Mozambique where the
Mozrmbicon Afticans are sold, in this case inSouthern Rhodesia. we
have among others, the following companies:CHIPINGA COMPANY WITH
THEFOLLOWING WORK ZONESTageanda Tea Co. with branches at: JERZEY -
ZONA- IETTLE HOOK andNYASALAND. ,Abafoyle Plantatons with branches
at:ZINDI and NYANGANI.These are all Tea Companies located along
.the border of MozambiqueMost ofthe above mentioned companies are
owned by the British South AtricanCompany.
~~t7POU T COHIISSIONSStapeforsd with branches at NYA. NGANI-
ORANGE GROVE- UON GROVEand LION HILLSSilvusreatm with branches at
GWENZI- VATONDO - CHIPiNGAMILSETTER- INYANGA and NYA MAROPA.Cheba
at PENHALONGA.In all thesecompanies, the workers ore Mozambicans,
sold by the Portuguese tothe British masters.The Great Kariba Dam
in Central Africa was built with the use of cheapMozambican labour.
Many Mozambicans lost their lives In that gorge and thePortugnese
receivedmillions of Sterling Pounds in compensation for the
lostAfrican lives, and not one shilling for the families remaining
in their sorrow.. Who dies in the South African MinesAfter various
conventions between South Africa and the colonial
GovernmentofPortugal, over the supply of cheap labour, it was
finally agreedand guaranteedthat this supply should he paid for by
the percentage-ax for the Transvaal transitgoods through the
Lourenco Marquss port. It is through this that the convention
of1928 allowed agents of the mining companies the Witwatersrand
Native LabourAssociation (W.N. LA.). to recruit up to 800.000
Africans annually, andestablished that 47-5 per cent of the sea
traffic to and from the Transvaal wouldpass through the port of
Lourenco Marquee.Needless to mention, that the business Is highly
profitable for the colonialGovernment of Portugal while in Moza.
mbiqite. but bore misery, suffering and
-
exploitation to the Indigenous Aflcan people in their own
country. It does not onlymake the port of Laurenco Marques one of
the beat pasts in-the world, but thecolonial Government accumulats
taxes and wealth from each worker who inreturn brings his salary to
spend in Mozambique..in that perpetual circle ofexploittioa where
the money flows out and returns to the payer. Hence, agatnstthese
advantages on the pad of the Portuguese. there are disadvantages on
the partof the Africans. The mortality of mine workers is terrible
and sometimes reachesthe average of 67.6 per cent per 1000. in
1960, Mozambique witnessed days ofmourning, due to the great
disaster in the Coal Brook Mine in South Africa, inwhich 200
Mozambican, died. Por the imperialist Government. the new of
thedisaster came as a lottery winning ticket, because the families
of the victims wereindemnified by the South African Chamber of
Mines, the money of which endedin'the pockets of the Portuguese
colonial GovernmentAs you Sir. Mr. Chairmanwill see, until 1960 the
Mozambicon people werealways suffering, but reacingintermaitte.
atly against the barbaric so-called Pub.lic Security Police. When
the independence of the Congo (Leopoldville) wasproclaimed-
followed by dramatic eve. nts, the Portuguese Gestapo-PDE"(Pollcia
Internacionale de Defesa do Estado 1 started anew wave of terror
andhorror. This was followed by a wave of imprisonment. Old-men,
women and theyoung people were crowded into goo, and until this day
some'are still within thePIDEs dark rooms and torture eamhers.
Innocent people are committed withouttrial, families without bread
and help, all fight desparately for their free. dom.Some people
like Dr. Agosdnao Ilunga, Tomas Nhatumba Dentz MondlIIj-13-!
(expatriated to Lisbon), J. Rivas St Francisco Mozuze Ali Macaba
and are allpaying unfair sentences. I suffered from cruel tortures
n the-dark rooms or torture chambers. the prisoners are subjected
to havebread and water for a perioddays.It should be noted that the
in gation room, where the prisoners roughtorment andindescribable
tot they are left thirteen or more days nterruptedly0
instandingpositions hout sleeping, while being wache the arrogant
guards who are cha everyfour hours. This is the moont people face
P]DE Investigations. prisoners remainincommunicablea not receive
visitors during six mc except on rare occasions.In Ht61 when the
Angola exploded. all the autochthonous or genous population
ofMozambique disarmed of all sharp instrument prevent another
revolution. So theyThe result of of these measureswc put all of the
population in a dtif situation in asfar as the crop work concerned
because without a hoe or it was not possible forour peopl work in
the fields.Your excellencies,
-
There is no doubt that we b been made a separate.and distinct
and against us everyavenue to im vement is effectually closed. We
still being discriminated because ofrace, pre vented from acquiring
suit( education, forced to work without chcseparated from our
families, cheatec our labours and left to die inbondo slowlybut
sure, one by one day a day. We the Portuguese colonized Afrit
ofMozombipue are forced to lead agauke, worse than slavery in our
country of others birth; a life of misery andpoverty. The Dthers
Africans are sill being denied the right PIDE's of rsemblywhether
for political or trade here, union purposes. ,onlyof ten It is
therefore hard to escape theconclusion that a well planned genocide
operation is being conducted onthe 7,terro- million innocent and
unarmed Africans Io th- of Mozambique by thePortuguese coinlures,
nial regime with the aid of the NATO , ant- Powers.Swit With the
aid she receives from thed by NATO Powers and her allies, the
Govealged rament of Portugal has beenable so er our construct
during the past three year. The f five new militarybases as well as
toid do maintain a force of about 40,000 troops onths, The creation
ofthese basesis a measureinimical to the real interests ol the Mo.
crisis zombican people and athreat topeace. was Flying box-cors
laden with soldierswas arrive frequently from Portugal at Lou5s to
renco Marques andBeira.Apart from saidi the existing milirary air
bases, civil aris to fields are beingused by the Portuguese icult
air force. Others. some with runways was longenough to take jet
aircraf, troop axe carners have been and are beinghas. e toily
built in the wild inland terrain throughout the country, with the
use of Africanforced labour working from dawnto dusk under the ever
present .ave threat ofbeing killed. Some 200 bush-lass air-strips
have now been created in the pro- territory, made ready forlanding
troops are and other security forces. All troops rb our armed with
thelatest automatic rifle, able" mortars, heavy and light machine
guns ,Ice, andother forms of military equipment I of supplied to
Portugal by her NATO allies.ge, Portuguese farmers working in
cottage fter communities in rural areas canfreely :ans buy
sub-machine guns or rifle, and life revolvers at their localstores
and- 14-
ammunition too, is muddy avadable to white settlers In
Mozambique'a towns andvillages. With the Portuguese colonlal policy
oriented as it is, there is no doubtthat suchaid as is being
offered to Portugal mainly by the United States andBritain can only
increase the determina.tion on the pan of the Portuguese to enslave
further the Africans and toexterminate them, as can already be
seen.It is therefore now time Your Excellencies,that they be called
to order.In the carrying out of its oppressive
-
policies, the colonial Government of Portugal is also backed by
the fascistGovernment of South Africa and the white settler
Government of the Federationof Rhodesiaand Nyasaland. who are also
bent an the further enslavement of theAfrican people. The principal
aim of these farces is to suppress theliberationmovement of the
African and entrench colonialism and Imperialism.Because of several
agreements reached bythese colonial Governments.Mozambicans living
in South Africa and the Rhodesiap are being kidnapped bythe
Portuguese secret police (PIDE) with the assistance of Verwoerd
andWellensky police:In April 1962, two men from Mozambique who had
lived in South Africa formore than twenty years, Mr. Edward Ngubent
and Mr. Phillip Sobral, werekidnapped by the Johannesburg police.
taken to the bolder under police escort andhanded over to the
Portuguese authorities for "alleged 'political offences.
Theirwivesremained the sole supporters*of the family with no hope
of gettind assistance from anywhere Since thaf time.the two men
have not been heard of. In the same year and month, Apnl. 1962;
Mr.Jaime Rivas Sigauke, was kid-napped In S sbury. Southern
Rhodesia and expatriated under police escort toMozambique. Others
who were kidnapped in Southern Rhodesia during t6e sameyear are
ilpe Madzodzere and Robert Amargo. Mr. Sigauke who has been
inprison in Mozambique-for momn than IS months without trial,
wasfinallybrought before a Portuguese colonial military tribunal,
chargedwith "'tryin to ta itthe people agdast the Corersmeet" and
was sentenced to two year imprisonmenton August-190. PMllpe
Madzodzere and Roberto Amargo. were acquitted ofsimilar charges in
the some day. One of the recent cases was the kidnapping ofMr.
Peter Balamanla in June, 190, Mr. Balamanja was kidnapped in
Salisbury.,and with his family left behind, was expatriated to
Moan. mbique.The Portuguese campaign of tarror is
rapidlyincreasing. Day by day Ai. cans arecondemned by the
undercover men of PIDE. During tha mOnth' of November,1962. several
people were shot near Nompula and many Others arrested after
anattempt to blow- up a bridge. In a village near Villa Cabral, 20
people, were shotby a platoon of Portuguese soldiers. On the
previous day, a Portu. guese militarypatrol vehicle was ambushed
near the village. two soldiers were killed and thevehicle burnts.
What happened in the port of Lourenco Marques a few monthsago,
isstill fresh in our minds. A strike organized by the dock.
workers,indemand of better workntg conditions, better wages, the
abolishing of the forcedlabour system and. their recognition as
human beings, result&d Inthe arrest ofmany people, out of
whichfifty -three were killed by the Portuguese. accusingthem to be
thering leaders.- Is -
I~1II4
-
iiI ~iYour Excellencies, Mr. Chairman, we must present one of
the most recent reportsfrom the interior of Mozambipue. Our eye-
witness report speaks of the brutalpolicy of destruction and
exterrnination of the indigenous African populauon bythe Portuguese
colonialists. "I deserted my home in panic without anydestinationor
money because of the actual situation which has become far more
critical andlamentable each day. The colonialists realizing the day
of their eventual doom isnearing, are now using all forms of
reprisals and extermination within their reach.Apart from the
teritble 'Shtbao ( forced labour ) which the entire world has
heardof by now, it is worth mentioning the numerous plisons,
immorality andthepoisoning of foods which our people live on and
watch in, silence. In theconnexion of the poisoning of foods which
I want to speak of. this is the new armof "cleansing" by the
Portuguese. This happened recently in Gaza, Mozambique,in the month
of February, 116. Torrential rains accompanied by heavy
stormsdestroyed all the crops thus resulting in starvation in many
parts of the Save riverand Beira district. Thc Portuguese taking
advantage of this, distributed to thehunger stricken, maize-meal,
groundnuts and sogar, which was without doubtpoinsoned. The result
was that many of the people who received thefood endedeither in
graves or in hospitals.Yes Your Excellencies,these are just a few
of theatrocious acts committed by the Portuguese upon human beings.
African in theirown country simply because the Creator made them
black and willed them tomultiply and replenish the earth.Other
eye-witnesses have reported similar inicidents to our party.In
January in the section of Potts and * Harbours Laurence Mmques,
aPrtuguese.leader in bay No. J. poisonedtwq casks of wine with
sulphate of sodawhen the casks were declared damaged; The* result
of this criminal act was thedeath of 33 African labourem,. The
crminal was not bioughit to lustice. But theacts of Portuguese
malice does not stop here.-In March, this year, in a sugar factory
of Xtnavance, the Portuguese repeated thesame acts. This time with
the poisoning ofthe river water. Once again hundredsof people died.
This is the type of life the African endures in Mozambique.
underthe rule of Portugu. ea cruelty.One is forced to ask, where is
peace, Justice and the liberty or equalhuman rightsproclaimed by
theworld Organization of the United Nations which harbours sucha
Member, who can proudly boast, "In Mozambique, there are no
Mozambicansbut Portuguese, " or, " Mozambique' does not exist
without Portugal". Can theUnited Nations tolerate this travesty*.
must we the indigenous African beexpected to'tolerat it any
longer?Portugal has long spoken of her. civilizing mission which is
written into theorganic law. It is said that it is the essence of
Portugal's overseasmission to raisethe moral and social levels of
the Africans of her colonial possesisons. The policyof asstmilado
has failed and the African people have rejected both the
alternativeof either. becoming-Portuguese citizens or living as
"INDIGLIAS'" We wouldlike to live as free people intour
country.
-
But can such work of civilizing be based on the total
suppression Of truth, adenial of fundamental human rights, a denial
of the dignity of the human beingand tihe" oppression of
man-through the use of armed might ? Or is. it a mockeryof the
United Nations Charter which binds the nations-of the world
together in acode of conduct based on justice and respect of
international obligation ? Vio.lence begets violence, and although
Portuguese repression Is ruthless, the Moza.mhican natiosialist
urge Is ever stronger.BeI ctuse of all these fundamentallyinhuman
acts and because of the inherent right of every human beingto
rulehimself and pay allegiance only to a Government of his choice
;' All peoples havethe right to self- determination; by virtue of
that right they freely determine theirpolitical status and freely
pursue their economic, social and cultural deve.lopment. "" The
Mozambique NationalDemocratic Union resolves that we:(a)
*Completely rejects that the colonyof Mozambique Is a province
ofPotugal;(b) Denounces as deliberate falsehoodthe widely
circulated claim by the Portuguese Government that the African
peopleenjoy the same rights as any Portuguese citizen;(c) Strongly
condemns the economicexploitation, political oppression and social
degradation to whichthe Africanpeople are subjected underPortuguese
colonial rule;V (d) Strongly condemns Portuguese colonialism which
has been marked bynaked fascist repression, savage brutality and
organized terrorismThe Mozambique National Democratic Union
demands:- 17-__ 2-iI. The Immediate and unconditionalrelease of all
political prisoners and detainees now .suffering in- Potu.guess
prisons in Mozambique, Par.tugal andother territories
under.Portuguese colonial adminstration;., 2: The immediate
dismantling ofall militarybases inimical to the Interests of the
African people in Moza.mbicque.3. The immediate granting of
complete and unconditional independence o theAfrican people of
Mozambique.PERORATIONThe presence of Portugal in Mazsmbique during
almost five centuries,createdconflicts between tribes thus
fomenting misunderstandings. This system as wehave seen, being used
by the Oppressors, since the beginning of theircolonization,
cosnues to be used to the present day. The use of
religionfordividing purposes and the dissemination of intrigues
between the so-called-indi-' genas" assimilados and mullatos, are
elements which the ' colonialists use inorder to perpetuate their
domination over, us.
-
There is no doubt that the Portuguese co!onial government is an
Insult to Mo-zambique. They kill, impoverish and rob millions of
man. utllizinga system ofprogressive and ruinous human
exploitation. Politically, they reduce us toservitude. They abused
our traditions and now, through the medium of heirgeneral
mobilization policy, of settlers, for Mozambique, theyliquidate us,
dayafter day, one by one.It seems clear to us that responsible
Portuguese statesmen do not want to plan anyalteration in their
extermination policy adopted since 1491 Mozambique
lives today under a terrible tax pressure. Hut tax; 350 escudos;
professional tax ;10 per cent of every salary above 1.000 escudos I
Even water thatnature hasobliged us. in order to live.- has high
prices (10 escudos for each 20 litres), thusrawng the cost of
living for the African.For the poor Mozanbican, this tax is even
heavier, by the simple fact that he isobliged to drink more water
than the rich white settler. The excise and medi duetax is also an
aggravation for the poor Mozambicans, as it tends to dostroy
thefoundation of his life and meorals With the appearance of the
medicalhospitalization tax, the health of the indige. * nos African
population is put infofurther danger. The arrival of Portuguese
illiterates and other settlers continuesand unemployment
increases.With the constant arrival of Europeon troops, there have
been frequent moralviolations over the country. Kil lings increase
along the border, wherein theindigenous African population seeks
refuge in the neighbouring countries,attempting to
escape."Shithalo". unemployment, impristnment. massacres, high
taxes and assaults, thisis the present situation in Mozambique.Mr.
Chairman distinguished delegates. we have presented here to this
body. a case-with numerous facts which we hope and trust shall be
given every possibleconsideration for speedy and effective action.
It is not only the desires, ambitionsandaspirations of a people. to
be rid of the Portugues exploiters and oppressors, itis also the
will and determination of a people to be free from domination.It is
the duty of Member Nations here to champion the cause of
humanity,r.Ar..-human justice., liberty and fredom lt people
wherever they might be undwe theyoke of colonialism and
suppression.We, on behalf of the Mozambique Nationo. Democrati
Union (UDENAMO) andthe indigenous African people f Mozambique,
demand of the United Nations tolet the word know the plight of our
people, so that world opinion may not bedirected against us whets
we take matters Into our own hands as our brothen didin
Alger.WHY?Today we are in the midst of aso.ther attempt of
"civilizing the African".We only hope that world opinion will, as
it seems to. awokbn before the missn isfinally accomplished and
Mozambique becomes a vast graveyard ofthe im sonsand daughters of
Afric.
-
Our petition hts is for the United Nations to consider with all
haste such acondemning resolution againstPortugal. that the peoples
of the worldwill take. upthe question of oppsing'any and all forms
of treaty agreementsbetween theircountries and Portugal That any
form of restriction, of aid to Portugal, might be sooffectively
ithheld that Portugal shall be forced to withdraw form the
Africancontinent,There are today many outstanding persons of
different countries;who ar. speakingof the dangers which exh inthe
southern portions of Africa,. threatsto the peace ofthe world which
could easily embroil such nations as the United States,
Britain.South Africa and Portugal, because of th racial situation
where a minority ofwhites still vainly wish to dominate millions of
Africans for the sakeof6exploitation and white rule.The fuses of
racinl conflict have
a -a usn j acOi Ca tremains upto the Ufited Nations as an
:Irganlztion for world peace, toavert fut,"wan in behalf of
humanity and Peacesc and eelngovem t. forh A a ieopte e,Mr Chaman
le our mege to this world assembly, we beg to emphasdi once more
that there is only onefeaible way to put an end to tho dsgraceu
mul-secular colonial sita.-tton. and dhat it;-"M I WM1tJ1AT*RANTNIN
O OF COMPLET& INDEPENDENCg TOMOZAMBIQUEWe have the honour to
be.Zers . Be-pwiqra David J. M. Muakds.Member.- Student Vice-
PresidentFor the MOZAMBIQUE NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC UNION (UDENAMO).. .
Novomb,. 13. General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) of 14 December
1960,by which the General Assembly declared 1lte e11- that
immediate steps be takento transfer all powers to the people of
these Tertores without any conditions orreservation in accordance
with their freely expressd wishes; withoutdistinction asto race,.
creedor colcur M order to enable them to enjoy complete freedom
ardIndependence,I. C4e41s resolulon 1514 (XV) of the General
Assembly of 14 Decombher £6 0I Affirms that the policies of
Portugal in claiming the Territoriesunder itsadministration as-
Overseas " terratories and as integral parts of
metraopolitanPortugal are contrary to-the principles of the Charter
and the relevant resolutionsof the GeneralAssembly and Security
Council;3. Deproces the attitude ofde Porm.guese Government. its
repeated vio.lotions of the principles of the UntedNations Charter
and its continued refusal to implement the resoludos of theGeneral
Assembly and of theSecudt* Council:
-
It should be noted that the colonialgovernment of Portugal has
not complied withthe resolutions of this world body of which she is
a member.mmThe fourth Committee, having concluded the hawing and
the qu Of the1petitioners. then resumed cnsde raton of the draft
resolution on the Terrtes underPortuguese admlntstralon.'The draft
resolution would have the General Assembly request
theSecarityCouncil to " Consider Immediately the question of
Terrtories under Portu guonadministration " and to adopt necesary
measures to give effect toits ownresolutions and desicions,
prlarilady those contained in its resolution of July. 193.It would
further have the Generel Assembly decide to keep the Itemon
teagendaofihecurrentsession. , RESOLUTION ADOPTED bY THE
SECURITYCOUNCIL AT ITS I04VrH taEiNd ON 31 JULY 1610Having n ned
the anvation in the Teritoris under Portuguese as subnitted by
thethirty - two African memeber Statee.Recll" Securty Council
resolution IA4WS of June ,961 and General Assemblyresolutions 1807
(XVII) of 14 December it2 and 1819 (XVII) of is DecemberROocar
General Assembly retain. tion 1542 (XV) of i5 December 19o
whichdeclares the Territories under Portuguese admintstraon to be
Non-Self GoverningTerritories within the meaning of Chapter XI of
the Charter, as wellas_7t
dErtbe UDENÅMO1 d~..uo t. the UNo iiste.nitothT w r r~ s o n d e
r P u r t g ~ e a d m J htW t