Improving Water Security in Water Stressed Bagmati River Basin, Nepal.

Improving Water Security in Water Improving Water Security in Water p o g ate Secu ty atep o g ate Secu ty ateStressed Stressed BagmatiBagmati River Basin,River Basin,

Ram Kumar Shrestha & Rabindra RayRam Kumar Shrestha & Rabindra RayNepalNepal

y(Engineer)

Government of NepalMinistry of Urban Development

y(Engineer)

Government of NepalMinistry of Urban Development

High Powered Committee for Intregated Development of Bagmati Civilization (HPCIDBC)

High Powered Committee for Intregated Development of Bagmati Civilization (HPCIDBC)

www.bagmati.gov.np

I t d ti

ContentsContents

Introduction

Bagmati Action Plang

Status of Activities

Future Plan

Th f d The way forward

Conclusion

Nepal

rPar

t

Bagmati River

Upp

er

Bagmati River Basin in Nepal

ddle

par

tM

idw

erPa

rtTotal Catchment area : 3750 sq. km.

T l l h f h i i

LowTotal length of the river in

Nepal : 220km

Bagmati River in Kathmandu Valley

A few length of Bagmati River in KV

6

Water Use – Drinking,

Key Areas on Water Security in Bagmati River Basin

Water Resource Development and

Management

g,Irrigation and others

Water Resource – surface & Ground water

Upper BagmatiRiver Basin

Management & Ground waterWater QualityFlood ControlRiver Basin

River Area Management

Riverfront environmentSolid wastesquatter and encroachment of the riverillegal sand mines

Water Resource Development & Irrigation

Middle and Lower Bagmati

Development & Management

Irrigation

Flood Control

River Basin Water Disaster Mitigation Debris flow

Watershed conservation

Importance of Bagmati River

B ti Ri d itBagmati River and itswatershed is veryimportant for Nepal,Strategically religiously

Pashupatinath

Strategically, religiously,culturally, economically,socially andenvironmentally.environmentally.

Kathmandu, the capitalcity, situated on theybanks of Bagmati.

The length of BagmatiDhap Sunarighat

within Kathmandu Valleyis 45 km.

People bathing at Guheswori Gaurighat

Issues/Problems of Bagmati in Kathmandu

Decrease in river flow Disposal of untreated waste water

Encroachments of river regimewater regime

Solid waste dumping on river bank

sand extraction Haphazard urbanization and rapid populationbank and rapid population growth

Discharge of Bagmati RiverDischarge of Bagmati River Discharge of Bagmati River

28.7634.75

25

30

35

ecs

• High difference in dry and wet

12.5315.42

18.77

10

15

20

25

scha

rge

Cum

edry and wet weather flow

1.98 3.44 3.22

0

5

10

Dis

ti l i t

• Water shortage in

GokarnaJorpati

Tilganga

Shankhamul

Babarmahal

Thapathali

Sundarighat

Khokama

Location

shortage in dry season

Dry Season Discharge m3/s Monsoon Discharge m3/s

Variation of BOD along Bagmati RiverVariation of BOD along Bagmati River600

400

500

300

400

OD

(mg/

L)

100

200BO

Sundarijal Gokarna Jorpati Guheshwori Tilganga Minbhawan Sankhamul Thapathali Teku Dovan Sundarighat0

100

Dec. 3 8 18 13 130 320 220 430 250Jan. 2 17 44 26 220 320 178 256 350 280Feb. 3 14 46 15 147 310 190 335 410 370Mar. 7 8 49 12 198 277 234 247 460 352

Water Quality of the Bagmati and its TributariesWater Quality of the Bagmati and its Tributaries

B ti A ti PlBagmati Action Plan

Bagmati Action Plan has been Bagmati Action Plan has been developed by HPCIDBC & NTNC with the financial support of UNEP and UNHABITATand UNHABITAT.

Bagmati Action Plan was approved by the Government of Nepal in August 2009.

It envisages HPCIDBC as the lead implementing agency for river

t i t i tsystem environment improvement in Kathmandu.

Zoning of the Kathmandu ValleyBagmati Action Plan …….

Zoning of the Kathmandu Valley

Natural Conservation

Rural

Zone 1

Zone 2 Rural

Peri Urban

Urban

Zone 2

Zone 3

Zone 4 Urban

Down Stream

Zone 4

Zone 5

VisionBagmati Action Plan …….

Vision

Clean, green and healthy river system in Kathmandu valley; that is full of life and valued by all.

Mandate/Resonsibility to HPCIDBC Policy formulation and Planning for restoration of River

t i th it l it K th d V ll

Mandate/Resonsibility to HPCIDBC

system in the capital city, Kathmandu Valley Construction of infrastructure to protect and restore the

Bagmati River SystemBagmati River System• Construction of sewer system • Construction of waste water treatment plant• Construction of access road and green belt

Defining the river alignment and width of flow regime Monitor and regulate the activities along the river side

area

Financial StatusFinancial Status

60 54

40

50

60

41

5446

40

29

20

3029

4 5 5 5 5

0

10

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5

3.8 4 4.5 5 5.5

Required BudgetMUSD

Expected AllocationMUSD

Activities Carried out by HPCIDBC

Activities Carried out by HPCIDBC …………..

Conservation of water recharge areas, Dhap (origin of Bagmati)

Beforre

Noww

Construction of sewer lines, green belts, access roads along the Activities Carried out by HPCIDBC

…………..Construction of sewer lines, green belts, access roads along the river, river demarcation and bank protection work

O ti f W t W t T t t Pl t t G h i

Activities Carried out by HPCIDBC …………..

Operation of Waste Water Treatment Plant at Guheswori

Capacity: 16.3 MLDp y

Guheswori to Tilganga Tunnel length : 572 m Dia: 2m

Drying Bed

Monthly average COD of influent and effluent of

1600

Monthly average COD of influent and effluent of the Waste Water Treatment Plant, HPCIDBC

1200

1400

1600

Influent

Effluent

800

1000

CO

D m

g/l

400

600

C

0

200

Apr-12 May-12 Jun-12 Jul-12 Aug-12 Sep-12

Bagmati River Bank Protection work/River trainingActivities Carried out by HPCIDBC …………..

Bagmati River Bank Protection work/River training

Now Before

Towards a Bagmati River Basin Road Map

Where we are? Where do we get there? Where do we want to go?

Water resource Develop & implement a Socially, environmentally development dangerously

unsustainable in the upper Watershed

p psustainable Water resource Mgt. system for deep GW use

y, y& economically sustainable WS & WWTP in the valley

Lane 1

River environment management almost out of

control

Develop and implement comprehensive River

Environment Mgt. system (Bagmati Action Plan)

Clean, green & healthy river system that if fulof life & valued by allLane 2

control

Rapid and unsustainable urban

(Bagmati Action Plan)

Sustainable Water Resource development

Infrastructure in the lower basin and disaster Lane 3 development in

lower basin

Limited capacity and f

& Irrigation Water use Management

support a step wise

mgt. creating opportunities outside KV

Multi-stakeholders

Lane 3

resources from Governmental institution &

civil society to bring adequate response to basin

issues

approach for bldg. inter-sector collaboration, awareness & appr.

Decision

mechanisms for integrated management of water resources in the

basin

Lane 4

IWRM I l t ti B ti ( i i l )IWRM Implementation on Bagmati (principle)

VisionClean, green and healthyriver system in Kathmandu;

Water Induced Di t

river system in Kathmandu; that is full of life and valued by all.

Water

River Environment Management

Disaster Management

I t iti l tresource Management

Intuitional setup

Infrastructure

InformationFoundation of Four "I"s

Involvement of Stakeholders

Future Plan Rainwater harvesting, Ground water recharge and

livelihood development in buffer zone. Augmentation of river discharge by constructing

dam in upper Bagmati.Watershed Management activities in upper

Bagmati. (ADB/PPTA/8050)

Dam Height Storage Yield

Nagmati Dhap 18 m 0.7 mcm 24 l/s

Nagmati 60 m 5.0 mcm 230 l/s

Bagmati 50 m 3.4 mcm 200 l/s

Contour Photograph of proposed Dam siteFuture Plan …..

Contour Photograph of proposed Dam site

Proposed WWTP in Kathmandu

Gokarna)

Guheshwori

Madhyapur Thimi)

Bhaktapur

Balkumari 216 MLD

Sundarighat

397 MLD

Bhaktapur

NakhuChovar

The Way Forward

Developing HPCIDBC as a subsidiary River Basin Organization (RBO) for Kathmandu V llValley. Institutional Strengthening and capacity

development of HPCIDBCdevelopment of HPCIDBC. Defining organization for Bagmati Basin.

Conclusion

• Bagmati River and its tributaries environmentalsituation has not deteriorated IRREVERSIBLY. It

b t d i t ll ith tcan be regenerated environmentally with supportfrom Development Partners, Donor Agencies, CivilSociety, NGOs and INGOs etc.

• As Bagmati attaches spiritual and emotionalsignificance to the Nepali people (most of thesignificance to the Nepali people (most of theimportant temples, shrines, ghats, etc. are locatedalong the river banks and are used for differentcultural and ritual purposes), conservation of riversis very important for the protection of both naturalresources and rich cultural heritage of the Valley.esou ces a d c cu u a e age o e a ey

www bagmati gov npwww.bagmati.gov.np