Improving the actinides recycling in closed fuel cycles, a major step towards nuclear energy sustainability | PAGE 1 CEA | 10 AVRIL 2012 Stéphane BOURG (1) , Christophe POINSSOT (1) , Dominique WARIN (2) (1) CEA Marcoule / Nuclear Energy Division, RadioChemistry & Processes Department (2) CEA Saclay / Nuclear Innovation and Industrial Support Program Division,
18
Embed
Improving the actinides recycling in closed fuel cycles, a ... · coal coal-gas combined cycle oil liquid natural gas thermal solar tidal power photovoltaic wind power ... Moderated
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Improving the actinides recycling in closed fuel
cycles, a major steptowards nuclear energy
sustainability
| PAGE 1CEA | 10 AVRIL 2012
Stéphane BOURG(1),Christophe POINSSOT(1),
Dominique WARIN(2)
(1) CEA Marcoule / Nuclear Energy Division,RadioChemistry & Processes Department
(2) CEA Saclay / Nuclear Innovation and Industrial Support Program Division,
Nuclear Energy DivisionRadioChemistry & Processes Department
French-Swedish Seminar on Future Nuclear Systems
Stockholm, December 3rd, 2013
OUTLOOK
1. What means referring to sustainability?
2. Environmental drivers: preserving the naturalresource
3. Societal drivers: improving the social acceptance
4. Conclusion: the rationale of the future fuel cycles
Nuclear Energy DivisionRadioChemistry & Processes Department
French-Swedish Seminar on Future Nuclear Systems
Stockholm, December 3rd, 2013
Green economy
Reference
case
About the rationale for a new energy mix
���� Necessity to
mitigate the
global climate
change
���� Energy needs will at least double
Wor
ld E
nerg
y O
utlo
ok, A
IE 2
008
0 100 200 300
coal
coal-gas combined cycle
oil
liquid natural gas
thermal solar
tidal power
photovoltaic
wind power
geothermal power
nuclear power
hydraulic power
gCO2/KWh
construction
operation
���� low-carbon energies should increase their contribution
Sustainability requiresa new energy mix
based on carbon-free energies
PAGE 3
10 000 5 000 0
Nuclear Energy DivisionRadioChemistry & Processes Department
French-Swedish Seminar on Future Nuclear Systems
Stockholm, December 3rd, 2013
Towards sustainable future energy systems
4
« Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. (…) »
(Bruntland's commission, 1987)
• GHG-free energy
• Preservation of natural resource
• Low environmental footprint
• Predictable, stable and limited energy cost
• Economic stability through energetic
independence
• Highest level of safety and reliability
• Consensual choice of the society
• Promote the international stability
3 main drivers to consider
Nuclear Energy DivisionRadioChemistry & Processes Department
French-Swedish Seminar on Future Nuclear Systems
Stockholm, December 3rd, 2013
���� Environmental drivers: preserving the natural resource
Pu multi-recycling- Multi-Through Cycle- Fast-Reactors (FR)
- Pu multi-recycling
Pu+MA multi-recycling- Fast Reactors (FR)
- Pu multi-recycling
- MA burning
Gen. IV
Main incentives
- 1st step towards U
resource saving
- Efficient waste
conditioning
Main incentives
- Major resource saving
- Energetic independence
- Economic stability
Main incentives
- Decrease of waste burden,
- Optimisation of the disposal
- Public acceptance
TOWARDS INCREASING SUSTAINABILITYDates are purely indicative
Breakthrough=reactors
Breakthrough=cycle
Onc
e-th
roug
hcy
cle
17
Nuclear Energy DivisionRadioChemistry & Processes Department
French-Swedish Seminar on Future Nuclear Systems
Stockholm, December 3rd, 2013
Conclusion: on the sustainability of fuel cycles …
�Sustainability of current fuel cycles can bestrongly improved by recycling the actinides
Preserve the uranium resource for future generations
Twice-through cycle is beneficial first stepalready allows saving 17% natural uraniumFor a similar economic costWith a positive impact in terms of wastevolume, lifetime and long-term performances and environmental footprint
�Further Improvement would requireImproving uranium resource preservation
Use of 238U through Pu-multi-recycling in FNR, Reduced need for any U-mining activities
Decreasing waste burden towards future generations
Minor actinides transmutation
18
3rd step: MA recycling to decrease burden to
future generations and increase acceptance
1st and 2nd step: Pu recyclingto increase natural resourcesaving and promote stable
and predictable energy costs
Recycling the actinides is the cornerstone of any susta inable fuel cycle!