Improvement in food resources

Improvement in FoodResources - Agriculture

Rainy season crops

Kharif Season

MaizePaddy

pigeon pea

Rabi Season

Wheat Peas Mustard

Major Types of Agriculture

Stages of Farming Practices

Choice of seeds For planting

Nurturing of thecrop

Protection of the growing crops and Harvested crops

from loss

Crop ProductionImprovement by

Crop varietyImprovement by

Different methods

Crop protectionmanagement

•Hybridization•Genetic manipulation

•Nutrient management or mineralnutrition of plants•Manures and fertilisers•Organic farming•Irrigation•Cropping patterns

•Insects-pests control

•Diseases control

•Weeds control

•Scientific storage of grains

Parent 1(with a desired character)

(e.g., high yield)

Parent 2(with a desired character)(e.g., disease resistant)

Offspring(Hybrid)

Sources Plant Nutrients No.

Air Carbon, Oxygen (2)

Water Hydrogen (1)

Soil 1. Macronutrients-Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sulphur

2. Micronutrients- Manganese, Copper, Molybdenum, Chlorine, Calcium

(4)

(9)

Nutrition Value of Animal Product

Animal Product

Percent (%) Nutrition

Fat Protein Sugar Minerals

Water Vitamins

Milk (Cow)

3.60 4.00 4.50 0.70 87.20 B1.B2,B12,D

Egg 12.00 13.00 * 1.00 74.00 B2,D

Meat 3.60 21.10 * 1.10 74.20 B2,B12

Fish 2.50 19.00 * 1.30 77.20 Niacin,D,A

Sources of food worldwide

Fish ProductionFish is a cheap source of animal protein for our food. Fish production includes the finned true fish as well as selfish such as Prawns & Molluscs .

The water source of the fish can be either seawater or fresh water, such as in rivers and ponds. Fishing can thus be done both by capture and culture of fish in marine water and freshwater ecosystem

Cattle Farming

Cattle Husbandry is done for two purpose milk and drought labor for agriculture work such as tilling, irrigation and carting. Indian such belong to two different species, Bos indicus, Cows, and Bos bubalis, Buuffaloes.Milk-producing females are called mulch animal (diary animal), while the ones used for farm labour are called drought animal.

And Cows still with us. 1525 of VT’s 6800 farms are dairy

Jersey cows bred in VT helped make VT butter and cheese famous!

Breeding & other ag research remain import to VT’s economy and environment.

Bee-KeepingHoney is widely used and therefore bee-keeping for making honey has become an agriculture enterprise. Since bee-keeping needs low investments, farmers use it as an additional income generation activity.

The local varieties of bees used for commercial honey production are Apis Cerana Indica, commonly known as the Indian Bee, A. dorsata, the rock bee and A. florae, the little bee. This is variety commonly used for commercial honey production