IMPORTANCE OF THE MINING SECTOR FOR THE ECONOMIES OF THE ACP COUNTRIES ACP MINING MINISTERS CONFERENCE BRUSSELS, DECEMBER 13-15, 2010 Patrice Christmann, Manager of the Mineral Resources Strategy Division Corporate Strategy Division BRGM – The French Geological Survey [email protected]Tel.: +33 2 38 64 37 14 www.brgm.fr
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IMPORTANCE OF THE MINING SECTOR FOR THE ECONOMIES OF THE ACP COUNTRIES ACP MINING MINISTERS CONFERENCE BRUSSELS, DECEMBER 13-15, 2010 Patrice Christmann,
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IMPORTANCE OF THE MINING SECTOR FOR THE ECONOMIES OF THE ACP
COUNTRIESACP MINING MINISTERS CONFERENCE
BRUSSELS, DECEMBER 13-15, 2010
Patrice Christmann, Manager of the Mineral Resources Strategy Division
Corporate Strategy Division BRGM – The French Geological Survey
… and the demand for the services they provide will further grow as the world’s
population progresses towards the 9 billion mark, to be reached about 2050
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Nom du service émetteur
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Strategy Directorate
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Minerals are an important asset to many ACP countries
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ACP COUNTRIES: 2005 MINERAL EXPORTS IN % OF THE TOTAL EXPORTS F.O.B. (Except Burkina Faso: 2004 data) – Data sources: World Bank, IMF, National Banks of Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda
Mineral exports are over 20% of total exports in 20 ACP countries
Strategy Directorate
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… while they could play a much greater quantitative and qualitative role in support
to the sustainable development the ACP Group of States …
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0
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AFRICA USA LATINAMERICA
S-EASIA/PACIFIC
CANADA AUSTRALIA
23
4555 59
7993
Average yearly investment in mineral exploration from 1991 to 2009 inclusive, selected regions of the world, in constant US$/ km2
US $ 2009 value based on the US Consumer Price Index Data source: Metals Economic Group, Canada
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Strategy Directorate
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… but are, from a sustainability perspective, mineral resources endowments a blessing
or a curse?
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Strategy Directorate
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Naturalcapital
Physicalcapital
FinancialcapitalSocial
capital
Institutions
Codes
StandardsLaw
DataKnowledge
Technologies
Ad
de
dvalu
eLife
supportingsytems
NaturalcapitalNaturalcapitalNaturalcapital
Physicalcapital
Physicalcapital
Physicalcapital
Financialcapital
Financialcapital
FinancialcapitalSocial
capitalSocialcapitalSocialcapital
InstitutionsInstitutions
Codes
StandardsLaw
Codes
StandardsLaw
DataKnowledge
Technologies
DataKnowledge
Technologies
Ad
de
dvalu
eA
dd
edv
alu
eLife
supportingsytems
How long will mankind be able to use the natural capital base without seriously harming the life supporting systems?
Strategy Directorate
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… protracted partnership support is needed to address the many issues ahead …
Les enjeux du développement durable: cas du secteur des ressources minérales Les enjeux du développement durable: cas du secteur des ressources minérales
-mauvaise utilisation de ressources non renouvelables
ECONOMY ENVIRONMENT SOCIAL
- création de capital, y compris pour les générations futures
-recettes budgétaires-création de valeur ajoutée, y compris dans d’autres secteurs de l’économie
Short-term vision
-déstructuration économique
-inflation
-corruption
-dilapidation de la rente
- réduction de l’empreinte environnementale
- pollution de l’air, des sols et des eaux- subsidence- impacts négatifs longtemps après la fin de la mine
création du capital humain: développement de compétences, accès amélioré à la santé, l’éducation, à l’eau, aux infrastructures
- déstructuration du tissu social
- génération de conflits (utilisation du sol, accès à l’eau, propriété, partage de la richesse)
- Budget income- Added value generation, including in other sectorsof the economy- Development of various forms of capital, for the benefit of several generations
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & MINERAL RESOURCES INDUSTRY
- Economic destabilisation
- Inflation
- Corruption
- Minerals rent squandering
- Low environmental footprint
-Creation of new habitats (old quarries)
- Risks of air, soils and/or water pollution
- Risk of subsidence- Possibly
lasting impacts, evenafter mine closure
- Human capitaldevelopment via access to education, health, water, Infrastructure
- Skills development
- Weakening of socialLinkages
Development of conflicts (access to land, to water, Property rights, sharing of wealth)
-GO
VE
RN
AN
CE
Strategy Directorate
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PRIVATE SECTOR
PUBLIC SECTOR
EnvironmentEconomy
Society
SustainableDevelopment
RESEARCH RESEARCH
GOVERNANCE
GOVERNANCE
Data > Information > Knowledge > Expertise > Solutions
Elements for a sustainable ACP minerals industry development strategy
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> Training;
> Capacity building;
> Institutional strengthening;
> Geological data acquisition, modelling;
> Good practice sharing (AEGOS, OAGS…);
> Environmental impacts mitigation;
> Research;
> Data and knowledge dissemination;
> Support to the development of local entrepreneurs;
> Integration of geology and mineral resources in land-use planning and infrastructure development strategies are needed over periods in line with mining project cycles (10-20 years)
Strategy Directirate
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> This requires the setup of a ring-fenced partnership funding (1 bn € over 10 years) based on the commitment to sustainable development ethics, including accountability, transparency and good governance.
> Twinning with EU Geological Surveys, research
and training centers could play an important role
> Follow-up and monitoring (Steering Group?) of this Ministerial meeting should be organised. A role for the African Union, Caricom and SOPAC?