Importance of Agriculture. HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008.

Importance of Agriculture

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Importance of Agriculture

• 2004: agriculture and related industries– 1 trillion dollars to GDP annually– Employs more than 15% or workforce

• $56.2 billion in total agricultural exports, 2003

• Heavily tied to other industries and sectors

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Value of Agricultural Products

U.S. Iowa

Animal Number Value Number Value

Cattle ~95 million

~$70.5 billion

~4 million

~$2.5 billion

Pigs ~61 million

~$4.5 billion

~17 million

~$4 billion

Poultry (layers)

338 million

~$1 billion

~55 million

$407 million (eggs)

Sheep 6 million ~$600 million

235,000 ~$33 million

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Iowa Agriculture, 2006

Farms 88,600

#1 Pork, eggs, corn, soybeans

#2

Red meat production $6.5 billion poundsNational exports $4 billion

#3Total cash receipts $14.8 billion

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Impact of Animal Disease

• Animal Health– Death, illness, loss of production

• Economics– Loss or disruption of trade – Loss of consumer confidence– Movement restrictions

• Human Health– Zoonoses– Mental health

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Impact: Animals

• Direct Losses– Death and illness of animals– Decrease or loss of production

• Indirect Losses– Diagnostics, surveillance– Movement restrictions

• Road closures, quarantine

• Losses with outbreak– Depopulation and disposal– Cleaning and disinfection– Indemnity

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Impact: Economics

• Loss or disruption of trade– U.S. exports $70.9 billion

in ag commodities (2006)– Food and fiber is ~ 16%

of the Gross Domestic Product• Impact on other

industries and sectors– 24 million Americans involved

with some aspect of agriculture – Restaurants, food suppliers,

grain producers

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Impact: Humans

• Human Health– Zoonotic Diseases

• Diseases of animals transmissible to humans• Human illness causing workforce disruptions

– Psycho-social concerns• Loss of livelihood, depopulation of animals

• Food supply and safety– Consumers alter buying habits– Food shortages unlikely

• Temporarily unavailabledue to movement restrictions

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Disease Outbreaks

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Vulnerabilities

• High density husbandry• Mixing at auction markets

or transport by vehicles– Over 5 million cattle each year

• Poor traceability of animals• No immunity to foreign

animal diseases• Centralized feed supply and

distribution

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Vulnerabilities• Diseases are widespread

in other countries • Expanded international

trade and travel• Border penetration:

people, wild birds, mammals

• Inadequate on-farm biosecurity

• Inadequate foreign animal disease awareness

Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH

Acknowledgments

Development of this presentationwas funded by a grant from the

Iowa Homeland Securityand Emergency Management and

the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship to the

Center for Food Security and Public Health at Iowa State University.

Contributing Authors: Glenda Dvorak, DVM, MPH, DACVPM; Danelle Bickett-Weddle, DVM, MPH, DACVPM; Gayle Brown, DVM, PhD