Implementation of WFD in Hungary - rivers

Implementation of WFD in Hungary - rivers

Zoltán Simonffy Hungarian Academy of SciencesResearch Group for Water Management

Zoltán Simonffy Hungarian Academy of SciencesResearch Group for Water Management

Content:

1. Typology system in Hungary

2. Identification of River Water Bodies

3. Identification of Hyromorphological risks

1. Typology for rivers in Hungary

1. Typology for rivers in Hungary

Structure of the typology

Geology (hydrogeochemistry)

Topography (slope of groundsurface)

Geology (Substratum of the river bed)

Size of the catchment area

Chemical composition

Sediments and river morphology

System B is accepted

Topography (landscape, elevation, slope)

Geology - hydrogeochemistry

sub-ecoregions

Geology - substratum

aquatic landscapes

Size of the catchment

B - typology

Structure of the typology

Topography

Releváns morfológiai jellemzők

Topography

> 800 m

200 – 800 m

< 200 m

Topography (sub-ecoregion)

Releváns morfológiai jellemzők

Plains

Mountains

Hills

Geochemical characteristics

Calcerous:karstic rocks loesscalcerous soils

Organic: peat

Silicious: acidic rocks acidic soils

BUT: Ionic composition of water:Everywhere calcerous type in the hilly and flat regions

Mederanyag jellegedurvaközepesfinom

Viz.shp

Substratum of the river bed

coarse

medium

fine

Aquatic landscapes

Sediments and river morphology20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Kilometers

A vízfolyások B-típusú tipológiáját meghatározó részterületek Aquatic landscapes, determining the B-typology of rivers in Hungary

Budapesti Mûszaki és Közgazdaságtudományi EgyetemViziközmû és Környezetmérnöki Tanszék

A mederanyagot meghatározó fed?réteg szemösszetételegainsize classes of the covering layers, determining river substratum:durva/coarseközepes/mediumfinom/fine

Al-ökorégiók/sub-ecoregions:meszes hegyvidék/calcerous mountainsszilikátos hegyvidék/siliceous mountainsmeszes dombvidék/calcerous hilly regionsmeszes síkvidék/calcerous plainstõzeges (szerves) területek/peaty (organic) regions

A mederanyagot meghatározó fedõréteg szemösszetételegainsize classes of the covering layers, determining river substratum:

Sub-ecoregions, geology Size of the catch.

Organic (peaty) regions small medium

coarse small, mountainous regions, calcerous

mountainous regions, silicious coarse small, medium,

hilly regions, calcerous coarse small medium large very large

medium - fine small, medium, large

plains, calcerous coarsesmall medium large, very large,

medium - fine small, small slopemedium, small slope medium, large, very large,

River types River types

Location of types

2. Identification of river Water Bodies

2. Identification of river Water Bodies

Natural River Water Bodies

Merging neighbouring, short river sections following the typology classification

Merging related river sections having <100km2 catchment area

Division of water bodies by important mouths (or country border): Danube, Tisza, Körös

River sections having <10km2 catchment area are not water bodies except if it is recharged by a spring, or it has local importance.

Result: 875 natural River Water Bodies

Artificial River Water Bodies

Definition: "Artificial water body means a body of surface water created by human activity”. (creating a new water body from previously dry land, e.g. a canal)

Selection of canals by considering their ecological importance (discrete expert judgements)

Result: 151 Artificial Water Bodies

Artificial River Water Bodies

Artificial water courses

Artificial Water Bodies

3. Identification of Hydromorphological Risk

3. Identification of Hydromorphological Risk

METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSMENT OF RISK RELATED TO HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS

Rapid ecological survey in selected river sections (65)

(different types and different alteration)

Criteria for significant alterations obvious: not good status uncertain: possibly not good status

Ecological status based on biological data

Database of human pressures

Designation of significantly altered river sections

(two main groups according to criteria)

Water bodies at risk: > 50 % is altered considering only obvious effects

Estimation of the modified hydromorphological

parameters

Water bodies possibly at risk: > 50 % is altered considering all significant alterations Water bodies not at risk: if non of the above criteria applies to the water body

DETAILED CRITERIA FOR RESERVOIRS IN MOUNTAINS AND HILLS

Reservoir itself:

Changes in cathegory obvious impactobvious impact

Downstream impact, if• no bypass, • MLF is below the type-specific value,• frequency of drying is doubled,

obvious impactobvious impact

Upstream impact if no continuty: (Slope < 1:25, water cover > 10 cm, v< 0,6 m/s)

impact isimpact is uncertainuncertain, because it depends on species (migration?)

Impacted river section: where the downstream catchment is biger than 50 times the surface of reservoir (excluding catchment of other reservoirs!)

CRITERIA FOR ASSESSMENT OF HYDROMORPH. RISK IN RIVERSHUMAN ACTIVITY AND ALTERATION HMR HMR?

Dams and reservoirs    

river section influenced by storage in mount.& hilly areas    

downstream section of dam in mount.&hilly areas, no continuity, diminished MLF    

river section influenced by storage in lowland, level >1m above groundsurface    

downstream section of dam in lowland, no continuity, diminished MLF    

upstream section of dam, no continuity (sensitive species??)    

Impoundment    

impounded section in mount.& hilly areas, bank-full stage    

impounded section in hilly areas, lower stage    

lowland, large rivers, impounded section    

other lowland rivers, impounded section    

downstream section of weir, if water regime significantly impacted    

upstream section of weir, no continuity (sensitive species??)    

Dikes and dumps    

ratio of width of floodplain and lowflow river bed < 5 in hills, < 10 in lowland    

not appropriate land use in floodplain    

significant artificial inflow

HUMAN ACTIVITY AND ALTERATION HMR HMR?

River regulation  

ratio of width of high and lowflow river bed < 5 in hills or < 10 in lowland  

alignment of highflow river bed is not appropriate  

not appropriate flow conditions and river bed status  

not appropriate substratum  

not appropriate riperian zonation  

riperian zonation is partly missing  

Dredging  

overdredging of river bed  

dredging of unnecessary frequency or length  

Bank protection (pavement)  

pavement > 20 % of highflow river bed, or > 40 % of lowflow river bed  

pavement between 20 - 40 % of lowflow river bed  

Water abstraction and deviation  

frequent water scarcity in summer due to abstraction  

significant deviation for hydropower generation  

other deviation  

CRITERIA FOR ASSESSMENT OF HYDROMORPH. RISK IN RIVERS

Total (50%)Obvious criteria: 15 ( 7.5)Uncertain criteria: 12 ( 6.0)

27 (13.5)

AN EXAMPLE FOR DEFINING HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL RISK

For Water Body No 1Obvious impacts: 10Uncertain impact: 4

14

For Water Body No 2Obvious impacts: 5Uncertain impact: 10

15

For Water Body No 3Obvious impacts: 5Uncertain impact: 7

12

WB is at risk

WB is possibly at risk

WB is not at risk

VÍZTEST SZINTŰ OSZTÁLYOZÁS

hidromorfológiai kockázatNPY

CLASSIFICATION OF WATER BODIES ACCODING TO HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL RISK

Hydromorphological risk

GROUP OF RIVER WATER BODIES FROM HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL POINT OF VIEW

All river water bodies: 875 db, 18 488 km

236 db (23%) , 4594 km (25%)

Good hydromorphological conditions already

297 db (34%), 6425 km (35%)

347 db (40%), 7796 km (42%)

Hydromorphological risk(no good status without measures)

Possibly at risk (hydromorphological impact is uncertain)

231 db (26%) , 4257 km (23%)

METHODOLOGY FOR FURTHER ASSESSMENT OF HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL RISK

Criteria for significant alterations obvious: no good status (checking)

uncertain: possibly no good status (clarification)

Survey of ecological status (ECOSURV, 400 sites)

Evaluation of the results(cluster analysis and filters according to

hydromorphological impacts

Database of human pressures

Estimation of the modified hydromorphological parameters

Still uncertain

Repeating designation procedure Checking water bodies at risk Focusing on water bodies possibly at risk - either in good status - or at risk

Thank you for your attention!