Impact of Different Types of Land Use on Transportation System of Dhaka City: A Case Study of Mirpur Road and Its Adjacent Land Uses Presented by : Shancharpath Rifat Rahman (06 15 005) Nabila Nur Kuhu (06 15 009) Shahadat Hossain Shakil (06 15 020) Khaled Bin Abdul Quader (06 15 030)
Impact of Different Types of Land Use on Transportation System of Dhaka City : A Case Study of Mirpur Road
Jan 20, 2015
Land use distribution and transportation both are very important issue for Dhaka city in recent period. To relate these two issues with each other is also a very effective job but a difficult one indeed. This study intends to find out the impact of different land use changes on the transportation system of Dhaka city. One of the most important roads of Dhaka city, Mirpur Road has been taken to understand and to analyze for this study. This study will help to take significant decisions and generate proper policies in transportation sector. It will also contribute to the attempts of combining land use planning and transportation planning. By assessing the land use change impact on transportation system, traffic management, congestion control and improvement of road network will be possible to make
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Impact of Different Types of Land Use on Transportation System of Dhaka City:
A Case Study of Mirpur Road and Its Adjacent Land Uses Presented by : Shancharpath
Rifat Rahman (06 15 005)
Nabila Nur Kuhu (06 15 009)
Shahadat Hossain Shakil (06 15 020)
Khaled Bin Abdul Quader (06 15 030)
Mirpur Road
One of the Busiest Road of the City
Almost Linear in Shape
Dual Carriageway
Length : 8.05 km (Azimpur to Gabtoli)
7.40 km (Azimpur to Technical)
High Traffic Congestion in the Peak Period
Study Area Profile
Section-7 (BRTC Market-Technical)
End Section of Mirpur Road
Length : 1.05 km
1 Major Intersection – Technical Intersection
Dhaka, Bangladesh
-Mirpur Road
Source: MediaFire; URL: http://www.mediafire.com/?zzmk4fkmnoiyzkj; Retrieved On: 27th April,2010
Source: GIS Database, Sheltech (Pvt.) Ltd. (Consultancy Division)Source: GIS Database, Sheltech (Pvt.) Ltd. (Consultancy Division)
Objectives
To explore the current pattern of land use distribution and traffic condition.
To identify the trip rate for different types of land use.
Identifying the impact of land use change on transportation system.
MethodologyProject Identification and Selection of Study Area
Literature Review
Fixation of the Objectives
Primary Data
Data Collection
Secondary Data
Geometric Feature Survey of the Road
Roadside Land Use Survey
Trip Rate Analysis & Modal Share Survey
Traffic Volume Survey
Journey and Spot Speed Survey
Base Map Collection
Cross-Sectional Element Data of Road
Previous Land Use Distribution Data
Previous Traffic Volume Data
Previous Speed Data
Data Compilation
Exploring the Current Land Use Pattern and Traffic Condition
Impact Analysis for Land Use Change
Major Findings and Recommendations
Trip Rate Calculation for Different Types of Land Use
Preparation of the Final Report
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Present Traffic Condition and Land Use Pattern
Traffic Condition:Geometric Features
Elements Average(ft) Maximum(ft) Minimum(ft)
Right of way 101.45 130.1 61.5
Carriage way 41.2 52 23.5
Lane width 11.26 23 9
Median 4.6 11.3 2.1
Foot path 7.78 15.75 2.5
NMT lane 24.58 54 16
•Total 62 intersections (43-T intersection; 7-Y intersection; 12 - 4 leg intersection)
•18-signalized and others un-signalized
•7 foot over bridges
Source: Field Survey, 2011
Traffic Condition:Capacity
-Assuming 12’ as Per Lane Width
-Design Capacity of Urban Arterial Road is 1400 PCU/Lane/Hour According to DITS (1994)
Direction (S-N) (N-S)
Av. Carriageway Width(feet) 40.94 41.46
Capacity(PCU/Hour) 4895.124 4928.02
Source: Field Survey, 2011
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Traffic Condition:Volume
Source: Field Survey, 2011
DirectionVolume (PCU/ Hour)
Peak Off-Peak Average
North bound 2083.62 1279.11 1735.33
South bound 2437.89 1620.31 2149.33
Both Side(Av.) 5351.53 3399.99 4621.97
Traffic Condition:Modal Share
Present Traffic Condition and Land Use Pattern(Contd..)
Traffic Condition:Speed – Spot Speed
Source:
•Impacts of Policy Measures on Urban Transportation System: A Case Study of Mirpur Road; (2003), Report of Group-“Motion”, Transportation
Planning Studio (PLAN 342), DURP Library, BUET, Dhaka.
•Field Survey, 2011
Bus Car0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
32.5
38.25
27.68525.575
Spot Speed Comparision
Speed-2003(K.P.H) Speed-2011(K.P.H)
Traffic Condition:Speed – Journey Speed
Source:
•Impacts of Policy Measures on Urban Transportation System: A Case Study of Mirpur Road; (2003), Report of Group-“Motion”, Transportation
Planning Studio (PLAN 342), DURP Library, BUET, Dhaka.
•Performance Impact of Transportation Policy Shift on Mirpur Road – A Comparative Analysis; (2006), Report of Group-(01,04), Transportation
Planning Studio (PLAN 342), DURP Library, BUET, Dhaka.
•Field Survey, 2011
Journey Speed-2003(K.P.H) Journey Speed-2006(K.P.H) Journey Speed-2011(K.P.H)0
5
10
15
20
25
30
14.45
27.86
15.9417.2033333333329
2118.4
Journey Speed Comparision
Northbound Southbound
Direction(Northbound)Year Speed Level of Service2003 14.45 F2006 27.86 D2011 15.94 E
Direction(Southbound)Year Speed Level of Service2003 17.20 E2006 21 E2011 18.4 E
Level of Service Comparison for Journey Speed
Present Traffic Condition and Land Use Pattern(Contd..)
Present Traffic Condition and Land Use Pattern(Contd..)
Land Use Pattern(2011):Mirpur Road
Source: Field Survey, 2011
27%
26%1%
13%
3%5%
10%
15%0%Commercial
Education & ResearchGarmentsHospitalMixedOfficeOthersResidentialUnder construction
Land Use Change(2007-2011):Mirpur Road
Change Percentage(%)
Source: Field Survey, 2011; GIS Database 2007,Sheltech (Pvt.) Limited
Commercial
Education & Research
Garments
Hospital
Mixed
Office
Others
Residential
Under Construction
-30.00 -20.00 -10.00 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00
25.11
18.24
2.29
6.79
1.93
6.98
10.68
-26.50
1.46
Present Traffic Condition and Land Use Pattern(Contd..)
Land Use Pattern(2011):Section-7: BRTC Market-Technical
Source: Field Survey,2011
27%
25%21%
12%
1%4%
11%Commercial Activity
Residential
Education & Research
Hospital
Office
Garments
Others
Land Use Change(2007-2011):Section-7: BRTC Market-Technical
Change Percentage(%)Source: Field Survey, 2011;GIS Database 2007,Sheltech (Pvt.) Limited
Commercial Activity
Residential
Education & Research
Hospital
Office
Garments
Others
-20.00 0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00
13.15
59.11
2.72
17.51
0.00
3.45
-4.07
Trip Rate Calculation
Land Use Type No. of Sample Surveyed Highest Hourly Trip Rate(Per 1000 sq.ft.)
Commercial 5 6.09 Residential 4 1.11
Educational 3 95.98/1000 Student
Hospital 3 13.31 Office 3 8.66
Garments 2 37.77
Total 8 Hour Survey Conducted for Every Sample of All Land Use Type
Source: Field Survey,2011
Trip Rate Calculation(Contd..)
Change
d Area
Trip Rate
Person
Trip
Modal
Share(%)
Vehicle Trip
Occupancy Rate
No. of
Vehicles
PCE Valu
ePCU/Hr
Land Use Change TrafficCalculation Procedure
Land Use Change Traffic(PCU/Hr)Mirpur Road
-“Educational”
and “Others”
is excluded
from the
calculation
Land Use Change Traffic(PCU/Hr)Section-7(BRTC Market-Technical)
-“Educational”
and “Others”
is excluded
from the
calculation
Com-mercial
Residential Hospital Garments Office
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
16001445.45
-251.94
869.68
50.14
514.72
Total
Commer-cial Activity
Residential Hospital Garments0.00
50.00100.00150.00200.00250.00300.00350.00400.00
123.68 93.63
365.07
12.28
Total 2628.05 (PCU/Hr)Total 594.66 (PCU/Hr)
Trip Rate Calculation(Contd..) Forecasting Traffic Volume for 2013 (Section-7: BRTC Market-Technical)
2006 2009 2011
Peak Hourly Volume(PCU/Hr)
5021 4826.5 5226.7
Off-Peak Hourly Volume(PCU/Hr)
4103 4075.1 3338.33933333336
Average Hourly Volume(PCU/Hr)
4632.8 4460.0375 3997.38260869565
500
1500
2500
3500
4500
5500
Traffi
c Vo
lum
e(PC
U/H
r)
Source:
Performance Impact of Transportation Policy Shift on Mirpur Road – A Comparative Analysis; (2006), Report of Group-(01,04), Transportation
Planning Studio (PLAN 342), DURP Library, BUET, Dhaka.
DTCB-2009 Volume Data
Field Survey,2011
Peak Hourly Volume (2006)
Peak Hourly Volume
(2011)
Increase in 5 Years
Annual Growth Growth Rate (%)
5021 5226.7 205.7 41.14 0.82
- Derivation of the Annual Growth Rate-Forecasted Volume
Mode
Present Volume-2011
(PCU/Hr)
Annual Growth Rate for 2 years
Forecasted Increased
Volume (from growth rate)
for 2013
Forecasted Volume for 2013
1 2 3=(2*1) 4=(1+3)
Car 1104.14
(0.82*2)/100=
0.016
18.093 1122.23Microbus 93.55 1.53 95.083Office Vehicle 11.91 0.19 12.10Taxi 59.13 0.96 60.10CNG 386.66 6.33 393Bus 2121.72 34.76 2156.49School Bus 0.73 0.01 0.74Human Hauler 45.27 0.74 46.01Motorcycle 166.91 2.73 169.64Rickshaw 1153.10 18.89 1172Bicycle 83.54 1.36 84.91Total 5226.7 85.65 5312.35
Area (sq.ft.)Trip Rate-In Peak
(Per 1000 sq.ft/Per Hr. )Trip Rate-In Peak
(Per 1 sq.ft/Per Hr. ) Total Person Trip(Per Hr.)
195866.432 6.09 0.00609 1193.314712
Trip Rate Calculation(Contd..) Forecasting Development Traffic in 2013 (Section-7: BRTC Market-Technical)
- Total PCU Generated from the Under Construction Commercial Complex in 2013
Area (sq.ft.)Trip Rate-In Peak
(Per 1000 sq.ft./Per Hr. )Trip Rate-In Peak
(Per 1 sq.ft./Per Hr. )Total Person Trip(Per Hr.) Total PCU/Hr
195866.43 6.09 0.00609 1193.31 331.08
Impact for Land Use Change (Mirpur Road)
Impact for Land Use Change (BRTC Market-Technical)
Impact for Development Traffic in 2013 (BRTC Market-Technical)
Land Use Change Impact
Direction AverageCarriageway Width(feet)
No. of lanes (Assuming 12’ as Per Lane Width)
Standard Capacity/Lane(PCU/Hr)
Total Capacity (PCU/Hr)
Bothway 82.4 6.867 1400 6.867*1400 = 9613.33
Capacity of Mirpur Road (Azimpur – Technical)
Traffic Volume
(PCU/hr)
Estimated Capacity (PCU/hr)
V/C ratio
(Traffic Volume/Capacity)
Level of Service (LOS)
Year 2006 4995.35
9613.33
0.52 AYear 2011 (without Landuse Change Traffic)
(5351.53-2703.77)= 2647.76
0.28 A
Year 2011
( with Landuse Change Traffic)
5351.53 0.54 A
Comparison of LOS for Land Use Change (for Peak Hourly Traffic Flow) Source: Field Survey 2011
Land Use Change Impact(Contd..)Impact for Land Use Change (Mirpur Road)
Direction AverageCarriageway Width(feet)
No. of lanes (Assuming 12’ as Per Lane Width)
Standard Capacity/Lane(PCU/Hr)
Total Capacity (PCU/Hr)
Bothway 81.82 6.818 1400 6.818*1400 = 9545.67
Traffic Volume
(PCU/hr)
Estimated Capacity (PCU/hr)
V/C ratio
(Traffic volume/Capacity)
Level of Service (LOS)
Year 2006 5021
9545.67
0.53 AYear 2011 (without Landuse Change Traffic)
(5226.7-594.7) = 4632
0.485 A
Year 2011
( with Landuse Change Traffic) 5226.7 0.55 A
Comparison of LOS for Land Use Change (for Peak Hourly Traffic Flow)
Capacity of Section-7 (BRTC Market – Technical)
Source: Field Survey 2011
Land Use Change Impact(Contd..)Impact for Land Use Change (BRTC Market-Technical)
Traffic Volume (PCU/hr)
Estimated Capacity (PCU/hr)
V/C ratio
(Traffic volume/Capacity)
Level of Service (LOS)
Year 2011 5226.7
9545.67
0.55 AYear 2013 (without Development Traffic) 5312.3 0.56 A
Year 2013
( with Development Traffic)
(5312.3+331.1)=5643.4 0.59 A
Impact on LOS in 2013 for New Construction
Land Use Change Impact(Contd..)
Impact for Development Traffic in 2013 (BRTC Market-Technical)
The average carriage way width of the road is 82.4 which is quite
satisfactory but the peak hourly traffic volume 5351.53 PCU is quite high.
Journey Speed and Spot Speed is deteriorating over the period.
Commercial and Educational land use change is in the dominating position
and Residential land use change is in a negative trend.
Peak hourly traffic volume from the land use is dominated by the
commercial land uses(1445.45 PCU/hr)
The vehicle capacity ratio (v/c) is increasing over the time which indicates
deterioration of the road condition according to the standards of the LOS.
Major Findings
Recommendations
Commercial land uses act as the major point of traffic generation and
attraction for this road, there should be strong restrictions, regulations and
guidelines for establishing any kind of new commercial land use along this
road.
Garments and Educational land use generate and attract a huge amount of
traffic at a specific time which creates a huge pressure on the road in a
certain time period. The establishment of any new Garments and
Educational institution should be strictly prohibited on this road to reduce
the peak hourly traffic flow.
References
• Sharmin N. Rupom N. J. and Sadat K.(2011) Developing a Generic Methodology for Traffic Impact Assessment of a Mixed land Use in
Dhaka City, (2011), Chapter (1-8), BURP Thesis of Group-02, DURP, BUET, Dhaka.
•Performance Impact of Transportation Policy Shift on Mirpur Road – A Comparative Analysis; (2006), Report of Group-(01,04),
Transportation Planning Studio (PLAN 342), DURP Library, BUET, Dhaka.
•Impacts of Policy Measures on Urban Transportation System: A Case Study of Mirpur Road; (2003), Report of Group-“Motion”,
Transportation Planning Studio (PLAN 342), DURP Library, BUET, Dhaka.
•Mitra, R. (2004), Land Use- Transportation Cycle Reexamined: A Case Study of Land Use Changes in Dhanmondi R/A and its Impacts on
Mirpur Road, World Habitat Day 2004 Souvenir, Centre for Urban Studies (CUS) and Bangladesh Institute of Planners (BIP), Dhaka,
Bangladesh.
•Rahman M. M. (2006), “Study of parking Facility for the New Market Shopping Zone in Dhaka City ” Unpublished MURP Thesis,
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka.
•Kadiyali L.R. (2003), “Traffic Engineering and Transport Planning” Sixth Edition, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.(page: 823-828)
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