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IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS Dr Abdoulaye Ndoye DIOP Maître de Conférences Agrégé Radiologie/Imagerie Médicale UFR 2S UGB de Saint-Louis
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IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

Jul 11, 2018

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Page 1: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS

Dr Abdoulaye Ndoye DIOP

Maître de Conférences Agrégé

Radiologie/Imagerie Médicale

UFR 2S UGB de Saint-Louis

Page 2: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

INTRODUCTION

• Quelle(s) imagerie(s)?

• Quand? Pour Qui?

• Comment?

• Pourquoi?

• Que peut faire le radiologue pour le traitement?

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INTRODUCTION

• Quelle(s) imagerie(s)? ECHOGRAPHIE DOPPLER, IRM

• Quand? Pour Qui? INDICATIONS

• Comment? TECHNIQUES/ PROTOCOLES

• Pourquoi?

• Que peut faire le radiologue pour TRAITER ? EMBOLISATION

Page 4: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

CLASSIFICATION

Page 5: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

CLASSIFICATION

Page 6: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

CLASSIFICATION

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NOUVELLE CLASSIFICATION FIGO DES MYOMES UTERINS

Page 8: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

ECHOGRAPHIE

• EXAMEN DE 1ERE INTENTION

Voie sus pubienne

Voie endovaginale

• Nodules arrondis ou ovalaires bien limites

Hypoechogenes homogenes, contours reguliers

• Vascularisation:

Centrale et surtout peripherique (Doppler, injection de contraste)

• Aspect variable : de liquidien … a calcifie

Page 9: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

ECHOGRAPHIE

• EXAMEN DE 1ERE INTENTION

Voie sus pubienne

Voie endovaginale

• Nodules arrondis ou ovalaires bien limites

Hypoechogenes homogenes, contours reguliers

• Vascularisation:

Centrale et surtout peripherique (Doppler, injection de contraste)

• Aspect variable : de liquidien … a calcifie

Page 10: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

ECHOGRAPHIE

• Détection

• Nombre de myome

• Cartographie+++

– Au sein des differents portions de l’uterus(fond, corps, col, isthme)

– Dans la profondeur du myometre• Sous muqueux , interstitiel, sous muqueux.

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ECHOGRAPHIE

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ECHOGRAPHIE

Page 13: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

LIMITES DE L’ECHOGRAPHIE

– Technique operateur dependante

– Patientes obeses

– Uterus > 375 ml

– Fibromes > 4

– Pathologies associees : adenomyose

– Fibromes necroses

– Rapports avec la cavite

Page 14: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

QUAND FAIRE UNE IRM ?

IRM > US si:

– > 5 myomes

– Taille importante

– Remaniements

– Sous-sereux

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COMMENT FAIRE UNE IRM?

• SEQUENCES CLEFS :

– Trois plans T2

– T1 + T1FS

• Si non typique :

– Diffusion

– Injection dynamique

– Gado tardif

SAGITTALE T2

Page 16: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

POURQUOI FAIRE UNE IRM? • Cartographie+++

• Pre - therapeutique

• Caracterisation

– Dg differentiel d ’une masse latero-uterine– Formes « remaniees » / Sous types

• Association lésionnelle …

• Suivi

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CARTOGRAPHIE IRM

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CARACTERISATION

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CARACTERISATION

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CARACTERISATIONApport de la Diffusion

• Reflet de la cellularite du myome

• Interet dans les myomes en signal T2 intermediaire

• Un ADC tres bas < 0.8 10-3 mm2/s serait un bon indicateur de leiomyosarcome

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CARACTERISATION

Thomassin-Naggara I, et al. Eur Radiol 2013

Page 22: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

DIAGNOSTIC DIFFERENTIELFibrome ovarien

Page 23: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

DIAGNOSTIC DIFFERENTIELAdénomyose

Page 24: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

ASSOCIATION LESIONNELLEMalformation,

Page 25: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

BILAN PRE THERAPEUTIQUEQUEL TYPE DE VOIE D’ABORD?

– Myomectomie coelioscopique:

• Inferieur ou egale a 3 myomes

• Myome majeur < 8cm

– Myomectomie vaginale:

• Myome posterieur

• Distance pole inferieur du myome / Cul sac de Douglas.

– Resection hysteroscopique:

• Dome sous muqueux

• Nombre <5

• Diametre <5cm

• Marge de securite >5mm

– Bilan pre et post embolisation

Page 26: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

EMBOLISATION DE FIBROMES UTÉRINS

INDICATIONS

A symptomatic uterine fibroid is an indication for uterine arteryembolization (UAE) represents an alternative to surgical and medication-based procedures as well fibroid treatment using focusedultrasound, regardless of the size and numbers of the fibroids or previous surgery. The basis for the choice of therapy should be the aimof the treatment as well as the patient’s desire.

Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) for Fibroid Treatment – Results of the 5th RadiologicalGynecological Expert Meeting

Kroncke T, David M. Uterine Artery Embolization ... Fortschr Rontgenstr 2015; 187: 483–485

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CONTRE-INDICATIONS A L’EFU

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CONTRE-INDICATIONS A L’EFU

- aucune complication apres embolisation de 31 fibromes sous-sereux pedicules

- une reduction volumique au tiers a trois mois, et une devascularisation optimale.

• Smeets AJ, Nijenhuis RJ, Boekkooi PF, et coll. Safety and effectiveness of uterine artery embolization in patients withpedunculated fibroids. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2009;20:1172-1175

Page 29: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

TECHNIQUE EFU

• Asepsie

• Analgésie

• 2 Voies art fémorales

• Sonde 4F

• Microcathéter

• Pas d’embolisation distale

• Préserver fonction ovarienne

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TECHNIQUE EFU

Page 31: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other
Page 32: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other
Page 33: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other
Page 34: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other
Page 35: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

…The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the

findings reported in other studies from the west. The presence of multiple and large fibroids in this study is consistent with the case mix described in other studies of African-American populations …

Page 36: IMAGERIE DES FIBROMES UTERINS - asgosenegal.org · The response of uterine fibroids to embolization in the African population is not different from the findings reported in other

CONCLUSION

L’Imagerie joue un role capital dans le bilan pre-therapeutique pour:

Exclure les diagnostics differentiels.

Determiner l’alteration morphologique de l’uterus par les myomes.

Determiner l’etendue de l’affection, par la mise en evidencedes pathologies associees sur les autres structures du pelvis.

Etablir une cartographie precise des myomes, leur nombre, localisation, taille et vascularisation.

Determiner le traitement le plus approprie.