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1403IIF_C2 2 3/20/14 2:44 PM

LED lamps poised for steep growthAt the Strategies in Light (SIL) 2014 conference held in Santa Clara, CA over February 25

27, the Strategies Unlimited analyst team delivered research updates on both LED compo-

nents and segments of the lighting market. Director of research Philip Smallwood focused

on the LED lighting market in general and the replacement lamps market in particular. LED

lamps are in the news constantly these days, and articles on that topic score highly with you

the readers. Still, the lamps market is in the earliest of stages with sharp growth coming but

socket saturation lurking.

LED lamp sales in 2013 totaled $4.8B (billion). That fgure includes A-lamps, refector

lamps such as PAR and BR bulbs, MR-16 lamps, and decorative products. It also includes

LED-based replacements for linear fuorescent tubes. Smallwood projects the total to grow to

$12.2B by 2018, a 21% compound annual growth rate (CAGR).

Ironically, its the LED-based tubes that accounted for the second largest revenue to-

tal in 2013 despite the fact that the product category in general gets poor marks for replicat-

ing the light distribution of fuorescent tubes. But the tube sector is largely a business sec-

tor, and businesses have moved to LED-based lighting more quickly than consumers. LED

tube revenue was $1.2B in 2013 but Smallwood projects only 9% growth through 2018. I be-

lieve LED-based troffers sold as fxture replacements or in-

tegral upgrade kits will prove more popular, although there

are plenty of manufacturers pursuing the tube strategy. In-

deed, at SIL, startup Luxul Technology launched with plans

to manufacture tubes in the US that can work with existing

electronic ballasts.

In the more conventional lamp space, it was surprising

to learn that MR16 lamps led the A-lamp segment in 2013

with the sectors generating $1.7B and $1B, respectively. The

MR16 revenue was up sharply from well under $500 million

the prior year. Smallwood said that in part the growth was due to a very large sales volume

in Russia, although he also said those lamps were very low-cost products that also deliver

low-quality light and relatively short lifetimes. The growth forecast is 13% through 2018, al-

though the market will peak prior to that year as socket saturation hits.

The A-lamp sector is set for the largest growth curve at 39% CAGR with revenue pro-

jected at $5.2B in 2019. The market wont surge this year but will hit a steep slope beginning

in 2015 and will still grow by almost $1B from 2017 to 2018.

Much of the A-lamp growth will come from the residential market. Smallwood pegs A-

lamp adoption as not even having reached the early adopter stage at this point. The potential

market is enormous; however, LED lamps will change the market dynamics dramatically.

Using a computational model based on homes and sockets per home, Smallwood said that

the world has been consuming 1.1B A-lamps per year for residential usage. Yet there were

only 14 million A-lamps sold in North America last year.

Lamps manufacturers need to stake out their turf quickly. Smallwood warned that the

available sockets will disappear quickly. And with LED product lifetimes, there wont be a re-

placement required for years.

Maury Wright, Editor

[email protected]

Editorial

LED lamps

will see sharp

growth but

socket

saturation lurks

1Illumination In Focus www.illuminationinfocus.com MARCH/APRIL 2014

1403IIF_1 1 3/20/14 2:42 PM

MARCH/APRIL 2014 www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus 2

contents | features

7

5 17

9

15

10

8 | COVER STORY

Tunable LEDs soothe or

energize souls Design frm Tobias

Link created LED lighting installations

in a Zurich luxury residence, including

auto-themed lighting in a garage and a

soothing nature experience in the spa

area. Maury Wright

11 | CONFERENCE PREVIEW

Light+Building exhibits

reveal the latest in lighting

and controls The intersection

of art and light, adaptive controls

technologies, indoor lighting that can

enhance productivity, and better-

controlled outdoor lighting will headline

at Messe Frankfurt. Maury Wright

15 | DC GRIDS

Lighting systems

leverage DC distribution

for maximum effciency

Minimizing power conversions can

save energy in any electrical system,

and LED lighting is a good match

for a DC grid and also renewable

energy such as solar power in green

buildings. Maury Wright

19 | RENOVATION

Commercial LED retroft

justifes project with

market value increase

Consider both long-term energy

and maintenance savings and the

impact of LED lighting projects on

building market value to get a true

look at the cost of major retrofts.

Don McDougall, general manager,

Solid State Capital Services (SSCS)

1403IIF_2 2 3/20/14 2:43 PM

EDITORIAL 1

LED lamps poised for steep growth

MAURY WRIGHT

LIGHTBEAT 4

Soraa brings GaN-on-GaN LEDs

to AR111 lamps, adds high-CCT

MR16s

Cree develops 23,000-lm LED

high-bay luminaire

GE supplies Intrinsx-based planar

LED luminaires to US embassy in

Finland

departments | columns

online

MARCH/APRIL 2014 VOLUME 3 ISSUE 1

www.illuminationinfocus.com

cover story | 8Insta solid-state lighting paints dynamic colors on foors and ceilings in active locations within a home while subtle tunable lighting encourages rest and relaxation in other areas.

A PennWell Publication

TRENDING

Philips Lighting says that US GSA will

use SpaceWise; Cree and more controls

news The US Green Proving Ground program

will evaluate the SpaceWise LED luminaires

and wireless controls while Xeleum announced

the availability of its controls technology

and Cree entered the controls market.

illuminationinfocus.com/news/5/2/2

Acuity lights Circuit of The Americas

venue including ROAMview controls

New Austin, Texas racetrack and events

venue will get effcient metal halide lighting

including adaptive controls with lights

broken into 10 zones to support the

range of events planned for the facility.

illuminationinfocus.com/news/5/2/1

SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT Christine Shaw

& PUBLISHING DIRECTOR [email protected]

EDITOR Maury Wright

[email protected]

ASSOCIATE Carrie Meadows

EDITOR [email protected]

CONTRIBUTING Caroline Hayes

EDITOR [email protected]

MARKETING MANAGER Kimberly Ayer

PRESENTATION MANAGER Kelli Mylchreest

PRODUCTION DIRECTOR Mari Rodriguez

SENIOR ILLUSTRATOR Christopher Hipp

AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENT Debbie Bouley

EDITORIAL OFFICES PennWell Corporation, Illumination in Focus 98 Spit Brook Road, LL-1 Nashua, NH 03062-5737 Tel: +1 603 891-0123 Fax: +1 603 891-0574 www.illuminationinfocus.com

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CORPORATE OFFICERS CHAIRMAN Frank T. Lauinger PRESIDENT AND CEO Robert F. Biolchini

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Copyright 2014 PennWell Corp (ISSN 2156-633X). All rights

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form without prior written consent of Publishers.

Photography: Tom Gundelwein

1403IIF_3 3 3/20/14 2:43 PM


Soraa brings GaN-on-GaN LEDs to AR111 lamps, adds high-CCT MR16sExpanding beyond its MR16 base, Soraa has announced

the LED AR111 retrofit lamp family based on the com-

panys gallium-nitride-on-gallium-nitride (GaN-on-GaN)

LEDs that deliver uniform energy across the human visual

spectrum and a CRI of 95. The lamps debuted in Febru-

ary at the EuroShop retail-oriented trade fair in Dsseldorf,

Germany. The company also added to its Vivid 2 MR16

lamp family with 4000K- and 5000K-CCT lamps intended

to displace ceramic metal halide (CMH) and halogen light-

ing in gemstone and other high-end retail settings.

The AR111 product introduction marks the first time

that Soraa has offered a solid-state lighting (SSL) product

outside of the MR16 form factor, but apparently we can ex-

pect more from the company. This year, we will expand

our portfolio beyond our award-winning MR16 GU5.3 and

GU10 lamps to create a full line of 4-in. lamps powered by

our GaN-on-GaN LED technology, said Nick Farraway, se-

nior vice president, international at Soraa.

The new AR111 SSL design brings energy-efficiency

advantages to applications

for the larger lamps, and im-

proved lighting as well. At Eu-

roShop, Soraa demonstrated a

lamp with an 8 beam that delivers

980 lm with center beam candle power

(CBCP) of 27,500 cd. That performance is achieved with a

CRI of 95 and a R9 score of 95 for saturated red colors. At

80 CRI, Soraa will offer CBCP of 34,000 cd, performance it

said is double that of the competition.

Looking to the MR16 space, Soraa has added high-CCT

products after finding success with warm-CCT products

in applications such as hospitality. High-end retail applica-

tions, however, warrant lighting nearer natural sunlight.

Soraa said that the LED MR16s deliver the sunlight-like

quality without the UV emissions or beam striations com-

monly found with CMH and halogen lighting. And of course

the LED lamps deliver significant energy savings. Soraa CEO

Jeff Parker said, Now with our 4000K and 5000K products,

you can bring the energizing feel of natural light indoors

without sacrificing light quality and compatibility.

The higher-CCT lamps are initially available in Soraas

12V low-voltage product family. The 4000K and 5000K

family still deliver CRI of 95 and an R9 value above 90.

The company said that the products will find usage in a

broad set of retail applications, with jewelry stores being a

prime example of a setting where broad-spectrum white

light and high CRI can drive greater sales volumes.

MORE: illuminationinfocus.com/news/5/2/4

R E TA I L L I G H T I N G

lightbeat

1403IIF_4 4 3/20/14 2:43 PM

H I G H - BAY L I G H T I N G


GE supplies Intrinsx-based planar LED luminaires to US embassy in FinlandGE Lighting has announced that the renovated Innovation Center on

the grounds of the US embassy in Helsinki, Finland, installed planar GE

Lumination EP Series LED luminaires suspended from office ceilings.

The products use GEs Intrinsx light-guide technology to realize a near-

transparent look in the off state while delivering both indirect ambient

light and task light when powered on. The Lumination EP series is

based on the Intrinsx technology that GE developed with intellectual

property licensed from Rambus.

The Innovation Center is home to numerous green and sustain-

able building practices. The embassy has attempted to use products

winning recognition in the Department of Energys Next Generation

Luminaires program throughout the facility. The project is registered

with the US Green Building Council with the goal of winning LEED

(Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design) Platinum status.

The project including the office lighting is winning praise,

however, for lighting quality in addition to energy savings. Looking

at how we use resources more efficiently is not about sacrifice, said

Bruce J. Oreck, the US Ambassador to Finland. There is nothing about

this building or others like it that says weve had to cut corners, which

makes it less comfortable or less pleasing. Weve achieved a better qual-

ity of light, the fixtures are more durable and require less service, and

at the same time they require 7080% less energy to me thats about

smart thinking and not about sacrifice.

More: illuminationinfocus.com/news/4/12/9

5

P L A NA R L I G H T I N G

Cree develops 23,000-lm LED high-bay luminaireThe recently announced CXB High Bay

LED luminaire is Crees first product in

the high-bay sector that is targeted at

warehouse, industrial, retail, gymna-

sium, and convention-center applica-

tions. Cree says that in one-for-one re-

placement scenarios relative to HID or

multi-lamp fluorescent fixtures, the new

solid-state lighting (SSL) high bay will

cut energy usage in half and require little

or no maintenance for 70,000 hours.

Cree chose to enter the high-bay sec-

tor because of the opportunity in retro-

fit projects. The US Department of En-

ergy (DOE) has reported that there are

67 million high-bay luminaires installed

in the US alone. At this time less than

1% of the installed fixtures are SSL prod-

ucts with the majority being metal halide

(MH), and the remainder fluorescent.

Cree believes that its LED-based product

will win out over the incumbents.

Were coming into the market with

the highest lumens-per-dollar product

on the market today, said Greg Dixon,

product portfolio manager at Cree. Cree

expects the 23,000-lm fixture to sell for

less than $400. The luminaire delivers

efficacy of 100 lm/W. The CXB product

looks very much like an MH high-bay

with a 16-in. aluminum reflector. The

product has a 4000K CCT and 70 CRI.

Cree said the product is comparable to

continued on p. 7

1403IIF_5 5 3/20/14 2:43 PM

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400W MH fixtures or six-lamp T5/HO or T8 fluores-

cent fixtures. Dixon said that the LED lamps can even

be spaced at 1.4 times the density of standard 400W

MH fixtures in new construction or in cases where a

building owner wanted to minimize fixture count.

To illustrate the capabilities of the product, Cree

provided two prototypical comparative scenarios each

involving 15 fixtures. In both cases the scenario in-

cluded a 28-ft ceiling, but in one instance the target

was 5060 fc and in the other the target was 2030

fc. That resulted in 2017-ft and 3030-ft spacing,

respectively. Cree compared the 230W CXB against

400W MH, 400W pulse-start MH, 361W T5/HO,

and 222W T8 fixtures. Note that the actual power

consumption on the MH fixtures with a ballast is in

the 450W to 455W range.

The CXB fixture delivers 56.1 and 24.02 fc in the

two target scenarios. That performance is better than

the standard MH fixtures and within 26 fc of the

pulse-start MH and T5 fixtures. The T8 fixture cant

meet the minimum fc requirements.

Cree followed up the photometric comparison

with a ten-year financial analysis of such a 15-fixture

installation. In the MH case, a building owner would

need to replace 34 lamps over ten years, incurring

$1500 in lamps and labor cost and the inconvenience

of disturbing workflow. The LED fixtures would de-

liver $19,000 in annual energy savings based on

12 hours of use per day and the national average of

$0.11/kWh in electrical cost. Cree says that payback

occurs in three years. A similar comparison against

T5/HO fixtures results in a four-year payback.

MORE: illuminationinfocus.com/news/5/1/4

1403IIF_7 7 3/20/14 2:43 PM


Tunable LEDs soothe or energize soulsBy Maury Wright

Design frm Tobias Link created LED lighting installations in a Zurich luxury residence, including auto-themed lighting in a garage and a soothing nature experience in the spa area.

We most often discuss LED lighting rel-

ative to energy savings, but solid-state

lighting (SSL) technology enables proj-

ects that couldnt be realized practically

with legacy sources. Consider the Zu-

rich, Switzerland private residence that

graces our cover. The Tobias Link design

frm utilized color-tunable LED-based

products to enable an ambience and a

theme matched to the uses of both a ga-

rage/entertainment space and a pool/spa

area. In this instance, controls are used

to programmatically deliver the intended

experience as opposed to boosting en-

ergy effciency, although the use of LED

lighting makes such a project feasible in

terms of energy usage.

The two areas of the residence use

very similar lighting technologies, but

the installations deliver dramatically

different experiences. The garage area

delivers an energetic vibe while the spa

area is meant to soothe in all of the pro-

gram choices.

The garage area was designed both to

accommodate the homeowners automo-

biles and to serve sporadically as an ex-

hibition space and to host events. Tobias

Link delivered an auto-themed design

in which ceiling light patterns resemble

roadways or even a racetrack. The de-

signer said that the system even directs

autos into the appropriate places similar

to the way taxiways direct airport traffc.

The RGB (red, green, blue) enabled

fxtures were installed on the low ceil-

ing and in coves and deliver uniform

yet dynamic lighting across the ceiling.

The delivered intent was to make the

ceiling appear paper thin, according

to the designers.

While the theme was meant to

provide a Formula One vibe, the design

actually mixes past and futuristic ele-

ments. Tobias Link installed some his-

toric luminaires to create synergy with

some of the vintage autos in the home-

owners collection of sports cars.

Wellness area

In the wellness area, the challenge was

creating a nature-centric theme with

a variety of programs that deliver spe-

cifc scenarios, all of which are meant

to invoke a soothing atmosphere. The

wellness area includes shower rooms,

changing rooms, and massage rooms.

The open pool area includes a sauna/

Design

1403IIF_8 8 3/20/14 2:43 PM


Color-tunable

LED-based lighting

enables an auto-

themed design

in which ceiling

patterns resemble

roadways or

racetracks in the

garage, which

is not only used

to house the

homeowners

vehicles but also to

entertain guests.

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1403IIF_9 9 3/20/14 2:43 PM


steam bath, a scented fountain, and an

adventure shower that delivers a mix

of water features, programmable scents,

and programmed sound tracks.

The indoor area looks out upon the

Alps and that setting provided the im-

petus for the nature theme. The primary

component of the design concept is the

wave-shaped sculpture located above

the pool that was constructed with

wood beams. RGB lighting installed on

top of the beams delivers the dynamic

light show indirectly with the ceiling as

the canvas.

The designers programmed the sys-

tem to deliver four themes: heat of the

lava stream, cool ocean current, fresh

fowery meadow, and white light. The

concept supports a cooler theme for a

hot summer day or a warmer theme

for a cold March/April night. The de-

sign also uses unobtrusive vertical white

light in niches that was carefully in-

stalled not to infringe on the dynamic

lighting while providing functional am-

bient illumination.

The Zurich project uses LEDLUX

Linear LX fxtures from Insta Elektro

GmbH. The linear fxtures can be con-

fgured into continuous runs ranging

from about 3m to 23m. Insta also of-

fers fexible versions of the fxtures in

lengths to 5m and that capability was

key for the garage design.

Tobias Link implemented the con-

trol system as well as combining a range

of technologies and products. The sys-

tem uses the European Installation Bus

to connect all the various components.

The DMX protocol carries the control

data. And equipment and software from

Traxons E:Cue business unit (an Osram

company) was used to control the light-

ing system.

The wellness area invokes a nature-inspired spa experience by using

programmable RGB lighting that delivers light shows based on lava

stream, ocean current, fower meadow, and white light themes.

Ima

ge

s c

ou

rte

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f p

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tog

rap

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un

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lwe

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1403IIF_10 10 3/20/14 2:43 PM


Light+Building exhibits reveal the latest in lighting and controls

Preview

The intersection of art and light, innovative adaptive controls technologies, indoor lighting that

delivers superior quality that can enhance productivity, and more-effcient and better-controlled

outdoor lighting will headline in the exhibition space at the mammoth Messe Frankfurt.

By Maury Wright

The Light+Building trade fair is scheduled for March 30

through April 4, 2014 in Frankfurt, Germany. The theme for

the year is Explore technology for life the best energy is

the energy that is not consumed. Indeed, energy effciency is

a prevalent requirement in the building industry and lighting

is one of the largest consumers of energy in fnished commer-

cial spaces. Sub-themes for the mega event include intelligent

sustainability, smart powered buildings, and people and light.

Upwards of 2500 exhibitors will show their latest wares

at Light+Building. Some of the stands will feel like the size

of a small village. And making your way around the halls

will feel more like rush hour in New York City than a visit

to a trade show. But the exhibit will reveal the very latest in

lighting technology.

Given the effciency theme, you can assume that LED-

based lighting will be almost universal in the lighting exhib-

its. But solid-state lighting (SSL) alone will not deliver the sav-

ings needed by a growing world. Expect that the exhibitors

will show the very latest in control technologies that can truly

maximize the energy savings in lighting systems. Controls

and LEDs will also deliver better lighting. The advantages

range from better focused light and the right CCT for opti-

mum worker productivity to tunable colors and white color

temperatures to increase our wellbeing. Also expect the dra-

matic as art and light meet. The products featured in the

following pages deliver a preview of what can be expected

at Messe Frankfurt.

Cini&Nils ceiling-mounted FormLa

confgurable elements

FormLa looks like art, but Cini&Nils says that the

confgurable ceiling version of the product is designed to

contribute to human wellbeing. The health benefts come

from confgurable forms that can span an entire ceiling,

creating a relaxed environment with diffused indirect

light. The company realized the product using individual

geometric elements with the LED lighting installed as

fexible strips that enable the artistic shapes.

1403IIF_11 11 3/20/14 2:43 PM


Zumtobel Sequence LED luminaire

Targeting offce lighting, the Zumtobel Sequence

linear product family can be pendant or surface

mounted and is designed with an LED lighting

distribution that the company says will empower

employees productivity. Zumtobel offers the

products in 1.2m and 2.1m versions with the light

provided by rectangular modular LED arrays.

Optics applied to each 63 array determine the

light-distribution characteristics. Generally the

outer modules on either end of a fxture are used

to provide diffuse indirect-like ambient light while

the inner modules deliver direct task light. The

fxture also includes a DALI (digital addressable

lighting interface) capable driver.

Cree Edge High Output

outdoor SSL family

Cree is using its Light+Building presence

to launch the Cree Edge High Output

(HO) LED outdoor luminaire family to the

European market. The 5000K CCT products

are available with CRI as high as 90 and

in outputs to 75,000 lm. The product was

announced in North America last October and

has been installed in color-critical applications

such as auto dealer lots (illuminationinfocus.

com/news/4/10/12). The Cree lighting

products will share the exhibit area with LED

and other enabling technologies. In particular,

Cree will feature its LMH2 SSL module with

Sunset Dimming.

GlacialLight AR111 Square gimbal housing kit

Designed to host the companys AR111 LED retroft lamps, the square housing includes

a double-gimbal mechanical design that can enable downlight installations with the

adjustments possible on two axes. The 190190130-mm housing is built from steel

with aluminum trim and weighs 470g. GlacialLight said the housing is designed for use in

hotel, restaurant, and residential applications, and is designed to replace halogen lighting.

The Vega Series AR111 LED lamps come in a variety of beam patterns and GlacialLight

designed the housing for those bulbs, although the housing could be used with most any

AR111 retroft lamp.

1403IIF_12 12 3/20/14 2:43 PM


GE Lighting Evolve LED scalable area light

In area lighting, its become increasingly important to both

provide outstanding vertical illuminance to support people

or object recognition while also delivering uniform horizontal

illuminance on the ground or parking surface. The GE

Lighting Evolve LED scalable area light is designed for just

such performance while also minimizing glare based on an

architecture that combines lens and refector optics with LED

sources. In a parking area scenario, the design supports 5:1

pole spacing with light output packages ranging to 35,000 lm.

The refector based design, however, eliminates light spill behind

the pole when required.

Lutron Quantum and

EcoSystem controls

Lutrons Light+Building exhibit will be focused

on the companys adaptive control technologies

built around the EcoSystem wired network and

the Quantum Total Light Management System.

EcoSystem is an enhanced version of DALI that

Lutron supports with drivers, luminaires, sensors,

and control systems; and compatible luminaires

are offered by lighting vendors such as Cree and

GE Lighting.

Verbatim Natural Vision

LED candle lamps

Candelabra-style LED retroft lamps have been

problematic in general due to space constraints, and

even such products that have used legacy sources

have lacked the charm of real candles. Verbatim is

addressing that issue with a new multi-emitter RGB LED

integrated into the companys Natural Vision VxRGB LED

lamps. The LED combination allows the lamps to deliver

the 1900K CCT common to a candle fame. The 2.5W

candelabra products are designed for use in chandeliers

or even table settings. Verbatim will also demonstrate the

technology in MR16 retroft lamps. The RGB emitters will

allow such products to deliver CRI as high as 97.

Megaman wireless controls and

LED lighting

The Light+Building Megaman exhibit will be

focused on rolling out smart lighting and

controls technology to support its broad

range of LED retroft lamps and fxtures that

use those lamps. Leading up to the event,

the company wouldnt detail the control

offering but said it would support installations

ranging from Bluetooth control of lamps with

a smartphone to comprehensive wireless

networks that enable building-level controls.

Specifcally, the company said it supports

installations such as the conference room

pictured nearby. The featured luminaires in the

exhibit will be the Solid LED pendants from

New Zealand designer David Trubridge with

Megaman dimmable 6W PAR16 GU1O lamps

in the sockets.

1403IIF_13 13 3/20/14 2:43 PM


Targetti in-grade Keplero

outdoor LED fxture

Designed to deliver dramatic uplight for architectural

features such as in the striking residence pictured,

the Targetti Keplero in-grade fxtures are available in

Zoom and Gimbal models. The Zoom version includes

a mechanical adjustment in the fxture that allows the

luminaire to produce four different beam distributions

from one LED source. Indeed, the luminaire can produce

soft, food, medium-wide food, and wide food patterns

using a mechanical design that delivers three degrees

of freedom. Ultimately the Zoom can deliver patterns as

wide as 20 as well as the ability to adjust the direction

of the beam virtually parallel to the grade in which the

fxture is mounted. The Gimbal unit can be specifed

with different LED light engines with four LEDs that can

deliver spot, super-spot, food, and even rectangular

beam patterns.

ETAP LED luminaires and

emergency lighting

ETAP Lighting will demonstrate a variety of product

types at Light+Building including the slim linear LEDA

pendant fxtures that can be confgured in a variety

of patterns including crisscross. But the emergency

SSL-based products are sure to garner interest. For

example, the company will introduce the new tiny Mini

LED module pictured that measures 20 mm in diameter.

The LED module is meant to be recessed in the ceiling,

virtually disappearing among other ceiling lighting

products. Yet the module can deliver the functional light

needed in an offce during an emergency. ETAP will also

demonstrate new K4 emergency lighting panels based

on OLED technology. Lighting controls and tunable LED

technology for human-centric lighting will round out the

demonstrations.

Osram ARKTIKA-P LED linear

pendant luminaire

The ARKTIKA-P pendant luminaire uses low-power Duris E3

LEDs from Osram Opto Semiconductors to achieve glare-free

offce lighting intended to optimize productivity for workers using computers

for extended periods. The unique design places the LEDs into hexagonal refective

cavities that control the wide beam distribution from the emitters. The tiny LEDs also enable

an aesthetically-pleasing look with the fxture less than 8 mm deep. At Light+Building, Osram will also

demonstrate an LED A-lamp that appears to have a flament and looks nearly identical to an incandescent

bulb. The LED Superstar lamp could virtually pass for an incandescent even with a clear diffuser globe. OLED

panels and PrevaLED fexible LED strips will also be featured in the exhibit.

1403IIF_14 14 3/20/14 2:43 PM

FIG. 1. LED lighting powered

directly from a DC grid run

through a drop-ceiling frame

helps boost effciency at the

room or building level.


Minimizing power

conversions can save energy in

any electrical system, and

LED lighting is a good match for a DC grid and

also renewable energy such as

solar power in green buildings.

By Maury Wright

Lighting systems leverage DC distribution for maximum effciencyDriven by energy cost, the lighting in-

dustry sector has been on an energy-ef-

fciency mission, going back more than

half a century to the broad deployment

of fuorescent lighting in commercial

settings, and gaining in earnest in the

1980s with the development of the com-

pact fuorescent lamp (CFL). Increas-

ingly, however, its become clear that

minimizing energy usage goes far be-

yond the light source. Indeed, we have

regularly covered controls that can

compound savings through occupancy

sensing and dimming. The opportu-

nity for better effciency also extends to

the power grid both inside and outside

of buildings and to renewable sources

such as solar. Lets discuss how DC-grid

technology can deliver signifcant en-

ergy savings, especially when combined

with inherently effcient LED sources.

The broad topic of DC versus AC

grids is beyond our scope here, but if

we look inside a commercial building

DC grid

1403IIF_15 15 3/20/14 2:43 PM

AC branch power

DC ceilinggrid

Occupancy anddaylight sensors

HVACactuator

AV devicesand security

IT wirelessaccess devicePower supply

Lights

Roomcontrols

Optional on-site DC power


the opportunities for DC distribution

become clear (Fig. 1). There are two pri-

mary reasons that now may be the time

for DC power distribution in buildings.

First, we can minimize the number of

lossy power conversions with a DC grid.

Second, renewable sources such as solar

panels produce DC power. And despite

the relatively low conversion effciency

of solar panels, they can power effcient

LED fxtures.

Energy losses

Power conversions inherently result in

power lost as heat. Conversions happen

in AC/DC power supplies that also may

convert voltage level, and in DC/DC

power supplies that only convert volt-

age level. Note that the so-called driver

used in LED lighting is simply a con-

stant-current power supply. Generally

more conversions equate to greater en-

ergy lost, and larger level changes are

less effcient than smaller level changes.

Today, the bulk of our devices that

require power in homes and businesses

need DC power. Nicole Bopp, direc-

tor of marketing at Nextek Power Sys-

tems, said that ultimately 80% of the

watts used in the home power DC

loads. Indeed, mobile phones to PCs

to fat-panel TVs could be powered di-

rectly by DC. In commercial buildings,

you can add the power-hogging IT data

centers to the list. All of these DC de-

vices require power-wasting converters

to operate.

Legacy lighting, however, has been

able to operate directly from the AC

line. But that lighting has been itself

ineffcient and the reason that light-

ing consumes somewhere around 30%

of the total energy used in the United

States. LEDs promise to slash the en-

ergy use attributable to lighting in gen-

eral and DC power distribution can en-

hance overall effciency.

EMerge Alliance

There is an organization promoting DC

power distribution in the US called the

EMerge Alliance (www.emerge

alliance.org) that is sup-

ported by large companies rang-

ing from lighting manufacturers to

major players in the IT sector. The or-

ganization has been primarily focused

on DC distribution for data centers and

lighting in commercial buildings. Brian

Patterson of Armstrong World Indus-

tries and chair of the EMerge Alliance

said that those applications would de-

liver the most in energy savings with

a transition to DC distribution. More

recently, the EMerge Alliance also an-

nounced that it will push adoption of

DC distribution for homes and small

businesses to support applications such

as rooftop solar, LED lighting, and elec-

tric vehicle charging.

The EMerge Alliance

has gained signifcant

momentum in the lighting

industry and has had a

major presence at Lightfair

International (LFI)

for several years. This

past spring at LFI, the

organization announced

that it had reached 100

member companies

(http://bit.ly/1hafUPG).

There are compliant

products available from

industry leaders such as

Acuity Brands, Osram

Sylvania, Philips, and

many more. You can

fnd a complete list of

registered products on the

FIG. 2. The EMerge Alliance

has developed standards for

DC power technology for both

lighting systems and IT data

centers.

1403IIF_16 16 3/20/14 2:43 PM


FIG. 3. A growing number of

fxtures offer EMerge compliance,

including this Acuity Brands

troffer fxture.

alliance website (http://bit.ly/1fS7EHj).

In a typical scenario based on

EMerge standards, a single power sup-

ply might power as many as 100 LED-

based fxtures via a 24V DC bus (Fig.

2). The power supply can accept an AC

input in a typical commercial space

that is already wired for AC, or a DC

input when there is an enterprise DC

grid or power from a solar system.

Nextek has a product with dual inputs

that can operate from solar when that

power is available and seamlessly swap

to AC when the sun goes down.

In this article we wont dig deeper

into the details of how a DC grid oper-

ates, but you can fnd more of that in-

formation in a feature article that ran

last summer in LEDs Magazine (http://

bit.ly/1mlBLom). Here we will concen-

trate on the advantages of DC, the po-

tential of solar power, and some actual

product and deployment examples.

DC advantages

The advantages of a DC grid certainly

start with the aforementioned effciency

gained through fewer power conver-

sions, although there are also signif-

cant logistic advantages. The Class-2

low-voltage wiring that connects fx-

tures is far simpler in installations rela-

tive to AC systems where conduit must

be run to each fxture. Indeed, in a DC

scenario, a building owner could mod-

ify room lighting without the need for

an electrician.

The 24V bus can even be run di-

rectly in a drop-ceiling grid frame. For

example, Armstrong offers the DC

FlexZone system in both the Suprafne

T-bar and Silhouette product lines. The

main beams carry the DC bus power

and are used with standard cross tees

and other drop-ceiling accessories. A

simple connector and short cable at-

tach to the main beam then connect to

the lighting fxture. In such an installa-

tion, fxtures can be easily moved and

rearranged to match changes in an of-

fce space.

Luminaires can be

mounted directly on the

FlexZone frame. For ex-

ample, spotlights can be

mounted to the grid almost

as if it were a track fx-

ture (Fig. 4). JLC-Tech of-

fers a series of different T-

bar LED products that are

linear in nature and essen-

tially become part of the

grid. Fig. 1 depicts such an

installation at the offces of

AWeber Communications

in Chalfont, Pennsylvania

(http://bit.ly/1aFackK).

The system also supports

standard recessed trof-

fer fxtures including both

LED-based products and

fuorescent fxtures. Fig. 3 depicts an

Acuity troffer that is compatible with

EMerge standards and FlexZone ceil-

ings. The effciency advantages of a DC

grid also apply to fuorescent instal-

lations, but fewer fuorescent fxtures

can be powered by an EMerge power

channel because generally fuorescent

fxtures require more power than do

LED fxtures.

Renewable energy

Proponents argue that DC grid tech-

nology offers suffcient advantages

that a transition to DC is warranted at

some level purely based on the previ-

ously discussed elimination of lossy

power conversions and the logis-

tics advantages. Ultimately, however,

the good match between renewable

sources and a DC grid might be the

piece of the puzzle that leads to broad

deployment. When it comes to light-

ing, LED technology is a key piece of

that puzzle as well.

While its commonplace across the

US and in many places around the

globe to see solar panels on roofs and

wind turbines in both urban and rural

areas, renewable sources are far from

a perfect solution to energy issues. En-

ergy sources such as wind and solar

are diffuse, and therefore we need large

FIG. 4. The Armstrong FlexZone DC grid

ceiling allows direct attachment of luminaires.

1403IIF_17 17 3/20/14 2:43 PM


areas to capture suffcient energy. Cap-

turing and storing such energy remains

more expensive than using fossil fuels.

There is a very good article on the chal-

lenges on The Energy Collective website

(http://bit.ly/1mvW99a).

Still, as prices for products such as

solar panels drop, it becomes increas-

ingly more realistic to use roof-top solar

locally to power a home or commercial

building. In the case of solar, the chal-

lenge remains effciency. Panels today

are still limited to effciency ratings be-

low 15%.

But its the mating of a renewable

source with energy-effcient technolo-

gies that can pay off at the building level.

Terry Walsh, president and CEO of

lighting manufacturer Tempo Industries,

refers to LED lighting technology as

symbiotic and enabling when used with

other clean tech technologies.

At The LED Show in August 2013,

Walsh said, LEDs breathe life into so-

lar. His point was that LED lighting

is effcient enough to be powered by

localized solar energy, especially when

combined with controls. In such cases

with controls, Walsh more recently

said a solid-state lighting (SSL) instal-

lation can deliver 8090% energy sav-

ings compared to legacy lighting sys-

tems. He added, It is reasonable and

achievable to potentially see a park-

ing garage, for instance, drop its power

requirements enough to go off grid.

The DC grid adds to the renewable

potential.

LEED platinum example

Given the advantages weve discussed,

its a fair question to ask why there

arent readily-available examples of

real-life installations, and why broad

deployment hasnt begun. In the case

of EMerge-compliant products, 2013

marked the frst time there were truly

suffcient numbers of lighting, power

supply, and accessory products to sup-

port a commercial-scale project with

diverse lighting needs.

Still, at least one major project came

on line in 2013 that uses a DC grid

and solar technology along with a host

of other green practices. In early 2013,

PNC Bank opened a new branch of-

fce in Fort Lauderdale, Florida that the

company said exceeds LEED (Lead-

ership in Energy and Environmental

FIG. 5. A PNC Bank branch achieved net-zero energy usage by combining

energy-saving technologies including LED fxtures, adaptive controls, solar

power, and a DC grid.

FIG. 6. The PNC branch includes 211 solar panels mounted on the main

building and other structures.

continued on page 23

1403IIF_18 18 3/20/14 2:43 PM


Consider both long-term

energy and maintenance

savings and the impact of LED

lighting projects on building

market value to get a true look at the cost of major retrofts.

Commercial LED retroft justifes project with market value increaseDon McDougall, general manager,

Solid State Capital Services (SSCS)

The prime barrier to broader deploy-

ment of LED-based lighting remains

high upfront costs despite the energy

and maintenance savings that a retro-

ft can deliver over many years. There

are a growing number of fnancing

options for lighting projects, but still

building owners struggle to justify ma-

jor renovations. Lighting manufactur-

ers, designers/specifers, and build-

ing owners, however, must understand

that solid-state lighting (SSL) retrofts

are not akin to legacy lighting projects.

High-quality LED lighting can deliver

real capital improvement, measurable

in building market value that can jus-

tify many projects.

Solid State Capital services (SSCS)

completed a project for one of the larg-

est property owners in Los Angeles

County. The lighting retroft that they

completed cost them $60,000. The en-

ergy savings and other benefts gave

this project a 30-month payback or re-

turn on investment (ROI). This client

arranged to pay for the lighting and in-

stallation over time and so the proj-

ect was effectively cash-fow positive

the frst year. The savings exceeded the

amortized costs.

The above story is becoming rela-

tively commonplace in the lighting in-

dustry as LED-based products improve

in quality and drop in price. The most

important beneft to this client was the

increase in market value to the prop-

erty. The savings in energy usage were

so pronounced that the propertys mar-

ket value was increased by $426,000.

The capital improvement view

All too often an LED lighting retroft

is seen as an expenditure or a mainte-

nance issue. In fact, such a project is

a capital improvement that increases

the market value of the property. Like

with any capital project, building own-

ers should use quality products to en-

sure that they realize the highest return

on investment (ROI). Ironically, spend-

ing more money upfront can be a good

thing. Cheap products equal poor ROI.

Consider the previous example: The

energy usage for the lighting has been

cut by almost 80%. That energy re-

duction equates to $40,000 per year

Renovation

1403IIF_19 19 3/20/14 2:43 PM


in reduced operating costs. What is

$40,000 per year worth when you cal-

culate the discounted cash fow of the

property? Everyone calculates market

values in their own way, based on their

own concerns about risk and reward

and the never-ending debate about cap

and discount rates. This client calcu-

lated the increase in value at $426,000.

In any such projects, the building

owner will have to consider local is-

sues such as utility rates and local reg-

ulatory concerns. For example, in Cal-

ifornia, the California Public Utilities

Commission (CPUC) recently approved

an increase in utility rates and that data

must be factored into longer-term sav-

ings. California is also faced with look-

ing at higher than average energy costs

to meet mandated green energy usage.

Add this to the fact that the State is de-

commissioning one if not two major

nuclear plants and you can see the rea-

sons for the increased utility rates and

the reason for sizeable increases in

market value for renovated property.

Restaurant example

Lets contemplate some other real exam-

ples that SSCS has worked on. A chain

of 40 family-style restaurants completed

a similar LED retroft. While each store

gained only a little more than $120,000

in value, the increase in value to the

chain as a whole was in excess of $4.8

million. Fig. 1 depicts the breakdown in

savings for the restaurant chain attribut-

able to the lighting retroft.

Single-property owners and lessees

can also beneft. A warehouse distri-

bution company in Hawaii installed a

cutting-edge LED fxture from Tempo

Industries that is a linear replacement

for fuorescent lighting. The annual

savings was $79,000 per year. Remem-

ber Hawaii has an energy rate of $0.37/

kWh. But the increase in benefts had

to be discounted as the lease only has

another 10 years to go. That said, the

initial beneft to this client is $650,000

in market value for the company, and

an enhancement to the property to be

used to barter when the lease comes up

for renewal.

This last example is interesting in

that the company assisting in set-

ting up and selecting the new light-

ing chose the Tempo C7 CliP (Confgu-

rable Lighting Platform) system (Fig. 2).

Parking garage retrofts, such as

this project using luminaires from

Acuitys Tersen brand, can increase

the capital value of real estate and

help justify the expense of an LED

lighting project.

1403IIF_20 20 3/20/14 2:43 PM

Energy

HVAC

Material Labor

Chain restaurant

The raceway housingincludes multipleindustry standardmounting options

Racewayhousing

Light engine withintegrated driver -Hangers simplify

maintenance


FIG. 1. A breakdown of the savings

for a restaurant chain attributable

to an LED lighting retroft.

Tempo just announced new products

in the CliP family that are designed to

deliver L90 lifetime (90% of initial lu-

mens) of 86,000 hours. That equates to

ten years of continuous usage. Tempo

said that the intent with product life is

to match and even deliver longer-than-

typical-interval building retrofts with

normal usage patterns.

The point about the 86,000-hour

rated life is how maintenance savings

also impact building value. The ability

to reduce the lighting maintenance cost

effectively to zero for the next 20 years

in an active work environment was one

of the selling points in the Hawaii proj-

ect and factored heavily into the build-

ing value.

Calculating market value

So how do you calculate the increase in

value to a property due to the increase

in cash fow from an LED lighting ret-

roft? There are two methods one

of them easy, the other more complex.

SSCS prefers to run a DCF (Discounted

Cash Flow) model on the increased in-

come stream. This takes some work

and some knowledge of the property

owners plans for the property and

aversion to risk.

The easy method is to simply take

the annual savings and multiply it by a

rate of return. There are a lot of fancy

names for how you do this, but lets

just keep it simple. The number is gen-

erally between a factor of 6 and 10. So

$10,000 in savings per year can mean

$60,000 to $100,000 in increased mar-

ket value.

You can argue that this is too simple

an explanation or that the range is too

broad. The fact is that most property

owners have a number in their heads

that they expect to use. We feel the

DCF is more accurate, but sometimes

you just need a place to start. Our

thought is that anything that is a 10X

multiple is probably too big an increase,

but everyone calculates the value dif-

ferently; when you remember that util-

ity costs are not likely to drop anytime

soon, the decision can be more com-

plex than it frst seems.

There are many other elements that

can help justify an SSL retroft and

that can impact market value. For ex-

ample, SSCS provides EPAct (Energy

Policy Act) certifcations, 1245/1250

depreciation calculations, abandon-

ment cost tax accounting, and ROI as-

sistance. We also work with clients

utility providers to maximize the utility

rebate. Maximizing such rebates can be

more challenging that you might think.

Characterizing savings

We should also address determination

of the savings in a project. Knowing that

savings can create an increase in mar-

ket value is great, but how do you proj-

ect your savings? The savings come from

several sources as we have discussed ca-

sually throughout the article, including

the inclusion of the example charts for

different business types.

Energy savings is sometimes the only

calculation that is considered. Energy

usage can be very important. But fo-

cusing solely on energy is a mistake. In

some cases energy is not even the pri-

mary source of savings.

Nevertheless, lets consider projec-

tion of energy savings. You simply take

the usages of your current fxtures and

compare those to the proposed new sys-

tem. That comparison provides a real-

istic look at a one-year projection. Then

FIG. 2. Tempo Industries CliP lighting products are designed to deliver L90

lifetime (90% of initial lumens) of 86,000 hours, with the possibility to deliver

longer-than-typical-interval building retrofts with normal usage patterns.

1403IIF_21 21 3/20/14 2:44 PM

Energy

HVAC

Material

Labor

Gaming foor

Energy

HVAC

Material

Labor

Auto dealer


we look historically at the increase in the

cost of power for the location at hand.

The historical look requires both a na-

tional and regional evaluation. For ex-

ample, we have used a 4% infation

rate in cases. But the move away from

coal and the mandated switch to green

sources will move this number up

in some states to double digits. Where

we can show support for a different in-

fation rate, we use those numbers.

Building owners should also con-

sider controls. But you may not know

what ya got or dont have, and what

you are going to get in the future. LEDs

dont suffer degradation from the inte-

gration of controls like fuorescents do

where dimmed light levels dont deliver

commensurate energy savings. Build-

ing or facility owners must calculate

their own numbers and double-check

the savings touted by lighting vendors

under consideration.

Moreover, the impact on controls

varies greatly by application. For a

parking garage with 24/7 usage, the

percentage of savings can exceed 90%

of the initial energy cost, relative to a

non-LED system without controls.

The impact of LEDs on the HVAC

system should also be fgured in. Fluo-

rescent lights give off more heat than

you may recognize. Remove the fuo-

rescents and you lose that extra heat.

How much can LEDs impact an

HVAC bill? Optimally a building will

realize 33% of the energy savings as a

beneft. That is, for every watt you save

in lighting you save an additional one-

third of a watt in reduced HVAC draw.

The best candidates for this full bonus

are facilities that use a lot of energy for

their AC. Some facilities may not have

HVAC for instance, a parking garage

or open warehouse. In these cases there

would be zero HVAC bonus savings.

Still, building owners can calculate the

HVAC energy bonus, and it is real and

tangible. Dont forget to include it in

your calculation.

Maintenance savings

Last, we will address the complex

topic of maintenance savings. LED

lighting systems last longer than

fuorescents and so owners save in

two areas: the cost of the replacement

lamps and the labor cost of replacing

the bulbs and ballasts.

There is more to the cost of replac-

ing bulbs than just these two compo-

nents. Consider a casino where chang-

ing out a single lamp can cost $5,000

or more. The casino must add in the

cost of bringing in a lift, cording off the

area, readjusting security, and the loss

of revenue as people stop playing slots

to watch the exciting bulb replacement.

Casinos track the revenue of each slot

and game over time. The costs of re-

placing lamps are well documented.

Fig. 3 depicts the casino savings break-

down. Some casinos will consider the

$5,000 cost to be conservative. Many

other businesses also suffer unexpect-

edly high maintenance costs.

Some businesses proactively manage

the maintenance process. An upscale

automotive dealership will use group re-

lamping to control the costs. Dozens of

cars need to be removed from the show-

room and then brought back in, so the

cost can be signifcant. A $3,000 charge

per re-lamping is not unexpected and

you may see this done more than twice

per year with the lighting playing a criti-

cal role in highlighting the vehicles for

customers. Fig. 4 depicts the savings

breakdown for auto dealers.

Labor costs are also almost always

an issue. Some companies will swear

to you that they just use existing staff

and that there are no real additional

costs incurred except the lamps. One

facilities director for a set of restaurants

made this claim loudly in front of man-

agement, that there was no added cost

for lighting maintenance, but he still

absorbed thousands of dollars in over-

time every single month. The director

pointed out that the overtime was not

lighting related. He pointed out that

the crew handled the re-lamping dur-

ing the day. That work, however, left


for a casino attributable to an LED

lighting retroft.


for an automotive dealership

attributable to an LED lighting

retroft.

1403IIF_C3 3 3/20/14 2:49 PM


cleanup tasks for which the restaurants

paid overtime to cover.

Calculating the labor cost for a lamp

replacement often involves asking ques-

tions about how labor is used and how

management calculates their cost. One

of our clients used contract union la-

bor at $120 an hour to do their lamp

replacements. For this client even rou-

tine lamp replacements were expensive.

One site manager we worked with used

the maintenance budget to cover atten-

dance at conventions.

So for this portion of the savings

there is no simple calculation that you

can use; you need to understand how

labor is used and how it works. You

also have to spend the time with the

property owner and facilities manager

to get honest answers that you can use

to prepare your calculations.

SSCS has reviewed multiple projects

where the energy savings are only 50%

of the total savings and less than that

on a few rare exceptions one being

a paint booth for ships superstructures.

The additive benefts of savings are im-

pressive when you know where to look

and how to add them up.

Still, remember that savings are

more than a factor in determining ROI.

The primary factor in justifying ret-

rofts will remain the market value of

buildings and other facilities. Each in-

crease in savings adds to the market

value of the property, and the total net

worth of a project.

Design) Platinum requirements (Fig.

5). The branch was designed as a net-

zero building, meaning that it generates

more electricity than it uses.

The PNC branch uses many of the

technologies weve discussed in this ar-

ticle and in other recent Illumination in

Focus features. The company has said

that the solar panels visible in Fig. 6

feed a DC ceiling grid to power the in-

door lighting. The bank has not men-

tioned the EMerge Alliance but Paul

Savage, CEO of Nextek, said the branch

uses the DC FlexZone powered by

Nextek EMerge-compliant Power Serve

Modules (PSMs) and that other fxtures

connect directly over low-voltage wir-

ing to the PSMs.

Daylight harvesting also plays a key

role in the energy effciency achieved

by PNC. As we covered in a feature last

April, daylighting can reduce the reli-

ance on artifcial lighting during day-

time hours (http://bit.ly/1igGhXN). In

the PNC case, sensors dim or extinguish

lights when daylight is plentiful.

Other building systems

The bank building design also plays a

part in the daylighting and in minimiz-

ing energy used by the HVAC system. A

solar shade thats evident in Fig. 5 re-

fects some sunlight during the hottest

time of the day to reduce the energy

used for cooling. Still, the shade allows

suffcient daylight to pass, minimizing

the need for artifcial lighting.

PNC also used adaptive controls for

occupancy. Sensors that detect vacant

spaces can trigger both lights and com-

puter monitors to shut off. The bank

branch has many other green features

including a ventilation system that re-

covers energy and a vertical plant wall

that helps cool the building.

PNC has yet to reveal any details about

how much the individual elements such

as the DC grid add to energy effciency.

But the bank has revealed projections for

the 4900-ft2 building. PNC expects the

design to produce 84,000 kWh each year

while consuming 70,000 kWh. The dif-

ference is enough to power a 1600-ft2

home according to PNC. PNC said the

branch uses 50% less energy than a typi-

cal bank branch of comparable size.

DC proponents can make the case

that we would be better off with a DC

grid as the basis of our entire electrical

system. But that horse has proverbially

left the barn. Still, new buildings will

be able to adopt DC as the primary grid

going forward. The key to broad accep-

tance, however, is the ability for build-

ings to use a hybrid approach, and that

has guided the efforts of the EMerge Al-

liance since inception. The standards

have been crafted such that DC tech-

nology can be adopted at the room to

building level, and that makes it per-

fectly suitable for retroft scenarios. We

expect to see much broader DC usage in

2014 and will bring you coverage of case

studies as they emerge.

Calculating the labor cost for

lamp replacement involves how labor

is used and how management

calculates their cost.

continued from page 18

1403IIF_C4 4 3/20/14 2:49 PM

Table of ContentsfeaturesCOVER STORYTunable LEDs soothe or energize souls

CONFERENCE PREVIEWLight+Building exhibit sreveal the latest in lighting and controls

DC GRIDSLighting system sleverage DC distribution for maximum effciency

RENOVATIONCommercial LED retroft justifes project with market value increase

departments | columnsEDITORIALLED lamps poised for steep growth

LIGHTBEATSoraa brings GaN-on-GaN LEDsto AR111 lamps, adds high-CCT MR16sCree develops 23,000-lm LED high-bay luminaireGE supplies Intrinsx-based planar LED luminaires to US embassy in Finland

Illumination in Focus Spring 2014

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