IIT, IPR Seminar for Textile Engineers 26th March 2009

8/9/2019 IIT, IPR Seminar for Textile Engineers 26th March 2009

1/57

Gazagmx} O{mdhmeb Zrnbra``k ne

Bknbrazfmgad Mehmgaxmnew , Hkwmbe

_kbmwxraxmne lnr Xkvxmdk Kebmekkrw

nrbaemykh o} _aim| Baehfm Wgfnnd nl

Mexkddkgx{ad Zrnzkrx} Da MMX Cfarabz{r


2/57

?


3/57

1% _kawnew xn Zrnxkgx Gnz}rmbfx?% Gfaragxkrmwxmgw nl Gnz}rmbfx

7% Mexkreaxmnead Gnz}rmbfx _kbm`k

8% Mehma aeh X_MZW

;% K`krbmeb Gfaddkebkw


4/57

Xn bm|k wxax{xnr} kvzrkwwmne xn xfk `nrad aeh

kgnen`mg rmbfxw nl grkaxnrw me xfkmr grkaxmnew

aeh w{gf rmbfxw nl z{odmg me aggkww xn xfnwk

grkaxmnew Xn zrn`nxk grkaxm|mx} aeh xfk hmwwk`meaxmne

aeh azzdmgaxmne nl mxw rkw{dxw aeh xn

kegn{rabk lamr xrahmeb fmgf n{dh

gnexrmo{xk xn kgnen`mg aeh wngmadhk|kdnz`kex

Hr% Xaorky af`ah$ Awwngmaxk Zrnlkwwnr nl Da$fxxz9..mzdkvmehma%odnbwznx%gn` ?


5/57

Wxax{xnr} rmbfxw

Dm`mxkh me xm`k

Xkrrmxnrmad Me azzdmgaxmne



6/57

_mbfxw braexkh ark kwwkexmadd} ekbaxm|k

Xfk rmbfx nekr hnkw enx ekkh xfk rmbfx me

nrhkr xn kvzdnmx a `arckx lnr mxw bnnhw nr

wkr|mgkw Xfk rmbfx bm|kw en dmokrx} xn mbenrk xfk rmbfxw

nl nxfkr mehm|mh{adw & megd{hmeb xfkmr

mexkddkgx{ad zrnzkrx} - nr xn n|krrmhk z{odmg

dmaomdmxmkwHnkw enx gnelkr ne rmbfx nekrw zrnh{gxw ae}

zrm|mdkbkh znwmxmne me mexkreaxmnead xrahk



7/57

_kb{daxkh o} gne|kexmnew.Xrkaxmkw

Zrmegmzad Xrkaxmkw

Okrek Gne|kexmne lnr xfk Zrnxkgxmne nl Dmxkrar}

aeh Arxmwxmg Rnrcw _n`k Gne|kexmne

[em|krwad Gnz}rmbfx Gne|kexmne

RMZN grkaxkh me 1=


8/57

_axmlmkh xfk RXN Abrkk`kex me Hkgk`okr

1==8 aeh xf{w okga`k a zarx} xn xfk X_MZW

Nodmbkh xn `ack mxw MZ daw X_MZW gn`zdmaex

MZ daw a`kehkh.ek dkbmwdaxmnew keagxkh megkrxame arkaw



9/57

W{owmwxw me Kvzrkwwmne

Enx me

Mhkaw

Zrngkh{rk

@kxfnhw nl nzkraxmne

@axfk`axmgad gnegkzxw



10/57

Rrmxmebw$ megd{hmeb wgmkexmlmg aeh xkgfemgad

xkvxw aeh gn`z{xkr zrnbra``kw

Haxaoawkw xfax ark nrmbmead h{k xn xfk

wkdkgxmne nr arraebk`kex nl xfkmr gnexkexw@{wmgad nrcw

A{hmn|mw{ad nrcw

Rnrcw nl lmek arxw$ megd{hmeb hramebw$

zamexmebw aeh zfnxnbrazfw



11/57

Gnexrmo{xmnew nl nxfkrw fn ahh |ad{k me xfk

zrkwkexaxmne nl dmxkrar} aeh arxmwxmg nrcw xn

xfk z{odmg9 zkrlnr`meb arxmwxw$ w{gf aw

agxnrw$ haegkrw$ wmebkrw aeh `{wmgmaew3 xfkzrnh{gkrw nl zfnenbra`w$ megd{hmeb GHw3 aeh

ornahgawxmeb nrbaemyaxmnew



12/57

X_MZW rkq{mrk gn`zdmaegk mxf xfk zrn|mwmnew

nl Okrek Gne|kexmne

Mehma mw a zarx} xn xfk Okrek Gne|kexmne $

&166;- wmegk 1=?7 aeh adwn xfk [em|krwadGnz}rmbfx Gne|kexmne$ 1=;?

Da ne gnz}rmbfx me Mehma me aggnrhaegk mxf

xfk mexkreaxmnead wxaeharhw aw damh hne me

gnz}rmbfx gne|kexmnew



13/57

Gnz}rmbfx Agx$ 1=;2 mw xnxadd} X_MZW

gn`zdmaex alxkr xfk 1=== A`keh`kex

Aggnrhw zrnxkgxmne xn gn`z{xkr zrnbra`w

&wmegk 1=68-Rmxf xfk ah|aegk`kex nl xkgfendnb}$

Gnz}rmbfx daw me Mehma fa|k adwn okke

gfaebmeb xn ckkz zagk mxf xfk xm`kw%

Xfk Gnz}rmbfx Agx$ 1=;2 aw keagxkh aehga`k mexn lnrgk ne xfk ?1wx nl Iae{ar} 1=;6%



14/57

j Me mxw Noikgxw aeh _kawnew xfk dkbmwdax{rk

rkgnbemykh xfax /ek aeh ah|aegkh `kaew nl

gn``{emgaxmnew dmck ornahgawxmeb$ dmxfn

zfnxnbrazf}$ kxg%/ gadd lnr gkrxame a`keh`kexw

me xfk kvmwxmeb daw &Gnz}rmbfx Agx$ 1=11-%

j Xfk dkbmwdax{rk adwn gn``kexkh xfax /ahkq{axk

zrn|mwmnew fa|k xn ok `ahk lnr l{dlmdd`kex nl

mexkreaxmnead nodmbaxmnew me xfk lmkdh nl

gnz}rmbfx fmgf Mehma `{wx aggkzx/% Mx mw me xfmw}kar &1=;2- xfax gmek`axnbrazf lmd`w hkrm|kh

wkzaraxk gnz}rmbfxw azarx lrn` mxw |armn{w

gn`znekexw$ ea`kd}$ wxnr}$ `{wmg kxg%



15/57

j Xfk Mehmae i{hmgmar} faw adwn gn`k lnrarhxn zrnxkgx gnz}rmbfxw% Xfk m`znrxaegk nlgnz}rmbfx daw aw azxd} ke{egmaxkh o}Fneodk Layad Adm$ I% nl xfk W{zrk`k Gn{rx nlMehma me _%B%Aeaeh \w Hkd{v Lmd`w% &1=26- 8WGG 116$ Xfk gn{rx fkdh 9

j mx wkk`w xn {w xfax xfk l{eha`kexad mhka nl|mndaxmne nl gnz}rmbfx nr m`mxaxmne mw xfk

|mndaxmne nl xfk Kmbfxf Gn``aeh`kex 9/Xfn{ wfadd enx wxkad/ fmgf lnr`w xfk`nrad oawmw nl xfk zrnxkgxm|k zrn|mwmnew nlXfk Gnz}rmbfx Agx%/



16/57

Xfk W{zrk`k Gn{rx$ rkgnbemwkh xfax

gnz}rmbfxkh `axkrmadw ark zrkzarkh alxkr

kvzkehmeb a brkax hkad nl daon{r$ kekrb}$

xm`k aeh aomdmx}% Ml ae} nxfkr zkrwne mwaddnkh xn azzrnzrmaxk xfk daon{rw nl xfk

gnz}rmbfxkh nrc$ fmw agx a`n{exw xn xfklx

o} hkzrm|meb xfk nrmbmead nekr nl xfk

gnz}rmbfx nl xfk zrnh{gx nl fmw daon{r%



17/57

j Xfk daw fa|k xfkrkalxkr okke w{oikgxkh xn

gkrxame gfaebkw%

j Mx aw A`kehkh me1=68$ fmgf wzkgmlmgadd}

ahhrkwwkh xfk mww{k nl zmrag}%j Xfk Wxaxk`kex nl Noikgxw aeh _kawnew xn xfk

a`keh`kex agcendkhbkh zmrag} aw a /bdnoad

zrnodk` h{k xn xfk razmh ah|aegkw me

xkgfendnb}/%

j Okwmhkw ahhrkwwmeb xfk dnww me xfk lnr` nl

rn}adxmkw xn xfk dkbmxm`axk gnz}rmbfx nekrw$

xfk dkbmwdax{rk adwn rkadmykh xfk

j dnwwkw xn xfk kvgfkq{kr o} a} nl xav k|awmne%Hr% Xaorky af`ah$ Awwngmaxk Zrnlkwwnr nl Da$

fxxz9..mzdkvmehma%odnbwznx%gn` ?


18/57

j Gn``kexmeb wzkgmlmgadd} ne `nxmne zmgx{rkw aeh

wn{eh rkgnrhmebw$ C _a`awa`} , B%O%Zaxeamc II$

nl xfk W{zrk`k Gn{rx me Wxaxk nl Aehfra Zrahkwf |Eabnxm \kecaxara`aea$ fmdk gn``kexmeb {zne xfk

1=68 a`keh`kexw me Xfk Gnz}rmbfx Agx fkdh 9

j /Xfk noikgx nl a`kehmeb Xfk Gnz}rmbfx Agx o} Agx

a`keh`kex


19/57

@nrkn|kr$ xfk noikgx nl xfk zmraxk mw xn àck

q{mgc `nek} aeh a|nmh za}`kex nl dkbmxmàxk

xavkw aeh rn}adxmkw% Xfk {egkrxmlmkh lmd`w ark

okmeb kvfmomxkh ne a darbk wgadk% @{wfrnn`meb

brnxf nl |mhkn zardn{rw faw wzr{eb {z add n|kr

xfk gn{exr} kvfmomxmeb w{gf lmd`w rkgnrhkh ne

|mhkn xazkw o} gfarbmeb ah`mwwmne lkk lrn` xfk

|mwmxnrw% Xfkrklnrk$ azarx lrn` megrkawmeb xfk

zkeadx} nl z{emwf`kex {ehkr da mx adwn zrn|mhkwxfk hkgdaraxmne ne xfk nllkegk nl melrmebk`kex

aeh |mhkn lmd`w xn hmwzda} gkrxame melnràxmne ne

xfk rkgnrhkh |mhkn lmd`w aeh gnexamekrw

xfkrknl%/Hr% Xaorky afàh$ Awwngmaxk Zrnlkwwnr nl Da$

fxxz9..mzdkvmehma%odnbwznx%gn` ?


20/57

j Gkrxame rkdk|aex znrxmnew lrn` xfk Noikgx aeh_kawnew lnr xfk a`keh`kex ark rkzrnh{gkh

okdn 9

j /%rkgnrhkh `{wmg aeh |mhkn gawwkxxkw nl lmd`waeh X\ zrnbra``kw ark rkzrnh{gkh$ hmwxrmo{xkhaeh wndh ne a àwwm|k wgadk me àe} zarxw nl xfk

nrdh mxfn{x ae} rk`{ekraxmne xn xfk a{xfnrw$arxmwxkw$ z{odmwfkrw aeh zrnh{gkrw gnegkrekh%Xfk k`krbkegk nl ek xkgfemq{kw nlrkgnrhmebw$ lmvaxmne aeh rkzrnh{gxmne nl a{hmnzrnbra``kw$ gnòmekh mxf xfk ah|kex nl

|mhkn xkgfendnb} fa|k brkaxd} fkdzkh xfkzmraxkw% Mx mw kwxmàxkh xfax xfk dnwwkw xn xfklmd` zrnh{gkrw aeh nxfkr nekrw nl gnz}rmbfxa`n{ex xn wk|krad grnrkw nl r{zkkw%



21/57

j Xfk dnww xn Bn|kre`kex me xkr`w nl xav k|awmne

adwn a`n{exw xn grnrkw nl r{zkkw% Me ahhmxmne$

okga{wk nl xfk rkgkex |mhkn onn` me xfkgn{exr}$ xfkrk ark rkznrxw xfax {egkrxmlmkh

|mhkn lmd`w ark okmeb kvfmomxkh ne a darbk wgadk%

A darbk e{`okr nl |mhkn zardn{rw fa|k adwn

wzr{eb {z add n|kr xfk gn{exr} aeh xfk} kvfmomxw{gf lmd`w rkgnrhkh ne |mhkn xazkw o} gfarbmeb

ah`mwwmne lkkw lrn` xfkmr gdmkexw%

j Me |mk nl xfkwk gmrg{`wxaegkw$ mx mw zrnznwkh

xn a`keh xfk Gnz}rmbfx Agx$ 1=;2$ w{mxaod} xngn`oax kllkgxm|kd} xfk zmrag} xfax mw zrk|adkex

me xfk gn{exr}/



22/57

j Me mxw kllnrx xn ahhrkww xfk aon|k mww{kw$ o} a} nl

xfk a`keh`kexw$ xfk lnddnmeb gfaebkw krk

megnrznraxkh me xfk Agx$ ea`kd} % 9

m% xfk z{emwf`kex zrn|mhkh lnr xfk melrmebk`kex nl xfk

gnz}rmbfx aw kefaegkh xn a àvm`{` nl xfrkk }karw$

mxf a `mem {` z{emwf`kex nl m`zrmwne`kex nl wmv

`nexfw$ aeh a lmek {zxn xn _w% ? dacfw$ mxf a `mem`{` nl

_w% ;:$:::.%3 Ae kefaegkh z{emwf`kex me xfk gawk nl

wkgneh aeh w{owkq{kex gne|mgxmnew aw adwn zrn|mhkh lnr3

mm% Xfk zrn|mwmnew nl xfk Agx krk en wzkgmlmgadd} àhk

azzdmgaodk xn |mhkn lmd`w aeh gn`z{xk zrnbra`kw3

mmm% Xfk zrnh{gkrw nl rkgnrhw aeh |mhkn lmd`w krk en

{ehkr a wxax{xnr} nodmbaxmne xn hmwzda} gkrxame melnràxmneme xfk rkgnrhw$ |mhkn lmd`w aeh gnexamekrw xfkrknl$ fmgf

megd{hkh xfk ea`k nl xfk gnz}rmbfx nekr$ }kar nl lmrwx

z{odmgaxmne kxg%



23/57

Gnz}rmbfx da$ a`kehkh me I{ek 1==8$

okga`k kllkgxm|k ne @a} 1:$ 1==; aeh

kwxaodmwfkh ae kexmrkd} ek znxkexmad lnr

rkh{gmeb zmrag} me Mehma% Xfk dkbmwdax{rkl{rxfkr rkgnbemykh xfax gnz}rmbfx da

zrn`nxkw xfk grkaxmne nl dmxkrar}$ arxmwxmg$

hra`axmg aeh `{wmgad nrcw$ gmek`axnbrazf

lmd`w aeh wn{eh rkgnrhmebw o} zrn|mhmebgkrxame kvgd{wm|k rmbfxw xn xfkmr a{xfnrw aeh

grkaxnrw



24/57

j Mx aw lkdx xfax xfk zrkwkex Agx ekkhw rk|a`zmeb

ne xfk lnddnmeb brn{ehw 9

xn kvxkeh `nrk kllkgxm|k zrnxkgxmne xn nekrw nl

gnz}rmbfx aeh rkdaxkh rmbfxw me xfk gnexkvx nl

xkgfendnbmgad hk|kdnz`kexw allkgxmeb xfk

rkzrnh{gxmne nl nrhw o}$ mexkr adma$ ormebmeb mxfme

xfk wgnzk nl gnz}rmbfx xfk w{owkq{kex fmrk nr wadk nlgnzmkw nl gmek`axnbrazf lmd`w$ gn`z{xkr

zrnbra``kw aeh wn{eh rkgnrhmebw%

xn l{rxfkr gdarml} xfk da me rkwzkgx nl gaodk$

waxkddmxk aeh nxfkr `kaew nl wm`{dxaekn{w

gn``{emgaxmne nl nrcw xn `nrk xfae nek fn{wkfndhnr zrm|axk zdagk nl rkwmhkegk$ megd{hmeb xfk

rkwmhkexmad rnn`w nl a fnxkd nr a fnwxkd%



25/57

Xn `ack zrn|mwmnew lnr dmgkewkw fkrko} xfk

rkzrnh{gxmne nl nrcw o} rkzrnbrazfmg

kq{mz`kex nr o} `kaew nl hk|mgkw w{gf aw

xazk rkgnrhkrw aeh |mhkn gawwkxxk rkgnrhkrw$fkrk w{gf rkzrnh{gxmne n{dh enx {ehkr

xfk kvmwxmeb da ok melrmebk`kex nl

gnz}rmbfx$ wfadd ok w{oikgx xn za}`kex nr

rk`{ekraxmne xn gnz}rmbfx nekrw o} `kaew

nl a dk|} ne w{gf kq{mz`kex%



26/57

j Xfk da zrnxkgxw gmekàxnbrazf lmd`w aw a

hmwxmegx nrc$ bm|meb xfk zrnh{gkr nl xfk lmd`

xfk kvgd{wm|k rmbfxw

m% xn àck a gnz} nl xfk lmd`$ megd{hmeb azfnxnbrazf nl ae} màbk lnr`meb zarx xfkrknl3

mm% xn wkdd nr bm|k ne fmrk$ nr nllkr lnr wadk nr fmrk$

ae} gnz} nl xfk lmd` rkbarhdkww nl fkxfkr w{gf gnz}

faw okke wndh nr bm|ke ne fmrk ne kardmkr nggawmnew3

mmm% xn gn``{emgaxk xfk lmd` xn xfk z{odmg



27/57

j Mehma$ okmeb a `kòkr nl xn nl xfk àinrgnz}rmbfx gne|kexmnew nl xfk nrdh &Xfk Okrek

Gne|kexmne aeh Xfk [em|krwad Gnz}rmbfxGne|kexmne-$

j Mehmae nrcw aeh nrcw nl Mehmae a{xfnrw arkaggnrhkh gnz}rmbfx zrnxkgxmne me add àinrgn{exrmkw nl xfk nrdh% Dmckmwk$ lnrkmbe nrcwaeh nrcw nl lnrkmbe a{xfnrw ark aggnrhkh xfkwa`k zrnxkgxmne aw Mehmae nrcw%

j Me ahhmxmne xn xfk da ormebmeb Mehma ekd} mexngn`zdmaegk mxf mxw w{owxaexm|k X_MZW

nodmbaxmnew me xfk gnz}rmbfx arka$ xfk dazrn|mhkw lnr ek `mem`{` grm`mead zkeadxmkwmegd{hmeb a àehaxnr} `mem`{` iamd xkr`fmgf$ ml m`zdk`kexkh$ mdd bn lar xn gnexrnddmebzmrag}%



28/57

j Xfk Gaodk Xkdk|mwmnew Ekxnrcw &_kb{daxmne- Agx

aw keagxkh me 1==; xn gnexrnd xfk /g{dx{rad

me|awmne/ o} xraew`mxxad nl wmbeadw nl lnrkmbe

xkdk|mwmnew% Xfk wxaxk`kex nl Noikgxw aeh_kawnew nl xfk Agx zrngkkhw ne xfk zrkw{`zxmne

xfax w{owgrmokrw aeh gaodk nzkraxnrw ark enx

aark nl xfkmr rmbfxw$ rkwznewmomdmxmkw aeh

nodmbaxmnew me rkwzkgx nl kvfmomxmne nl {egkrxmlmkh

lmd`w aeh xfk zrnxkgxmne nl w{owgrmokrw lrn`

aexmeaxmnead ornahgawxw &Mx wa}w wn me wn `ae}

nrhw-%



29/57

[wk nl `axkrmad zrnxkgxkh o} gnz}rmbfx adwn

lmehw a `kexmne% [ehkr xfk Agx$ a zrngkh{rk

lnr rkbmwxraxmne nl gaodk nzkraxnrw aw

zrn|mhkh lnr xfk lmrwx xm`k% _{eemeb a gaodkekxnrc mxfn{x rkbmwxraxmne en me|mxkw

m`zrmwne`kex aeh zkeadxmkw%



30/57

j Xfk Agx a`kehkh me xfk }kar ?::: xn

wxrkebxfke kelnrgk`kex abamewx zmrag} ne gaodkekxnrcw% Ahhmxmnead a{xfnrmykh nllmgkrw

krk k`znkrkh xn w{zkr|mwk xfkwk ekxnrcw%

j Xfk ?::: A`keh`kex lnr xfk lmrwx xm`k

rkgnbemykh xfk lagx xfax gaodk nzkraxnrw adwnrkq{mrk gnz}rmbfx dmgkewkw lnr kvfmomxmeb

wnlxark ne xfkmr ekxnrcw aeh kvfmomxmne nl

ae} zrnbra` mxfn{x xfk kvzrkww dmgkewk nl xfk

gnz}rmbfx nekr aw lnr xfk lmrwx xm`k `ahk ae

nllkegk {ehkr xfmw dkbmwdaxmne%



31/57

Gnz}rmbfx Agx hnkw enx gnexame zrn|mwmnew xn

lagk xfk gfaddkebkw znwkh o} xfk Mexkrekx%

Me 1==


32/57

Gnz}rmbfx me Odnbw

@{wmg Zmrag} Eazwxkr$ CAYA$ Be{xkdda$ xn

Brncwxkr

Gnz}rmbfx aeh nzke wn{rgk dmgkewk Wnlxark Zmrag}

Lmdk wfarmeb O{ddkxme onarh w}wxk`$ nrc{x$

lagk onnc kxg%



33/57

Xfk bn|kre`kex faw memxmaxkh wn`k `kaw{rkw lnr

okxxkr kelnrgk`kex nl gnz}rmbfx daw% A

w{``ar} nl wn`k nl xfkwk `kaw{rkw mw bm|ke

okdn 9 Xfk Hkzarx`kex nl Kh{gaxmne$ @memwxr} nl

F{`ae rkwn{rgk Hk|kdnz`kex$ Bn|kre`kex nl

Mehma faw gnewxmx{xkh a Gnz}rmbfx Kelnrgk`kex

Ah|mwnr} Gn{egmd &GKAG-%



34/57

Xfk GKAG mw rkgnewxmx{xkh lrn` xm`k xn xm`k

xn rk|mk zkrmnhmgadd} xfk zrnbrkww nl

kelnrgk`kex nl xfk Gnz}rmbfx Agx aeh xn

ah|mwk xfk bn|kre`kex ne `kaw{rkw lnrm`zrn|meb xfk kelnrgk`kex%



35/57

Grkaxmne nl wkzaraxk gkddw me wxaxk zndmgk

fkahq{arxkrw% Wxaxkw fa|k adwn okke ah|mwkh xn

hkwmbeaxk a enhad nllmgkr lnr gnz}rmbfx

kelnrgk`kex xn lagmdmxaxk kaw} mexkragxmne o}gnz}rmbfx meh{wxr} nrbaemyaxmnew aeh gnz}rmbfx

nekrw%



36/57

j Kegn{rabmeb wkxxmeb {z nl gnddkgxm|kah`memwxraxmne wngmkxmkw aeh nrbaemyaxmne nlwk`mearw aeh nrcwfnzw xn grkaxk brkaxkraarkekww aon{x gnz}rmbfx da a`neb xfk

kelnrgk`kex zkrwneekd aeh xfk bkekrad z{odmg%Lnr gnddkgxm|k ah`memwxraxmne nl gnz}rmbfx$gnz}rmbfx wngmkxmkw ark wkx {z lnr hmllkrkexgdawwkw nl nrcw%

j Ax zrkwkex xfkrk ark xfrkk rkbmwxkrkh gnz}rmbfx

wngmkxmkw% Xfkwk ark xfkj Wngmkx} lnr Gnz}rmbfx _kb{daxmnew nl Mehmae

Zrnh{gkrw nl Lmd`w , Xkdk|mwmne &WG_MZX- lnrgmek`axnbrazfmg lmd`w$



37/57

j Mehmae Zkrlnr`meb _mbfxw Wngmkx} Dm`mxkh

&MZ_W- lnr `{wmgad nrcw aeh

j Zfnenbrazfmg Zkrlnr`aegk Dm`mxkh &ZZD- lnr

wn{eh rkgnrhmebw%j Xfkrk mw en ae {rbkex ekkh lnr add xfk

gnewxmx{kex zarxw$ m%k% xfk rmbfxw nekrw$ xfk

bn|kre`kex$ xfk kelnrgk`kex abkegmkw aeh

xfk i{hmgmar}$ xn nrc inmexd} me krahmgaxmebxfk `keagk nl zmrag}%



38/57

Lmrwxd}$ MZ mw ae m`znrxaex gnewmhkraxmne me wn`k nl xfk

aon|k znmexw9

Zrmgmeb nl xfk zrnh{gx mdd zarxd} hkzkeh ne xfk

kvxkex xn fmgf xfk xrahk`arc mw rkgnbemykh aeh|ad{kh o} gnew{`krw$ aeh xfk kvxkex xn fmgf

zrnh{gx mdd lagk gn`zkxmxmne lrn` rm|ad zrnh{gxw

Ahazxaxmne nl zrnh{gx . oraeh . hkwmbe . zagcabmeb$mdd me|nd|k grkaxm|k nr me|kexm|k nrc xfax `a} ok

zrnxkgxkh xfrn{bf xfk MZ w}wxk`



39/57

Me ramwmeb l{ehw$ zaxkexw$ o{x adwnxrahkàrcw à} ok m`znrxaex lnr

gne|megmeb me|kwxnrw$ |kex{rk gazmxadmwxw$kxg%

Me abrkk`kexw mxf dngad zarxekrw mx mddok m`znrxaex xn gdarml} mww{kw nl nekrwfmznl MZ rmbfxw$ zarxmg{dard} ml xfk zrnh{gx mdd

ok àe{lagx{rkh$ zagcabkh nr `nhmlmkhaornah



40/57

@arckxmeb aeh ah|krxmwmeb ga`zambew mdd rkd}

wxrnebd} ne xfk oraeh.xrahk`arc fmgf ml

{ezrnxkgxkh n{dh ok `{gf `nrk hmllmg{dx xnkelnrgk

Xfk xm`meb nl zarxmgmzaxmne me lamrw `a} ok

allkgxkh o} xfk xm`meb nl }n{r azzdmgaxmnew lnr MZzrnxkgxmne



41/57

zrnxkgxmeb MZ me kvznrx àrckxw à} fkdz a

gn`zae} xn zrk|kex nxfkrw lrn` m`mxaxmeb nr

gnz}meb xfk zrnh{gx &nr zarxw nl mx- mxfn{x

a{xfnrmyaxmne%

MZ zrnxkgxmne à} keaodk a gn`zae} xn aggkww

ek àrckxw xfrn{bfdmgkewmeb$ lraegfmwmeb$inmex |kex{rkw nr nxfkr gnexragx{ad abrkk`kexw

mxf nxfkr gn`zaemkw%



42/57

lamd{rk xn gnewmhkr MZ mww{kw `a} rkw{dx me

laxad dnwwkw ml }n{r zrnh{gxw ark gnewmhkrkh xn

ok melrmebmeb xfk rmbfxw nl nxfkrw

Kvznrxkrw nlxke rkadmyk xfk m`znrxaegk nl

zrnxkgxmeb xfkmr MZ negk mx mw xnn daxk9 k%b%

negk xfk} fa|k `mwwkh xfk hkahdmekw lnr

azzdmgaxmne nr negk xfkmr zrnh{gx nr oraeh

faw okke gnzmkh%



43/57

MZ zrnxkgxmne mw xkrrmxnrmadKva`zdk9 ml }n{ fa|k azzdmkh lnr aeh noxamekh zaxkex

zrnxkgxmne lnr }n{r meen|axm|k zrnh{gx me }n{r ne

gn{exr}$ }n{ mdd ENX okeklmx lrn` wm`mdar zrnxkgxmne

me nxfkr gn{exrmkw {edkww }n{ fa|k adwn noxamekhzrnxkgxmne me xfnwk gn{exrmkw%

Kvgkzxmnew9

Gnz}rmbfx aeh rkdaxkh rmbfxw9

a{xn`axmg zrnxkgxmne me n|kr 1;: gn{exrmkw Xrahk wkgrkxw9 en lnr`ad rkbmwxraxmne%



44/57

MZ daw aehzrngkh{rkw ark enx mhkexmgad nrdh-

mhk

Kva`zdk 19 xrahk`arc zrnxkgxmne {wk |w% rkbmwxraxmneKva`zdk ?9 lmrwx-xn-lmdk w}wxk` lnr zaxkexw |w% lmrwx-xn-

me|kex w}wxk`

Kva`zdk 79 wnlxark zrnxkgxmne &gnz}rmbfx |w% zaxkexw

Kva`zdk 89 hkwmbew nr nrcw nl azzdmkh arx &gnz}rmbfx|w% meh{wxrmad hkwmbe zrnxkgxmne



45/57

Kew{rk xfax }n{r zrnh{gx hnkw enx melrmebk MZ rmbfxw nl

nxfkrw9 aead}yk }n{r lrkkhn` xn nzkraxk

Kva`zdk 19 xfk wa`k xrahkàrc à} adrkah} kvmwx mexfk kvznrx àrckx

Kva`zdk ?9 mx mw znwwmodk xfax a bm|ke xkgfendnb} mw enx

zaxkexkh me }n{r gn{exr} o{x mw zaxkexkh kdwkfkrk

Kva`zdk 79 }n{ à} fa|k a dmgkewk xn {wk a bm|kexkgfendnb} me }n{r ne gn{exr}$ o{x }n{ hn enx fa|k

xfk rmbfx xn {wk mx me ae kvznrx àrckx



46/57

Xfkrk ark rkbmnead aeh mexkreaxmnead zrnxkgxmnew}wxk`w xfax `a} ok {wkl{d lnr wa|meb xm`k aeh`nek} aeh wm`zdml}meb zrngkh{rkw lnr azzd}meb lnrzrnxkgxmne me |armn{w gn{exrmkw%

Mexkreaxmnead W}wxk`w9

Meh{wxrmad Hkwmbew9 Xfk Fab{k W}wxk`

Xrahk`arcw9 Xfk @ahrmh W}wxk`

Zaxkexw9 Xfk Zaxkex Gnnzkraxmne Xrkax} nrZGX



47/57

Gdkard} hklmek mww{kw zkrxamemeb xn MZ nekrwfmzmxf zarxekrw

Kva`zdk9M l }n{ ark hk|kdnzmeb a ek zrnh{gxmxf aenxfkr kexkrzrmwk$ kwxaodmwfmeb a inmex

|kex{rk$ nr `nhml}meb xfk hkwmbe$ zagcabk nrxrahk`arc nl a zrnh{gx$ kew{rk xfax mx mw gdkar&zrklkraod} me xfk rmxxke gnexragx fn mdd okxfk nekr nl ae} MZbkekraxkh%



48/57

Kard} hmwgdnw{rk nl }n{r zrnh{gx mxfn{x

zrnxkgxmne mw rmwc}

Kva`zdk9 ml }n{ hmwgdnwk }n{r zrnh{gx xn

xrahk zar xekrw &k%b%$ kvznrx wadkw

rkzrkwkexaxm|kw- mxfn{x a enehmwgdnw{rkabrkk`kex nr }n{ z{odmwf }n{r ek zrnh{gx

me a gaxadnb{k$ orngf{rk$ kxg% zrmnr xn

azzd}meb lnr zrnxkgxmne }n{ `a} dnwk }n{r

me|kexmne nr hkwmbe xn nxfkrw nr lmeh }n{`a} en dnebkr zrnxkgx mx%



49/57

Xfkrk ark hkahdmekw lnr azzd}meb lnr MZ zrnxkgxmne aornah

Negk }n{ fa|k azzdmkh lnr zaxkex nr hkwmbe zrnxkgxmne me

}n{r fn`k gn{exr} }n{ fa|k a dm`mxkh zkrmnh nl xm`k

&gaddkh xfk zrmnrmx} zkrmnh- xn azzd} lnr xfk zrnxkgxmne

aornah% Negk xfk zrmnrmx} zkrmnh faw dazwkh$ ml }n{ fa|kenx lmdkh ae azzdmgaxmne$ mx mdd ok xnn daxk%

Zaxkexw9 1? `nexfw

Hkwmbew9 < `nexfw

Xrahk`arcw9 < `nexfw)



50/57

_kbmnead W}wxk`w &`a} adwn ok {wkh o} azzdmgaexw lrn`n{xwmhk xfk rkbmnew-

Alrmgae _kbmnead Meh{wxrmad Zrnzkrx} Nllmgk

Okekd{v Hkwmbew aeh Okekd{v Xrahk`arcw Nllmgkw

K{rawmae Zaxkex Nllmgk K{rnzkae Zaxkex Nllmgk

Nllmgk lnr xfk Far`nemyaxmne nlxfk Mexkread@arckx&X@w aehMHw me K[

Nrbaemwaxmne Alrmgamek hk daZ

rnzrmxMexkddkgx{kddk

Zaxkex Nllmgk nl xfk Gnnzkraxmne Gn{egmd lnr xfk AraoWxaxkw nl xfk B{dl



51/57

A gn{exr}w zndmg} ne zaraddkd m`znrxmeb à} allkgx a

gn`zae}w kvznrx aeh zrmgmeb wxraxkb}

Zaraddkd m`znrxmeb rkdaxkw xn fkxfkr a zrnh{gx on{bfx o}aenxfkr gn`zae} à} ok mexrnh{gkh mexn a hmllkrkex

gn{exr} &fkrk mxw MZ mw zrnxkgxkh mxfn{x xfk

a{xfnrmyaxmne nl xfk rmbfx fndhkr% Xfmw à}$ lnr kva`zdk$

allkgx a gn`zae}w zrmgmeb wxraxkb} me lnrkmbe arckxw%



52/57

Zrmnr xn da{egfmeb a zrnh{gx {ehkr a bm|ke

xrahkàrc$ mx mw m`znrxaex xn gfkgc fkxfkr xfk

xrahkàrcfaw {ehkwmraodk gneenxaxmnew aeh.nr

fkxfkr ae azzdmgaxmne lnr mxw rkbmwxraxmne aw axrahkàrc à} ok rkikgxkh me xfax gn{exr}%

Kva`zdkw9 Lnrh EN\A$ me Wzaemwf `kaew hnkw

enx bn nr nrc3 ZAIK_N dmxkradd} `kaew wxra

hkadkr



53/57

Xn dmgkewk MZ me a lnrkmbe àrckx$ xfk MZ ekkhw xn ok

lmrwx zrnxkgxkh me xfax àrckx

Gn`zaemkw wkkcmeb xn dmgkewk xfk àe{lagx{rmeb nlxfkmr zrnh{gx me a e{òkr nl àrckxw$ wfn{dh kew{rk

xfax xfkmr MZ mw zrnxkgxkh aeh mw enx me xfk z{odmg

hnàme me xfnwk àrckxw &k%b% zrnxkgxmne faw okke

noxamekh aeh faw enx kvzmrkh



54/57

Oadaegmeb nl mexkrkwx nl |armn{w wxack fndhkrw

_mbfx fndhkrw aeh lamr {wk

Mehmaw brkaxkwx znxkexmad dmkw me mxw gnz}rmbfx

rkdaxkh meh{wxrmkw% Mehma mw xfk darbkwx lmd`zrnh{gmeb eaxmne me

xfk nrdh%

Mx faw bm|ke xfk nrdh xfk darbkwx e{`okr nl

gn`z{xkr wnlxark kebmekkrw aeh mxw `{wmg mwkein}kh add n|kr$ me zarxmg{dar me Wn{xf aeh

Wn{xf Kawx Awma%



55/57

j Mx faw a gnewmhkraodk dk|kd nl zrnh{gxmne aeh

kvznrx nl xkvxmdkw

j Mx faw a znxkexmad xn kvznrx xfk Mexkddkgx{ad

Zrnzkrxmkwj Mx faw a |moraex z{odmwfmeb meh{wxr} mxf

z{odmgaxmnew me n|kr ?< nllmgmad daeb{abkw%

j Add xfkwk meh{wxrmkw gra|k zrnxkgxmne nl xfk

daw% Ml xfkwk daw aeh xfkmr kelnrgk`kex arkwxrkebxfkekh$ mx mw ned} Mehma fmgf mdd

okeklmx%



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57/57

H X o f h A m x Z l l D

IIT, IPR Seminar for Textile Engineers 26th March 2009

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