II.3-Incremental Oil Recovery through ICDs.pdf

GTW Peru 2015

Increasing the Recovery Factor

in Mature Oil & Gas Fields

Increasing the Recovery Factor in Mature Oil & Gas Fields 15-16 October

Incremental Oil Recovery in Heavy

Oilfields through Active Flow Control

Devices

Pedro Zegarra Sanchez / Victor A. Huerta Quiñones

Baker Hughes / PETROPERU S.A

GTW Peru 2015



GTW Peru 2015



OUTLINE

• Introduction

• Background

• Field Performance in Heavy Oilfields

• Inflow Control Devices (ICDs)

• Field Cases

• Conclusions

• Future

GTW Peru 2015



Introduction

• Delaying water encroachment is a key issue to improve recovery in heavy oilfields.

• Technology advances in well completion address both water management and productivity improvement objectives.

• Inflow control devices (ICD´s) with isolation systems are a worldwide proved technology to reduce water production and increase heavy oil recovery, either in green or mature fields.

• The more accurate technology screening, the better field performance.

GTW Peru 2015



GTW Peru 2015



Background: What is Heavy Oil?

50

20

45

40

30

10

0

°API

0,780

0,802

0,825

0,876

0,934

1,000

1,076

Densityg/cm³

Condensate

Light oil

Heavy oil

Extra heavy oil (<10000 mPa.s)

Tar sand/Bitumen (>10000 mPa.s)

Co

nve

ntio

na

lO

il

No

n-co

n-

ve

ntio

na

lO

il

API: American Petroleum InstituteAPI: American Petroleum Institute

ºAPI is a measure of the oil density!

~11.3ºAPI

API Viscosity

GTW Peru 2015



Background: What is Heavy Oil?

GTW Peru 2015



Background: Recovery Factor by Drive Mechanism and Type of Fluid

Type of Oil Density (gr/cc) API Primary (% of oil in situ) Secondary (% of oil in situ)

Extra Heavy > 1.0 8 – 10 1 - 5 -

Heavy 1.0 – 0.92 10.0 – 22.3 1 - 10 5 - 10

Midium 0.92 – 0.87 22.3 – 31.1 5 – 30 5 - 15

Light 0.87 – 0.83 31.1 - 39 10 - 40 10 - 25

Superlight < 0.83 > 39 10 - 45 15 - 30

Subandean Basin

Subandean Basin

GTW Peru 2015



Edgewater Drive Bottomwater Drive

Conning Well Production with Water Coning

1998 99 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

100

101

102

103

104

105

Date

CORR-1002D

Oil Rate (Cal.Day) ( bbl/d )

Water Rate (Cal. Day) ( bbl/d )

Oil Cut ( % )

Cumulative Oil Production ( Mbbl )

PRD.DAYS ( days )

Liquid Rate (Cal. Day) ( bbl/d )

CORR-1002D

Field Performance in Heavy Oilfields Water Drive Mechanisms

GTW Peru 2015



Horizontal wells allows delaying water encroachment while increasing oil production and

recovery

Field Performance in Heavy Oilfields Why Horizontal Wells??

GTW Peru 2015



Field Optimization is a process by which the right technology matches with the

reservoir description

Depositional

Environment Phase Behavior Drive

Mechanism

Field

Optimization

Innovation &

Technology

Petrophysics

Field Performance in Heavy Oilfields Heavy Oilfields Optimization

GTW Peru 2015



Inflow Control Devices (ICDs)

Slotted/pre-drilled liner

Standalone Screens

ICD AICD

ICDs and AICDs balance inflow which delays water/gas breakthrough

GTW Peru 2015



Inflow Control Devices (ICDs)

• Obtain a uniform inflow profile along the well, restricting the flow in areas of high

mobility.

• Simultaneously stimulate production areas of low to moderate productivity by

slowing water breakthrough.

• Adjust dynamic pressure profile along the entire section of the well (by controlling

pressure drop).

ICD/ Multinode

Analytical Model

Laboratory Tests

– Geometry

– Fluids Properties

2qbqadP fp

g

dm

P4

L

Q, P1

wc

h

FLOW PATH

CROSS-SECTION

HELICAL FLOW PATH

KoutK

in

Pressure

taps

P2

P3

Regression AnalysisRegression Analysis

Can vary the number, width, and length of channels to

achieve the desired pressure drop

Analytical Model

Laboratory Tests

– Geometry

– Fluids Properties

2qbqadP fp

g

dm

P4

L

Q, P1

wc

h

FLOW PATH

CROSS-SECTION

HELICAL FLOW PATH

KoutK

in

Pressure

taps

P2

P3

Regression AnalysisRegression Analysis

Can vary the number, width, and length of channels to

achieve the desired pressure drop

GTW Peru 2015



Inflow Control Devices (ICD)

Helical Type: Large flow area, low velocity,

viscosity sensitive

Tube Type: Small flow area, high velocity,

viscosity sensitive

Labyrinth Type: Small flow area, low

velocity, viscosity sensitive

Nozzle/Orifice Type: Small flow area, high

velocity, viscosity insensitive

Hybrid Type: Very Large flow area, low

velocity, highly viscosity insensitive

Screen or

Debris

Barrier

Passive Inflow Control Device (PICD): Fluid flow is regulated

by the additional pressure drop through the ICD

Helical Type: Large flow area, low velocity,

viscosity sensitive

Tube Type: Small flow area, high velocity,

viscosity sensitive

Labyrinth Type: Small flow area, low

velocity, viscosity sensitive

Nozzle/Orifice Type: Small flow area, high

velocity, viscosity insensitive

Hybrid Type: Very Large flow area, low

velocity, highly viscosity insensitive

Screen or

Debris

Barrier

Passive Inflow Control Device (PICD): Fluid flow is regulated

by the additional pressure drop through the ICD

GTW Peru 2015



Inflow Control Devices (ICD) Flow Path

GTW Peru 2015



Horizontal Well Completion Heel Conning

Oil Bypassed Fluid Equalizer Technology

Inflow Control Devices (ICD) Horizontal Well Productive Performance

GTW Peru 2015



Field Cases – Subandean Basin

Open Hole Log and Layer Selection

Reservoir Model

GTW Peru 2015



History Matching and Forecast Oil & Water Production


GTW Peru 2015



Scenario

• Case 1: Screen vs Equalizers results under original completion

There is little benefit in production performance if equalizers are

not used with swelling packers that provides zones isolation.


GTW Peru 2015



• Case 2: Isolating Heel and Comparing Screen 5 ½” Vs Equalizer 3 ½”


GTW Peru 2015




G Field

G main features

• Production since 1996

• Mature heavy oil – 16.6°API,

60cP

• High permeability sandstone

• Very active aquifer support

• Expected high water cuts >90%

• Delicate environment –

Amazonic jungle

• Produced water is treated then

re-injected

GTW Peru 2015




4 zonal isolation packers

creating 5 zones

ZoneQuantity of AICD Joints

1 3

2 4

3 4

4 5

5 4

Completion Design

GTW Peru 2015




Days on Production

Water

Cut %

Neighbor SAS

AICD Completion

Reduced

Water Cut

0 40 80 120

100

80

60

40

20

0

Swellable

packers

activate

1800

1500

1200

900

600

300

0

0 40 80 120

Days on Production

Oil

Flow

BBD

Neighbor SAS

Completion

AICD Completion

Increased

Oil Flow

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

1

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

91

10

1

11

1

12

1

13

1

14

1

15

1

16

1

17

1

18

1

19

1

20

1

21

1

22

1

23

1

24

1

25

1

26

1

27

1

28

1

29

1

30

1

BOPD

Base Case (Real) Case 1 Case 2

AICD Completion

SAS Case 1

SAS Case 2

Caso ICD Stand Alone Screen (SAS 2)

Incremento

Reducción Petróleo (MBbl) 156 135 21 Agua (Mbbl) 862 1310 -448 Corte de Agua (%) 84.68 90.65 -6.48

GTW Peru 2015




YA Field

main features

Formación Vivian

Tope 10500 pies Base 10700 pies

Presión del reservorio: 4200 psia Temperatura: 244° F

Porosidad 15-22 % Permeabilidad horizontal Kh 200-1500 mD

Anisotropía Kv/Kh 0.15

Gravedad API: 19°

Factor de Volumen de Formación:

1.05 bl/stb @ pb

Viscosidad del petróleo: 7 cp

Gravedad del Gas: 0.7 s.grav.

Gravedad del agua: 1.01 s.grav.

GOR: 124scf/STB @ Pb=883 psi

GTW Peru 2015




Completion Design

Capa Tope Espesor Porosidad Permeabilidad

1 10656.038 5.6 18 1250

2 10661.638 5.2 18 1250

3 10666.838 3.6 15 500

4 10670.438 5.2 21 1500

5 10675.638 3.6 16 500

6 10679.238 5.9 19 1200

7 10685.138 6.9 19 1500

8 10692.038 4.6 12 1200

9 10696.638 4.6 18 1300

10 10701.238 3.9 15 500

11 10705.138 12.1 18 1200

12 10717.238 4.3 10 200

13 10721.538 19.7 18 1500

Segmento Descripción Tamaño Tipo

1 10 packer

2 14 junta 6.4 FRR 560 Ecualizador

3 10 packer


5 10 packer


7 10 packer

8 4junta 6.4 FRR 160 Ecualizador

9 10 packer


11 10 packer


13 20 packer

GTW Peru 2015




Caso ICD Convencional Incremento

Reducción Petróleo (MMBbl) 1.441 1.306 0.135 Agua (MMbbl) 2.136 2.513 -0.377 Corte de Agua (%) 83.8 84.6 -0.8

GTW Peru 2015



The Future: MultiNode

• Combat water and gas breakthrough

• High zonal resolution of active flow control

• Real-time integrated monitoring and control

• Proactive production optimization

• Fully Electric Control Technology

• Maximum resolution for Zonal Control.

• Integration with monitoring and control systems

SureFlo

Venturi

GTW Peru 2015



Conclusions

Flow pattern is not homogeneous along the entire borehole of a horizontal well;

without selective completion, eventually, flow will be restrictive to the “heel” section.

ICD’s delay water/gas breakthrough, increasing ultimate recovery factor and NPV.

Coupling reservoir and completion modeling is critical during technology screening and

design.

Successful applications of ICDs in Colombia and Ecuador proved 10% to 30% increase in

cumulative oil production, and 10% to 50% decrease in water production.

Preliminary numerical simulation studies for mature heavy oilfields in Peru shows 10%

increase in cumulative oil production and 15% decrease in water production during the

first two years.

New generation of ICDs + Real time monitoring show us the potential benefits towards

optimizing oil production, reducing water production and increasing oil recovery.

GTW Peru 2015



GTW Peru 2015



THANKS

QUESTIONS?

II.3-Incremental Oil Recovery through ICDs.pdf

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