IHMA KERALA RENAISSANCE Compiled by Dr Sajeev.V Page 1 History of Kerala –Renaissance Period Compiled by Dr Sajeev.V Medical Officer, Palakkad Kerala has undergone sweeping changes in every field of life- social, cultural, political economic, scientifical ,educational etc after 1850’s. So we are concentrating mainly from 1850 Chronology 1575- First press in kerala at Kochi by Portuguese 1772- first book in Malayalam script was printed at Rome- ‘’sampkshepa vedaartham’’ 1809-‘Kundara proclamation’ by Veluthampi Dalawa 1811- First Malayalam book printed in India- ‘’puthiya niyamam’’ from Bombay 1812-First press in Kerala which printed Malayalam- CMS press at Kottayam 1834- Govt press in Trivandrum by Swathi thirunal 1847-‘Rajya samaacharam-’fir st newspaper in malayalam from Thalassery basil mission 1817-Benjamin bailey started school at kottaym later converted to CMS College 1834-Swathi thirunal started English school later converted to University college in thiruvananthapuram 1867- text book committee under Aayilyam thirunaal of Travancore chaired by Annaji Raayar first and after his death keral varma valiy koyi thampuran for qualitative improvement in carriclum of schools 1888- Aruvippuram ‘Siva Idol ‘consecration by Narayan Guru - First legislative Assembly 1891-Malayali memorial 1896-Ezhava memorial 1903-Formation of SNDP Yogam 1905- ‘Swadeshabhimani’ newspaper was started BY Vakkom Abdul Khader 1907-Formation of ‘Saadhu Jana Paripalana yogam’ by Ayyankaali
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IHMA KERALA RENAISSANCE
Compiled by Dr Sajeev.V Page 1
History of Kerala –Renaissance Period
Compiled by Dr Sajeev.V
Medical Officer, Palakkad
Kerala has undergone sweeping changes in every field of life- social, cultural, political
economic, scientifical ,educational etc after 1850’s. So we are concentrating mainly from 1850
Chronology
1575- First press in kerala at Kochi by Portuguese
1772-first book in Malayalam script was printed at Rome-
‘’sampkshepa vedaartham’’
1809-‘Kundara proclamation’ by Veluthampi Dalawa
1811- First Malayalam book printed in India-‘’puthiya niyamam’’ from Bombay
1812-First press in Kerala which printed Malayalam- CMS press at Kottayam
1834- Govt press in Trivandrum by Swathi thirunal
1847-‘Rajya samaacharam-’first newspaper in malayalam from Thalassery basil mission
1817-Benjamin bailey started school at kottaym later converted to CMS College
1834-Swathi thirunal started English school later converted to University college in
thiruvananthapuram
1867- text book committee under Aayilyam thirunaal of Travancore chaired by
Annaji Raayar first and after his death keral varma valiy koyi thampuran for qualitative
improvement in carriclum of schools
1888-Aruvippuram ‘Siva Idol ‘consecration by Narayan Guru
- First legislative Assembly
1891-Malayali memorial
1896-Ezhava memorial
1903-Formation of SNDP Yogam
1905-‘Swadeshabhimani’ newspaper was started BY Vakkom Abdul Khader
1907-Formation of ‘Saadhu Jana Paripalana yogam’ by Ayyankaali
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1910- Swadeshabhimani Ramakrishna pillai was send on exile
1914-Bhasha parishkarana committee
Chaired by Ulloor S Parameswara Iyer & T.K Krishnamenon
1915-Formation of NSS(Nair service Society )by Mannathu Padmanabhan
1920- Gandhiji visited kerala for the first time
1921- Malabar Rebellion
-Wagon tragedy
- First All Kerala Congress Meeting at Ottappalam in palakkad
1924-Vaikom Sathyagraha
1925- Gandhiji-Sree Narayana Guru Meeting
1931-32-Guruvayur sathyagraha
1932-Nivarthana Prakshobhanam
1936-Nov12-Temple Entry Proclamation in Travancore by Chithira thirunaal Balarama varma
- Electicity agitation in Thrissur against privatization
1937-Travancore University established (now Kerala University)
1938- Travancore state Congress was formed
-Raajadhani march lead by Akkamma Cheriyan
- Inauguration of High court of Kochi
1939- Formation of Communist party
1941-Kayyoor Riot
1946-Punnapra-Vayalar agitation
1947-48- Paaliyam sathyagraha
1949- Unification of Princely states of Travancore & Kochi
1956- Nov 1-State of Kerala was formed
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EVENTS,MOVEMENTS & ORGANISATONS
Attingal rebellion-1721
-First organized rebellion in India against the British rule
-Occurred in anchuthengu near attingal (now in Thiruvananthapuram district).
-Tussle between British merchants and native mechants.
-Anchuthengu fort was kept under siege for six months by the rebels .
-In 1722 a pact was signed between Attingal Rani and British.
Kurichya Rebellion -1812
- It was farmers rebellion against the British. It was an after effect of pazhassi rebellion that
happened earlier.
-Kurichyas was a sect in adivasis of Malabar.They and their leader Tahalakkal chandu supported
pazhassi .
-British oppressed them with taxing out huge revenue from the poor farmers.
-Farmers protested violently ,but the rebellion was completely suppressed by the British.
Channar rebellion(melmundu samaram)-1859
- It happened in Travancore in which Channar(a lower caste according to Hindu caste system)
ladies protested to wear blouse which was not allowed at that time.
-On july 26th 1859 uthram thirunal made a proclamation by which all ladies irrespective of caste
were allowed to wear blouse
Malayali memorial-1891
-A mass petition filed to Sree Moolam thirunal of Travancore which sought for appointment of
malayalees in higher offfial posts.
-Leaders were C.V Raman pillai,K.P Sankara Menon,K.P.Padmanabha menon,G.P.Pillai etc
Ezhava Memorial-1896
-A mass petition filed to Sree moolam thirunal under the leadership of Dr Palpu ,who was a
medical graduate .
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-Appointment of lower caste people in government posts was the main point in the petition.
-It was rejected by the diwan and other authorities.
-Again in 1900 they gave a mass petition to Lord Curzon,Viceroy ,when he came to Travancore.
But nothing fructified.
Malabar Rebellion-1921
- Khilafat movement ,which was a pan- islamist movement against the British got roots in
Malabar also.
-Rebellion started gainst the British and also the native land lords.
-It mainly happened in eranad & valluvanad taluks of Malabar.
-Variyan kunnath kunjahammed haji,seethikoya,aali musaliyar are the prominent leaders
-Death toll was heavy on both sides.
-Rebellion was brutally suppressed ,about 10,000 people lost their lives.
Wagon Tragedy-1921 ,Nov-10
- Part of Malabar rebellion
-Arrested rebels were transported from Tirur Railway station to Bellary jail in a goods train
named M.S.L.V 1711.
-More than ninety people were transported in a single wagon.It was thickly congested so they
could not even breath.
-64 people was found dead when the wagon reached podanoor near Coimbatore and 8 more died
in hospital.
-Wagon with dead bodies was returned back to Tirur. Wagon Tragedy memorial town hall is
now at Tirur ,Malappuram District.
-It was one of the most gruesome incidents during the freedom struggle.
Vaikom Satyagraha (1924–25)
-It was in Travancore, against untouchability in Hindu society. The movement was centered at
the Shiva temple at Vaikom, near Kottayam.
-The Satyagraha aimed at securing freedom of movement for all sections of society through the
public roads leading to the Sri Mahadevar Temple at Vaikom.