IGCC Environmental Profiles...4 Air Emissions •Unique emission points depend on technology provider – Flare – Sulfur Recovery Unit tail gas incinerator – Sulfuric Acid Plant

IGCC Environmental Profiles

Steve Jenkins

CH2M HILL

McIlvaine “Hot Topic Hour on IGCC”

June 4, 2008

2

Environmental Permitting for IGCC Plants

• Based on experience with permitting 10 IGCC plants and 2 coal gasification plants

• Developed industry’s first “IGCC Permitting Guidelines Manual”

– EPRI CoalFleet members have access to this manual

• Detailed database of emissions data for IGCC and gasification plants

®

3

Comparison of Air Emission Controls

Syngas flows through

carbon bed

Wet scrubber, high

temperature cyclone,

ceramic filter

Syngas moisturization and

diluent (N2 and steam); SCR

option

Acid gas removal system

removes >99% H2S

from syngas

IGCCIGCC

Inject activated

carbon into flue gas

ESP or baghouse

Low-NOx burners and SCR

FGD system PCPC

MercuryMercuryPMPMNOxNOxSOSO22

4

Air Emissions

• Unique emission points depend on technology provider

– Flare

– Sulfur Recovery Unit tail gas incinerator

– Sulfuric Acid Plant stack

– Tank vent incinerators

– ASU cooling tower

• Start-up and shutdown emissions can be significant

5

NOx Emission Limit Comparison Gasifier Heat Input Basis

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

0.11

NOx

Orlando Gasification

AEP - Mountaineer

Duke Energy IndianaEdwardsport

Excelsior - Mesaba

TECO - Polk #6

Tenaska - TaylorvilleEnergy Center

ERORA - Cash CreekGeneration

Energy Northwest - PacificMountain Energy Center

Lb

/MM

Btu

SCR SCRSCR SCRSCR

Note: some of these projects have been cancelled

6

SO2 Emission Limit Comparison Gasifier Heat Input Basis

0

0.005

0.01

0.015

0.02

0.025

0.03

0.035

SO2

Orlando Gasification

AEP - Mountaineer

Duke Energy IndianaEdwardsport

Excelsior Energy - Mesaba

TECO - Polk #6

Taylorville Energy Center

Cash Creek Generation

Energy Northwest - PacificMountain Energy Center

Lb

/MM

Btu

Note: some of these projects have been cancelled

7

Mercury Removal

• Pre-sulfided activated carbon beds

• Forms a mercury-sulfur complex

• >94% removal of vapor-phase mercury at Eastman Chemical

• Spent carbon disposed of in drums

• Proposed IGCC plants plan to use this technology

Source: Eastman Chemical

8

Comparison of Water Use

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

SCPC

IGCC

% C

om

pa

red

to

S

CP

C

Source: DOE

30% less

9

Liquid Discharges

• IGCC designed for substantial re-use and recycling of process water

• Similar needs as with NGCC and PC

– Cooling tower blowdown

– Water treatment wastes

– Storm water

– Coal pile runoff

10

• Ash is removed in molten form, then quench-cooled to form glassy, inert, saleable slag

– Used for making

• Cement

• Asphalt filler

• Roofing shingles

• Sand-blasting grit

• Sulfur

• Sulfuric acid

Byproducts

11

Contact Info

Steve Jenkins

CH2M HILL

Tampa, FL

813-874-6522, ext. 4141

[email protected]