IGC New 2011 Syllabus

IGC Syllabus 18Mar2011 V7.doc Page 1 of 32

Proposed Revised Syllabus for the NEBOSH International GeneralCertificate

The syllabus is divided into two units. The units are further divided into a number of elements.

Unit IGC1 Management of international health and safety

Element Recommended PageHours

Number/Title

1. Foundations in health and safety 6 172. Health and safety management systems 1 - Policy 4 193. Health and safety management systems 2 - Organising 6 214. Health and safety management systems 3 - Planning 11 245. Health and safety management systems 4 - Measuring,

audit and review 9 28

Minimum total tuition time for Unit IGC1 36Recommended private study time 23

Unit IGC2 Control of international workplace risks

Element Recommended PageHours

Number/Title

1. Workplace hazards and risk control 8 302 Transport hazards and risk control 4 323. Musculoskeletal hazards and risk control 6 344. Work equipment hazards and risk control 6 365. Electrical safety 3 386. Fire safety 6 397. Chemical and biological health hazards 6 41

and risk control8. Physical and psychological health 3 44

hazards and risk control



Minimum total tuition time 80

Recommended private study time 53


4.1 Unit IGC1: Management of international health and safety

4.1.1 Element 1: Foundations in health and safety

Learning outcomes

On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able to:

1.1 Outline the scope and nature of occupational health and safety1.2 Explain the moral, social and economic reasons for maintaining and promoting good

standards of health and safety in the workplace1.3 Explain the role of national governments and international bodies in formulating a

framework for the regulation of health and safety.

Content

1.1 The scope and nature of occupational health and safetyThe multi-disciplinary nature of health and safety; the barriers to good standards of health and safety (complexity, competing and conflicting demands, behavioural issues)Meanings and distinctions between:- health, safety, welfare and environmental protection.

1.2 The moral, social and economic reasons for maintaining and promoting good standards of health and safety in the workplace

The size of the health and safety ‘problem’ in terms of the numbers of work- related fatalities and injuries and incidence of ill-healthSocietal expectations of good standards of health and safetyThe need to provide a safe place of work, safe plant and equipment, safe systems of work, training and supervision, and competent workersThe business case for health and safety: costs of insured and uninsured accidents and ill-health; employers’ liability insurance.

1.3 The role of national governments and international bodies in formulating a framework for the regulation of health and safety

Employers’ responsibilitiesWorkers’ responsibilities and rightsThe role of enforcement agencies and the consequences of non-compliance International standards and conventions (eg, International Standards Organisation (ISO) and the International Labour Organisation - ILO)Sources of information on National Standards.


Sources of reference

Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems (ILO-OSH 2001) can be downloaded free from ILO web site. h tt p : / / www . il o.o r g / s a f e w o r k / n o rm a t i v e/codes/l a ng --

en/doc Name--WCMS_107727/index.htm

ILOLEX (ILO database of International Law) h t t p : / / ww w . il o.o r g / il o l e x / i n d e x . htm

Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS 18000): Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems OHSAS 18001:2007 ISBN978 0 580 50802 8, OHSAS

18002:2008 ISBN: 978 0 580 61674 7

Occupational Safety and Health Convention (C155), ILO h tt p : / / w w w .i l o.o r g/i l o l e x / c g i - l e x / co n v d e . p l ? C 1 5 5

Occupational Safety and Health Recommendation (R164), ILO h tt p : / / www . il o.o r g / il o l e x / c gi - l e x / co n v d e . p l ? R 1 6 4

Recommended tuition time not less than 6 hours

http://www.ilo.org/safework/normative/codes/lang--

http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/convde.pl?R164


http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/convde.pl?C155


http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/index.htm


4.1.2 Element 2: Health and safety management systems 1 - Policy

Learning outcomes


2.1 Outline the key elements of a health and safety management system2.2 Explain the purpose and importance of setting policy for health and safety2.3 Describe the key features and appropriate content of an effective health and safety

policy.

Content

2.1 The key elements of a health and safety management systemSetting policyOrganisingPlanning and implementingEvaluation (monitoring, review, measurement, investigation) AuditingAction for improvement (preventative and corrective action; continual improvement).

2.2 The purpose and importance of setting policy for health and safetyThe role of the health and safety policy in decision-making; the needs of different organisations.

2.3 The key features and appropriate content of an effective health and safety policy

Stating the overall aims of the organisation in terms of health and safety performance:- general statement of intent; setting overall objectives and quantifiable targets;

basic concept of benchmarking; signatory to statementDefining the health and safety roles and responsibilities of individuals within the organisation:- organising for health and safety: allocation of responsibilities; lines of

communication; feedback loops; the role of the line managers in influencingthe health and safety policy and monitoring effectiveness

Specifying the arrangements for achieving general and specific aims:- health and safety arrangements: the importance of specifying the

organisation’s arrangements for planning and organising, controlling hazards, consultation, communication and monitoring compliance with, and assessing the effectiveness of, the arrangements to implement the health and safety policy

The circumstances that may lead to a need to review the health and safety policy (eg, passage of time, technological, organisational or legal changes, results and monitoring)Standards and guidance relating to health and safety policy.



Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems (ILO-OSH 2001) ISBN-0-580-37805-5

Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS 18000): OccupationalHealth and Safety

Management Systems OHSAS 18001:2007 ISBN-0- 580-50802-8, OHSAS 18002:2008ISBN 9780-580-61674-7



4.1.3 Element 3: Health and safety management systems 2 - Organising

Learning outcomes


3.1 Outline the health and safety roles and responsibilities of employers, managers, supervisors, workers and other relevant parties

3.2 Explain the concept of health and safety culture and its significance in the management of health and safety in an organisation

3.3 Outline the human factors which influence behaviour at work in a way that can affecthealth and safety

3.4 Explain how health and safety behaviour at work can be improved3.5 Outline the need for emergency procedures and the arrangements for contacting

emergency services3.6 Outline the requirements for, and effective provision of, first aid in the workplace.

Content

3.1 Organisational health and safety roles and responsibilities of employers, directors, managers, workers and other relevant parties

Organisational roles of directors/managersTop management demonstrating commitment by:- ensuring availability of resources so the occupational health and safety

management system is established, implemented and maintained- defining roles and responsibilities- appointing member of senior management with specific responsibility for

health and safety- appointing one or more competent persons and adequate resources to

provide assistance in meeting the organisation’s health and safety obligations- role in reviewing performanceThe roles and responsibilities of:- middle managers and supervisors for the health and safety of subordinates- persons with primary health and safety functions- workers for the health and safety of themselves and others who may

be affected by their acts or omissions- persons in control of premises for the health and safety of those 'who are not

their employees' using the premises as a place of work and for those using plant or substances provided

- the self-employed for the health and safety of themselves and others The supply chain and the general duties of suppliers, manufacturers and

designers of articles and substances for use at work in relation to the health and safety of their products and the provision of information

The relationship between client and contractor and the duties each has to the other and to the other’s workers; effective planning and co-ordination of contracted work; procedures for the selection of contractors

Shared responsibilities in the case of joint occupation of premises: co-operation and co-ordination.


3.2 Concept of health and safety culture and its significance in the management of health and safety in an organisation

Meaning and extent of the term ‘health and safety culture’Relationship between health and safety culture and health and safety performance

Indicators which could be used to assess the effectiveness of an organisation’shealth and safety culture:- tangible outputs or indicators of an organisation’s health and safety culture

(eg accidents, absenteeism, sickness rates, staff turnover, level of compliance with health and safety rules and procedures, complaints about working conditions)

Influence of peers.

3.3 Human factors which influence behaviour at workOrganisational factors:- eg culture, leadership, resources, work patterns, communicationsJob factors:- eg task, workload, environment, display and controls, proceduresIndividual factors:- eg competence, skills, personality, attitude and risk perceptionLink between individual, job and organisational factors.

3.4 How health and safety behaviour at work can be improvedSecuring commitment of managementPromoting health and safety standards by leadership and example and appropriate use of disciplinary proceduresCompetent personnel with relevant knowledge, skills and work experienceEffective communication within the organisation:- merits and limitations of different methods of communication (verbal, written

and graphic)- use and effectiveness of notice boards and health and safety media such as

films, videos, posters, toolbox talks, memos, worker handbooks- co-operation and consultation with the workforce (roles and benefits of worker

participation, safety committees and worker feedback)Training:- the effect of training on human reliability- opportunities and need for training provision (induction and key health and

safety topics to be covered, job change, process change, introduction of newlegislation, introduction of new technology).

3.5 Emergency procedures and the arrangements for contacting emergency services

Importance of developing emergency proceduresArrangements for contacting emergency and rescue services.

3.6 Requirements for, and effective provision of, first-aid in the workplaceFirst-aid requirementsRole, training and number of first-aidersRequirements for first-aid boxesCoverage in relation to shift work and geographical location.


Sources of referenceGuidelines on Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems (ILO-OSH 2001) ISBN 0-580-37805-5

Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS18000): OccupationalHealth and Safety Management Systems OHSAS 18001:2007 (ISBN 978 0 580 508028), OHSAS 18002:2008 ISBN: 978 0 580 61674 7

Occupational Safety and Health Convention (C155) 2003, ILO h ttp : // w w w .il o.o r g/i l o l e x / c g i - l e x / co n v d e . p l ? C 1 5 5

Occupational Safety and Health Recommendation (R164) 2006, ILOht t p : / / ww w . il o.o r g / i lo l e x / c g i - l e x / co n v d e . p l ? R 1 6 4

First-Aid at Work (ACOP) (L74), HSE Books ISBN 978 0 7176 1050 1

Reducing Error and Influencing Behaviour (HSG48), HSE Books ISBN 978-0-7176-2452-2



http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-


4.1.4 Element 4: Health and safety management systems 3 - Planning

Learning outcomes


4.1 Explain the importance of planning in the context of health and safety management systems

4.2 Explain the principles and practice of risk assessment4.3 Explain the general principles of control and a basic hierarchy of risk reduction

measures4.4 Identify the key sources of health and safety information4.5 Explain what factors should be considered when developing and implementing a safe

system of work for general activities4.6 Explain the role and function of a permit-to-work system.

Content

4.1 Importance of planningSystem to establish, implement and maintain occupational health and safety requirementsSetting health and safety objectives including consideration of:- who is going to set objectives- documenting and setting each functional level- legal and other requirements- hazards and risks- technological options- financial, operational, and business requirements- views of interested parties- specific, measurable, achievable, reasonable, timebound (SMART) objectivesIdentifying and keeping up-to-date with legal requirements.

4.2 Principles and practice of risk assessmentWith reference to legal requirements (Element 1) Meaning of hazard, risk and risk assessment:- hazard: ‘something with the potential to cause harm (this can include articles,

substances, plant or machines, methods of work, the working environment and other aspects of work organisation)’

- risk: ‘the likelihood of potential harm from that hazard being realised’- risk assessment: ‘identifying preventive and protective measures by

evaluating the risk(s) arising from a hazard(s), taking into account the adequacy of any existing controls, and deciding whether or not the risk(s) isacceptable’

Objectives of risk assessment; prevention of workplace accidentsDistinction between different types of incident: ill-health, injury accident, dangerous occurrence, near-miss, damage-only; typical ratios of incident outcomes and their relevance in terms of the proportion of non-injury events; utility and limitations of accident ratios in accident prevention (Bird’s Triangle)


Risk assessors:- composition of risk assessment team- competenceCriteria for a ‘suitable and sufficient’ risk assessmentIdentification of hazards- sources and form of harm; task analysis, legislation, manufacturers’

information, incident data Identifying population at risk:

- workers, operators, maintenance staff, cleaners, contractors, visitors, public, etc

Evaluating risk and adequacy of current controls:- likelihood of harm and probable severity- risk rating / prioritisation- residual risk; acceptable / tolerable risk levels- use of guidance; sources and examples of legislation- principles of prevention hierarchy; application based on prioritisation of risk- applying controls to specified hazards- distinction between priorities and timescalesRecording significant findings:- format; information to be recordedReviewing: reasons for review (eg incidents, process/equipment/staff/legislative changes; passage of time)Special case applications to young persons, expectant and nursing mothers;disabled workers and lone workers.

4.3 General principles of control and a basic hierarchy of risk reduction measuresGeneral principles of prevention:- avoiding risks- evaluating unavoidable risks- combating risks at source- adapting work to the individual- adapting to technical progress- replacing the dangerous with the non-dangerous/less dangerous- developing an overall coherent prevention policy- giving priority to collective protective measures over individual protective

measures- giving appropriate instructions to workersGeneral hierarchy of control:- elimination- substitution- engineering controls- signage/warnings and/or administrative controls- personal protective equipment.

4.4 Sources of health and safety information Internal to the organisation (eg, accident/ill health/absence records, inspection,

audit and investigation reports, maintenance records) External to the organisation (eg, manufacturers’ data, legislation, EU (European

Union) / HSE (Health and Safety Executive) publications, trade associations;International, European and British Standards, ILO (International Labour Organisation) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (USA), Worksafe (Western Australia) and other authoritative texts, IT sources).


4.5 Factors that should be considered when developing and implementing a safe system of work for general work activities

Employer’s responsibility to provide safe systems of workRole of competent persons in the development of safe systems Importance of worker involvement in the development of safe systems Importance and relevance of written proceduresThe distinction between technical, procedural and behavioural controlsDevelopment of a safe system of workAnalysing tasks, identifying hazards and assessing risks Introducing controls and formulating procedures Instruction and training in the operation of the system Monitoring the systemDefinition of and specific examples of confined spaces and lone working and working and travelling abroad in relation to safe systems of work.

4.6 Role and function of a permit-to-work systemMeaning of permit-to-work systemRole and function in controlling a permit-to-workOperation and application of a permit-to-work systemCircumstances in which a permit-to-work system may be appropriate, with reference to: hot work, work on electrical systems, machinery maintenance, confined spaces, work at height.

Sources of referenceGuidelines on Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems (ILO-OSH 2001) ISBN-0-580-37805-5

Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS 18000): Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems OHSAS 18001:2007 (ISBN-0-580-50802-8), OHSAS 18002:2008 (ISBN 9780-580-61674-7)

Five Steps to Risk Assessment (INDG163), HSE Books ISBN 978 0 7176 6189 3.

ht t p : / / ww w . hs e . g o v . u k /r i s k / cas e s t u di es/i n d e x . h t m


ISO 7010:2003, Graphical symbols – Safety colours and safety signs used in workplaces and public areas

Safe Work in Confined Spaces (ACOP) (L101), HSE Books ISBN 978 0 7176 1405 9

Permit-to-Work Systems (INDG98), HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-1331-3

Safety in the Global Village, IOSH Information Sheet, 1999;htt p: // www. iosh. co.uk / index. cfm ?g o=t echnical.g uidance


http://www.iosh.co.uk/index.cfm?go=technical.guidance

http://www.hse.gov.uk/risk/casestudies/index.htm


4.1.5 Element 5: Health and safety management systems 4 - Measuring, audit and review

Learning outcomes


5.1 Outline the principles, purpose and role of active and reactive monitoring5.2 Explain the purpose of, and procedures, for health and safety auditing5.3 Explain the purpose of, and procedures for, investigating incidents (accidents, cases

of work-related ill-health and other occurrences)5.4 Describe the legal and organisational requirements for recording and reporting

incidents5.5 Explain the purpose of, and procedures for, regular reviews of health and safety

performance.

Content

5.1 Active and reactive monitoringActive monitoring procedures including the monitoring of performance standards and the systematic inspection of plant and premisesRole of safety inspections, sampling, surveys and tours and their roles within a monitoring regimeFactors governing frequency and type of inspection; competence and objectivity of inspector; use of checklists; allocation of responsibilities and priorities for actionEffective report writing: style, structure, content, emphasis, persuasiveness, etc Reactive monitoring measures including data on incidents, dangerous occurrences, near misses, ill-health, complaints by workforce and enforcement action.

5.2 Health and safety auditingMeaning of the term ‘health and safety audit’Scope and purpose of auditing health and safety management systems;distinction between audits and inspectionsPre-audit preparations, information gathering, notifications and interviews, selection of staff, competence of auditors, time, resourcesResponsibility for auditsAdvantages and disadvantages of external and internal auditsActions taken following audit (eg, correcting nonconformities).


5.3 Investigating incidentsRole and function of incident investigation as a reactive monitoring measure Different types of incident: by outcome; injury; ill-health; dangerous occurrence; near miss; damage onlyBasic incident investigation proceduresInterviews, plans, photographs, relevant records, checklistsImmediate causes (unsafe acts and conditions) and root causes (management systems failures)

Remedial actions.

5.4 Recording and reporting incidentsInternal systems for collecting, analysing and communicating dataOrganisational requirements for recording and reporting incidentsReporting of events to external agencies. Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences that might be reportable to external agenciesLessons learnt.

5.5 Review of health and safety performancePurpose of reviewing health and safety performanceWho should take part in reviewReview at planned intervalsAssessing opportunities for improvement and the need for changeReview to consider:- evaluations of compliance with applicable legal and organisational

requirements- accident and incident data, corrective and preventive actions- inspections, surveys, tours and sampling- absences and sickness- quality assurance reports- audits- monitoring data/records/reports- external communications and complaints- results of participation and consultation- objectives met- actions from previous management reviews- legal/good practice developmentsMaintenance of records of management reviewReporting on health and safety performanceFeeding into action and development plans as part of continuous improvementRole of Boards, Chief Executive/Managing Director and Senior Managers.



Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems (ILO-OSH 2001) ISBN 0-580-37805-5

Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS 1800): occupationalHealth and safety Management Systems OHSAS 18001:2007 ISBN 978 0 580 508028, OHSAS 18002:2008 ISBN 9780 580 61674 7

Successful Health and Safety Management (HSG65), HSE Books 1997 ISBN 978 07176 1276 5.

Recording and Notification of Occupational accidents and Diseases, ILO Code ofPractice, Geneva, 1996 ISBN 92-2-109451-0

Investigating Incidents and Accidents at Work HSG245 HSE Books 2004 ISBN 978 07176 2827 8.

Incident at Work Misc769 HSE Web 2007; www. hse.g ov. co.uk


http://www.hse.gov.co.uk/


4.2 Unit IGC2: Control of internationalWorkplace hazards

4.2.1 Element 1: Workplace hazards and risk control

Learning outcomes


1.1 Outline common health, welfare and work environment requirements in the workplace

1.2 Explain the risk factors and appropriate controls for violence at work1.3 Explain the effects of substance misuse on health and safety at work and

control measures to reduce such risks1.4 Explain the hazards and control measures for the safe movement of people in

the workplace1.5 Outline the hazards and control measure for safe construction and demolition

work1.6 Explain the hazards and control measures for safe working at height1.7 Explain the hazards of, and control measures for, excavations.

Content

1.1 Health, welfare and work environment requirementsHealth and welfare provisions:- supply of drinking water, washing facilities, sanitary conveniences,

accommodation for clothing, rest and eating facilities, seating,ventilation, heating and lighting

The effects of exposure to extremes of temperature; preventive measures.

1.2 Violence at workRisk factors relating to violence at work (both between workers and third parties)Control measures to reduce risks from violence at work.

1.3 Substance misuse at workRisks to health and safety from alcohol and drugs at workControl measures to reduce risks from misuse of alcohol and drugs at work.

1.4 Movement of people Hazards to pedestrians:

- typical hazards causing: slips, trips and falls on the same level; fallsfrom a height; collisions with moving vehicles; striking by moving, flying or falling objects; striking against fixed or stationary objects

- conditions and environments in which each hazard may arise


Control strategies for pedestrian hazards:- risk assessment; slip resistant surfaces; spillage control and drainage;

designated walkways; fencing and guarding; use of signs and personal protective equipment; information, instruction, training andsupervision

- maintenance of a safe workplace: cleaning and housekeeping requirements, access and egress, environmental considerations(heating, lighting, noise and dust) including during maintenanceactivities.

1.5 Construction hazards and control Scope of construction, including building, maintenance, renovation and

demolitionSafe stacking and storage of materials and flammable substancesMain hazards and controls relating to construction and demolition; including machinery/vehicles (eg, fork-lift trucks, dumper trucks, cement mixers), site security, electricity, working at height, excavationsManagement controls that can be applied for significant construction projects: assessment, selection and control of contractors.

1.6 Working at heightExamples of work activities involving a risk of injury from falling from height, and the significance of such injuriesBasic hazards and factors affecting risk from working at height (including vertical distance, fragile roofs, deterioration of materials, unprotected edges, unstable/poorly maintained access equipment, weather and falling materials)Methods of avoiding working at heightMain precautions necessary to prevent falls and falling materials, including proper planning and supervision of work, avoiding working in adverse weather conditionsRequirements for emergency rescueProvision of equipment, training, instruction and other measures to minimise distance and consequences of a fallRequirements for head protectionSafe working practices for common forms of access equipment, including ladders, stepladders, scaffolds (independent tied and mobile tower), mobile elevating work platforms, trestles, staging platforms and leading edge protection systemsInspection requirements.

1.7 ExcavationsHazards of work in and around excavations; buried services, falls of persons/equipment/material into excavation, collapse of sides, collapse of adjacent structures, water ingress, contaminated ground

Control measures to prevent injury/loss when working in and around excavations, including basic methods of supporting excavations, means of access, crossing points, barriers, lighting and signs, safe storage of spoil, checks for buried services, positioning and routing of vehicles, plant and equipment, personal protective equipmentInspection requirements for excavation support.



Management of alcohol and drug related issues in the workplace (ILO Code of Practice)1999 ISBN 9789221094055

Ambient factors in the Workplace (ILO Code of Practice), ISBN 92-2-11628-X

Workplace Transport Safety – Guidance for Employers HSG136, HSE Books 2005 ISBN 9780 7176 6154 1.


The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 (ACOP) (L24), HSE BooksISBN 0-7176-0413-5 h t t p : / / ww w . hs e . g o v . u k / p u b n s / b o o k s / l 2 4 . h t m

Safe Use of Work Equipment (ACOP) (L22), HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-6295-1 ht t p : / / ww w . hs e . g o v . u k / p u b ns/bo o k s / l 2 2 . h t m

C 120 Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) and (R 120),1964; h tt p : / / ww w . il o.o r g/i l o l e x / c gi - l e x / con v d e . p l ? R 1 2 0

R 102 Welfare Facilities Recommendation, 1956;ht t p : / / ww w . il o.o r g / il o l e x / c gi - l e x / co n v d e . p l ? R 1 0 2

Workplace Transport Safety – Guidance for Employers (HSG136),HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-6154-1 h t t p : // w w w . hs e . g o v . u k / p u b n s / b o o ks / h s g 1 3 6 . h t m

Lighting at Work (HSG38), HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-1232-1 ht t p : / / ww w . hs e . g o v . u k / p u b n s / b o o k s / h s g 3 8 . h t m

Seating at Work (HSG57), HSE Books ISBN 0717612314 ht t p : / / ww w . hs e . g o v . u k / p u b ns/bo o k s / h s g 5 7 . h t m

Work at Height Regulations 2005 (Amended)– A Brief Guide HSE Books (INDG401 rev1) 0-7176-6231-9 Violence at work A guide for employers HSE Books INDG69 HSE Books Drug misuse at work a guide for employers HSE Books INDG91 Safety and Health in ConstructionConvention (C167), ILO; ww w .i l o.o r g/i l o l e x / c g i- l ex/con v d e . p l ? C 1 6 7

Safety and Health in Construction Recommendation(R175), ILO; w w w .i l o.o r g / il o l e x / c g i - l e x / co n v d e . p l ? R 1 7 5

Safety and Health in Construction (ILO Code of Practice), ILO ISBN 92-2-107104-9Health and Safety in Construction (HSG150), 3rd edition, HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-2106-5





http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/books/hsg57.htm





http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/books/l22.htm



4.2.2 Element 2: Transport hazards and risk control

Learning outcomes


2.1 Explain the hazards and control measures for the safe movement of vehicles in the workplace

2.2 Outline the factors associated with driving at work that increase the risk of an incident and the control measures to reduce work-related driving risks.

Content

2.1 Safe movement of vehicles in the workplaceHazards from workplace transport operations:- typical hazards leading to loss of control; overturning of vehicles;

collisions with other vehicles, pedestrians and fixed objects- non-movement related hazards ie loading, unloading and securing

loads; sheeting; coupling; and vehicle maintenance work- conditions and environments in which each hazard may arise.

Control measures for safe workplace transport operations:- suitability and sufficiency of traffic routes; management of vehicle

movements; environmental considerations (visibility, gradients,changes of level, surface conditions); maintenance of vehicles; driverprotection and restraint systems; segregating of pedestrians and vehicles and measures to be taken when segregation is notpracticable; protective measures for people and structures (barriers,marking signs, warnings of vehicle approach and reversing); site rules; selection and training of drivers; management systems for assuring driver competence including local codes of practice.

2.2 Driving at workSignificance of work-related road injuriesFactors associated with driving at work that increases the risk of being involved in a road traffic incident (distance, driving hours, work schedules, stress due to traffic and weather conditions, etc)Managing work-related road safety- policy covers work-related road safety- systems to manage work-related road safety- monitoring performance to ensure policy is effective eg, collection of

information, reporting of work-related road incidents by employees- organisation and structure (to allow cooperation across departments

with different responsibilities for work-related road safety)- legal responsibilities of individuals on public roadsRisk assessment


Evaluating the risks- the driver (competency, fitness and health, training)- the vehicle (suitability, condition, safety equipment, safety critical

information, ergonomic considerations)- the journey (routes, scheduling, sufficient time, weather conditions)Control measures to reduce work-related driving risks.


Workplace Transport Safety – Guidance for Employers HSG136, HSE Books 2005 ISBN978 0 7176 6154 1.

Safe Use of Work Equipment (ACOP) (L22), HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-6295-1 ht t p : / / ww w . hs e . g o v . u k / p u b ns/bo o k s / l 2 2 . h t m


Safety and Health in Construction (ILO Code of Practice), ILO ISBN 92-2-107104-9

Hours of Work and Rest Periods (Road Transport) Convention 1979 (No. 153) and its accompanying Hours of Work and Rest Periods (Road Transport) Recommendation1979 (No. 153): h t t p : // w w w .i l o.o r g/i l o l e x / c g i- l e x / co n v d e . p l ? R 1 5 3

Driving at Work – Managing Work-Related Road Safety HSE 2003 INDG382 ISBN 97807176 2740 0.





4.2.3 Element 3: Musculoskeletal hazards and risk control

Learning outcomes


3.1 Explain work processes and practices that may give rise to work-related upper limb disorders and appropriate control measures

3.2 Explain the hazards and control measures which should be considered when assessing risks from manual handling activities

3.3 Explain the hazards, precautions and procedures to reduce the risk in the use of lifting and moving equipment with specific reference to manually operatedload moving equipment

3.4 Explain the hazards and the precautions and procedures to reduce the risk in the use of lifting and moving equipment with specific reference tomechanically operated load moving equipment.

Content

3.1 Work-related upper limb disordersMeaning of musculoskeletal disease and work related upper limb disorders (WRULDs)Examples of repetitive operations such as keyboard operation, assembly of small components, bricklaying and checkout operators; assessment of a display screen equipment workstationMatching the workplace to individual needs of workersThe ill-health effects of poorly designed tasks and workstationsThe factors giving rise to ill-health conditions: task (including repetitive, strenuous); environment (including lighting, glare); equipment (including user requirements, adjustability)Appropriate control measures.

3.2 Manual handling hazards, risks and control measuresCommon types of manual handling hazard and injuryAssessment of manual handling risks by considering the task, the load, the individual and the working environmentMeans of minimising the risks from manual handling with reference to the task, load, individual and working environment, eg, design, automation/mechanisation

Efficient movement principles for manually lifting loads to reduce risk of musculoskeletal disorders due to lifting, poor posture and repetitive or awkward movements.

3.3 Manually operated load handling equipment Hazards, precautions and procedures for common types of manually

operated load handling aids and equipment: trucks and trolleys; pallet trucks; people handling hoists; people handling aids.


3.4 Mechanically operated load handling equipment

Hazards, precautions and procedures for fork-lift trucks, lifts, hoists conveyors and cranes

Requirements for lifting operations:- strong, stable and suitable equipment- positioned and installed correctly- visibly marked, eg, safe working load- ensure lifting operations are planned, supervised and carried out in

safe manner by competent people- special requirements for lifting equipment for lifting people

The need for periodic examination/testing of lifting equipment.


ISO 12100: 2010, Safety of machinery – General principles for design – Risk assessment and risk reduction ISBN 978-0-580-67421-1

Manual Handling (Guidance) (L23), HSE Books ISBN 978-0-7176-2823-0

Safety in Working with Lift Trucks (HSG6), HSE Books ISBN 978-0-7176-1781-4

Safe Use of Lifting Equipment (L113), HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-1628-2

Ambient Factors in the Workplace (ILO Code of Practice), ILO ISBN 92-2-11628-X

ISO 12100 - 1: 2003, Safety of machinery, basic concepts, general principles for design, basic terminology, methodology ISBN 0-580-42922-9

ISO 12100 - 2: 2003, Safety of machinery, basic concepts, general principles for design, technical principles ISBN 0-580-42923-7

Manual Handling (Guidance) (L23), HSE Books ISBN 978-0-7176-2823-0

A Pain in Your Workplace? Ergonomic Problems and Solutions

(HSG121), HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-0668-6

Display Screen Equipment Work (Guidance) (L26), HSE

Books ISBN 0-7176-2582-6

Safety in Working with Lift Trucks (HSG6), HSE Books ISBN 978-0-7176-1781-4

Safe Use of Lifting Equipment (L113), HSE Books ISBN 978- 0-7176-1628-2

Ergonomic Checkpoints, ILO ISBN 92-2-109442-1

Work Organization and Ergonomics, ILO ISBN 92-2-109518-5

Recommended tuition time not less than 6hours


4.2.4 Element 4: Work equipment hazards and risk control

Learning outcomes


4.1 Outline general principles for selection, use and maintenance of work equipment

4.2 Explain the hazards and controls for hand-held tools4.3 Describe the main mechanical and non-mechanical hazards of machinery4.4 Explain the main control methods for reducing risk from machinery hazards.

Content

4.1 General principles for selection, use and maintenance of work equipment

Types of work equipment; including hand tools, power tools and machinerySuitability for the task – including meeting basic safety standardsThe need to restrict the use of equipment with specific risks to appropriate personsProvision of information, instruction and training to operators, maintenance staff and managersThe need for equipment to be maintained and maintenance to be conducted safelyThe need for periodic examination and testing of pressure systems Importance of operation and emergency controls, stability, lighting, markings and warnings, clear unobstructed workspaceWhat is expected of operators.

4.2 Hazards and controls for hand-held toolsHazards and misuse of hand tools and controls for safe use, in particular their condition, fitness for use, suitability for purpose and location in which they are used (eg, flammable atmosphere)Hazards of portable power tools (eg, drill, sander) and the means of control.

4.3 Machinery hazardsMain mechanical and non-mechanical hazards and how harm may result from themHazards presented by a range of equipment, including office machinery (eg, photocopier, document shredder),

manufacturing/maintenance machinery (eg, bench-top grinder, pedestal drill), agricultural/horticultural machinery (eg, cylinder mower, strimmer / brush-cutter, chain-saw), retail machinery (eg, compactor, checkout conveyor system) and construction machinery (eg, cement mixer, bench-mounted circular saw).


4.4 Control measures for reducing risk from machinery hazards The basic principles of operation, merits and limitations of the

following methods of protection:- fixed guards; interlocked guards; trip devices; adjustable/self-

adjusting guards- protective devices two-hand controls; hold-to-run protective appliances;

emergency stop controls, personal protective equipment- jigs, holders, push sticks- information, instruction, training and supervisionApplication of the above methods to the range of equipment listed in 4.3Basic requirements for guards and safety devices:- compatible with process, adequate strength, maintained, allow

maintenance without removal, not increase risk or restrict view, noteasily by-passed.


Safe Use of Work Equipment (ACOP) (L22 3rd edition) 2008,

HSE Books ISBN 978-0-7176-6295-1

ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery, basic concepts, general principles for design, basic terminology, methodology ISBN 0-580-42922-9

ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery, basic concepts, general principles for design, technical principles ISBN 0-580-42923-7

Ambient Factors in the Workplace (ILO Code of Practice), ILO ISBN 92-2-11628-X



4.2.5 Element 5: Electrical safety

Learning outcomes


5.1 Outline the principles, hazards and risks associated with the use of electricity in the workplace

5.2 Outline the control measures that should be taken when working with electrical systems or using electrical equipment in normal workplaceconditions.

Content

5.1 Principles, hazards and risks associated with the use of electricity in the workplace

Principles of electricity:- basic circuitry, relationship between voltage, current and resistanceHazards of electricity:- electric shock and its effect on the body; factors influencing severity:

voltage, frequency, duration, resistance, current path; electrical burns:direct and indirect

- electrical fires: common causes- portable electrical equipment: conditions and practices likely to lead

to accidents (unsuitable equipment, inadequate maintenance, use ofdefective apparatus)

- secondary hazards (eg, falls from heights).

5.2 Control measuresControl measures:- protection of conductors- selection and suitability of equipment- advantages and limitations of protective systems: fuses,

earthing, isolation of supply, reduced and low voltage systems, residual current devices, double insulation

- use of competent persons- use of safe systems of work (no live working unless no other

option), isolation, locating buried services, protection against overhead cables

- emergency procedures following an electrical incident- inspection and maintenance strategies: user checks; formal

inspection and tests of the electrical installation and equipment; frequency of inspection and testing; records of inspection and testing; advantages and limitations of portable appliance testing (PAT).



Electricity at Work – Safe Working Practices HSG85 HSE Books 2003 ISBN 978 0 71762164 4

Maintaining Portable and Transportable Electrical Equipment HSG107 HSE Books 2004ISBN 978 07 176 2805 6



4.4.6 Element 6: Fire safety

Learning outcomes


6.1 Describe the principles of fire initiation, classification and spread6.2 Outline the principles of fire risk assessment6.3 Describe the basic principles of fire prevention and the prevention of fire

spread in buildings6.4 Identify the appropriate fire alarm system and fire-fighting equipment for a

simple workplace6.5 Outline the factors which should be considered when implementing a

successful evacuation of a workplace in the event of a fire.

Content

6.1 Fire initiation, classification and spreadPrinciples of fire: fire triangle; sources of ignition; fuel and oxygen in a typical workplaceClassification of fires: A, B, C, D and FPrinciples of heat transmission and fire spread: convection; conduction;radiation; and direct burningCommon causes and consequences of fires in workplace.

6.2 Fire risk assessmentFactors to be addressed in carrying out the assessmentConsideration of temporary workplaces and changes to workplaces.

6.3 Fire prevention and prevention of fire spreadControl measures to minimise the risk of fire in a workplace:- elimination of, or reduction in, the use and storage of flammable and

combustible materials- control of ignition sources- systems of work- good housekeepingSafe storage and use of flammable liquidsStructural measures to prevent the spread of fire and smoke: properties of common building material; protection of openings and voidsUse of suitable electrical equipment in flammable atmospheres.

6.4 Fire alarm system and fire-fighting equipment Fire detection, fire warning and fire-fighting equipment:

- common fire detection and alarm systems- portable fire-fighting equipment: siting, maintenance and training

requirements- extinguishing media: water, foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide;

advantages and limitations.


6.5 Evacuation of a workplace Means of escape: travel distances, stairs, passageways, doors,

emergency lighting, exit and directional signs, assembly pointsEmergency evacuation proceduresRole and appointment of fire marshalsFire drills; roll call; provisions for the disabledBuilding plans to include record of emergency escape.


Fire Safety: an Employer’s Guide (HSE, Home Office, Scottish Executive, DoE NorthernIreland), The Stationery Office ISBN 0-113-41229-0

Safety in the Use of Chemicals at Work – sections 6 and 7 (ILO Code of Practice), ILO ISBN 9-2210-8006-4

Occupational Safety and Health Convention (C155), ILO h tt p : / / w w w .i l o.o r g/i l o l e x / c g i - l e x / co n v d e . p l ? C 1 5 5






4.2.7 Element 7: Chemical and biological health hazards and risk control

Learning outcomes


7.1 Outline the forms of, the classification of, and health risks from exposure to hazardous substances

7.2 Explain the factors to be considered when undertaking an assessment of the health risks from substances commonly encountered in the workplace

7.3 Describe the use and limitations of Workplace Exposure Limits including the purpose of long term and short term exposure limits

7.4 Outline control measures that should be used to reduce the risk of ill-health from exposure to hazardous substances

7.5 Outline the hazards, risks and controls associated with specific agents7.6 Outline the basic requirements related to the safe handling and storage of

waste.

Content

7.1 Forms of, classification of, and health risks from hazardous substances Forms of chemical agent: dusts, fumes, gases, mists, vapours and liquids Forms of biological agents: fungi, bacteria and virusesMain classification of chemical substances hazardous to health: irritant, corrosive, harmful, toxic and carcinogenicDifference between acute and chronic health effects.

7.2 Assessment of health risksRoutes of entry of hazardous substances into the body and body reaction in the form of superficial and cellular defence mechanisms with particular reference to the hazardous substances listed in 7.5Factors to be taken into account when assessing health risksSources of information:- product labels- EU list of Indicative Limit Values, HSE list of Workplace Exposure Limits

(UK), - ACGIH list of Threshold Limit Values (US)- manufacturers’ safety data sheets and responsibility for their provision;

information typically to be included by supplier- limitations of information in assessing risks to healthRole and limitations of hazardous substance monitoring.


7.3 Workplace exposure limitsPurpose of workplace exposure limitsApplication of relevant limits (Threshold Limit Values, Workplace ExposureLimits, Maximum Allowable Concentrations, etc) Long term and short term limitsLimitations of exposure limitsInternational variations and attempts at harmonisation (eg, EU IndicativeLimit Values).

7.4 Control measures Prevent exposure or, where this is not reasonably practicable,

adequately control itEnsuring the workplace exposure limit is not exceededPrinciples of Good Practice as regards control of exposure:- minimisation of emission, release and spread of hazardous

substances through design and operation of processes and task activities

- effectiveness and reliability of control options that minimise the escapeand spread of hazardous substances

- exposure control to be proportional to health risk- use of personal protective equipment in combination with

other measures where adequate controls cannot be achieved otherwise

- other protective equipment and clothing (gloves, overalls, eyeprotection)

- personal hygiene and protection (eg, vaccination) regimes- health and medical surveillance- further controls of substances that can cause cancer, asthma

or damage to genes that can be passed from one generation to another.

Common measures used to implement Principles of Good Practice above:- elimination or substitution of hazardous substances or form

of substance- process changes- reduced time exposure; significance of time weighted averages- enclosure of hazards; segregation of process and people- local exhaust ventilation: general applications and principles of

capture and removal of hazardous substances; components of a basic system and factors that may reduce its effectiveness; requirements for inspection

- use and limitations of dilution ventilation- respiratory protective equipment: purpose, application and

effectiveness; types of equipment and their suitability for different substances; selection, use and maintenance

- other protective equipment and clothing (gloves, overalls, eye protection)

- personal hygiene and protection regimes- health surveillance and biological monitoring

Further control of substances that can cause cancer, asthma or genetic damage that can be passed from one generation to another.


7.5 Specific agentsHealth risks and controls associated with asbestosHealth risks and controls associated with other specific agents: blood borne viruses, carbon monoxide, cement, legionella, leptospira, silica, wood dust; workplace circumstances in which they might be present.

7.6 Safe handling and storage of waste Basic environmental issues relating to safe handling and storage of waste

(suitable PPE, separate storage of incompatible waste streams).


Safety in the Use of Chemicals at Work (ILO Code of Practice, ILO ISBN 9-2210-8006-4

Step by Step Guide to COSHH Assessment (HSG97), HSE Books

ISBN 978-0-7176-2785-1

Controlling Airborne Contaminants at Work – A Guide to Local Exhaust Ventilation(HSG258), HSE Books ISBN 978-0-7176-6298-2

C 139 Occupational Cancer and (R 147), 1974;ht t p : / / ww w . il o.o r g / il o l e x / c g il ex / co n v d e . p l ? R 1 4 7

C 170 Chemicals and (R 177), 1990; h tt p : / / w w w . i l o.o r g/i l o l e x / c g i- l e x / co n v d e.p l ? R 1 7 7

C 162 Asbestos and (R 172), 1986; h t t p : // w w w . i l o.o r g/i l o l e x / c g i- l e x / co n v d e.p l ? R 1 7 2

Personal Protective Equipment at Work (Guidance) (L25),

HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-1232-5

Respiratory Protective Equipment at Work – A Practical Guide (HSG53),

HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-2904-6

Ambient Factors in the Workplace (ILO Code of Practice, ILO ISBN 92-2-111628-X

Occupational health services C161 and R171 h t t p : / / ww w . il o.o r g / il o l e x / c gi - l e x / co n v d e . p l ? R 1 7 1







http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgilex/convde.pl?R147


4.2.8 Element 8: Physical and psychological health hazards and risk control

Learning outcomes


8.1 Outline the health effects associated with exposure to noise and appropriate control measures

8.2 Outline the health effects associated with exposure to vibration and appropriate control measures

8.3 Outline the principal health effects associated with heat, ionising and non-ionising radiation and basic protection techniques

8.4 Outline the causes and effects of stress at work and appropriate control actions.

Content

8.1 NoiseThe physical and physiological effects on hearing of exposure to noiseThe meaning of terms commonly used in the measurement of sound (sound pressure, intensity, frequency); the decibel scale and dB(A) and dB (C)Acceptable and unacceptable levels of noise and assessmentBasic noise control measures (isolation, absorption, insulation, damping and silencing), the purpose, application and limitations of personal hearing protection: (types, selection, use, maintenance and attenuation factors)Role of health surveillanceOccupations with potential noise exposure problems: eg, construction, uniformed services, entertainment, manufacturing, call centres.

8.2 VibrationThe effects on the body of exposure to vibration, with particular reference to hand-arm vibration and whole body vibrationThe need for assessment of exposure; exposure limit and action values Basic vibration control measures including choice of equipment, maintenance, limiting exposure (including duration and magnitude, work schedules, rest periods, clothing to protect against cold, etc)Role of health surveillance.

8.3 Radiation The types of, and differences between, non-ionising and ionising

radiation and their health effects Typical occupational sources of non-ionising and ionising radiation

(including radon) The basic means of controlling exposures to non-ionising and ionising

radiationThe basic means of controlling exposures to radonBasic radiation protection strategiesThe role of monitoring and health surveillance.


8.4 Stress Causes, effects and prevention strategies (demand, control, support

relationships, role, change).


Ambient factors in the Workplace (ILO Code of Practice), ISBN 92-2-11628-X

Personal Protective Equipment at Work (Guidance) (L25), HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-1232-5

Working Environment (Air, Pollution, Noise and Vibration) C 148 and R 156, 1977;ht t p : / / ww w . il o.o r g / il o l e x / c gi - l e x / co n v d e . p l ? R 1 5 6

Protection of workers against noise and vibration in the environment (ILO Code ofPractice) 1984 ISBN 9-2210-1709-5

Radiation Protection C 115 and R 114, 1960 h tt p : // w w w .i l o.o r g/i l o l e x / c g i - l e x / co n v d e . p l ? R 1 1 4

Radiation protection of workers (ionising radiations) (ILO Code of Protection) 1987 ISBN9-221-059967

Real Solutions, real people: A managers guide to tackling work-related stress, HSE Books ISBN 0-7176-2767-5

HSE Stress Management Standards htt p:// www. h se.g ov. uk / str ess/ st andards


http://www.hse.gov.uk/stress/standards




IGC New 2011 Syllabus

Documents

learning outcomeson

threshold

recommended

local exhaust

promoting

related road

personal protective

safety assessment