IFRC SRU SD HFH AM Steel innovation for low-middle income

TWO INNOVATIVE STEEL INTENSIVE HOUSING SOLUTIONSFOR LOW TO MIDDLE HOUSEHOLDS IN ROMANIA

� Casa Buna� Mansard Extension & Thermal Rehab

FAMILY SELECTIONHOUSING VULNERABILITIES, NEEDS & DEMAND

� Habitat for Humanity partners with low income households who reside in inadequate housing conditions, who are willing to partner – share the load.

HFH use SDA construction principles:

� SimpleSimpleSimpleSimple – in design that meets the needs and some of the aspirations of the family

� DecentDecentDecentDecent – a home that creates and environment for life with dignity, comfort, privacy, is healthy & safe, durable. A home to be proud of and a welcome inheritance.

� AffordableAffordableAffordableAffordable – the capital cost and running of the home will not result in the family compromising other basic needs; education, health, food and nutrition, leisure, etc.

A STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP APPROACH

• housing need and demand consultation with families/communities in need

• direct engineering and resource partnership in Romania where both ArcelorMittal and Habitat for Humanity are presentboth ArcelorMittal and Habitat for Humanity are present

• volunteer engagement through technical and physical volunteer work of ArcelorMittal staff and Global Village volunteers

• development of steel-based solutions to meet HFH ‘Simple Decent Affordable’ housing strategy

THE ROMANIAN CONTEXT

• housing solunion has to be adequate for climatic &

Habitat for Humanity Europe & Central Asia

adequate for climatic & seismic conditions in Romania

• energy-efficient & comfortable: continental climate with cold winters hot summers

• meet HFH Housing Quality Standards and Romanian Building Codes and Norms

WHY STEEL?

Concrete and timber framing used:Concrete and timber framing used:Concrete and timber framing used:Concrete and timber framing used:• internal review of building materials and home performance• cut down on building waste – depending on partner families and

volunteers, up to 20% timber waste• need to simplify the construction process & margin for error• reduce construction timeframe• reduce construction timeframe

Steel option offered:Steel option offered:Steel option offered:Steel option offered:• life cycle analysis of steel demonstrated a improved energy and

resource consumption in HFH/AM improved design• volunteer friendly…volunteer proof technology• steel components sized prior to arrival on site• fixings and connection points colour coded by HFH staff• significant steel industry in Romania• country wide availability - where HFH have an active programme

CASA BUNA CHALLENGE

To develop a housing solution that offers low to middle income Romanian households affordable, comfortable, energy

!

An innovative, supported self-build, steel solution for affordable, energy efficient housing in Romania.

efficient housing.

!

DESIGNED WITH FAMILIES

• HFH partner families participate in the design, build and buy their own

54

and buy their own home

• HFH offer affordable non-profit mortgage and value ‘sweat equity’ build hours

APPROVED BY MUNICIPAL BUILDING CONTROL

• non-profit affordable design –€380/m2 v €650/m2 average for commercial

54

commercial development

CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE FITS WITH THE HOUSEHOLDS EXISTING COMMITMENTS

Building Casa BunaBuilding Casa BunaBuilding Casa BunaBuilding Casa Buna

TOTAL = 3,858 person hours1 Foreman 360 hours

(supervising, coordinating, bill of materials, etc)2 Steel structure installers 1176 hours

(installment of steel structure, including bracing, bolts)3 Metallic tiles installers 116 hours

(installment of metallic tiles, including pipes and gutters)

54

(installment of metallic tiles, including pipes and gutters)4 Gypsum band installer 515 hours

(installment of complete gipsum board- ceiling, walls- profile and boarg)5 Electricians 56 hours6 Plumbing 16 hours7 Mason (thermo system) 155 hours

(installment of thermosystem - EPS 10 cm + sandblast+paint)8 Carpenter (OSB, packet) 564 hours

(installment of OSB for floors and walls, kitchen furniture, ridge of roof profile)9 House painter 283 hours

(closing gipsum board and painting three layers)10 Window installers, flashings, doors, mineral walls 420 hours11 Miscellanous 187 hours12 FAMILY SWEAT EQUITY DEDUCT 500 hours

Total construction time Total construction time Total construction time Total construction time ---- 12 site 12 site 12 site 12 site personnel +/personnel +/personnel +/personnel +/---- 8 8 8 8 weeks.weeks.weeks.weeks.

BUILT BY PARTNER FAMILIES AND VOLUNTERS

• volunteer-friendly self-build design – HFH homes are largely built by non-construction/professional volunteers

• supported self-build

54

OWNED BY HOUSEHOLDS AND COMMUNITIES

• offer use flexibility - e.g. internal partitioning, external envelope aspect• design options depending of family needs• 27, 54, 81 m2 options

54

FOR HOUSEHOLDS AND COMMUNITY

A1 A2

A4 A3

Average consumption Average consumption Average consumption Average consumption 59595959----67 kwh/m2 a67 kwh/m2 a67 kwh/m2 a67 kwh/m2 a

Space heating energy consumption calculation

ENERGY EFFICIENT DESIGN

Casa Buna

North

Consumption Kw/m2yearConsumption Kw/m2yearConsumption Kw/m2yearConsumption Kw/m2year

Apartment Bucharest Bacau

county

A1 65 74

A2 65 72

A3 53 61

A4 53 62

Average 59 67

A4 A3StructureStructureStructureStructure150 x 60 cold rolled steel structureExternallyExternallyExternallyExternally12mm OSB cladding•80mm extruded polystyrene boards/sheets•5 x 5 mm mesh, nylon netting•2 x 2.5mm stucco weather-proof finish coatInternallyInternallyInternallyInternally•100mm glass wool insulation(in steel frame cavity void)•25 x 50 mm horizontal counter brackets/ battens•12mm drywall (plaster board)•2mm skim coat (finishing plaster)2 coats emulsion

STEEL BASED SOLUTIONS – AN EFFECTIVE RESPONSE

• light gauge steel framing made of cold-formed steel profiles – superstructure, roof covering, integrated rainwater systems

• a dimensionally stable, consistent quality, reliable material, resistant to natural pressures including termites, hurricanes, earthquakes

• light structures, hence reduced foundations and strong light roofing solution

• dry and clean construction works, reduced construction waste, quick assembly & steel is 100% recyclable

• better control of thermal and acoustic performance, due to precise workshop preparation

• supported self-build technology, allowing families to take control of their housing needs - self built, builds capacity to self maintain

MORE WORK NEEDED

• continued struggle to access suitable land– advocate for the marginalized

• fluctuation of steel prices – build in alternative contingency measures

• additional marketing needed to achieve an improved economy of scale

• significant interest outside of Romania – which markets? What demand by the low-middle income?

• formal training and certification requirement – to support low/middle income families/builders to be recognized for their contribution and acquired skills

• longer contingency in the construction schedule to accommodate inclement weather

Casa Buna

WHAT WORKED WELL!

• Significant reduction in building waste

• Reduction in foundation, utility connection & transport costs

• Reduced construction timeframe - traditional materials can take up to 8 months

• Following much negotiations, full support of municipal building control department

• Steel framing knowledge learned and retained by HFH Staff, volunteers and partner families

• Reduced fuel/energy bills for families when compared to old/former homes

SOME RESULTS

2012 PLAN

Mansard Roof Extension and Thermal Rehab Pilot

MOINESTI ROMANIA, HOUSING VULNERABILITY, NEEDS AND DEMAND

• multi-generational households, sub-division of land and homes

• shortage of housing and no affordable new stock/ developments for low – middle income

• no suitable land for housing in the local area

• poor thermal performance/ quality of multi unit apartment blocks

• owners of existing stock cannot afford to renovate and repair homes

• deterioration of the existing housing stock

THE NEED FOR CREATIVITY

• mansard extensions are occasionally found in Romania, generally by developers or owner associations for profit

• thermal rehabilitations are on the increase due to increasing fuel/energy costs

•

Date:

• the opportunity was identified for the exchange of the ‘rooftop’ real state’, for thermal renovation and renewed sewage system renewal

• structural survey completed to assess load bearing capacity of existing structure

• utility carrying capacity assessed

• social infrastructure assessed to determine impact of 8 additional families – schooling, medical facilities, market, green outdoor recreational areas

• consultation with all existing 27 and 8 new families – plant the seeds

MANSARD EXTENSION DESIGN

THE SUPERSTRUCTURE

EXPECT THE UNEXPECTED…

• 10 cm concrete screed + 30 cm slag insulation

• nothing square, parallel, perpendicular

• 15 cm variance in roof slab level• adjusting steel to ‘fit’ the existing

Date:

• adjusting steel to ‘fit’ the existing structure

• never assume the weather• perseverance prevails• marginally behind schedule• weather tight for winter• steel superstructure strengthening,

durable• new apartments mirror existing

PROGRESS TO AUGUST 2011

TWO INNOVATIVE HOUSING SOLUTIONS

Tackling to 2 main aspects of poverty housingTackling to 2 main aspects of poverty housingTackling to 2 main aspects of poverty housingTackling to 2 main aspects of poverty housing::::

1. The poor quality of the existing stock2. The shortage in the existing stock

Supporting Supporting Supporting Supporting ddddisasterisasterisasterisaster rrrriskiskiskisk rrrreductioneductioneductioneduction throughthroughthroughthrough::::

� Fortification of existing stock� Improving thermal performance and comfort in the home� Reducing health risk through improved sanitation� New construction build in reduced risk locations� Technology meets and exceeds local building codes� Merge risk reduction , and response with long term development -

HQS� Housing Micro Finance following the response phase – concept

stage

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Comments and queries encouraged and welcome .encouraged and welcome .

Robin W .BlackAssociate Director,

Construction Design & Technology, Disaster ResponseHabitat for Humanity International

Europe & Central [email protected]