IFAD’s Gender and Targeting Webinar Series Purpose of the webinar series Webinar programme 29 April – Livelihoods and gender analysis 20 May – Targeting and gender strategies 17 June – Monitoring and impact indicators 2 July – Gender marker
Aug 22, 2014
IFAD’s Gender and Targeting Webinar Series
Purpose of the webinar series
Webinar programme29 April – Livelihoods and gender analysis20 May – Targeting and gender strategies 17 June – Monitoring and impact indicators2 July – Gender marker
Practical tips on gender-sensitive monitoring and impact indicators
StructureI. Indicators in project cycleII. Overview of indicatorsIII. Logframe*IV. Impact indicators*
* Opportunity for contributions
LinksIFAD Asia and Pacific Region e-learning on M&E (to be launched soon)
Gender in Agriculture Sourcebook (WB, FAO and IFAD) http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTARD/EXTGENAGRLIVSOUBOOK/0,,contentMDK:21348334~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:3817359,00.html
Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) http://www.ifpri.org/book-9075/ourwork/program/weai-resource-center
I. Indicators in project cycle
Targeting and gender process
Rural livelihoods
Project design + indicators
Gender strategyTargeting strategy
Project implementation + M&E
Project impact
Gender analysisSocio-economic analysis
Webinar 1
Webinar 2
Webinar 3
Target group profile
II. Overview of indicators
Technical change
Increased productivity
Increased income
and/or food access
Better life
Output Outcome and impact
III. Logframe
Narrative summary Indicators Means of verification
Assumptions/
risks
Goal
Purpose (development objectives)
Outcomes
Outputs
• Logical results chain?
• Address gender and poverty?
Disaggregate “people” (e.g. by sex, age, relevant variables).Do indicators consider qualitative as well as quantitative aspects?
Beyond “numbers” of women and men.
Perceived/felt impact? Changes in attitude? Behaviour? (particularly Outcome/development objective/goal levels)
• What measures verify whether project benefits accrue to women and men?
• Different types of women and men engaged in, or impacted by the project?
• Consider socio-economic, ability, age variables.
• Think beyond “economic” benefits to consider benefits related to social relations, labour, time, etc.)?
Formulating gender-sensitive indicators
• Yes, SMART, but also:
• Address diversity - disaggregate by sex, age, socio-economic group, etc.
• Is GE, WE being measured? (reference IFAD Policy)• Anchor in agreed conventions, rights (e.g. CEDAW)• Suitable? Consult stakeholders in formulating, choosing
indicators• Clarify concepts, definitions• Mix of quantitative and qualitative• Prioritize
What do these indicators tell us?
1. 60% of targeted farmers increased adoption of soil and water conservation practices
2. No. and % of women experiencing improved livelihoods
3. # of women and men with increased access to income-earning opportunities over baseline
4. # of households having increased income over baseline
• Disaggregate• Dig deeper re: other impacts,
unintended results?• Felt/perceived impact?
• How does this compare to men?• What more information do we
need?• How do women define
“improved livelihoods?”
• What more do we need to know?
• Who is benefiting from those income-earning opportunities?
• Is someone reallocating labour? What impacts?
• Doesn’t tell us anything about felt impact/benefit within HH
• Consider unintended impacts (labour/time?).
Tell us more: Participatory GSI identification
1. % men and women reporting meaningful participation of women in household decision-making about income expenditure.
2. % men and women reporting ability of women to effectively control productive assets
3. % men and women with changed attitudes toward women’s control over productive assets.
Need clear definitions, participatory identification
Sex- versus gender-disaggregated data
Women Men Interpretation Opportunities Sex disaggre.
25 women trained 40 men trained
Gender disaggre.
Of 25 women, 80% headed their own households
All men were from married households
Women’s attendance increased when training was held in afternoons
Men’s attendance was constant
All participants were literate
All participants were literate
Of 25 women, only 20% held leadership positions in community
Of 40 men, 75% held leadership positions in community
Reduce fee for spouse attendance
Provide food and child care facilitiesSelect time of training to suit women’s work schedule
Provide literacy classes to increase outreach
Increase women’s representation in leadership positions in community decision-making bodies
More men attended ‘farming as a business’ entrepreneurship training than women.
Married women were less able to attend training than their husbands or women heading their own households. Reasons: burden of household duties; perception that entrepreneurship training is more relevant to men (a view held by both men and women in MHHs); a reluctance to pay fees for wives to attend.
Women were occupied during the morning with household duties (e.g. child care and food preparation); men had fewer constraints on their time.
Low literacy rates among women in community hindered illiterates from participating.
Male-dominated leadership meant that women’s considerations regarding timing and selection of training venue received little attention.
IV. Impact indicators: WEAI
Five domains of empowerment (90%
of index) Women’s
empowerment in five dimensions
Gender parity index (10%)
Women’s achievement’s relative to the
primary male in hh
Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index
(WEAI)
Index range from zero to one: higher values = greater empowermentIdentifies HOW
women are/ aren't empowered -can support project design
Identifies WHO is empowered: relative/relational empowerment of women within HH
WEAI measures absolute and relative levels of women’s empowerment
Link to IFPRI/USAID/OPHI website
IFAD questionnaire – what changes?
5 dimensions of empowerment
Indicators Weight Links to objectives of IFAD Policy on Gender Equality and
Women’s Empowerment
PRODUCTION 1.Input in productive decisions 1/10
2.Autonomy in production 1/10
RESOURCES 3.Ownership of asset 1/15
4.Purchase, sale, or transfer of assets
1/15
5.Access to and decisions on credit
1/15
INCOME 6.Control over use of income 1/5
LEADERSHIP 7.Group member 1/10
8.Speaking in public 1/10
TIME 9.Workload 1/10
10.Leisure 1/10
Economic empowerment
Decision-making and representation
Equitable workload balance
A woman who achieved the standard of "adequate" with 80% or more of weighted indicators – Lillian is empowered
Example – Lilian in Uganda
How to conduct the questionnaire
1. Gender questionnaire conducted after RIMS questionnaire in the same household
2. Information is collected at individual level (rather than household level) interviewing separately primary man and woman within same household
3. Define a household: monogamous, polygamous, etc.
V. Conclusion
Webinar programme29 April – Livelihoods and gender analysis20 May – Targeting and gender strategies 17 June – Monitoring and impact indicators2 July – Gender marker
RecapI. Indicators in project cycleII. Overview of indicatorsIII. LogframeIV. Impact indicators