IEEE Radio & Wireless Week IoT Powered by Wireless Presentation

The Internet of Things -

Powered by Wireless

Sunday, January 15, 2017

Mark Goldstein, International Research Center

PO Box 825, Tempe, AZ 85280-0825, Phone: 602-470-0389,

[email protected], URL: http://www.researchedge.com/

Presentation Available at http://www.slideshare.net/markgirc

© 2017 - International Research Center

Arizona Chapterhttp://www.radiowirelessweek.org/

See also: Internet of Things Innovations & Megatrends

Presentation to the IEEE Computer Society Phoenix

On December 14, 2016 at http://bit.ly/2hLXjPT

IoT Overview and Ecosystems

IoT Computing Platforms and Sensors

IoT Gateway and Network Connections

IoT Application Arenas

• Consumer and Home Automation

• Wearables

• Healthcare and Life Science

• Retail and Logistics

• Industrial

• Smart Buildings

• Smart Cities and Environment

• Transportation

IoT Security and Privacy

IoT Standards and Organizations

IoT Data Applications and Business Models

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Third_Wave_(Toffler_book) (1980)

Source: Teradata Corporation

Internet of Things Basics

Source: Postscapes (http://postscapes.com/)

Source: Postscapes (http://postscapes.com/)

Source: Postscapes (http://postscapes.com/)

Source: IDC & Peplink 2015

IoT Vision

Source: TE Connectivity

IoT Adoption Landscape

Source: IEEE Spectrum 10/16

Source:

CompTIA

http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/

embedded/embedded-design-center.html

Arduino Mega 2560

Raspberry Pi 2 Model B Nwazet Pi Media CenterNight Vision Camera Modules

MicroSD Card Adapter

BLE Mini Bluetooth 4.0 Interface

Arduino, Raspberry & Other Microcontrollers

Ultimate GPS BreakoutUDOO Quad Core w/SATA

16GB NOOBS

SD Card

Raspberry Pi

Camera Board

PiFace Relay+

https://www.element14.com/community/community/raspberry-pi/

SunFounder 37 Modules Raspberry Pi B+ Sensor Kit

http://www.sunfounder.com/index.php?c=show&id=47&model=Sensor%20Kit%20for%20B+

Detailed tutorial, source code

& 32 lessons on project DVD

https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/pi-zero/

The Raspberry Pi Zero is half the size of

a Model A+, with twice the utility. A tiny

Raspberry Pi that’s affordable enough

for any project!

• 1Ghz, Single-core CPU

• 512MB RAM

• Mini HDMI & USB On-The-Go ports

• Micro USB power

• HAT-compatible 40-pin header

• Composite video & reset headers

• Can utilize Raspbian Jessie OS Adafruit Raspberry Pi Zero Starter Packhttp://www.adafruit.com/products/2816

65 mm x 30 mm x 5 mm

http://www.ti.com/product/cc2541

The Texas Instruments

CC2541 is a power-

optimized true system-on-

chip (SoC) solution for

both Bluetooth low energy

and proprietary 2.4-GHz

applications. It enables

robust network nodes to

be built with low total bill-

of-material costs. The

CC2541 combines the

excellent performance of a

leading RF transceiver

with an industry-standard

enhanced 8051 MCU, in-

system programmable

flash memory, 8-KB RAM,

and many other powerful

supporting features and

peripherals. The CC2541 is

highly suited for systems

where ultralow power

consumption is required.

TI CC2541 SOC

Intel’s Edison computer is housed in an SD card form factor and comes with built-

in Linux and both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless. The computer, which is based on

Intel's 22-nanometer Quark chips, can be the basis for a new wave of products

and will become available summer 2014. Source: eWeek

Intel Curie Module Unleashing Wearable Device Innovation

http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en

/wearables/wearable-soc.html

Intel’s Curie module is a complete low-

power solution for the wearable space

with compute, motion sensor, Bluetooth

Low Energy, and battery charging

capabilities.

Key Features:

• Low-power, 32-bit Intel Quark SE SoC

• 384kB Flash memory, 80kB SRAM

• Small and efficient open source real-

time operating system (RTOS)

• Low-power integrated DSP sensor hub

with a proprietary pattern matching

accelerator

• Bluetooth Low Energy

• 6-Axis combo sensor with

accelerometer and gyroscope

• Battery charging circuitry (PMIC)

• Released January, 2015

Approximately 26 mm x 35 mm

https://software.intel.com/en-us/node/675623

Netclearance Systems, Inc.’s (NCS) mBeaconSense hub embeds temperature, vibration,

accelerometer, magnetic, and light sensors into a 15mm x 20mm form factor making it the

industry's smallest beacon technology to incorporate multiple data sensors into one device.

Combined with the Netclearance Systems' Wi-Fi, Ethernet, and mesh gateways,

mBeaconSense enables multiple remote sensing capabilities in a single tag allowing for

streamlined, and cost-effective deployments. mBeaconSense includes everything necessary

to create next generation IoT sensing capabilities utilizing low power Bluetooth and Wi-Fi.

The mBeaconSense incorporates a near field communication (NFC) antenna and memory to

provide close proximity passive identification capabilities making the product both a hybrid

passive and active tag. http://www.netclearance.com/

AT&T Dedicated IoT Starter Kit for Amazon Web Services

https://starterkit.att.com/

Source: EDN Magazine

Wikipedia on Smart Dust:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SmartdustWikipedia on Wireless Sensor Network (WSN):http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_sensor_network

Smart Dust Motes forWireless SensorNetworks(WSN)

Multihop Wireless Sensor Network

Sensor Cluster Trends for Mobile Phones

(Inertial Measurement Units)

AMS AV-MLV-P2 is a volatile organic compounds (VOC) gas sensor which can detect

alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, organic acids, amines, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.

Source: IEEE Spectrum 11/14

Perspiration Biosensor Patches

http://www.uh.edu/news-events/stories/2016/September/09272016-Researchers-Create-Glucose-Sensing-Contact-Lens.php

The world's first smartphone with a giant six-inch screen and a built-in ADI (U.S., http://www.analog.com/) spectrometer running integrated software by Consumer Physics (U.S., https://www.consumerphysics.com/) and manufacturers by electronics giant Sichuan Changhong Electric Co. (China). (Source: Sichuan Changhong Electric)

The Array of Things (AoT) is an NSF grant

funded urban sensing project to implement a

network of interactive, modular sensor boxes

that will be installed around Chicago to

collect real-time data on the city’s

environment, infrastructure, and activity for

research and public use. The nodes will

initially measure temperature, barometric

pressure, light, vibration, carbon monoxide,

nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone,

ambient sound intensity, pedestrian and

vehicle traffic, and surface temperature.

Continued research and development will

help create sensors to monitor other urban

factors of interest such as flooding and

standing water, precipitation, wind, and

pollutants. See: http://arrayofthings.github.io/

Source: Fujitsu

Source: Cymbet

Energy Harvesting Sweet Spot

Typical End-to-End IoT Architecture Solutions

Source: Intel

https://www-ssl.intel.com/content/www/us/en/embedded/solutions/iot-gateway/overview.html

The NetComm 3G-4G and Wi-Fi Wireless M2M Router utilizes the speed and performance

capabilities of a LTE/4G network to deliver seamless M2M connectivity for a broad range of

M2M applications. The NTC-140W features two Gigabit Ethernet ports and high speed Wi-Fi

connectivity making it an ideal device for high speed networking. The device also features

vehicle voltage support, GPS and Ignition input making it ideal for mobile assets and

transportation applications. The NTC-140W creates point-to-point and point-to-multi-point

communication enabling the secure collection and analysis of data from remote and

unmanned applications. The NTC-140W’s powerful processor delivers optimal performance

and its embedded NetComm Linux OS and Software Development Kit (SDK) offers the end

user the capability to install custom firmware to the on-board flash memory via the

programming interface. Built in VPN clients also ensure a secure connection over a public

mobile network. See http://www.netcommwireless.com/product/4g/ntc-140w

NetComm NTC-140W

EPM2M-LORA Wireless Gateway

Source: Embedded Planet

http://www.embeddedplanet.com/

Telit m2m AIR Mobile Core Service

http://www.telit.com/

https://octoblu.com/ (Now part of Citrix)

Full-Stack IoT Messaging and Automation Platform

AWS IoT Architecture

Source: VDC Research

Azure IoT Suite Overview

Source: VDC Research

IoT’s Myriad Pathways and Gateways to the Cloud

Source: Keysight Technologies

IoT Technology Data Rate and Range Needs

Source: Rohde & Schwartz

Wireless Connection Technologies for Industrial IoT

Source: Texas Instruments

M2M Unlicensed Wireless Communications Comparison

Source: IEEE 802.11ah: The Wi-Fi Approach for M2M Communications Paper 10/14

https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/bluetooth-core-specification/bluetooth5

https://www.led-professional.com/technology/standardization/zigbee-alliance-and-thread-group-join-force

http://www.threadgroup.org/

http://www.zigbee.org/

Source: ZigBee Alliance (http://www.zigbee.org/zigbee-for-developers/zigbee3-0/)

Wi-Fi Ecosystem is Undergoing Change

http://www.wirelessdesignmag.com/article/2016/05/now-80211ac-wave-1-rolled-out-whats-next-wi-fi

Why the Present 802.11 Technology is Inadequate:

• Absence of power-saving mechanisms: The energy constraints of sensor networks are not considered in the current IEEE 802.11 standard.

• Unsuitable bands: Due to their short wireless range and high obstruction losses, existing Wi-Fi bands require the use of intermediate nodes, adding complexity to the network.

IEEE 802.11ah Requirements to Support M2M Communications:

• Up to 8,191 devices associated with an access point (AP) through a hierarchical identifier structure

• Carrier frequencies of approximately 900 MHz (license-exempt) that are less congested and guarantee a long range

• Transmission range up to 1 km in outdoor areas• Data rates of at least 100 kbps• One-hop network topologies• Short and infrequent data transmissions (data packet size approximately 100 bytes and

packet inter-arrival time greater than 30 s)• Very low energy consumption by adopting power saving strategies• Cost-effective solution for network device manufacturers

IEEE 802.11ah Wi-Fi Approach for M2M Communications

http://www.ieee802.org/11/Reports/tgah_update.htm

http://www.techrepublic.com/article/802-11ah-wi-fi-protocol-for-iot-solves-two-m2m-problems/

Source: Ingenuhttp://www.ingenu.com/

Source: Cisco

Evolution of Mobile Standards

Typical Cellular IoT Use Cases

Source: 4G Americas

5G Scalability to Address Diverse Services and Devices

Source: Qualcomm

Potential 5G Services Bandwidth & Latency Requirements

Source: GMSA, Heavy Reading

Source: Rohde & Schwarz

https://newsroom.intel.com/newsroom/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2017/01/5G-modem-fact-sheet.pdf

IEEE 5Ghttp://5g.ieee.org/

IoT Connection Technologies Operating Range

Source: Keysight Technologies

Wireless Technologies Using Unlicensed Bands

Source: Rohde & Schwartz

IoT Frequency Bands of Operation (Non-Cellular)

Source: Keysight Technologies

Source: FCC/National Instruments

Source: AT&T

IoT Wireless Technology Summary

Source: Rohde & Schwartz

Next Generation Wireless Framework

Source: CB Insights

Internet of Things Security Attributes

Source: Hewlett Packard Enterprise

Why the Internet of Things Matters

Source: LNS Research

Source: LNS Research

Internet of Things (IoT) Roadblocks Those making their first foray into connected products can improve the success of their IoT programs by

understanding the following hazards.

• Too many inputs and too much data – Having too much data is nearly as bad as not having enough.

It’s easy to get excited about the promise of new technology. But overdoing it on early programs can

result in data explosion that overwhelms IT systems as well as stakeholders.

• Too many alarms – Nothing guarantees organizational disengagement from a supposedly smart

system than many “false positive” errors. False alarms are the spam of the IIoT world. They drown out

the actual errors and condition stakeholders to ignore system feedback.

• Missed critical alarms – If false positives are frustrating, a false negative can be catastrophically

damaging depending upon the system. No notification or late notification of a potential safety concern

can cause product, personnel, environmental or secondary damage, and can bring the program into

question.

• Unclear guidance – Feedback must be actionable, correct, and timely to the multiple stakeholders

involved. Feedback that is unclear or requires time-consuming offline analysis substantially reduces

system value.

• Unprepared Organization – connected products often require “connected organizations”.

Organizations may need to work together in new and different ways to realize revenue and margin

projections.

• Customer Backlash – Even in cases where the customer clearly has the most to gain through a newly

connected product, there is a risk of customer backlash. Consumer privacy and security risks are

substantial concerns carrying the specter of legal action. Additionally, there is a risk of Government

charges. This US Federal Trade Commission Report provides a good overview of possible risks as

well as the FTC’s recommendations.

• Perceived cost versus benefit – Ideally, the success of an IIoT-enabled product would be easily

quantified. Cost for a connected product can be high, once infrastructure costs are considered. Costs

are often easier to measure than success, particularly if success is tied to lagging and less correlated

metrics such as customer satisfaction. Subjective comparison of cost versus success puts a program

at risk. Without positive proof of value and clearly defined and accepted targets, a single large adverse

event can undermine the program. Source: LNS Research

Internet of Things Playbook

Source: Navigant Research

Internet of Things (IoT) Maturity Mode

Source: TDWI

Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies

Source: Gartner 7/16

Internet of Things (IoT)

Note: Added by MG-IRC

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