IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 20061 AUG Physics Program to prepare / in parallel to ITER Aim is to establish the physics base for ITER.

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 1

AUG Physics Program to prepare / in parallel to ITER

Aim is to establish the physics base for ITER (and DEMO)

Two main areas of ITER preparation with unique features:

Consolidation of the standard scenario - W components for wall and divertor, - MHD control with ECCD (variable frequency) versatility of heating systems - ELM tailoring and disruption mitigation pellet and killer gas injection

Exploration of 'Advanced' modes beyond standard scenario - Improved H-mode (ITER Hybrid scenario) pulse length/current diffusion time - ITER relevant digital CODAC system

Direct influence on ITER component design

Strategy: - in close collaboration within EU fusion program - supported by strong theory program at IPP - experiments on ASDEX Upgrade and JET

Otto Gruber, ASDEX Upgrade Team

Report on ASDEX UpgradeEURATOM Association

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 2

Hardware extensions in 2005:- towards a C-free first wall all LFS limiters (water cooled) & roof baffle with thin W coating

- 2 steerable ECRH mirrors (movement tested)- first two-frequency gyrotron: leak after commissioning (1 MW / 10 s / 105 & 140 GHz)

guard/

ICRHlimiter

aux.limiter

hor.plate

lower PSL

roofbaffle

2006/2007(planned)

W-coating startingwith campaign

2003/2004

2004/2005

2005/2006

guard/

ICRHlimiter

aux.limiter

hor.plate

lower PSL

roofbaffle

2006/2007(planned)

W-coating startingwith campaign

2003/2004

2004/2005

2005/2006

AUG operation 2006

Operation till 27 April: about 1/3 of program executed

EZ4 damaged (loss of electrical supply for control, no braking)

new CODAC commissioned - reduced cycle time <1.5ms - extended regime recognition & performance control - real-time diagnostics replaces CAMACs)

Significant overlap with W7-X CODAC (joint IPP project XDV)

Pellet Injection Systems: - centrifuge (HFS launch capability, variable pellet size, frequency & velocity) - blower gun (optimized for decoupling ELM pacing and refuelling)

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 3

Technical incident with EZ4 at 27.04.06

flywheel EZ4construction 1986, power 220 MVA, total weight ca. 160 t

number of pulses est. 75.100, operated for est. 7.900 h

flywheel generator

- operation will be resumed after careful assessment by external experts- technical tests with EZ3 in July ?

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 4

AUG uses three flywheel generators as power/energy source EZ2 (1.45 GJ / 167 MVA): toroidal field EZ3 (500 MJ /144 MVA) + EZ4 (650MJ/220MVA): OH, pol.field, add. heating

Present settings for PF coils: reduced power and energy with EZ3 alone allow only 15 % of the last 2000 # (Ip<800 kA, Padd<5 MW, <5 s)

Reduced max. coil voltages (except divertor coils) reduced reactive power consumption (speed)

about 50% of the last 2000 # are still possible Ip=800 kA, 5-10 MW, 5 s Ip= 1 MA, 5-7.5 MW, 3-4 s at lower dens.& triang.

W program (highest priority in 2007) nearly without restriction full ELM and disruption control program restricted high- discharges at low * and *

strongly reduced NTM stabilization schemes

the planned short-term investigations can be done with only minor restrictions medium-term the full power/energy supply is needed for all relevant ITER

work

Operation with reduced generator capacity (EZ2, EZ3)

0

5

10

15

20

EZ

3 (k

A)

0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2Ip(MA)

EZ3 > 11 kAEZ3 ≤ 11 kA

Limit: 11 kA

A.C. Sips, W. Suttrop

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 5

Influence of ECCD deposition width d on NTM stabilisation

narrow deposition d<W: - decisive is peak jCD I/d (maximal at tor = -5° /TORBEAM)

full stabilisation with dc ECCD at reduced P⇒ ECCD/PNBI

higher ⇒ N achievable at stabilisation broad deposition d > W: - reduces the stabilisation efficiency (experiment) - required current increases significantly for dc ECCD (theory) ⇒ modulated ECCD (at mode frequency / O-point injection) required for ITER

[M. Maraschek et al, PPCF, 2005]only partial dc stabilisation for d > Wdc stabilisation at ITER relevant conditions

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 6

Full stabilisation of (3,2) NTM with modulated ECCD (d>W)

ECCD modulated with phase from magn. signals with fmode < 30kHz reduced overall deposited ECCD power complete stabilisation at high N / <PECCD> ~ 4.0 MW-1

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 7

Combination of high power, flexible addititional heating, current and shaping capability, density operation up to Greenwald and long pulse length (> current diffusion time) allows unique exploration of advanced scenarios beyond ITER baseline Improved H-Mode in ITER allows Q>30 and / or pulselength above 1 h Improved H-Mode may allow even ‚steady state‘ in DEMO

Scenario development for ‚Improved H-Mode‘ (Hybrid mode)

4

open: <10E

closed: >10E

N

ITER

ITPA

i*

JET

DIII-DAUG

JT-60U

0

1

2

3

0 5e-3 1e-2 1.5e-2

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 8

Scenario development for ‚Improved H-Mode‘ (Hybrid mode)

early versus late heating

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 9

Scenario development for ‚Improved H-Mode‘ (Hybrid mode)

early versus late heating

pol

pol

Reich, Stober

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 10

(3,2) NTM stabilisation in improved H-mode (dc ECCD, d<W)

clear stabilisation with increasing / decreasing Bt ramp fishbones and sawteeth after stabilisation; good confinement H98-P=1.15 lowest achieved q95=2.9 for stabilised NTMs Maraschek, Stober

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 11

Fast particle losses caused by MHD activity

FILD spectrogram shows fast particle losses well correlated

with TAE activity (NBI, ICRH, ICRH beat waves)

- ICRH creates trapped fast particles

- vperp/v ~0.9,

energy up to several hundreds keV

- TAEs modify orbits of fast particles

Munoz, K. Sassenberg, PhD, Cork, Ireland

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 12

Fast particle losses caused by MHD activity

FILD spectrogram shows fast particle losses well correlated

with NTM activity

- slow MHD activity like NTM (~5-20 kHz, harmonics) induces fast particle losses

- decrease of losses observed when NTM is actively stabilized with ECCD- modulated NBI experiments allow for studying time scales of losses

Munoz, PhD

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 13

Main thrusts for AUG program 2007 w. full W coverage

Re-evaluation after 3 months of operation

I. W compatibility of ITER related scenarios - characterization of transition to a W machine - storage / release of noble gases - optimization of ICRH II. Extension of working space - radiatively cooled integrated scenarios - improved H-Mode (high low density)

III. Other ITER related physics investigations, compatible with above results and requirements

envisaged rel. weight(whole campaign)

priority

30%

20%

50%

Power / Energy Limits set by operation with EZ2/EZ3 only

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 14

Boundary conditions set by W-PFCs (to be refined):

- W concentration slowly increasing with coverage, saturation around 10-5 - reduced cW at relevant auxiliary heating power and densities

- carbon inventory decreasing

Needed for ITER compatible W concentration: density > 6e19/m³ (gas puff rate > 6e21/s) q-edge > 3.2 f(ELM) > 60 Hz ELM pacing dominant central heating Pheat< Pthreshold or Pheat> 2x Pthreshold

power/energy limits for upper divertor (5 MW 4s, 10MW 1s) monitoring of limiter & divertor glow (safety loops)

W concentration

line aveaged electron density

all dataq<3.5 andPICRH>1 MWq<3.5 andPICRH>1 MW (2005/06)

10-7

10-5

10-3

R. Neu, PSI06

IEA IA PolDiv ExCo-Meeting, Cadarache 28 June 2006 15

Consolidation of ITERStandard operation

Preparation of ITERAdvanced operation

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

LHCD (projected)

Tungsten Wall

ECRH Extension

Modular Flywheel Generator(s)

Internal Coils

Conducting shell

Design Construction Operation

Future AUG hardwre extensions