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ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES PRESENTATION TO CSCE CALGARY Henry Crawford, P.Eng. APRIL 21, 2011
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ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

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Page 1: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

ICEFIELDS PARKWAY

ROCK SLOPES

PRESENTATION TO

CSCE CALGARYHenry Crawford, P.Eng.

APRIL 21, 2011

Page 2: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

One of several contracts to twin Highway 1 through the

National Parks

Page 3: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

A Design-Build Project

Page 4: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Outline of Talk• Overview of Project• Investigation Phase• Rock Slope Design• Catchment Ditch Design• Other Design Issues• Commentary on D-B

Page 5: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Key PlayersOwner: Parks Canada

General Contractor: Graham Construction

Prime Consultant: CH2M Hill

Geotechnical Consultant:

Thurber Engineering

Page 6: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

The Project Included:

• 3.16 km of new carriageway

Page 7: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

• 2.5 km of new ramps

Page 8: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

• 233,000 m3 of excavation, including 158,000 m3 of rock excavation

Page 9: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

• New bridge at interchange

Page 10: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

• New bridge over Bow River

Page 11: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Bid Phase – Geotechnical Role• Review data/reports provided by Owner• Conduct preliminary site reconnaissance• Provide preliminary design recommendations

for contractor to price project• Very stressful!!

Page 12: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

After Project Award….

Or….

????

Page 13: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 14: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Detailed Design Phase• Conducted limited test pitting program

• Limited test hole drilling for the bridge structures

• No drilling of rock slopes

Page 15: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Detailed site reconnaissance / Geological mapping of bedrock exposures

Page 16: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

SITE GEOLOGY

• Precambrian Miette Group • Argillite (slatey), sandstone and

conglomerate• Strong bedding foliation in slate• Dips range from 60° to 70° to 20° to 25°• Some fold features observed

Page 17: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Rock Cut Slope Design• Map structural geology• Divide cut areas into segments with similar

rock structure• Kinematic stability analysis of each segment• Determine optimum slope angles based on

kinematically possible failure modes and risk tolerance / Owner’s criteria

Page 18: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Owner’s Criteria?• Keep rock exposures as natural as possible• No “half barrels”• No rock bolts• No wire mesh• No shotcrete• Low Maintenance

Page 19: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

The contractor wants to know….• Set Back• Slope Angle• Ditch Width• Volume!! ($$$)

Page 20: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 21: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Do you remember stereo-nets?

Page 22: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 23: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

North Slope Segment 5Planar Failure

Page 24: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

North Slope Segment 3 Toppling Failure

Page 25: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Rock Cut Ditch Catchment DesignEmpirical Methods

• Ritchie• Whiteside• ODOT

Modelling• Rocfall• CRSP

Page 26: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Example Design Charts

Page 27: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall)

Avoid intermediate benches!

Page 28: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

ODOT Study (1994)

Page 29: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

ODOTStudy

Page 30: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 31: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 32: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Construction Inspection• Periodic inspections only• Blasting• Scaling

Page 33: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Heading Here• Bodycopy here. Bodycopy here. Bodycopy

here.• Bodycopy here. Bodycopy here. Bodycopy

here.• Bodycopy here. Bodycopy here. Bodycopy

here.

Page 34: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 35: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 36: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 37: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 38: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 39: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 40: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 41: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 42: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 43: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction
Page 44: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Other Geotechnical Issues??

Page 45: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Piling Through Coarse River Gravels

Page 46: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

Pavement design for new carriageway and overlay section

Page 47: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

The Finished Product

Page 48: ICEFIELDS PARKWAY ROCK SLOPES - ucalgary.ca · Rocfall • CRSP. Example Design Charts. Rock Fall Modelling (RocFall) Avoid intermediate benches! ODOT Study (1994) ODOT Study. Construction

HAPPY EASTER!!