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Parameters ( unit ) Entire ( n=145 ) Superior ( n=80 ) Inferior ( n=65 )
SFJ ( m ) 11.07±0.98 11.56±0.76 *** 10.47±0.88
STJ ( m ) 6.43±0.68 6.75±0.50 *** 6.04±0.67
SLJ ( m ) 2.20±0.21 2.30±0.16 *** 2.09±0.20
CMJ h ( cm ) 44.7±7.2 47.8±5.4 *** 41.0±7.4
RJ index 1.96±0.45 2.13±0.44 *** 1.75±0.38
RJ h ( cm ) 33.9±6.0 36.5±5.5 *** 30.8±5.0
RJ ct ( s ) 0.177±0.026 0.175±0.028 0.179±0.024
F max ( Kg ) 211.5±42.3 218.0±39.5 * 203.5±44.4
SFJ: Standing five jump, STJ: Standing triple jump, SLJ: Standing long jump, CMJ h : Counter movement
jump height, RJ index : Rebound jump index, RJ h : Rebound jump height, RJ ct : Rebound jump contact time,
F max : Isometric maximum leg extension force.
Table 4 Means and standard deviations for several jump performance measures and isometric maximum leg extension force of the entire group, superior group and inferior group to sprinting ability
"Superior" significantly different from "Inferior" ( * p<0.05,
*** p<0.001)
7
2)疾走能力と SSC 運動能力および脚筋力との相互関係
Fig. 2 には,50 m 疾走速度と SSC 運動能力および脚筋力との相互関係を相関係数の高い順に示した.50 m
疾走速度と SSC 運動能力および脚筋力との相関係数は,立三段跳の跳躍距離 (r = 0.632, p < 0.001),立五段
跳の跳躍距離 (r = 0.630, p < 0.001),立幅跳の跳躍距離 (r = 0.612, p < 0.001),リバウンドジャンプの跳躍高
(r = 0.594, p < 0.001),垂直跳の跳躍高 (r = 0.588, p < 0.001),RJ index (r = 0.541, p < 0.001),脚筋力 (r = 0.238,
p < 0.05) およびリバウンドジャンプの接地時間 (r = - 0.156, NS) の順に高い値を示した.
プの跳躍高および RJ index は,いずれも区間疾走速度との間に高い相関関係を示して推移したが,脚筋力におい
ては 0 - 10 m 区間において,リバウンドジャンプの接地時間においては全ての区間において有意な相関関係を
認めることができなかった.
Fig. 2 Comparison of correlation coefficients between 50 m sprinting velocity and several parameters. STJ: Standing triple jump; SFJ: Standing five jump; SLJ: Standing long jump; RJ h : Rebound jump height; CMJ h : Counter movement jump height; RJ index : Rebound jump index; F max : Isometric maximum leg extension force; RJ ct : Rebound jump contact time.
STJ SFJ SLJ RJ h CMJ h RJ index F max
RJ ct Corr
elat
ion c
oeffic
ients
p < 0.05
p < 0.01
p < 0.001
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
-0.15
-0.10
0.00
-0.20
0.30
0.35
Fig. 2 Comparison of correlation coefficients between 50 m sprinting velocity and several parameters. STJ: Standing triple jump; SFJ: Standing five jump; SLJ: Standing long jump; RJ h : Rebound jump height; CMJ h : Counter movement jump height; RJ index : Rebound jump index; F max : Isometric maximum leg extension force; RJ ct : Rebound jump contact time.
STJ SFJ SLJ RJ h CMJ h RJ index F max
RJ ct Corr
elat
ion c
oeffic
ients
p < 0.05
p < 0.01
p < 0.001
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
-0.15
-0.10
0.00
-0.20
0.30
0.35
8
Fig. 3 Changes in correlation coefficients between sprinting velocity at 10m intervals and several parameters. (◆) : Standing five jump; (◇): Standing triple jump; (■): Standing long jump; (□): Counter movement jump height; (●): Rebound jump index; (○): Rebound jump height; (△): Rebound jump contact time; (▲): Isometric maximum leg extension force.
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
20 30 40 50
STJ
SFJ SLJ
RJ h CMJ h
RJ index F max
RJ ct
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
Corr
elat
ion c
oef
fici
ents
p < 0.05
p < 0.01
p < 0.001
p < 0.05
p < 0.01
p < 0.001
-0.10
-0.20
-0.10
-0.20 p < 0.05
20 30 40 50 10
Distance ( m ) Distance ( m )
10
Fig. 3 Changes in correlation coefficients between sprinting velocity at 10m intervals and several parameters. (◆) : Standing five jump; (◇): Standing triple jump; (■): Standing long jump; (□): Counter movement jump height; (●): Rebound jump index; (○): Rebound jump height; (△): Rebound jump contact time; (▲): Isometric maximum leg extension force.
Age ( yr ) 15.6±0.3 15.6±0.2 15.8±0.2 15.6±0.3 15.6±0.3
Body height ( cm ) 168.4±5.70 170.5±4.80 170.8±7.10 165.6±5.50 166.7±4.30
Body mass ( kg ) 58.1±8.1 58.1±6.7 60.1±9.1 57.7±6.9 57.0±9.6
Table 6 Means and standard deviations for characteristics of subject.
GⅠ: SFJ and RJ index are superior, GⅡ: SFJ is superior and RJ index is inferior, GⅢ: SFJ is inferior and RJ index is superior,
GⅣ: SFJ and RJ index are inferior
Fig. 4 Relation between standing five jump and RJ index . The classification according to the jumping ability was based on the mean of standing five jump and RJ index .
Standing five jump ( m )
RJ i
ndex
GⅠ
GⅡ
GⅢ
GⅣ
y = 0.1855x - 0.0304
n = 59 r = 0.426 p < 0.001
1.4
1.7
2.0
2.3
2.6
2.9
9.8 10.3 10.8 11.3 11.8 12.3 12.8
Fig. 4 Relation between standing five jump and RJ index . The classification according to the jumping ability was based on the mean of standing five jump and RJ index .
Standing five jump ( m )
RJ i
ndex
GⅠ GⅠ
GⅡ GⅡ
GⅢ GⅢ
GⅣ GⅣ
y = 0.1855x - 0.0304
n = 59 r = 0.426 p < 0.001
1.4
1.7
2.0
2.3
2.6
2.9
9.8 10.3 10.8 11.3 11.8 12.3 12.8
10
4)統計処理
本研究で用いた数値は,全て平均±標準偏差で示した.RJ index と立五段跳の跳躍距離との関係については,
Fig. 5 Comparison of jumping performances by difference of achievement ability of the stretch – shortening cycle movement. *** < 0.001
GⅠ
Sta
ndi
ng fiv
e ju
mp ( m
)
***
***
***
***
GⅡ GⅢ GⅣ
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
RJ i
ndex
***
*** *** ***
GⅠ GⅡ GⅢ GⅣ
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.7
Fig. 5 Comparison of jumping performances by difference of achievement ability of the stretch – shortening cycle movement. *** < 0.001
GⅠ
Sta
ndi
ng fiv
e ju
mp ( m
)
***
***
***
***
GⅡ GⅢ GⅣ
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
RJ i
ndex
***
*** *** ***
GⅠ GⅡ GⅢ GⅣ
1.2
1.5
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.7
Fig. 6 Comparison of 50 m mean sprinting velocity by difference of achievement ability of the stretch – shortening cycle movement. * < 0.05, *** < 0.001
***
*
*
Mean
spri
nti
ng
velo
city
( m
・s -1 )
6.0
6.2
6.5
6.7
7.0
7.2
GⅠ GⅡ GⅢ GⅣ
Fig. 6 Comparison of 50 m mean sprinting velocity by difference of achievement ability of the stretch – shortening cycle movement. * < 0.05, *** < 0.001
る 10 m 区間毎の疾走速度を分けて示した.0 - 10 m 区間の疾走速度は,GⅢ,GⅠ,GⅡおよび GⅣの順に高
い値を示すが,10 - 20 m 区間から 40 - 50 m 区間では GⅠ,GⅡ,GⅢおよび GⅣの順に高い値を示した.GⅠ
と GⅣとの比較では,全ての区間において GⅠの疾走速度が GⅣより高い値を示し,20 – 30 m 区間を除く全て
の区間において有意な差が認められた.一方,GⅡと GⅢとの比較では,0 - 10 m 区間において GⅢの疾走速
度が GⅡより有意に高い値を示したが,10 - 20 m 区間以降は GⅡの疾走速度が GⅢより高い値を示した.
Fig. 7 Comparison of maximum accerelation and maximum sprinting velocity by difference of achievement ability of the stretch – shortening cycle movement. * < 0.05, ** < 0.01, *** < 0.001
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
Max
imum
sprinting
accre
lation (
m・s
-2 )
GⅠ GⅡ GⅢ GⅣ
6.8
7.1
7.4
7.7
8.0
8.3
Max
imum
sprinting
velo
city
( m
・s -1 )
GⅠ GⅡ GⅢ GⅣ
*
*
***
**
Fig. 7 Comparison of maximum accerelation and maximum sprinting velocity by difference of achievement ability of the stretch – shortening cycle movement. * < 0.05, ** < 0.01, *** < 0.001
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
Max
imum
sprinting
accre
lation (
m・s
-2 )
GⅠ GⅡ GⅢ GⅣ
6.8
7.1
7.4
7.7
8.0
8.3
Max
imum
sprinting
velo
city
( m
・s -1 )
GⅠ GⅡ GⅢ GⅣ
*
*
***
**
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
Max
imum
sprinting
accre
lation (
m・s
-2 )
GⅠ GⅡ GⅢ GⅣ
6.8
7.1
7.4
7.7
8.0
8.3
Max
imum
sprinting
velo
city
( m
・s -1 )
GⅠ GⅡ GⅢ GⅣ
*
*
***
**
Fig. 8 Comparison of sprinting velocity curve by difference of achievement ability of the stretch –
Fig. 9 Comparison of 50 m mean sprinting velocity in each training group. * p<0.05
Mea
n s
printing
velo
city
( m
・s -1 )
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
* *
Ply
om
etrics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
ple
x tr
aini
ng
Con
trol
Fig. 9 Comparison of 50 m mean sprinting velocity in each training group. * p<0.05
Mea
n s
printing
velo
city
( m
・s -1 )
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
* *
Ply
om
etrics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
ple
x tr
aini
ng
Con
trol
Mea
n s
printing
velo
city
( m
・s -1 )
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
* *
Ply
om
etrics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
ple
x tr
aini
ng
Con
trol
Fig. 10 Comparison of maximal accerelation and maximal sprinting velocity in each training group. ** p<0.01
1.8
2.2
2.6
3.0
3.4
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
9.5
Ply
om
etrics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
ple
x t
rain
ing
Contr
ol
Ply
om
etrics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
ple
x tr
ainin
g
Contr
ol
Max
imal
acc
erel
atio
n (
m・s
-2 )
Max
imal
sprinting
vel
oci
ty (
m・s
-1 )
**
Fig. 10 Comparison of maximal accerelation and maximal sprinting velocity in each training group. ** p<0.01
1.8
2.2
2.6
3.0
3.4
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
9.5
Ply
om
etrics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
ple
x t
rain
ing
Contr
ol
Ply
om
etrics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
ple
x tr
ainin
g
Contr
ol
Max
imal
acc
erel
atio
n (
m・s
-2 )
Max
imal
sprinting
vel
oci
ty (
m・s
-1 )
**
15
* *
Plyometrics ( n = 20 )
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
10 20 30 40 50
Sprint
ing
velo
city
( m
・s -1 )
0
Resistance training ( n = 21 )
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
10 20 30 40 50 0
Complex training ( n = 27 )
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
10 20 30 40 50
Sprint
ing
velo
city
( m
・s -1 )
Distance ( m )
0
Control ( n = 29 )
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
10 20 30 40 50
Distance ( m )
0
Fig. 11 Changes in sprinting velocity at 10 m intervals of each training group. The dotted line indicates pre-training, and the solid line indicates post-training. * p<0.05
* *
Plyometrics ( n = 20 )
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
10 20 30 40 50
Sprint
ing
velo
city
( m
・s -1 )
0
Resistance training ( n = 21 )
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
10 20 30 40 50 0
Complex training ( n = 27 )
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
10 20 30 40 50
Sprint
ing
velo
city
( m
・s -1 )
Distance ( m )
0
Control ( n = 29 )
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
10 20 30 40 50
Distance ( m )
0
Fig. 11 Changes in sprinting velocity at 10 m intervals of each training group. The dotted line indicates pre-training, and the solid line indicates post-training. * p<0.05
16
25
30
35
40
45
Reb
ound
jum
p h
eigh
t ( cm
)
25
35
45
55
65
Count
er m
ove
men
t ju
mp
( cm
)
*
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
RJ i
ndex
* *
Ply
ometr
ics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
ple
x tr
ainin
g
Contr
ol
Pre - training
Post - training
Ply
ometr
ics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
ple
x tr
ainin
g
Contr
ol
0.04
0.10
0.16
0.22
0.28
Reb
ound
jum
p c
onta
ct t
ime
( s
)
*
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
Sta
ndi
ng
long
jum
p ( m
)
Fig. 12 Comparison of both legs simultaneous jump parameters in each
training group. * p<0.05
25
30
35
40
45
Reb
ound
jum
p h
eigh
t ( cm
)
25
35
45
55
65
Count
er m
ove
men
t ju
mp
( cm
)
*
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
RJ i
ndex
* *
Ply
ometr
ics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
ple
x tr
ainin
g
Contr
ol
Pre - training
Post - training
Pre - training
Post - training
Ply
ometr
ics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
ple
x tr
ainin
g
Contr
ol
0.04
0.10
0.16
0.22
0.28
Reb
ound
jum
p c
onta
ct t
ime
( s
)
*
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
Sta
ndi
ng
long
jum
p ( m
)
Fig. 12 Comparison of both legs simultaneous jump parameters in each
training group. * p<0.05
17
Sta
ndin
g t
riple
jum
p ( m
)
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
Sta
ndin
g five
jum
p (
m )
* Ply
ometr
ics
Resi
stan
ce t
rain
ing
Com
ple
x t
rain
ing
Contr
ol
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
** **
Ply
om
etrics
Resi
stan
ce t
rain
ing
Com
ple
x t
rain
ing
Contr
ol
Fig. 13 Comparison of one leg alternation jump parameters in each training group. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01
Pre - training
Post - training
Sta
ndin
g t
riple
jum
p ( m
)
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
Sta
ndin
g five
jum
p (
m )
* Ply
ometr
ics
Resi
stan
ce t
rain
ing
Com
ple
x t
rain
ing
Contr
ol
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
** **
Ply
om
etrics
Resi
stan
ce t
rain
ing
Com
ple
x t
rain
ing
Contr
ol
Fig. 13 Comparison of one leg alternation jump parameters in each training group. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01
Pre - training
Post - training
Pre - training
Post - training
Fig. 14 Comparison of isometric leg force in each training group.
100
150
200
250
300
Isom
etric
leg
forc
e ( K
g )
Ply
omet
rics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
plex
tra
inin
g
Con
trol
Pre - training
Post - training
Fig. 14 Comparison of isometric leg force in each training group.
100
150
200
250
300
Isom
etric
leg
forc
e ( K
g )
Ply
omet
rics
Res
ista
nce
tra
inin
g
Com
plex
tra
inin
g
Con
trol
Fig. 14 Comparison of isometric leg force in each training group.
Fig. 15 Correlation analyses among the most important determinants of sprinting performance in the present study. STJ: Standing triple jump; SFJ: Standing five jump; SLJ: Standing long jump; RJ h : Rebound jump height; CMJ h : Counter movement jump height; RJ index : Rebound jump index; F max : Isometric maximum leg extension force.
The achievement ability of the both legs simultaneous SSC exercise
( SLJ, RJ h , CMJ h and RJ index )
Maximum leg extension force with squat posture
( F max )
Sprinting performance
r = 0.125 - 0.292
r = 0.510 - 0.896
r = 0.630 - 0.632
Acceleration sprinting ability
Maximum sprinting ability
Integrated sprinting ability
The achievement ability of the one leg alternation SSC exercise
( STJ and SFJ )
Fig. 15 Correlation analyses among the most important determinants of sprinting performance in the present study. STJ: Standing triple jump; SFJ: Standing five jump; SLJ: Standing long jump; RJ h : Rebound jump height; CMJ h : Counter movement jump height; RJ index : Rebound jump index; F max : Isometric maximum leg extension force.
The achievement ability of the both legs simultaneous SSC exercise
( SLJ, RJ h , CMJ h and RJ index )
Maximum leg extension force with squat posture
( F max )
Sprinting performance
r = 0.125 - 0.292
r = 0.510 - 0.896
r = 0.630 - 0.632
Acceleration sprinting ability
Maximum sprinting ability
Integrated sprinting ability
The achievement ability of the one leg alternation SSC exercise
( STJ and SFJ )
20
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