ICAO Radio Spectrum SeminarMID Office, Cairo, 4 – 6 June 20061 Implementation of ICAO Systems Prepared by Torsten Jacob ICAO ANB/CNS.

ICAO Radio Spectrum Seminar MID Office, Cairo, 4 – 6 June 2006 1

Implementation ofICAO Systems

Implementation ofICAO Systems

Prepared by Torsten Jacob

ICAO ANB/CNS


IntroductionIntroduction

Overview of recent developments in the modernization of air navigation systems for communication, navigation and surveillance

Comparative analysis of regional developments in air navigation systems


CommunicationCommunication

Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) - Draft Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) and a UAT Manual with detailed technical specifications and implementation guidance were developed

Draft AMS(R)S SARPs - generic requirements for the aeronautical mobile satellite service

Internet protocol suite (IPS) in the aeronautical telecommunication network (ATN)

Future communication study Guidelines on the Use of the Public Internet for

Aeronautical Applications (Doc 9855)


NavigationNavigation

SARPs for the GNSS ground-based regional augmentation system (GRAS)

Development and validation of SARPs for new and/or enhanced GNSS elements and signals of performance requirements and SARPs for more demanding GNSS applications (e.g. precision approaches for CAT II/III operations)

Studies of interference to GNSS signals and mitigation methods, including the assessment of ionospheric effects


SurveillanceSurveillance

Draft manual on airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS)

Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) - Draft Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) and a UAT Manual with detailed technical specifications and implementation guidance were developed

Development of a new version of extended squitter messages (1090ES “Version 1”) in support of ADS-B and TIS-B


Regional developmentsRegional developmentsCOMMUNICATION

No. System ASIA/PAC AFI EUR CAR/SAM MID NAM NAT

1

Aeronautical telecommunication network (ATN) (subnetworks, end-systems and intermediate systems and applications such as ATS message handling system (AMHS) and ATS interfacility data communications (AIDC).

ATN transition plan developed for ground-ground application, namely ATN router and AMHS.

ATN implementation – Under study. Focus is more on improving current circuits with long-term plans for migrating to AMHS and AIDC.

ATN transition planning deferred until operational requirements established. Preoperational trials – In progress.

ATN transition plan – Under review. Deployment of ATN routers to implement ground-ground applications (AMHS and AIDC) – Under consideration.

Current AFTN circuits being improved for transition to ATN.

ATN transition plan developed with focus on ground-ground applications. Test, development and validation phases completed. Operational implementation – Under review.

Investigation of operational ATN data link scenarios in Region, with focus on air-ground applications – In progress.

Link 2000 programme will gradually introduce operational applications over air/ ground (A/G) ATN on VDL2 from 2003 to 2010.

Studies are being carried out to achieve interoperability of CAR and SAM ground-ground networks as a regional digital platform to facilitate ATN backbone.

Guiding principles being prepared for ground-ground applications, namely AMHS and AIDC. Document on interface control document (ICD) for AIDC − Under development.

First AMHS established between Bangkok and Hong Kong 15 June 2004. The first ATS MHS operational between Japan and USA on 15 Mar. 2005.

An AMHS system – Under implementation in Argentina.

Several interface control documents (ICDs) developed to ensure harmonization and to facilitate the implementation.

A comprehensive common ICAO data interchange network (CIDIN) operates within the AFTN infrastructure.

Pending availability of AIDC infrastructure, some States considering implementing on-line data interchange (OLDI).


COMMUNICATION


2

Air-ground communication infrastructure

Further improvements made in VHF voice in continental and terminal areas. VHF data link used for D-FIS including D-ATIS, D-VOLMET and CPDLC.

VHF voice provided in continental and terminal areas.

Implementation of air-ground data link services planned for 2002-2007.

VHF voice provided in continental and terminal areas. HF voice provided in oceanic areas. VHF/AMS have been improved.

VHF voice provided in continental and terminal areas. VDL being studied.

VDL Mode 2, HFDL and AMSS implementation planned to support CPDLC applications – Ongoing.

HF is main communication, and already saturated with difficulty of obtaining additional frequencies. Use of SATCOM voice for routine ATS being considered.

AMSS data (for ADS and CPDLC using FANS-1/A) used in oceanic and remote areas; AMSS voice used for non-routine & emergency communications.

Extension of VHF coverage to en-route areas – In progress in several FIRs.

Horizontal expansion of 8.33 kHz channel spacing from 7 to 29 States – Implemented 31 Oct. 2002.

Several States are implementing ACARS/FANS-1A and planning VDL Mode 2 to support CPDLC and D-ATIS.

AMSS for data and voice in oceanic and remote areas used.

Trials to use CPDLC based on FANS-1/A for routine communications being carried out.

SSR Mode S data link for high-density airspace being planned.

HF voice provided in most of FIRs. CPDLC based on FANS-1/A being used.

Vertical expansion of 8.33 kHz channel spacing from FL 245 to FL 195 planned for 2006.

SSR Mode S data link in some airspace being planned. CAR/SAM regional strategy for air ground data link implementation was developed.

SSR Mode S data link for high-density airspace being considered.

3

Ground-ground communication infrastructure

Some States have implemented digital networks using cooperative approach. Other States also considering upgrading

3 major satellite networks provided in States of the Region, namely AFISNET, Southern African Development Community (SADC) and CAFSAT. Another satellite network (NAFISAT)

Many States upgraded to digital networks.

Number of digital networks implemented in the Regions. Additional interconnectivity points for regional and interregional digital networks being implemented with aim of achieving interoperability of

Feasibility study of the MID VSAT was updated and final document was released to States. .

CAN/MEX/USA States implemented digital ground-ground networks.

Well developed. Many States upgraded to digital networks.

Regional developmentsRegional developments


Regional developmentsRegional developmentsNAVIGATION


1 Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)

Transition to WGS-84 – Nearing completion. .

Transition to WGS-84 – In progress.

Transition to WGS-84 – Ongoing.

Considerable progress achieved for WGS-84 implementation.

Transition to WGS-84 – In progress. 5 States completed implementation and 5 States implemented WGS-84 for horizontal plan.

Transition to WGS-84 − Completed in Canada and United States; Mexico – In progress.

Transition to WGS-84 – Completed.

Strategy for GNSS implementation updated and adopted. Checklist to assist GNSS implementation, developed by APANPIRG, used by States for implementation.

GNSS strategy adopted.

Launching “Galileo”, a new constellation of navigation satellites, decided by the European Council 26 Mar. 2002 with full operation capability 2008.

Strategy for implementation of GNSS adopted.

Strategy for implementation of GNSS − Adopted.

GNSS/GPS strategy adopted for NPA and APV.

.

MTSAT satellite-based augmentation system (MSAS) being developed with target date of commissioning with 1 satellite in 2005 and 2 satellites in 2006. Technology demonstration system (TDS) of GPS & GEO augmentation system (GANGAN) in India will be completed by mid-2006, and target date for FOC is 2008.

Satellite-based augmentation system (EGNOS) being developed.

SBAS test bed in cooperation with EGNOS and WAAS being developed. Pre-operational model of SBAS – Under study as a basis for the future operational system. Ionospheric model – Under study in order to apply the NPA Operation with SBAS test bed.

SBAS test bed, in cooperation with EGNOS, carried out. SBAS test bed based on WAAS − Planned.

SBAS based in United States (WAAS) was commissioned 10 July 2003 for initial operating capability. FAA has implemented more than 12 000 GPS NPA, more than 3 600 LNAV/GPS procedures, more than 700 APV (based on Baro-VNAV), and over 90 LPVs.

SBAS test bed in cooperation with EGNOS implemented. Operational SBAS being developed. Development of harmonized GNSS/NPA procedures for SADC States – Completed Dec. 2001, and for ASECNA States 2002. Plans for other FIRs – Under consideration.

Several CAR and SAM States have implemented GNSS/GPS NPA.

GNSS approach implementation programme initiated by all 3 States; GNSS augmentation system agreements completed for future expansion of GNSS.


NAVIGATION


GNSS is used for oceanic and remote continental areas for en-route operations and NPA as supplemental means.

GNSS being used for oceanic and continental en-route operations.

GNSS is being used for continental en-route operations.


GNSS being used for continental en-route and NPA operations.


GNSS being used for oceanic en-route operations.



SURVEILLANCE


1 Secondary surveillance radar (SSR) Modes A/C and SSR Mode S

Currently, SSR Modes A/C employed.

Surveillance in most FIRs is through pilot voice position reporting.

Currently, SSR Modes A/C employed.

Currently, SSR Modes A/C employed. Some States are introducing Mode S. ORCAM system is implemented.

Region well covered by radars (PSR/SSR Mode A/C).

Substantial improvements achieved in en-route area with upgrading of radar systems. In areas of Gulf of Mexico & Northern Canada, surveillance restricted to position reports sent by pilots via air-ground communications.

Surveillance in most of NAT Region is via position reports using HF voice approx. every 10 degrees of longitude.

En-route aeronautical surveillance plan with SSR requirements included in AFI FASID.

Originating region code assignment method (ORCAM) code management extended to entire Region.

Established use of ASTERIX protocol for SSR data sharing.

SSR Mode S being implemented in some terminal areas and high-density en-route.

PSR and SSR Mode A/C employed in some busy terminals and for en-route operations.

SSR Mode S in some terminal areas and high-density en-route planned for implementation: a) basic Mode S in 2003 to 2007; b) enhanced Mode S in 2007 to 2012.

Implementation of SSR Mode S in some terminal areas and high-density en-route areas – Ongoing.

SSR Mode S planned for some terminal and high-density en-route areas in 2006.

Agreement reached between Canada, Mexico and United States to implement SSR Mode S.



Regional developmentsRegional developmentsSURVEILLANCE


2 Automatic dependent surveillance (ADS)

ADS/CPDLC services (using FANS-1/A) operational in PAC Region. ADS/CPDLC operational trial for Bay of Bengal commenced Feb. 2004, expand to Arabian Sea.

ADS will be used for low-density, remote and oceanic airspace as well as outside SSR coverage. ADS/CPDLC services operational in Johannesburg Oceanic FIR.

ADS will be used in some parts of the Region.

ADS will be used initially for oceanic airspace and, later, in remote areas.

ADS will be used initially for oceanic airspace and, later, in remote areas and possibly, in 2006, as back-up to SSR in high-density traffic areas.

ADS will be used in oceanic or remote areas; however, further review needed for continental domestic airspace areas.

To improve surveillance, the regional plan specifies ADS over the ATN. Meanwhile, provisions have been made to utilize FANS-1/A-equipped aircraft.

ADS deployment in oceanic part of Brazil initiated. Trial in Chile − In progress, ADS implementation in SAT Region planned for 2006.

ADS – Implemented in Atlantic FIR of Brazil.

ADS – To be implemented by end 2005 in terrestrial and oceanic areas in Chile.

APANPIRG agreed to use of FANS 1/A Operations Manual by States as the basis for ADS and CPDLC operations, in conjunction with Annex 10, Vol. II, PANS/ATM and regional guidance material.

ADS trials – In progress in SAT Region and Algiers FIR.

ADS and other data link technologies being used for waypoint position reporting.



SURVEILLANCE


3

Automatic dependent surveillance — broadcast (ADS-B)

In December 2004, Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) approved 5 NM separation based on ADS-B 1 090 MHz Extended Squitter (ES) surveillance data. Australia plans to install 28 ADS-B ground stations providing coverage to 99 per cent of the continent above flight level (FL) 300. Trial in Hong Kong, China, Japan, Singapore and Mongolia – In progress.

To be determined. 1 090 MHz Extended Squitter proposed for regional adoption.

To be determined.

ADS-B deployment in Mexico completed. Trinidad and Tobago planned. Trials in some other Caribbean States − In progress. Implementation plan of ADS-B in CAR/SAM Regions – Under study.

To be determined.

Agreement reached between Canada, Mexico and United States to implement ADS-B from Jan. 2007. In January 2001, using universal access transceiver (UAT) technology, United States implemented ADS-B radar-like services in Bethel Alaska, expanding this in Aug. 2002 to a larger area of south-western Alaska. Implementation in southeast Alaska – Planned.

Will be part of future plan.

1 090 MHz Extended Squitter adopted for ADS-B link for near-term air-ground surveillance service.

ADS-B air-ground surveillance expected to be implemented on subregional basis commencing 2006.

Mode S squitter related applications from 2007.

Mode S extended squitter as the data link for near-term ADS-B implementation was selected by States.

Mode S extended squitter as the data link for near-term ADS-B implementation was selected by States.


Thank You

Any questions?

ICAO Radio Spectrum SeminarMID Office, Cairo, 4 – 6 June 20061 Implementation of ICAO Systems Prepared by Torsten Jacob ICAO ANB/CNS.

Documents

regional developments

implementation of icao

tisb slide

navigation sarps

uat manual

validation of sarps

recommended practices

surveillance draft manual