IBM i: Basic system operations

IBM i7.2

Basic system operations

IBM

Note

Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page71.

© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1998, 2014.US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract withIBM Corp.

Contents

Basic system operations........................................................................................ 1PDF file for Basic system operations...........................................................................................................1Overview of basic system operations..........................................................................................................2

Using system interfaces......................................................................................................................... 2Working with devices..............................................................................................................................3Working with printer output................................................................................................................... 4

Managing printer output................................................................................................................... 4Starting printers................................................................................................................................ 5Starting a printer from System i Navigator.......................................................................................5

Working with storage..............................................................................................................................5Working with the control panel.............................................................................................................. 6

Control panel concepts..................................................................................................................... 6Types of control panels............................................................................................................... 6Control panel functions............................................................................................................... 8Control panel buttons, lights, and indicators........................................................................... 12

Setting up your control panel......................................................................................................... 14Accessing control panel functions................................................................................................. 15Instructions and descriptions for control panel functions............................................................ 17

Normal control panel functions................................................................................................ 17Extended control panel functions.............................................................................................24Low-level debug panel functions 57 through 70......................................................................26

Using remote control panel APIs................................................................................................... 27System power and test APIs.....................................................................................................28IPL-related APIs........................................................................................................................ 29Other system function APIs...................................................................................................... 33APIs that check the system status........................................................................................... 34

Starting and stopping the system..............................................................................................................37Starting the system.............................................................................................................................. 37

Starting the system without making configuration changes (unattended IPL).............................37Changing the system during IPL (attended IPL)............................................................................ 38

Attended IPL displays............................................................................................................... 39Changing your system IPL from the control panel.........................................................................41

IPL type......................................................................................................................................42Operating mode of an IPL......................................................................................................... 43Changing operating modes and IPL types................................................................................44Changing system values during IPL.......................................................................................... 44

Changing the IPL startup program................................................................................................. 45Source for CL startup program..................................................................................................45Startup program to set the (QSTRUPPGM) system value........................................................ 46

Scheduling a system shutdown and restart...................................................................................47Displaying the power-on and power-off schedule................................................................... 47Changing power-on and power-off schedule defaults.............................................................47Changing the power-on and power-off schedule for a single event........................................ 48Solving problems with the automatic power schedule............................................................ 48

Causes of abnormal IPLs................................................................................................................ 49Signing on to the system...................................................................................................................... 49

Signing on to the system using System i Navigator....................................................................... 49Signing on to the system using the character-based interface..................................................... 49Changing your password.................................................................................................................50

Changing the system password................................................................................................ 50Bypassing the system password...............................................................................................51

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Stopping the system.............................................................................................................................51Turning off the system immediately...............................................................................................53Using the Power button.................................................................................................................. 54

System values that control IPL............................................................................................................ 54IBM i concepts........................................................................................................................................... 57

Messages.............................................................................................................................................. 58IBM i commands...................................................................................................................................58Security and user authority..................................................................................................................60

Authority to access objects............................................................................................................ 60Security levels.................................................................................................................................61User profiles....................................................................................................................................61Authorization lists........................................................................................................................... 62

Files and file systems........................................................................................................................... 62IBM i restricted state............................................................................................................................63Jobs...................................................................................................................................................... 64Subsystems, job queues, and memory pools......................................................................................65Objects..................................................................................................................................................66Logs and journals..................................................................................................................................66Software fixes....................................................................................................................................... 67

Printing the system configuration list........................................................................................................67Analyzing and reporting system problems................................................................................................68Related information for basic system operations..................................................................................... 69

Notices................................................................................................................71Programming interface information.......................................................................................................... 72Trademarks................................................................................................................................................ 72Terms and conditions.................................................................................................................................73

Terms and conditions...........................................................................................75

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Basic system operationsMany of the functions and features of the IBM® i platform are specific to IBM and the IBM i operatingsystem, and might not be familiar to you. This information introduces some of the key concepts and basicsystem operation tasks, such as using system interfaces; working with devices, printer output, and thecontrol panel; and turning on or turning off the system.

Many of these topics provide an introduction and example, and then suggest further resources for moredetailed or advanced information.

Note: By using the code examples, you agree to the terms of the “Code license and disclaimerinformation” on page 69.

PDF file for Basic system operationsYou can view and print a PDF file of this information.

To view or download the PDF version of this document, select Basic system operations (about 565 KB).

You can view or download this related topic collection:

• Storage solutions (177 KB) contains the following topics:

– Objects– Disks– Tapes– Optical– Storage area networks

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Related referenceRelated information for basic system operations

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IBM Redbooks publications and other information center topic collections contain information that relatesto the Basic system operations topic collection. You can view or print any of the PDF files.

Overview of basic system operationsThe IBM i platform is built to require only minimal effort to keep it running reliably, and most of the routineoperations are performed quickly and easily when you are familiar with them. Use this information to getto know about some of the common system tasks.

Using system interfacesDepending on the type of connection to the system and the task you need to perform, several options areavailable for system interfaces. You can access and use your system by the System i® Navigator interface,by the character-based interface, and by wireless clients.

You can access the system from character-based interfaces on an attached console or emulator sessionand from the graphical user interface in System i Navigator. The interface you need to use depends onyour connection type to the system and the task you need to perform. This topic describes how to accessthe system from the character-based interface and discusses some functions of this access method.

Character-based interfaceThe character-based interface, available from most emulator sessions or consoles, might seem unfamiliarto people without any experience in the IBM i operating system.

The character-based interface is available from most consoles and emulator sessions connected to asystem, and provides more functions than any other interface. While this type of interface might beunfamiliar at first, it includes several methods for helping new users, and a menu-based hierarchy of tasksto make finding specific functions simple.

The character-based interface includes three primary displays: navigational, input, and informational.The navigational display typically consists of a list of menu options and a command line. You can usethis display to find information or tasks on the operating system, and to enter control language (CL)commands. Input displays are available when the operating system requires information from you. Usethis display to enter or change information. Informational displays provide system information and do notallow any interaction.

Finding functions or tasksAll system tasks are organized into categories accessible through the main menu. You can enter menuselections to move through this hierarchy until you find the task you are looking for. Different users mighthave different menu options available to them, depending on the security strategy and on the restrictionsset by the system administrator and the active user profile. When you have found a menu option youneed to use, you can enter commands at the Selection or Command prompt located at the bottom of thedisplay. Many menu displays have a name listed in the top-left corner of the display. You can use the GOcommand followed by the name of the menu to access the menu display. For example, GO JOB instructsthe operating system to display the Jobs menu.

2 IBM i: Basic system operations

Getting helpThe character-based interface provides several methods for assisting users. First, online help is availablefor many displays by pressing the help or F1 key. You can often get help with a particular field or itemby placing your cursor on it and then pressing the help or F1 key. When you are entering data, you canalso get help by entering a ? in a data field. Finally, the amount and type of information displayed on thedisplay can be controlled by changing the assistance level. The assistance level determines what versionof a display you see. Many system displays have two different versions:

• A basic assistance level version, which contains less information and does not use technicalterminology.

• An intermediate-assistance level version, which shows more information and uses technical terms.

Some fields or functions are available only on a particular version of a display. The instructions tell youwhich version to use. To change from one assistance level to another, use F21 (Select assistance level).F21 is not available from all displays.

Related conceptsIBM i commandsThe operating system uses control language (CL) commands to interpret instructions from users. Youneed to know the basic rules for using CL, and how to get detailed help for any CL command.

Working with devicesMost of the peripheral equipment attached to the IBM i platform is considered a device. Every device inthe system has a current status. From System i Navigator, you can work with devices.

A device is a piece of equipment that is connected to your system. Most hardware, including internalprocessors, ports and adapters, drives, communications hardware, workstations, and printers, areconsidered devices. The operating system organizes these devices by their type, such as workstationor optical drive, and identifies specific devices by their resource name. For most internal devices, likeprocessors, adapters, and ports, the operating system automatically assigns the resource name. For mostexternal devices and some internal storage devices, the IBM i platform manages communication withthe device through a device controller. Most devices managed through a controller have resource namesdefined by their device description. You can use the device type to learn its resource name, physicallocation, current status, and other information.

Every device in the system has a current status that describes whether it is turned on, and whetherit is currently communicating with the system. Before a device can function, both this device and alldevices connecting it to the system must be varied on (operational) and functioning. For example, if a

Basic system operations 3

communication line or network adapter is varied off, any device attached to the system through thosedevices cannot function.

Most devices have the following possible types of status.

Table 1. Possible types of status for most devices

Status Description

Varied off The operating system has disabled the device, and it must be varied on again beforecommunicating with the system.

Varied on(Operational)

The operating system has enabled communications with the device, and is waiting forcommunications.

Pending The operating system is attempting to enable communications with the device.

Active The device is currently busy communicating with the system, and cannot be varied off.

Other types of status are possible for some specific device types, or to indicate a specific problem. Forexample, a workstation that is waiting for a user to sign on will have a status of Signon display, and adevice that the operating system is unable to locate will have a status of Resource not detected.

Viewing and managing devicesOn System i Navigator, you can display the current status, physical location, and configuration informationfor devices. To work with devices in System i Navigator, expand Configuration and Service and selectHardware. To display detailed information about the device, including its model, type and serial number,physical location in the system, and logical address, right-click the device and select Properties.Additionally, System i Navigator provides many functions for managing tape devices, disk units, and pools.See the online help in System i Navigator for more information.

To change the status or properties of a device, you must use the character-based interface and type godevice from any command line.

Related informationLocal Device Configuration PDF

Working with printer outputMany jobs on the IBM i operating system result in printer output. You can find, track, and manage printeroutput across the system.

Many jobs generate output that requires printing. The operating system handles this by creating spooledfiles that contain the document data and processing instructions for the print job. After creating thespooled files, the operating system sends them to an output queue. Similar to a job queue, output queueshold many spooled files until a printer becomes available. The output queue that the operating systemsends the spooled file to varies according to the job attributes, user profile, and workstation settings.Before any of the spooled files can be printed, a printer device must be varied on, and a print writerstarted. The print writer is an IBM i function that runs for each active printer on the system. When started,the print writer watches the specified output queue (or queues) and sends the spooled files to its printer.

Related conceptsBasic printing

Managing printer outputFrom System i Navigator, you can find and manage printer output from two locations: basic operationsand work management.


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• To see a list of spooled files waiting specifically for printing, expand Basic Operations, and then clickPrinter Output.This displays all spooled files associated with the current user.

Right-click a spooled file to hold, release, move, or delete the print job, or convert it to a PDF.Additionally, you can select Properties to change many of the spooled file attributes.

• To work with other print jobs, select View > Customize this view > Include from the System iNavigator menu.

• To see a list of all output queues, expand Work Management, and then click Output queues.This will display all output queues for all users. An output queue is an object that contains a list ofspooled files to be written to an output device, such as a printer.

Select any output queue to display the list of spooled files for that queue.

Starting printersFrom the command-line interface, you can start a printer.

Before you start the printer, verify the following conditions:

• The printer is turned on and ready.• The printer or print method has been configured in the operating system.

To start a printer from the command-line interface, follow these steps:

1. Vary on the printer.a) Enter WRKCFGSTS *DEV *PRT command.

The Work with Configuration Status display shows a list of devices.b) Enter a 1 next to the printer device description to vary on the printer.

2. Use the Start Print Writer (STRPRTWTR) command to start the print writer, and specify the printer andoutput queue (or queues) that the writer will service.

Starting a printer from System i NavigatorFrom System i Navigator, you can start a printer.

To start a printer from System i Navigator, follow these steps:

1. From System i Navigator, select your system. Expand Basic Operations, and click Printers.2. If the status of the printer (shown in the right pane) is Unavailable, right-click the printer and click

Make Available.3. Right-click the printer and click Start.

Working with storageThe system offers a wide variety of options for storing system data. Internally, the system includes diskunits that can be distributed across several expansion units (also known as towers). Additionally, manyoptions are available for working with removable media, such as tapes and optical devices.

As a system operator, you might need to work with disk units and track their use across your business.Removable storage devices are frequently used for backing up the system and archiving data.

Related conceptsStorage solutions


Working with the control panelThe control panel is the initial interface on your system. With the system control panel, you can determineprocessor activity, read error codes to help determine component failure analysis, turn the system on andoff, and change initial program load (IPL) characteristics.

From the control panel, you can process the following system functions:

• Determine processor activity• Display and get attributes or error codes to analyze problems• Perform an IPL• Turn on or off the system

You can use the physical control panel on the system or a remote control panel to perform theseoperations. It might be helpful to you if you set up the virtual control panel or the remote controlpanel. You can access control panel functions and use APIs to operate your remote control panel with auser-written program.

Notes:

• If you have a partitioned system, only the primary partition can access the control panel. All secondarypartitions use the remote control panel through the primary partition.

• The information in this topic pertains only to models 8xx and earlier. For all other models, refer to theManaging the control panel functions topic collection in the IBM Systems Hardware Information Centerfor more information.

Control panel conceptsThis information explains the differences between the control panel options: the virtual control panel, theremote control panel, and the physical control panel. It also provides details about the functions that thecontrol panel can perform.

Types of control panelsControl panels include the virtual control panel, the remote control panel, and the physical control panel.You can use these control panels to perform almost all of the same functions. The remote control paneland virtual control panel provide a way to perform control panel functions from a PC.

Physical control panelThe physical control panel is your initial interface with the system. You can use the physical control panelto perform functions, such as performing an initial program load (IPL) and turning on and turning offthe system. Control panel functions range in complexity from functions that display status (such as IPLspeed) to low-level service functions that only service representatives can access.

Note: If the system has multiple partitions, some secondary partitions might not start if they have beenset to a status of hold.

Related conceptsControl panel buttons, lights, and indicatorsThese figures illustrate the interface for each of the control panels, including the buttons, lights, andindicators. The interface for the virtual control panel and remote control panel are identical.Related tasksRestarting and powering down a system with logical partitionsAccessing control panel functions


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To access the control panel functions, follow these instructions, which apply to all three kinds of controlpanels.

Remote control panelThe remote control panel provides a way to use control panel functions through a PC. The graphical userinterface of the remote control panel looks similar to the physical control panel.

The remote control panel has the following characteristics:

• The remote control panel is installed through Operations Console.• A directly attached remote control panel is not supported, but you can use the remote control panel

with a LAN-connected console. The use of virtual control panel is supported.• You can use the interface of the remote control panel to restart and turn off the system. However, a

LAN-connected remote control panel or the virtual control panel cannot turn on the system unless it isconnected to the primary partition of an 8xx or earlier model and the primary partition is still active. Youcan use the remote control panel to perform most of the same functions as the physical control panel.

• You can use remote control panel APIs to automate control of the remote control panel through auser-created program.

• If your system uses a keystick, the Mode button works with the same functions as the physical controlpanel, depending on whether the keystick is inserted.

Related conceptsSetting up your control panelBoth the remote control panel and the virtual control panel are set up through an Operations Consoleconfiguration. You need to install Operations Console and configure a remote control panel or a virtualcontrol panel to use control panel functions.Control panel buttons, lights, and indicatorsThese figures illustrate the interface for each of the control panels, including the buttons, lights, andindicators. The interface for the virtual control panel and remote control panel are identical.Related tasksAccessing control panel functionsTo access the control panel functions, follow these instructions, which apply to all three kinds of controlpanels.

Virtual control panelWith the virtual control panel, you can use control panel functions through a PC.

The graphical user interface for the virtual control panel is identical to the user interface of the remotecontrol panel. Also, the virtual control panel can perform most of the same functions as the remotecontrol panel. If your system uses a keystick, the Mode button works with the same functions as thephysical control panel, depending on whether the keystick is inserted.

Unlike the remote control panel, the virtual control panel cannot turn on the system. As an alternative,if you need to turn on the system at a later time, you can use the IPL scheduling function in OperationalAssistant by pressing the Attention key. You can also use the GO POWER command and select option 2(Change turn on and off schedule).

Considerations for the virtual control panelIf you use the virtual control panel, be aware of the following considerations:

• The virtual control panel must have a direct connection to the system from Operations Console usingthe serial console cable.

• The virtual control panel is only available while the Operations Console is connected.• You cannot use the virtual control panel remotely through a dial-up connection.• You must meet several prerequisites when installing the virtual control panel, such as a program

temporary fix (PTF) for the server and service packs for the client.


• If the PC has a parallel cable connection for a remote control panel, you must remove it before you caninstall and use your virtual control panel.

• A unique service tools device profile must exist for each virtual control panel connection.• You cannot use an existing network name.• More than one virtual control panel and remote control panel can be active at the same time.• To use the mode function provided by the virtual control panel, the service tools user ID that is used to

authenticate the connection must have the key privilege of partition remote panel. To verify that yourservice tools user ID has this privilege, see Changing the functional privileges for a service tools user IDusing SST.

How to choose between the virtual control panel and remote control panelThe following table shows which server models are recommended for the virtual control panel and whichmodels are recommended for the remote control panel.

Virtual control panel Remote control panel

270 800 810 820 825 830 840 870 890

170 250 6xx7xxSxx

Related conceptsControl panel buttons, lights, and indicatorsThese figures illustrate the interface for each of the control panels, including the buttons, lights, andindicators. The interface for the virtual control panel and remote control panel are identical.Related tasksAccessing control panel functionsTo access the control panel functions, follow these instructions, which apply to all three kinds of controlpanels.Related informationOperations Console Web site

Control panel functionsThere are few functional differences among these control panels. The main difference is that the physicalcontrol panel and the remote control panel, when cabled directly to the system, can turn on the system.The virtual control panel and the remote control panel, if connected through a LAN, cannot turn on thesystem.

Notes:

1. Some control panel functions might not be available on all system types.2. The x can be any number 0 through 9, any letter A through F, or a blank.3. If you have selected a function, find the selected function in the table and verify that you have

completed the correct function.4. If you cannot change the Function/Data display or complete the selected function, contact your

service provider.

The following table lists the codes and descriptions for each of the control panel functions and whethereach type of the control panel supports these functions.


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Table 2. Control panel (32-character) function codes

Function code Remote control panelcode

Virtual control panelfunction?

Function description

01 01 Yes 1. Display the currentlyselected initialprogram load (IPL)type (and logicalkey mode on somesystem types).

2. Display the currentlyselected IPL speedoverride for the nextIPL.

02 02 Yes Select the IPL type,logical key mode, andIPL speed.

03 03 Yes Start an IPL to load thesystem. The IPL usesthe selected IPL options.

04 04 Yes Lamp test all displaysand indicators areswitched on.

05 05 No System power controlnetwork (SPCN) systemreference code (SRC).Display an SRC on thecontrol panel.

07 Not applicable Not applicable Allow you to performSPCN service functions.

08 08 Yes Fast turn off. To performa fast turn off, seeStopping the system.

09 through 10 Not applicable Not applicable Reserved.

11 through 19 11 through 19 Yes System reference code(SRC) displays an SRCon the control panel.

20 20 Yes Display the machinetype, model, processorfeature code, processorclass indicator, and IPLpath description.

21 21 Yes Cause the UseDedicated Service Tool(DST) display to appearon the system console.To exit DST, selectthe Resume operatingsystem display option.


Table 2. Control panel (32-character) function codes (continued)




22 22 Yes Force system mainstorage dump.

23 Not applicable Not applicable Reserved.

24 Not applicable Not applicable Reserved.

25 25 Yes Use Service switches1 and 2 to enableor disable functions 50through 70.

26 26 Yes Use Service switches1 and 2 to enableor disable functions 50through 70.


33 33 Yes Reorder SPCNaddressing.

34 34 Yes Retry main storagedump (MSD) IPL.


50 Not applicable Not applicable System processing unitstop.

51 Not applicable Not applicable System processing unitstatus displays thefollowing values: B0register contents, NextInstruction Address(NIA), and current TaskDispatching Element(TDE) contents.

52 Not applicable Not applicable System processing unitstart.

53 53 No Unconfigure anintermittently failingprocessor (Repeat GARDfunction).


57 Not applicable Not applicable Display area addressesfor system data.

58 Not applicable Not applicable Set the first character ofthe base address for thefunction 62 display.


Table 2. Control panel (32-character) function codes (continued)




59 Not applicable Not applicable Set the secondcharacter of the baseaddress for the function62 display.

60 Not applicable Not applicable Set the third characterof base address forfunction 62 display.

61 Not applicable Not applicable Set the fourth characterof base address forfunction 62 display.

62 Not applicable Not applicable Display serviceprocessor storage.

63 Not applicable Not applicable System status SRCtrace.

64 Not applicable Not applicable Service processordiagnostic status SRCtrace.

65 65 Yes Deactivate remoteservice.

66 66 Yes Activate remote service.

67 67 Yes Disk unit IOP reset/reload is enabled only byspecific disk unit SRCs.

68 68 Yes Concurrent maintenancepower domain PowerOff.

69 69 Yes Concurrent maintenancepower domain PowerOn.

70 70 No Dump service processorcontrol storage.

Power button Power button ingraphical interface forpowering on and off thesystem. (LAN-connectedremote control panelscannot turn on thesystem.)

Power button ingraphical interface forpowering off the systemonly.

OFFDelayed turn off.

ONImmediate poweron.

Keystick See note. See note. IPL keylock - Manual,Auto, Normal, Secure.

Attention light Graphical attention light Yes Attention state LED.

Power indicator Power indicator ingraphical interface

Power indicator ingraphical interface

Lit when power is fullyoperational.


Note: The remote control panel and virtual control panel recognize the presence of a keystick. If yoursystem uses a keystick, the Mode button works with the same functions as the physical control panel,depending on whether the keystick is inserted. LAN-connected remote control panels need specialauthority to use the Mode button.

If you cannot find the function code in the previous table, the support for added features or devices mightnot have been available when this information was produced. Look for any supplemental unit functioncode information for the function code you displayed on the control panel.

Related conceptsInstructions and descriptions for control panel functionsControl panel functions can be classified into three categories: normal functions, extended functions, andlow-level debug functions. The remote control panel and virtual control panel can perform most of thesefunctions. The physical control panel can perform all of them.

Control panel buttons, lights, and indicatorsThese figures illustrate the interface for each of the control panels, including the buttons, lights, andindicators. The interface for the virtual control panel and remote control panel are identical.

The figures show the following kinds of control panels:

• The remote control panel or virtual control panel.• A physical control panel without a keystick.• A physical control panel with a keystick.

Remote control panel and virtual control panel

(A) Function/Data display

(B) Increment and Decrement buttons

(C) Turn on indicator

(D) Power button

(E) System Attention light


(F) Enter button

(G) Mode button

Physical control panel without a keystick

(A) Power On Light

• A blinking light indicates power to the unit.• A constant light indicates that the unit is up and

is working.

(B) Power button

(C) Processor Activity

(D) System Attention

(E) Function/Data Display

(F) Increment and Decrement buttons

(G) Enter button

Physical control panel with a keystickA keystick gives the operator security control over the control panel functions and control over data that isaccessible from the control panel. The keystick for the electronic keylock activates the Mode button.


(A) Power On Light

• A blinking light indicates power to the unit.• A constant light indicates that the unit is up and

is working.

(B) Power button

(C) Processor Activity

(D) System Attention

(E) Function/Data Display

(F) Increment and Decrement buttons

(G) Enter button

(H) Mode button

(J) Electronic Keystick Slot

(K) Secure

(L) Auto

(M) Normal

(N) Manual

Related conceptsPhysical control panelThe physical control panel is your initial interface with the system. You can use the physical control panelto perform functions, such as performing an initial program load (IPL) and turning on and turning offthe system. Control panel functions range in complexity from functions that display status (such as IPLspeed) to low-level service functions that only service representatives can access.Remote control panelThe remote control panel provides a way to use control panel functions through a PC. The graphical userinterface of the remote control panel looks similar to the physical control panel.Virtual control panelWith the virtual control panel, you can use control panel functions through a PC.Related tasksAccessing control panel functionsTo access the control panel functions, follow these instructions, which apply to all three kinds of controlpanels.

Setting up your control panelBoth the remote control panel and the virtual control panel are set up through an Operations Consoleconfiguration. You need to install Operations Console and configure a remote control panel or a virtualcontrol panel to use control panel functions.

Setting up your remote control panelTo set up the remote control panel, you need to install Operations Console. Use the Operations ConsoleConfiguration Wizard to select the remote control panel functions.

Be aware of the following considerations for configuring a remote control panel:

• A special remote control panel cable is required to support your configuration. Refer to OperationsConsole cable requirements.


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• A local console through dial-up support does not support the remote control panel functions. A remoteconsole through dial-up support only supports the remote control panel functions if the local console itconnects to has the cable installed and configured.

Setting up your virtual control panelThe IBM i Access Operations Console Web site has specific instructions for setting up your virtual controlpanel. You must have configured a local console directly attached to the system for the virtual controlpanel to function. To configure a local console directly attached to the system, you need to follow theinstructions in Operations Console. Be aware of those limitations and restrictions to the use of virtualcontrol panel functions in the installation instructions.

Related conceptsRemote control panelThe remote control panel provides a way to use control panel functions through a PC. The graphical userinterface of the remote control panel looks similar to the physical control panel.Operations ConsoleRelated informationOperations Console Web siteOperations Console connection troubleshooting

Accessing control panel functionsTo access the control panel functions, follow these instructions, which apply to all three kinds of controlpanels.

If you use the virtual control panel or remote control panel, click the button where the instructions saypress. To use the control panel, follow these steps:

1. If your physical control panel has a keystick, insert the keystick and press the Mode button to selectManual mode. You must do this step even if you are using the remote control panel or virtual controlpanel.

2. To select a function number, press the Increment or Decrement button on the control panel until thefunction number you want is in the display.

3. Press Enter.

The following figure shows a control panel with a keystick. It shows the following items on the controlpanel:

• Power On indicator• Power pushbutton• System Attention light• Function/Data display• Increment and Decrement buttons• Enter pushbutton• Mode selector• Electronic keystick slot


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Figure 1. Control panel with a keystick

Related conceptsPhysical control panelThe physical control panel is your initial interface with the system. You can use the physical control panelto perform functions, such as performing an initial program load (IPL) and turning on and turning offthe system. Control panel functions range in complexity from functions that display status (such as IPLspeed) to low-level service functions that only service representatives can access.Remote control panelThe remote control panel provides a way to use control panel functions through a PC. The graphical userinterface of the remote control panel looks similar to the physical control panel.Virtual control panelWith the virtual control panel, you can use control panel functions through a PC.Control panel buttons, lights, and indicators


These figures illustrate the interface for each of the control panels, including the buttons, lights, andindicators. The interface for the virtual control panel and remote control panel are identical.

Instructions and descriptions for control panel functionsControl panel functions can be classified into three categories: normal functions, extended functions, andlow-level debug functions. The remote control panel and virtual control panel can perform most of thesefunctions. The physical control panel can perform all of them.Normal control panel functions

Normal control panel functions are the most often performed functions, such as displaying IPL speedand forcing the system to perform an IPL. They also include functions such as forcing DST and forcinga main storage dump. These functions are 01 through 49.

Extended control panel functionsExtended control panel functions are performed less often. Only service representatives can performthese functions. Extended functions are 50 through 70.

Low-level debug panel functionsThese are functions 57 through 70. They are performed only by service representatives.

Note: The examples in the following topics show control panels with a 4-word (32 character) display.Control panels with a 1-word (8 character) display only show the first word (8 characters) of eachfunction.

Related conceptsControl panel functionsThere are few functional differences among these control panels. The main difference is that the physicalcontrol panel and the remote control panel, when cabled directly to the system, can turn on the system.The virtual control panel and the remote control panel, if connected through a LAN, cannot turn on thesystem.

Normal control panel functionsThese instructions show how to use normal control panel functions 01 through 49. Functions 21 through49 are available when you select the Manual mode.

The instructions you follow for function 01 or 02 depend on whether your system uses a keystick. Also,the following instructions for functions 01 and 02 alternate between systems with a keystick and systemswithout a keystick.

To determine how to activate functions 01 and 02 on a control panel, follow these steps:

1. Does the control panel have an electronic keylock (a keystick)?

Yes Go to the next step.

No The system displays the IPL key mode (ForManual or Normal modes only). The Auto modeand Secure mode are not supported. Follow theprocedures for functions 01 and 02 for systemswithout a keystick.

2. Insert the keystick.

Press the Mode button to select the IPL mode. Follow function 01 and 02 procedures for systems witha keystick.

Note: The function that is displayed is not activated until you press Enter on the control panel.

To select a function number, press the Increment or Decrement button on the control panel. To activatethe function, press Enter on the control panel while the system displays the required function number.

Function 01 - Display Selected IPL Type and IPL Speed (on Systems with a Keystick)


You can use this function to display the selected type and speed for the next IPL.

1. Display IPL types (A, B, C, or D).2. Display IPL speed (F, S, SE, V=F, or V=S).

When selected, function 01 displays the currently selected IPL type and IPL speed values (where each _represents 1 character).

The following table shows a function 01 example with a keystick.

Table 3. Function 01 on systems with a keystick

Function/data Action or description

0 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Use the Increment or Decrement button to scrollto function 01.

0 1 _ _ A _ _ _ _ _ V = F _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Valid IPL types are A, B, C, or D.

Valid IPL speed displays are F, S, SE, V=F, or V=S.

0 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Use the Increment or Decrement button to scrollthrough the control panel functions.

Function 01 - Display Selected IPL Type, Logical Key Mode, and IPL Speed (on Systems without aKeystick)

You can use this function to display the selected IPL type, logical key mode, and speed for the next IPL.

1. Display IPL types (A, B, C, or D).2. Display the valid logical key modes (M or N).3. Display IPL speed (F, S, SE, V=F, or V=S).

The following table shows a function 01 example on systems without a keystick.

Table 4. Function 01 on systems without a keystick


0 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


0 1 _ _ A _ _ M _ _ V = F _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Valid IPL types are A, B, C, and D.

Valid logical key modes are Manual and Normal.

Valid IPL speed displays are F, S, SE, V=F, or V=S.

0 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


Function 02 with a keystick - Select IPL Type and IPL Speed Override (on Systems with a Keystick)

Before you can use function 02, you must have the system in Manual mode. You can change the IPL typewith the system turned on or off. However, to select the IPL speed override, you must turn off the system.

The following table shows the sequence used to select the IPL type on systems that are turned on.


Table 5. Function 02 - Select IPL type on turned-on systems with a keystick


0 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


0 2 _ _ A < _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Press Enter to start function 02. The current IPLtype is displayed with a pointer.

0 2 _ _ B < _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Use the Increment or Decrement button to scrollthrough the IPL types.

0 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Press Enter to select the IPL type and exit function02.

0 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


The following table shows the sequence used to select the IPL type and IPL speed on systems that areturned off.

Table 6. Function 02 - Select IPL type and IPL speed on turned-off systems with a keystick

Function/Data Action or Description

0 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Use Increment or Decrement button to scroll tofunction 02.

0 2 _ _ A < _ _ _ _ _ _ V _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Press Enter to start function 02:

• The current IPL type is displayed with a pointer.• The current IPL speed is displayed.

0 2 _ _ B < _ _ _ _ _ _ V _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Use the Increment or Decrement button to scrollthrough the IPL types and speeds.

0 2 _ _ B _ _ _ _ _ _ _ V _ < __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Press Enter to select the IPL type.

• The current IPL type is displayed.• The current IPL speed is displayed with a pointer.

0 2 _ _ B _ _ _ _ _ _ _ S _ < __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Use the Increment or Decrement button to scrollthrough the IPL speeds.

0 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Press Enter to select the IPL speed and exitfunction 02.


Table 6. Function 02 - Select IPL type and IPL speed on turned-off systems with a keystick (continued)

Function/Data Action or Description

0 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


Function 02 without a keystick - Select IPL type, IPL speed override, and Logical key mode (onSystems without a Keystick)

You can use function 02 in either normal mode or manual mode. With the system either turned on or off,this function allows you to select the IPL type and logical key mode. Before you can select the IPL speedoverride, you must turn off the system.

Turned-on systems

For turned-on systems without a keystick, function 02 is used to select the IPL mode and logical keymode. The following table shows an example of the function 02 IPL type and logical key mode selectionsequence for a turned-on system that does not have a keystick.

Table 7. Function 02 - Select IPL type and logical key mode on turned-on systems without a keystick


0 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


0 2 _ _ A < _ M _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Press Enter to start function 02.

• The current IPL type is displayed with a pointer.• The current logical key mode is displayed.

0 2 _ _ B < _ M _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


0 2 _ _ B _ _ M < _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


0 2 _ _ B _ _ N < _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Use the Increment or Decrement button to scrollthrough the logical key modes.

0 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Press Enter to select the logical key mode and exitfunction 02.

0 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


Turned-off systems

For turned-off systems without a keystick, function 02 is used to select the IPL type, logical key mode,and IPL speed indicators. The following table shows an example of the function 02 IPL type, logical keymode, and IPL speed selection sequence for a turned-off system that does not have a keystick.


Table 8. Function 02 - Select IPL type, logical key mode, and IPL speed on turned-off systems without akeystick


0 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


0 2 _ _ A < _ M _ _ _ _ V _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Press Enter to start function 02.

• The current IPL type is displayed with a pointer.• The current logical key mode is displayed.• The current IPL speed is displayed.

0 2 _ _ B < _ M _ _ _ _ V _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


0 2 _ _ B _ _ M < _ _ _ V _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


• The current IPL type is displayed.• The current logical key mode is displayed with a

pointer.• The current IPL speed is displayed.

0 2 _ _ B _ _ N < _ _ _ V _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Use the Increment or Decrement button to scrollthrough the logical key modes.

0 2 _ _ B _ _ N _ _ _ _ V _ < __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Press Enter to select the logical key mode.

• The current IPL type is displayed.• The current logical key mode is displayed.• The current IPL speed is displayed with a pointer.

0 2 _ _ B _ _ N _ _ _ _ S _ < __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Use the Increment or Decrement button to scrollthrough the IPL speeds.

0 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Press Enter to select the IPL speed and exitfunction 02.

0 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _


Function 03 - Start IPL

The system enables function 03 only when the key mode is Manual and the system is turned on.

This function starts an IPL of the selected IPL type when you press the Enter button. The system will loadall the Licensed Internal Code.

Attention: No system shutdown is performed before IPL. The use of this function can cause dataloss.

Function 04 - Lamp Test


This function shows whether any control panel indicators are burned out and whether characters that aredisplayed on the control panel Function/Data display are valid. When you activate this test, all the controlpanel lights and indicators flash on and off.

The lamp test continues on the system control panel until you perform another control panel function or apower procedure. The lamp test for the expansion unit control panel is active for 25 seconds and does notflash.

Use this procedure to verify that the lights on the system control panel are working correctly. If youcannot complete these steps, contact your service provider.

1. Turn on the system.2. Press the Increment or Decrement buttons on the control panel to display function 04.

Press Enter on the control panel.3. Do all of the lights and indicators on the system control panel flash on and off?

Yes Proceed to the next step.

No Need to exchange the control panel or thereplaceable unit that contains the control panelfunction (system unit backplane (MB1) or towercard (CB1)). Contact your service provider.

4. Do all the control panel lights on the expansion unit come on?

Yes End.

No Exchange the control panel on the expansionunit.

The lights on the system control panel are working correctly.

Function 05 - SPCN SRC

Function 05 displays information about power faults and provides informational reference codes duringdisk-unit concurrent maintenance procedures. The format for this function is as follows:

Figure 2. SPCN SRC formats

In this format, RR represents the frame number where the failing unit is installed; U represents the SPCNport to which the failing unit is connected; and rrr represents unit reference code (URC).

Function 07

Function 07 is only used during service by authorized IBM service representatives.

Function 08 - Fast Turn Off


Function 08 is enabled only when the key mode is Manual and the system is turned on.

Use this function when the system is suspended and you cannot turn off the system.

The first time that you select function 08 and press Enter, the system displays an attention SRC, 11 A1xx8008. This SRC indicates that you selected Function 08. The second time that you select function 08 andpress Enter, you confirm the request to turn off the system. To perform a fast turn off, see Stopping thesystem.

Attention:

• No system shutdown is performed before the initial program load (IPL). The use of this functioncan cause loss of data.

• If the system password was changed at the most recent IPL, performing a fast turn off mightcause that new password information to be lost.

Functions 09 to 10 - Reserved

These functions are reserved for future control panel operations.

Functions 11 to 19 - System Reference Code (SRC)

Functions 11 though 19, if enabled, represent the words of the SRC.

You must record SRC information for error reporting and contact your service provider.

Function 20 - System type, model, feature code, hardware level, and IPL path description

This function displays the machine type, model, processor feature code, hardware level, and IPL pathdescription in the following format:

t m m m c c c c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

h h h h _ _ _ _ i i i i i i i i

Values for t indicate the machine type:

1 9401

2 9402

4 9404

6 9406

Values for m indicate the model:

mmm Model number (for example, 820)

Values for c indicate the system processor feature code:

cccc Processor feature code (for example, 23A4)

Values for hhhh indicate the system processor hardware level:

hhhh Processor hardware level (for example, 1025)

Values for iiiiiiii indicate the description of the system turn on or restart path:

iiiiiiii The restart path description (for example, 00 000001 indicates that the system was turned on byusing the white button on the control panel).

You should record this information with the SRC.


Function 21 - Make DST Available

This function makes DST available on the system console display. The Use Dedicated Service Tools (DST)display appears on the primary or alternative console.

To exit DST and return to the operating system, select the Resume operating system display option on theUse Dedicated Service Tools (DST) display.

Function 22 - Dump Main Storage

This function dumps main storage and processor data to the disk.

Note: Before to pressing function 22, determine whether function 34 is available (00 shows in the panelafter you select function 34). If it is available, then the system is attempting to run a main storage dumpIPL. Using function 34 attempts to try the IPL again, such that the original dump is not lost. If function 34is not enabled, (>FF shows in the panel after you select function 34), go back and start function 22.

The first time that you select function 22 and press Enter, the system displays attention SRC 11 A1xx3022. This indicates that you selected function 22. To dump main storage and system processor data tothe disk, you must select function 22 again and press Enter.

Use this function only when a main storage dump is necessary, for example, after a suspended (systemhang) condition or after an operating system failure.

Attention: No system shutdown is performed before the main storage dump. The use of thisfunction can cause data loss.

Functions 25 and 26 - Service Switches 1 and 2

In function 25, the service representative switch 1 is set. Function 25 is the first step necessary to set theservice function range (50 to 99).

In function 26, the service representative switch 2 is set. Function 26 is the second step necessary to setthe service function range (50 to 99).

Function 33 - Reorder SPCN Addressing

This function puts the rack addresses in the correct order to show their position in the system powercontrol network (SPCN). Use it when you have added racks to or removed them from the system.

Function 34 - Retry MSD IPL

Function 34 is enabled only for main storage dump (MSD) IPLs. You can use it when the system is hungduring the MSD IPL to try the IPL again without losing the original dump information.

Related tasksStopping the systemTurning off your system needs careful attention. If you turn off the system without following this topic,data might be damaged, or the system might behave in unpredictable ways.

Extended control panel functionsThe system enables service functions 50 through 70 when you select manual mode and enter function 25(service switch 1), then function 26 (service switch 2). You use subfunctions with Functions 51 and 57through 64.

Notes:

1. When a function has no data to display, FF is shown.2. Some upper functions, 50 through 70, are not supported using the remote control panel and virtual

control panel, depending on connectivity.3. Nonsupported functions for the remote control panel and virtual control panel display FF.

To enable functions 50 through 70, follow these steps:

1. Select function 25 and press Enter. The display reads 25 00.


2. Use the Increment button to select function 26 and press Enter. The display briefly reads 26 00. Thenit typically displays 01 B when the upper functions have activated.

Functions 50 through 70 are now available.

You can disable the service functions by selecting and entering either function 25 (service switch 1) orfunction 26 (service switch 2).

To disable functions 50 through 70, select function 25 and press Enter. Functions 50 through 70 are thenno longer available.

Using Subfunctions

To work with subfunctions, follow these steps:

1. Use the Increment or Decrement button to select the appropriate function and press Enter. Thefunction number is displayed with asterisks (**); for example, 57**. The two asterisks indicate thatsubfunctions are available.

2. Press the Increment button. The first subfunction number is displayed; for example, 5700.3. As the subfunction number is displayed, press Enter. The system displays data associated with the

subfunction number.4. Press the Increment button. The next subfunction number is displayed; for example, 5701.5. As the subfunction number is displayed, press Enter. The system displays the data associated with the

new subfunction number.6. Repeat these steps to gather all the data that is associated with the subfunction.7. Use the Increment or Decrement button to return to the function display with asterisks; for example57**.

8. Press Enter to exit the subfunctions.

Function 50 - System Processor Stop

This function stops the system processor.

Attention: This function might cause the system to end abnormally. Use the function only whendirected to do so by your next level of support.

Function 51 - System Processor Status

This function displays the following values:

• Next instruction address (NIA).• Current task dispatching element (TDE) address.

The data can be displayed 8 digits at a time. Select and enter a subfunction number to display each wordof data from 00 to 0F.

The following table is an example of a subfunction data display that shows NIA and TDE information.

Table 9. Subfunction data display example

Function Subfunction Data Display

51 ** Subfunction mode entered

51 00, 01 NIA (8 bytes)

51 02, 03 Current TDE (8 bytes)

Function 52 - System Processor Start

This function starts the system processor (after it has stopped).

Function 53 - Repeat GARD

This function displays the following values:


• Clear memory, processor, L3 Repeat GARD.• Enable memory, processor, L3 Repeat GARD.• Disable memory, processor, L3 Repeat GARD.• View enable/disable status.

This function permanently unconfigures an intermittently failing processor, during the IPL followingthe failure. This is performed in case the IPL diagnostics cannot detect the failure and automaticallyunconfigure it. The failing processor must be replaced or the Repeat GARD function must be clearedbefore that processor can be used again.

Attention: This function can cause an operating processor to be permanently unconfiguredfollowing a power failure. Use the function only when directed to do so by your next level ofsupport.

The following table is an example of a subfunction data display that shows Repeat GARD information.

Table 10. Subfunction data display example

Function Subfunction Data Display

53 ** Subfunction mode entered

53 00 Clear memory, processor, L3Repeat GARD

53 01 Enable memory, processor, L3Repeat GARD

53 02 Disable memory, processor, L3Repeat GARD

53 03 View enable/disable status(E=Enabled, D=Disabled)

Low-level debug panel functions 57 through 70You can enable these functions by selecting Manual mode and selecting functions 25 and 26.

Here is a list of all the low-level debug panel functions and a description of each:

Function 57 - Display Service Processor Diagnostic Data Area AddressesThese addresses can be used to display debug data in function 62.

Function 58 - Setting First Character of the Base Address for the Function 62 DisplayFunction 59 - Setting Second Character of the Base Address for the Function 62 DisplayFunction 60 - Setting Third Character of Base Address for the Function 62 DisplayFunction 61 - Setting Fourth Character of Base Address for the Function 62 DisplayFunction 62 - Display Service Processor Storage

This function displays service processor storage starting at the address that has been set withfunctions 58 through 61.

Function 63 - System Status SRC TraceThe system status SRC trace is a copy of the last 25 status SRCs (those that are typically associatedwith the IPL sequence or the turn-off sequence). Enter a subfunction between hexadecimal 00 and 18to look at the status SRCs in sequential order. The most recent SRC (the last status SRC) is displayedat subfunction hexadecimal 18.

Function 64 - Diagnostic Status SRC TraceThe diagnostic status SRC trace is a copy of the last 25 status SRCs (those that are typicallyassociated with the service processor function of problem analysis and main storage dump). Entera subfunction between hexadecimal 00 and 18 to look at the status SRCs in sequence. You can seethe most recent SRC (the last status SRC) at subfunction hexadecimal 18 and the extended SRC wordsfor this SRC at subfunctions 19 through 1A.


Function 65 - Deactivate Remote ServiceUse this function to deactivate a remote service session or Operations Console. This function releasesthe communications port that was in use for a remote service session or Operations Console.

Function 66 - Activate Remote ServiceUse this function to activate a remote service session or Operations Console. This function activatesthe communications port that is used by a remote service session or Operations Console.

Function 67 - Disk Unit IOP Reset/ReloadFunction 67 is not available for all system types. Use this function to initiate an IOP dump and a diskunit IOP reset/reload. The function is enabled only when specific SRCs are displayed on the controlpanel and the associated IOP supports a reset/reload function.

Function 68 - Turn off Disk Unit IOP/IOA Power DomainFunction 68 is enabled only by specific disk-unit system reference codes (SRCs) such as disk-unitattention SRCs.

Function 69 - Turn on Disk Unit IOP/IOA Power DomainFunction 69 is enabled when the power domain is turned off.

Function 70 - Dump Service Processor Control StorageThis function saves the contents of the service processor control storage into nonvolatile storage forpotential use from an error log.

Using remote control panel APIsYou can use these APIs to write a program that can access the control panel remotely. With the APIs, yourprogram can access many commands and queries.

The remote control panel function of Operations Console provides a set of APIs that systemadministrators can use to control the system through programs. The APIs allow custom programs tointeract with the system control panel and perform many common system control panel functions.

You can use these APIs only if you are using the remote control panel that is connected with theserial console cable. You cannot use these APIs with the virtual control panel or remote control panelconnected with a parallel cable.

The interface to the remote control panel APIs is established through a standard TCP/IP socketconnection. The socket connection can be implemented in any programming language that supportssockets on the Windows platform (Java™ , C/C++, Visual Basic to name a few).

To use the remote control panel APIs, follow these steps:

1. Start Operations Console with the remote control panel function.2. From a custom program, open a socket connection to port 2150 on the same PC.3. Send a supported command from the set of commands that are described below (using uppercase and

lowercase letters as shown for each API name).4. Receive the byte stream that is sent back on the same socket connection.5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 as necessary on the same socket connection.6. Close the socket connection when done.

Your program needs to interpret the byte stream that is sent back from the system. The returned bytestream consists of a predefined format, which is the same for all commands. The byte stream is at least 4bytes long. Some commands return additional bytes.

The first 2 bytes (0 and 1) will return the command status, typically successful or unsuccessful. The next2 bytes (2 and 3) will be a 16-bit number N, which tells how many additional bytes will follow these first 4bytes. If N is nonzero, then there will be additional information in bytes 4 through 4 + N. This informationwill be additional data related to the command, such as TRUE or FALSE.

Note: If the command sent is not one of the command strings defined below, then the return code inbytes 0 and 1 of the return value will be 32 (0x20). This means Command not Supported.

Your programs can perform the following control panel functions by using the following APIs.


System power and test APIsYou can use these APIs to turn on and off the system and to perform and clear panel lamp tests.

Turning on the systemTo turn on the system, you can use the PowerOn API.

There are no restrictions to the use of this command.

This API returns the following information.

Bytes 0 and 1 Bytes 2 and 3 Bytes 4 through 4+N

16-bit return code

0 = Command successful

1 = Command unsuccessful

16-bit additional data length N =0

Not applicable

Performing panel lamp testTo perform the panel lamp test, you can use the DoLampTest API.




16-bit return code




Not applicable

Clearing panel lamp testTo clear the panel lamp test results, you can use the ClearLampTest API.



Bytes 0 and 1 Bytes 2 and 3 Bytes 4 through 4+ N

16-bit return code




Not applicable

Powering off the systemTo turn off the system, you can use the PowerOff API.

To use this command, you must insert the keystick in the electronic keystick slot (on systems with akeystick).



16-bit return code



2 = Key not inserted


Not applicable


IPL-related APIsYou can use these APIs to set initial program load (IPL) modes, types, and speed, and to start an IPL.

Setting IPL mode to ManualTo set the system initial program load (IPL) mode to Manual, you can use the SetIPLModeManual API.

You must insert a key to use this command (on systems with a keystick).



16-bit return code





Not applicable

Setting IPL mode to NormalTo set the system initial program load (IPL) mode to Normal, you can use the SetIPLModeNormal API.




16-bit return code





Not applicable

Setting IPL mode to AutoTo set the system initial program load (IPL) mode to Auto, you can use the SetIPLModeAuto API.




16-bit return code





Not applicable

Setting IPL mode to SecureTo set the system initial program load (IPL) mode to Secure, you can use the SetIPLModeSecure API.


This API returns the following information:



16-bit return code





Not applicable

Setting IPL type to ATo set the system initial program load (IPL) type to A, you can use the SetIPLTypeA API.

You must insert a key to use this command (on systems with a keystick). The system must be in Manualmode.



16-bit return code




4 = Not in Manual mode


Not applicable

Setting IPL type to BTo set the system initial program load (IPL) type to B, you can use the SetIPLTypeB API.




16-bit return code






Not applicable

Setting IPL type to CTo set the system initial program load (IPL) type to C, you can use the SetIPLTypeC API.





16-bit return code






Not applicable

Setting IPL type to DTo set the system initial program load (IPL) type to D, you can use the SetIPLTypeD API.




16-bit return code






Not applicable

Starting an IPLTo start a system initial program load (IPL), you can use the StartIPL API.

To use this command, follow these instructions:

• You must insert a key to use this command (on systems with a keystick).• The system must be in Manual mode.• You must turn on the system.



16-bit return code





16 = System turned Off


Not applicable

Setting IPL speed to FastTo set the system initial program load (IPL) speed to Fast, you can use the SetIPLSpeedFast API.


• You must insert a key to use this command (on systems with a keystick).• The system must be in Manual mode.• You must turn off the system.




16-bit return code





8 = System turned On


Not applicable

Setting IPL speed to SlowTo set the system initial program load (IPL) speed to Slow, you can use the SetIPLSpeedSlow API.





16-bit return code







Not applicable

Setting IPL speed to system defaultTo set the system initial program load (IPL) speed to the default value, you can use theSetIPLSpeedDefault API.





16-bit return code







Not applicable


Other system function APIsYou can use these APIs to start dedicated service tools (DST), to start a main storage dump (MSD), and todisable continuously powered main storage.

Starting dedicated service tools on the primary or alternate consoleYou can use the StartDST API to start the dedicated service tools (DST) on the primary or alternativeconsole.





16-bit return code







Not applicable

Starting a main storage dumpTo start a main storage dump (MSD), you can use the StartMSD API.





16-bit return code







Not applicable

Disabling continuously powered main storageTo disable the continuously powered main storage (CPM) on the system, you can use the DisableCPMAPI.






16-bit return code







Not applicable

APIs that check the system statusYou can use these APIs to check the system status.

Is CPM present?You can use the GetCPMPresent API to determine whether the continuously powered main storage(CPM) is present on the system.




16-bit return code



16-bit additional data length N

N = size of the ASCII return value(The NULL at the end of the stringis not included in the value.)

True or False

Is CPM enabled?You can use the GetCPMEnabled API to determine whether the system has continuously powered mainstorage (CPM) enabled.




16-bit return code





True or False

Is the key inserted?To determine whether the system has a keystick inserted, you can use the GetKeyInserted API.




16-bit return code





True or False


Is the system turned on?To determine whether you have the system powered on, you can use the GetPowerOn API.




16-bit return code





True or False

Is the attention light lit?To determine whether the attention light is on, you can use the GetAttentionLight API.




16-bit return code





True or False

Is SPCN present?You can use the GetSPCNPresent API to determine whether the system powered control network(SPCN) is present on the system.




16-bit return code





True or False

Getting the IPL modeTo determine the system initial program load (IPL) mode, you can use the GetIPLMode API.




16-bit return code





Manual, Normal, Auto, or Secure

Getting the IPL typeTo determine the system IPL type, you can use the GetIPLType API.





16-bit return code





A or B or C or D

Getting the IPL speedTo determine the system initial program load (IPL) speed, you can use the GetIPLSpeed API.




16-bit return code





Slow/Fast or V=Slow/V=Fast

Note: The responses withV=Slow/V=Fast indicate thedefault IPL speed.

Getting type and model informationTo determine the system type and model numbers, you can use the GetType&Model API.




16-bit return code





ZZZZZZZZ

(ASCII string with type andmodel information.)

Getting the SPCN system reference codeTo return the system powered control network (SPCN) system reference code (SRC), if available, you canuse the GetSPCNSRC API.




16-bit return code




N = size of the hexadecimalreturn value (The NULL at the endof the string is not included in thevalue.)

0x'XXXXXXXX'

Note: Hexadecimal return datawill be 4 bytes available by SRC.

Getting all system reference codes 1 - 9To return all the system reference codes (SRCs) 1 through 9, if available, you can use the GetSRCs API.





16-bit return code




N = size of the hexadecimalreturn value (The NULL at the endof the string is not included in thevalue.)

0x'XXXXXXXX'

Note: Hexadecimal return datawill be 4 bytes available by SRC.

Starting and stopping the systemThe IBM i platform is well-known for rarely needing to be stopped or restarted. However, somemaintenance items or system changes might require that the system stop processing and go throughan initial program load (IPL). Stopping and starting the system must be done carefully.

Note: The procedures for starting and stopping the system depend on whether you have a partitionedsystem. The following instructions are relevant only for a system without logical partitions. If you havea partitioned system without the Hardware Management Console, see Restarting and powering down asystem with logical partitions. If you have a partitioned system with the Hardware Management Console,see Partitioning with IBM i.

Regardless of how your system environment is configured, starting and stopping the system requirescareful planning to prevent data loss and to protect system integrity. The IBM i operating system providesseveral methods for starting the system to allow for various amounts of interaction with the user.

Note: Several system values determine the available options for starting and stopping the system.

Starting the systemSome changes to the system settings or hardware configuration require the system to go through astartup sequence called an initial program load (IPL). During an IPL, system programs load from thedesignated load source device in the system auxiliary storage. The system hardware is also checked.

The control panel displays a series of system reference codes that indicate its current status and warn youof any problems. When the IPL is finished, the character-based interface presents the sign-on display, andusers can sign on with System i Navigator.

During the IPL, the control panel displays a series of system resource codes (SRCs) indicating the currentsystem activity.

There are various options for starting a system.

Related informationIPL system reference code (SRC) finder

Starting the system without making configuration changes (unattended IPL)This is the most common way to start the system. Unattended initial program loads (IPLs) reset systemstorage and recognize any configuration changes automatically.

PrerequisitesThis procedure assumes that the system is running, and requires that several additional conditions be metbefore you begin an IPL. While most of these settings are the default values, you must verify them if youare unsure.

• The IPL mode for the system must be set to Normal (unattended IPL).• The Type of restart (QIPLTYPE) system value must be set to unattended (0).• Turn on any devices, such as display stations, printers, tape devices, and controllers, that you or others

want to use.


SituationUnattended IPLs reset system storage and recognize any configuration changes automatically. Theamount of time required for any IPL depends on the size and complexity of the system, ranging froma few minutes to several hours. When the unattended IPL is complete, the sign-on display appears on thedisplay station.

Note: If you are working on a system that has logical partitions, you need to understand how to restartand turn off the system with logical partitions.

Performing an unattended IPLEnter different options on the command line to perform an unattended IPL.

1. Type ENDSYS or ENDSBS *ALL on any command line and press Enter.

Note: More options are available for the End System (ENDSYS) and the End Subsystem (ENDSBS)commands, for example, to set delay time.

2. Type WRKSBS to verify that the controlling subsystems have ended and are in the restricted state. Thesubsystems status must be RSTD.

3. Type PWRDWNSYS *IMMED RESTART(*YES) on any command line and press Enter.

When the unattended IPL is done, the sign-on display appears on the display station.

Related conceptsOperating mode of an IPLThe operating mode determines the number of options that are presented to the operator forconsideration during and after the initial program load (IPL). It can also secure (lock) the control panel toprevent an unauthorized or inadvertent IPL from the control panel.System values that control IPLYou can use these system values to control the type of initial program load (IPL) and the way the systemperforms an IPL. You can now work with all system values in System i Navigator.SubsystemsScheduling a system shutdown and restartYou can set up a schedule that automatically turns your system on and off at the time of day you set. Youcan also specify special circumstances that change the normal daily schedule, such as a holiday or specialclosing.Related tasksRestarting and powering down a system with logical partitionsRelated referenceENDSYS (End System) commandENDSBS (End Subsystem) command

Changing the system during IPL (attended IPL)If you want to change initial program load (IPL) options, to install the operating system, to use dedicatedservice tools, to work with logical partitions, or to recover from a system failure, you need to perform anattended IPL. These situations might require you to enter information or change system values.

PrerequisitesThis procedure assumes that the system is running, and requires that several additional conditions be metbefore you begin an initial program load (IPL). Most of these settings are the default values, but you mustverify them if you are unsure of the current setting.

• The IPL mode for the system must be set to Manual (attended IPL).• The Type of restart (QIPLTYPE) system value must be set to attended (1).


• Turn on any devices, such as display stations, printers, tape devices, and controllers that you or otherswant to use.

SituationIf you want to change IPL options, install the operating system, use dedicated service tools, work withlogical partitions, or recover from a system failure, you need to perform an attended IPL. This IPL moderequires that you respond to several prompts during the startup sequence.

Performing an attended IPLEnter different options on the command line to perform an attended IPL.

1. Type ENDSYS or ENDSBS *ALL on any command line and press Enter.

Note: More options are available for the End System (ENDSYS) and the End Subsystem (ENDSBS)commands, for example, to set delay time.

2. Type WRKSBS to verify that the controlling subsystems have ended and are in the restricted state. Thesubsystems status must be RSTD.

3. Type PWRDWNSYS *IMMED RESTART(*YES) on any command line and press Enter.

After you begin the attended IPL, the system displays the IPL options display where you can choosewhich options you want to work with during the IPL. During the IPL, the system displays any options thatyou selected, or that are required due to system changes.

Related conceptsOperating mode of an IPLThe operating mode determines the number of options that are presented to the operator forconsideration during and after the initial program load (IPL). It can also secure (lock) the control panel toprevent an unauthorized or inadvertent IPL from the control panel.System values that control IPLYou can use these system values to control the type of initial program load (IPL) and the way the systemperforms an IPL. You can now work with all system values in System i Navigator.SubsystemsChanging your passwordDuring the installation of the IBM i licensed program, you might need to enter the system password for theinitial program load (IPL) to continue.Related referenceENDSYS (End System) commandENDSBS (End Subsystem) command

Attended IPL displaysDuring an attended initial program load (IPL), your display station or console displays any required orselected displays.

The following displays appear during the IPL, if you select them on the IPL options display:

• Set major system options• Define or change the system

The following displays appear if system changes require them:

• Edit access paths• Edit check pending constraints


Setting major system optionsThe Set Major System Options display allows you to select automatic configuration, the type of deviceconfiguration naming, and the special environment in which you want to run.

To set these options, follow these steps:

1. Type the new values over the existing values in the following fields:

• Enable automatic configuration

– Y (Yes) automatically configures local devices.– N (No) indicates no automatic configuration.

• Device configuration naming

– *NORMAL uses a naming convention unique to the IBM i platform; for example, DSP01 and PRT01for displays and printers, TAP01 and OPT01 for tape and CD-ROM devices.

– *DEVADR uses a naming convention which is obtained from the device resource name, forexample, DSP010203 for a display station, PRT010203 for a printer, TAP01 and OPT01 for tapeand CD-ROM devices.

• Default special environment

– *NONE indicates that there is no special environment.2. Press Enter.

Defining or changing the system at IPLOn the Define or Change the System at IPL display, you can change the system configuration, systemvalues, user profiles, and system, network, object, or file attributes during the initial program load (IPL).

This display is shown when you type Y (Yes) in the Define or change the system at IPL field on the IPLOptions display.

1. Select any of the following options:

• To change the way the system starts, select option 3 (System value commands).• To change any of the other options, select them before exiting and continuing the IPL.

2. When you finish using the options on this display, press F3 (Exit and continue IPL) to continue the IPL.

Related conceptsChanging system values during IPLSystem values control information that affects the operation of certain parts of the system. On the SystemValue Commands display, you can change system values that affect initial program load (IPL) or otherareas of the system.

Editing access paths during attended IPLApplications use access paths to determine the order of records in a database file. If the access pathshave changed, use the Edit Rebuild of Access Paths display to reconstruct them.

Access paths define the order that records in a database file are organized for processing by a program. Ifthere are access paths to rebuild, the Edit Rebuild of Access Paths display is shown after the IPL Optionsdisplay.

Tip: Use the online help information about this display to get more information about each column andfield.

A message notifies you that a journal needs to perform an access path recovery. A journal is a systemobject. It is used to record entries in a journal receiver when a change is made to an object associatedwith the journal. Any access path that is recoverable (because it was recorded) is not shown on thisdisplay. The IPL threshold indicates that access paths with a sequence less than or equal to the numberspecified will be rebuilt at IPL time. It is a value from 1 through 99 that you can set (the default is 50).If the IPL threshold changes, all access paths with a status of IPL and AFTIPL changes to reflect the newstatus of the IPL threshold.

• To change the sequence of access paths that are rebuilt, follow these steps:


a) Make any changes to the Seq column.b) Press Enter.

• If you do not want to change the sequence, press Enter.The Display Access Path Status display is shown if there are access paths left to be rebuilt.

Tip: Press Enter to continue with the IPL from the Edit Rebuild of Access Paths display.

If no access paths need to be rebuilt, the IPL continues.

If you press F3 (Exit and continue IPL), the access paths are rebuilt while the IPL continues. If you pressF12 (Cancel), you return to the Edit Rebuild of Access Paths display.

Every 5 seconds, the display is updated with the current run time. After all the access paths have beenrebuilt (access paths with a sequence less than or equal to the IPL threshold), the IPL continues.

Editing check pending constraints during attended IPLSome physical files might have restrictions placed on them. These restrictions need to be verified duringan initial program load (IPL). On the Edit Check Pending Constraints display, you can verify the status ofthese physical files.

During an attended IPL, the Edit Check Pending Constraints display is shown if there are constraints to beverified. A constraint is an attribute that places a restriction or limitation on a physical file.

Tip: Use the online help information about this display to get more information about each column andfield.

On the Edit Check Pending Constraints display, you can change the sequence (1 through 99) of theconstraints to be verified. If the constraint has a sequence less than or equal to the IPL threshold, it isverified during the IPL. If a constraint has a sequence greater than the IPL threshold, it is verified afterIPL. The sequence *HLD indicates that the constraint is not verified until it is changed to a number from 1through 99. When the IPL threshold changes, all constraints with a status of IPL or AFTIPL are changed toreflect the new status of the IPL threshold.

• To change the sequence of check pending constraints, follow these steps:a) Make any changes to the Seq column.b) Press Enter.

• If you do not want to change the sequence, press Enter.The Display Constraint Status display is shown if there are constraints left to be verified.

If you press F3 (Exit and continue IPL), the constraints are verified while the IPL continues. Everyfive seconds, the display is updated with the current run time. After all constraints with IPL statushave been verified, the IPL continues. If you press F12 (Cancel), you return to the Edit Check PendingConstraints display.

Changing your system IPL from the control panelYou can specify the type of initial program load (IPL) you need to perform from the system control panel.

The Increment/Decrement buttons are used to change the IPL type and mode on systems without a modebutton. Use Function 02 to select the IPL type (A, B, or D) and mode (normal or manual). To select the IPLtype and mode from the control panel, follow these steps:

1. Use the Increment/Decrement buttons to select Function 02, and press Enter.2. Use the Increment/Decrement buttons to select the IPL type and mode you want, and then press the

Enter button to save.3. Optional: To specify a fast or slow IPL that can only be set one time at the console panel when the

system is turned off, follow these steps:a) Select Function 02 and press Enter twice.b) Use the Increment/Decrement buttons to select F (Fast), S (Slow), or V (Value from IPL attributes).


The Hardware diagnostics IPL attribute determines the type of subsequent IPLs. *MIN is the preferredsetting. However, if you anticipate any hardware problems, specify *ALL on the Hardware diagnosticsparameter. Use the Change IPL Attributes (CHGIPLA) command to change the IPL attribute.

Related tasksRestarting and powering down a system with logical partitions

IPL typeThe IPL type determines which copy of programs your system uses during the initial program load (IPL).

There are four IPL types:

IPL type AUse IPL type A when directed for special work, such as applying fixes (PTFs) and diagnostic work. Forexample, use IPL type A in the following circumstances:

• When IPL type B fails• When the procedures direct you to use IPL type A• When you suspect problems with temporary Licensed Internal Code fixes.

IPL type A uses the A copy of Licensed Internal Code during and after the IPL. This copy of LicensedInternal Code is the permanent copy. It resides in System Storage Area A. It contains no temporarilyapplied fixes.

IPL type BUse IPL type B for routine work and when directed by a PTF procedure. This type of IPL runs thenewest copy of Licensed Internal Code and is necessary when you permanently apply certain fixes.

IPL type B uses the B copy of Licensed Internal Code during and after the IPL. This copy resides inSystem Storage Area B. This copy contains temporarily applied fixes.

IPL type CRochester development support reserves this type of IPL for hardware service representatives.

Attention: Do not use this function. Data loss can occur with improper use of this function.

IPL type DUse IPL type D when directed for special work, such as installing and reloading programs.

IPL type D loads the system programs from an alternate IPL load source, such as a tape drive orCD-ROM.

Typically an IPL uses programs that are stored on the primary IPL load source (typically a disk drive).Sometimes it is necessary to perform an IPL from another source, such as programs that are stored ontape. To do this, you must use IPL type D to perform an IPL from the alternate IPL load source.

Use IPL type D only during one of the following situations:

• When the installation or restore procedures direct you to use IPL type D• When IPL type B and IPL type A fail (when the primary IPL load source cannot perform an IPL on the

system properly) and only when directed by your support personnel• When service directs you to perform an alternate installation

Related conceptsChanging operating modes and IPL typesBy changing IPL types, you can perform an initial program load (IPL) from the load-source media or froman alternate load source media. With this operation, you can apply fixes (PTFs). By changing the operatingmode, you have several options in controlling the IPL.Related tasksUsing software fixes


Operating mode of an IPLThe operating mode determines the number of options that are presented to the operator forconsideration during and after the initial program load (IPL). It can also secure (lock) the control panel toprevent an unauthorized or inadvertent IPL from the control panel.

There are four operating modes:

Normal (unattended)After the power-on, operating the system in Normal (unattended) mode requires no operatorintervention during the IPL.

When you turn on the system in normal mode, it performs the IPL and presents the Sign On displayon all available display stations. The operator cannot change the system during the IPL. Dedicatedservice tools (DST) and the operating system do not present any displays during this IPL.

Use a normal mode (unattended) IPL to perform the following actions:

• Perform an IPL and run the system for most routine work• Perform a remote IPL• Turn on and perform an IPL by date and time

Manual (attended)After power-on, operating the system in Manual (attended) mode means that an operator uses thecontrol panel to direct the system for special needs.

During manual mode IPL, DST and the operating system present menus and prompts that allow you tomake changes to the internal system environment. This can include entering debug mode for servicerepresentatives to diagnose difficult problems.

Use the manual mode to perform an IPL and run the system to perform the following actions:

• Change IPL options (including system values)• Install the operating system• Load fixes (PTFs)• Make some types of system hardware upgrades• Use DST (for advanced users and service only)• Problem diagnosis (for advanced users and service only)

Auto (automatic)Use Auto mode for an automatic remote IPL, automatic IPL by date and time, and an automatic IPLafter a power failure.

SecureUse Secure mode to prevent use of the control panel to perform an IPL. This mode is not a form ofIPL; it is a means to prevent an unauthorized or inadvertent IPL from the control panel.

Related conceptsStarting the system without making configuration changes (unattended IPL)This is the most common way to start the system. Unattended initial program loads (IPLs) reset systemstorage and recognize any configuration changes automatically.Changing the system during IPL (attended IPL)If you want to change initial program load (IPL) options, to install the operating system, to use dedicatedservice tools, to work with logical partitions, or to recover from a system failure, you need to perform anattended IPL. These situations might require you to enter information or change system values.Changing operating modes and IPL typesBy changing IPL types, you can perform an initial program load (IPL) from the load-source media or froman alternate load source media. With this operation, you can apply fixes (PTFs). By changing the operatingmode, you have several options in controlling the IPL.Solving problems with the automatic power schedule


If the power schedule is not working, use this topic for diagnosis.

Changing operating modes and IPL typesBy changing IPL types, you can perform an initial program load (IPL) from the load-source media or froman alternate load source media. With this operation, you can apply fixes (PTFs). By changing the operatingmode, you have several options in controlling the IPL.

Changing the IPL type and the operating mode for systems with a keystickTo change the IPL type and the operating mode for systems with a keystick, follow these steps:

1. Insert the keystick.2. Use the Mode button to scroll through the four operating modes (Manual, Normal, Secure, and Auto)

and select the Manual mode.

Note: An indicator light on the control panel shows the active mode.3. Use the Increment or Decrement button to select function 02 (only available in Manual mode), and

press the Enter button.4. Use the Increment or Decrement button to select the required IPL type (A, B, C, or D) and press the

Enter button.

Changing the IPL type and the operating mode for systems without a keystickTo change the IPL type and the operating mode for systems without a keystick, follow these steps:

1. Use the Increment or Decrement button to select function 02, and press the Enter button.2. Use the Increment or Decrement button to select the required IPL type (A, B, C, or D) and the

operating mode (either M=manual or N=normal), and press Enter.

Note: The control panel displays both the IPL type and the operating mode. For example, B_Nindicates a B type IPL in a normal mode.

Related conceptsIPL typeThe IPL type determines which copy of programs your system uses during the initial program load (IPL).Operating mode of an IPLThe operating mode determines the number of options that are presented to the operator forconsideration during and after the initial program load (IPL). It can also secure (lock) the control panel toprevent an unauthorized or inadvertent IPL from the control panel.

Changing system values during IPLSystem values control information that affects the operation of certain parts of the system. On the SystemValue Commands display, you can change system values that affect initial program load (IPL) or otherareas of the system.

This display is shown when you type a Y (Yes) in the Define or change the system at IPL field on the IPLOptions display (see step 6).

To change system values during an IPL, follow these steps:

1. Select option 3 (System value commands) on the Define or Change System at IPL display.2. Select option 3 (Work with system values).3. Select option 2 (Change) on the Work with System Values display.4. Type the new system value over the current value and press Enter.5. Press F3 (Exit) to return to the System Value Commands display.6. Press F3 (Exit) to return to the Define or Change the System at IPL display, and press F3 again to

continue the IPL.


Some system values that you change do not take effect until the next IPL, while others take effectimmediately.

Security considerationsTo change system values, you must be signed on as QPGMR, QSYSOPR, or QSRV, or have all object(*ALLOBJ) authority. Certain system values can be changed only by a security officer (someone with allobject (*ALLOBJ) and security administrator (*SECADM) special authorities).

Related conceptsSystem values that control IPLYou can use these system values to control the type of initial program load (IPL) and the way the systemperforms an IPL. You can now work with all system values in System i Navigator.Related tasksDefining or changing the system at IPLOn the Define or Change the System at IPL display, you can change the system configuration, systemvalues, user profiles, and system, network, object, or file attributes during the initial program load (IPL).

Changing the IPL startup programA startup program changes the system resources that are started during an initial program load (IPL).The program also changes the resources and attributes assigned to the system resources that are startedduring an IPL. Typically, subsystems, writers, and Operational Assistant are launched by this program.

The autostart job in the controlling subsystem transfers control to the program that is specified in thestartup program to set the QSTRUPPGM system value. You can tailor this program.

You can create your own program and change the Startup program to set up the QSTRUPPGM systemvalue to that program name. Or, you can use the program QSTRUP in the QSYS library as a base to createyour own program. To do this, follow these steps:

1. Use the Create Source Physical File (CRTSRCPF) command to create a source file, for example,CRTSRCPF FILE(YOURLIB/YOURFILE).

2. Use the Retrieve CL Source (RTVCLSRC) command to retrieve the source of the program, for example,RTVCLSRC PGM(QSYS/QSTRUP) SRCFILE(YOURLIB/YOURFILE).

3. Change the program.4. Use the Create Control Language Program (CRTCLPGM) command to create the program, and then

save it to your own library.5. Test the program to ensure that it works.6. Change the Startup program to set up the QSTRUPPGM system value to the program name and library

you specified on the CRTCLPGM command.

Related conceptsRestart system values: Start-up program to set up system

Source for CL startup programHere you can check the detailed source information for the CL Startup program.

Note: By using the code examples, you agree to the terms of the “Code license and disclaimerinformation” on page 69.


Table 11. Source information for CL startup program

Object Command CL program source

QSTRUP CRTCLPGMPGMDCL VAR(&STRWTRS) TYPE(*CHAR) LEN(1)DCL VAR(&CTLSBSD) TYPE(*CHAR) LEN(20)DCL VAR(&CPYR) TYPE(*CHAR) LEN(90) VALUE('+5761-SS1 (C) COPYRIGHT IBM CORP 1980, 2016. +LICENSED MATERIAL - PROGRAM PROPERTY OF IBM')

QSYS/STRSBS SBSD(QSERVER)MONMSG MSGID(CPF0000)

QSYS/STRSBS SBSD(QUSRWRK)MONMSG MSGID(CPF0000)

QSYS/RLSJOBQ JOBQ(QGPL/QS36MRT)MONMSG MSGID(CPF0000)

QSYS/RLSJOBQ JOBQ(QGPL/QS36EVOKE)MONMSG MSGID(CPF0000)

QSYS/STRCLNUPMONMSG MSGID(CPF0000)

QSYS/RTVSYSVAL SYSVAL(QCTLSBSD) RTNVAR(&CTLSBSD)IF ((&CTLSBSD *NE 'QCTL QSYS ') +*AND (&CTLSBSD *NE 'QCTL QGPL ')) GOTO DONE

QSYS/STRSBS SBSD(QINTER)MONMSG MSGID(CPF0000)

QSYS/STRSBS SBSD(QBATCH)MONMSG MSGID(CPF0000)

QSYS/STRSBS SBSD(QCMN)MONMSG MSGID(CPF0000)

DONE:

QSYS/STRSBS SBSD(QSPL)MONMSG MSGID(CPF0000)

QSYS/RTVSYSVAL SYSVAL(QSTRPRTWTR) RTNVAR(&STRWTRS)IF (&STRWTRS = '0') GOTO NOWTRS

CALL PGM(QSYS/QWCSWTRS)MONMSG MSGID(CPF0000)

NOWTRS:

RETURNCHGVAR VAR(&CPYR) VALUE(&CPYR)ENDPGM

Startup program to set the (QSTRUPPGM) system valueThe program to set the QSTRUPPGM system value is the startup program. The QSTRUPPGM system valuespecifies the name of the program that is called from an autostart job when the controlling subsystem isstarted. This program performs setup functions, such as starting subsystems and printers.

This system value can only be changed by the security officer or by someone with security officerauthority. A change to this system value takes effect the next time an initial program load (IPL) isperformed.

The QSTRUPPGM system value can have these values:

• QSTRUP QSYS: The program that is specified is run as a result of a transfer of control to it from theautostart job in the controlling subsystem.

• *NONE: The autostart job ends normally without calling a program.

The default startup program QSTRUP in library QSYS performs the following actions:

• Starts the QSPL subsystem for spooled work


• Starts the QSERVER subsystem for file server work• Starts the QUSRWRK subsystem for user work• Releases the QS36MRT and QS36EVOKE job queues if they were held (these are used by the System/36

environment)• Starts Operational Assistant cleanup, if allowed• Starts all printer writers unless user specified not to on the IPL Options display• If the controlling subsystem is QCTL, it starts the QINTER, QBATCH, and QCMN subsystems

Table 12. Details of the default startup program QSYS/QSTRUP

Type Length Shipped CL value

Character 20 QSTRUP QSYS

Scheduling a system shutdown and restartYou can set up a schedule that automatically turns your system on and off at the time of day you set. Youcan also specify special circumstances that change the normal daily schedule, such as a holiday or specialclosing.

For some systems, you might want to regularly schedule routine shutdowns and startups. The operatingsystem supports this function by allowing you to define a schedule that alerts users to an upcomingshutdown, and then waits a predefined amount of time to allow users to finish their work and sign off.For example, you can define a schedule that must shut down your system Friday night and start it againMonday morning. The schedule also allows you to define a message that is sent to any signed-on users,and to specify how long to wait between sending the message and beginning the shutdown sequence.

To work with a schedule, type go power on any command line.

Related conceptsStarting the system without making configuration changes (unattended IPL)This is the most common way to start the system. Unattended initial program loads (IPLs) reset systemstorage and recognize any configuration changes automatically.Related tasksStopping the systemTurning off your system needs careful attention. If you turn off the system without following this topic,data might be damaged, or the system might behave in unpredictable ways.

Displaying the power-on and power-off scheduleThe power-on and power-off schedule ensures that the system is turned on and off at specific timesduring the day or night. You can view this schedule.

To view this schedule, follow these steps:

1. On any command line, type go power and press Enter.2. Select option 1 (Display power-on and power-off schedule) on the Power On and Off Tasks menu.

The power-on and power-off schedule shows the date, day, and time (using the 24-hour clock) that thesystem will be turned on and off. The Description column includes comments about those days that havebeen changed from the system's regular schedule. Any user can display this schedule.

Changing power-on and power-off schedule defaultsYou can change the current settings for your schedule.

To set up your own power-on and power-off schedule, select option 2 (Change power on and power offschedule) on the Power On and Off Tasks (POWER) menu. On the Change Power On/Off Schedule display,press F10 (Change power on/off defaults).

On this display, you can change the first day of the week by typing a number in the First day of week field.Also, the system automatically sends users a message telling them when the system will be turned off. In


the Minutes before turning off to send field, you can indicate the number of minutes before turning offthat you want the system to send this message.

When the system sends the power off message, you can delay the scheduled time for turning off from 30minutes to 3 hours when you reply to the message. Then the system will wait the time specified beforeturning off. You do not have another chance to delay the time.

For example, if you want the system turned on at 7:30 a.m. and off at 8:00 p.m. on Saturdays andSundays, type the new times in the Default Power On and Default Power Off columns next to Saturday andSunday. When you press Enter, your changes are shown on the Display Power On/Off Schedule and theChange Power On/Off Schedule displays.

Changing the power-on and power-off schedule for a single eventYou can create a one-time scheduled shutdown and startup, without adjusting the default schedule.

Use the Change Power On/Off Schedule display to change the power-on and power-off schedule for asingle day.

For example, to change the startup and shutdown time for the company picnic on Wednesday, May 3,follow these steps:

1. Type 14:30 in the Power Off column to turn the system off at 02:30 p.m. so the employees can attendthe picnic.

2. Type the reason for the change, Closing - Company picnic, in the Description column across from thedate and time and press Enter.

3. Type the start time 05:30 in the Power On column to turn the system back on Thursday, May 4.

To display the schedule starting on a different date, type the date you want to start with in the Start list atfield and press Enter. The information that is displayed begins with the date you specify.

Solving problems with the automatic power scheduleIf the power schedule is not working, use this topic for diagnosis.

• Make sure that the Start Cleanup (STRCLNUP) command is part of your startup program.• The automatic power scheduler uses a job called QSYSSCD to process the requests for schedule

changes. The Start Cleanup (STRCLNUP) command must be run to start the QSYSSCD job. The IBM-supplied startup program includes the Start Cleanup (STRCLNUP) command. If you have your ownstartup program from a previous release, it might not contain the Start Cleanup (STRCLNUP) command.

• Make sure that you specify Yes on the Change Cleanup (CHGCLNUP) command to allow automaticcleanup. The QSYSSCD job will not start if you do not allow automatic cleanup.

• Make sure that the Start Cleanup (STRCLNUP) command submits the QSYSSCD job to the job queuespecified in the Change Cleanup (CHGCLNUP) command.

• Check to see if the QSYSSCD job is running; it could be on a held job queue.• Make sure that the job queue to which the Start Cleanup (STRCLNUP) command is submitted has the

Maximum jobs parameter set to *NOMAX or a number greater than 1. Because the QSYSSCD job alwaysruns, the other jobs that perform automatic cleanup and turn-off functions are not able to start if theMaximum jobs parameter is set to 1. To change the Maximum jobs parameter on the job queue entry,use the Change Job Queue Entry (CHGJOBQE) command.

• Make sure that the mode is set to Normal or Auto.

Related conceptsOperating mode of an IPL


The operating mode determines the number of options that are presented to the operator forconsideration during and after the initial program load (IPL). It can also secure (lock) the control panel toprevent an unauthorized or inadvertent IPL from the control panel.

Causes of abnormal IPLsThese situations can cause an abnormal initial program load (IPL).

• Using the End Job Abnormal (ENDJOBABN) command. To see if this command has been used, look formessage CPC1124 in the job log.

• Using option 7 (Start a service tool) and then option 7 (Operator panel function) on the DedicatedService Tool (DST) menu.

• Using the Power button (on the control panel) instead of the Power Down System (PWRDWNSYS)command.

• Displaying a power failure before all data is written from main storage to disk.• Using any B900 xxxx system reference code (where xxxx is any number or letter) during the start of the

operating system phase of the IPL.• Ending with a system reference code of B900 3F10, if the PWRDWNSYS command did not complete

processing.• Causing the system to end by any function check in the controlling subsystem.• Issuing a PWRDWNSYS command in the primary partition without first powering down secondary

partitions.• The system going down when database recovery has not completed during the IPL.

Note: If the ENDJOBABN command is issued, message CPI0990 will be in QHST. For all other reasons,message CPI091D will be in QHST stating why the IPL is abnormal.

Related informationService and support

Signing on to the systemThe IBM i operating system requires users to sign on to the system before they gain access to anysystem functions. This provides an important measure of security and allows for each user's session to becustomized.

In addition to checking the password, the operating system uses the sign-on operation to accessthe specified user profile. The operating system uses this profile to customize the displays, providingconsideration for the user's language and available functions.

Signing on to the system using System i NavigatorYou can sign on to the system from System i Navigator. Then you can access functions on the system.

To sign on to the system from System i Navigator, follow these steps:

1. Select a system.2. At the IBM i Signon prompt, enter your user ID and password.

Signing on to the system using the character-based interfaceYou can sign on to the system from the character-based interface. Then you can obtain access to systemfunctions.

To sign on to the system using the character-based interface, follow these steps:

1. Type your user ID and password and fill in any of the optional entry fields you want to use.Use the Tab key to move the cursor from field to field on the display.

Notes:


• The Password field is displayed only if password security is active on the system.• The top right corner of the Sign On displays the name of the system you are using, the subsystem the

system is using, and the display station identifier (ID).2. Press Enter.

If this is an unattended IPL, one or more of the following displays is shown, depending on what optionsyou select on this display or what is defined in your user profile:

• The Main Menu is displayed.• Another menu is displayed.• A program or procedure is run.• A current library is inserted into your library list.

If you specify a program or procedure to run and a menu to be displayed, the program or procedure isrun first and then the menu is shown.

After signing on, you can change your system password.

Now that your system is up and running, be aware of the following aspects:

• The Operational Assistant displays are now the default.• The system cleanup functions are automatically started with default values.• The Attention key program displays the Operational Assistant (ASSIST) menu (the default).

Changing your passwordDuring the installation of the IBM i licensed program, you might need to enter the system password for theinitial program load (IPL) to continue.

When you install the IBM i licensed program, the licensed program runs a check to detect system modelchanges, certain service conditions, and ownership changes.

If the licensed program detects these changes or conditions, you are prompted to enter the systempassword before IPL can continue. If no changes or conditions are recognized, the IPL continues withouta request for the system password.

You must enter the correct system password to complete the IPL. If the system password is notavailable, you or your service representative can temporarily bypass entering the system password fora limited time. When the bypass period starts, immediately contact your marketing representative, whowill have IBM send you the correct system password. To order the system password, ask your marketingrepresentative to order nonstandard RPQ S40345 if you are in the United States, Asia-Pacific, Canada,Latin America, or Japan. If you are in Europe, Middle East, or Asia, request nonstandard RPQ S40346.

Related conceptsChanging the system during IPL (attended IPL)If you want to change initial program load (IPL) options, to install the operating system, to use dedicatedservice tools, to work with logical partitions, or to recover from a system failure, you need to perform anattended IPL. These situations might require you to enter information or change system values.

Changing the system passwordYou can change the system password during the initial program load (IPL).

• If you have just installed new hardware, you might need to change the system password during thefirst IPL. To do this, follow these steps:a) Select option 1 (Change the system password) on the Verification of System Password Failed

display.The following system information about the Change the System Password display is shown:

– System serial number– System type number


– System model number– System password version– Processor card serial number

b) Type the password in the blank field and press Enter.If you do not know the system password, press F12 (Cancel) and select option 2 (Bypass thesystem password) on the Verification of System Password Failed display.

• To change the system password when your system is operational, follow these steps:a) Perform an attended IPL.b) Select option 1 (Change the system password) on the Verification of System Password Failed

display.c) Type the password in the blank field and press Enter.

Bypassing the system passwordYou can use the Verification of System Password Failed display to bypass the system password.

Bypass the system password in these situations:

• You do not know or cannot find the system password.• You guess the system password and get a message stating that the password you entered is incorrect.

Note: If you type the password incorrectly five times, you must perform the initial program load (IPL)again.

To bypass the system password during the first IPL, follow these steps:

1. Select option 2 (Bypass the system password) on the Verification of System Password Failed display.2. Read the information about the Bypass the System Password display.

Remember to contact your marketing representative immediately to obtain the system passwordbefore the bypass period runs out.

3. Press F9 (Bypass) to continue the IPL.

When the IPL has finished, you will receive hourly messages that tell how much time is left in the bypassperiod.

When you receive the password, you can enter it by following these steps:

• Perform an attended IPL and select option 1 (Change the system password) on the Verification ofSystem Password Failed display.

• Perform an attended IPL and select option 1 (Change the system password) on the Bypass Period hasEnded display.

Stopping the systemTurning off your system needs careful attention. If you turn off the system without following this topic,data might be damaged, or the system might behave in unpredictable ways.

Before you turn off your system, complete the following steps:

1. Make sure that all batch jobs are finished and that users are signed off the system.a) Send a message that interrupts all users that are signed on to the system, telling them to sign off.

To do this, follow these steps:

i) On any command line, type GO MANAGESYS and press Enter.ii) Select option 12 (Work with signed-on users) on the Manage Your System, Users, and Devices

(MANAGESYS) menu.

Note: If the Work with User Jobs display is shown, you need to switch to basic assistance levelusing F21 (Select assistance level).

iii) Press F10 (Send message to all) on the Work with Signed-On Users display.


iv) Type the message in the Message text field on the Send a Message display and press F10(Send).

b) Wait for the users to sign off.c) Check to make sure that all users have signed off by pressing F5 (Refresh) on the Work with

Signed-On Users display.When everyone is signed off the system, the display shows only your job. To sign someone off thesystem, use option 4 (Sign off).

Note: If you have separate interactive subsystems other than the controlling subsystem, you mightwant to stop the interactive subsystems when the users have signed off. This prevents them fromsigning on again before you stop the system. To work with each active subsystem in the system,use the Work with Subsystems (WRKSBS) command. To end the specified subsystem (or all activesubsystems), use the End Subsystem (ENDSBS) command.

2. Check the status of any batch jobs that might be affected if the system is powered down.a) On any command line, type GO MANAGESYS and press Enter.b) Select option 11 (Work with jobs) on the Manage Your System, Users, and Devices (MANAGESYS)

menu.

Note: If the Work with User Jobs display is shown, you need to switch to basic assistance levelusing F21.

c) Press F14 (Select other jobs) on the Work with Jobs display.d) Type *all in the User field.e) Type an N in every field except the Message waiting, Running, and Running job held fields.

The Work with Jobs display is shown again with the batch jobs listed.f) If any job queues have jobs waiting to run, press F22 (Work with job queues) to see the Work with

Job Queues display.g) Hold any job queues that have jobs waiting to run on the Work with Job Queues display. Release

these job queues when you start the system again.h) Press F12 (Cancel) to return to the Work with Jobs display.i) Press F5 (Refresh) every few minutes until all batch jobs have completed processing.

3. Check for removable media.a) Check to see if there are any tapes in any tape units or CD-ROMs in any optical units.b) Remove any tapes or CD-ROM currently in the unit.

The IBM i operating system provides several ways to safely turn off your system:

• Use the Power Down System (PWRDWNSYS) command to either perform a controlled shutdownoperation or to shut down the system immediately.

• You can stop the system using the Power On and Off Tasks (POWER) menu. To get to the Power On andOff Tasks menu, type go power on any command line and press Enter.

• You can set up a schedule that automatically turns your system on and off. You can determine the timeof day that you want the system turned on and off. You can also specify special circumstances thatchange the normal daily schedule, such as a holiday or special closing.

• In emergencies you can stop the system by using the Power button. However, using the Power buttonmight cause errors with your data files and other objects on the system.

Related conceptsScheduling a system shutdown and restartYou can set up a schedule that automatically turns your system on and off at the time of day you set. Youcan also specify special circumstances that change the normal daily schedule, such as a holiday or specialclosing.Subsystems, job queues, and memory pools


You can control work on the system by working with the resources used to process jobs. Subsystems, jobqueues, and memory pools are the basic parts of work management. You can work with subsystems andjob queues to manage specific jobs or to adjust the system's work flow.Controlled shutdown conceptsRelated tasksNormal control panel functionsThese instructions show how to use normal control panel functions 01 through 49. Functions 21 through49 are available when you select the Manual mode.Related referencePower Down System (PWRDWNSYS) commandRelated informationWork with Subsystems (WRKSBS) commandEnd Subsystem (ENDSBS) command

Turning off the system immediatelyRegardless of the system mode, you can stop the system by using the Power Down System(PWRDWNSYS) command on any command line.

Type PWRDWNSYS and press F4 to view the power down options. You must have QSYSOPR authority touse the Power Down System (PWRDWNSYS) command. If this command does not work on your system,use the following methods.

Turning off the system immediately1. Type go power on any command line to display the Power on and Off Tasks (POWER) menu.2. Select option 3 (Power off the system immediately) if you want to keep the power off until the next

time the system is scheduled to power on.3. Press F16 (Confirm) to confirm your choice to turn off the system immediately. An immediate

shutdown occurs, which causes the subsystems to end all active jobs.

Turning off the system and restart immediately1. Select option 4 (Power off the system immediately and then power on) on the Power On and Off Tasks

(POWER) menu.2. Press F16 (Confirm) to confirm your choice. The system stops running and then starts again

automatically.

Notes:

1. Do not turn the modem on or off when the system is turned off and is made ready for remote initialprogram load (IPL). Otherwise, the system might start unexpectedly, although it turns itself off in a fewminutes.

2. If you stop the system using the automatic power schedule or one of the options on the Power Onand Off Tasks (POWER) menu, the IPL date and time system value (QIPLDATTIM) is checked and, ifnecessary, reset to the next scheduled power-on time. This checking does not occur if you turn off thesystem in another way, so the system might not turn on automatically. To force the power schedule toupdate the Date and time (QIPLDATTIM) system value, enter the following command on any commandline: CHGPWRSCDE DAY(*TODAY) PWRONTIME(*SAME) PWROFFTIME(*SAME)


Using the Power buttonIf you cannot use option 3 (Power off the system immediately) or option 4 (Power off the systemimmediately and then power on) on the Power On and Off Tasks (POWER) menu to stop the system,you can turn off the system using the Power button when the mode is set to Manual.

Note: Using the Power button to turn off the system might cause results that cannot be predicted in yourdata files, and the next initial program load (IPL) will take longer to complete. Using the Power button toturn off the system will turn off all logical partitions.

Make sure that there are no tapes in the tape units or diskettes in the diskette units, and that the mode isset to Manual.

Do not turn the modem on or off when the system is turned off and is made ready for remote IPL.Otherwise, the system might start unexpectedly, although it turns itself off in a few minutes.

To turn off the system using the Power button, follow these steps:

1. On the control panel, press the Power button.The Function/Data display flashes with 0 (the international turn off symbol).

2. Press the Power button again.The Power On light flashes as the system is being turned off. When the system is completely turned off,the light goes off.

Note: If the system does not turn the power off within 30 minutes, wait for the System Attentionlight to come on. When the System Attention light comes on, go to Service and support, andTroubleshooting and follow the steps necessary to solve the problem.

System values that control IPLYou can use these system values to control the type of initial program load (IPL) and the way the systemperforms an IPL. You can now work with all system values in System i Navigator.

To work with system values in System i Navigator, select your system > Configuration and Service >System Values.

If you do not have a System i Navigator connection, you can still use these system values through thecharacter-based interface. From the character-based interface, change or display these values using theWork with System Values (WRKSYSVAL) command.

Allow scheduled restart (QIPLDATTIM)The Allow scheduled restart (QIPLDATTIM) system value sets the date and time for a scheduled restart.

From System i Navigator, select your system > Configuration and Service > System Values > Restart >General.

To set the date and time format, use the Date and Time (QDATFMT, QDATSEP, QTIMSEP) system values.

Previous restart type (QIPLSTS)The Previous restart type system value displays the way the system performed the last IPL. You cannotchange this system value.

From System i Navigator, select your system > Configuration and Service > System Values > Restart >Previous. When needed, use the help associated with the display.

Operator panel restart (0) The restart operation occurred when requestedfrom the operator panel or from Dedicated ServiceTools (DST) for a secondary partition.


Automatic restart after power restored (1) The restart operation occurred automatically whenpower was restored after a power failure. You canspecify this type of restart operation in the Restartoptions on the General page.

Restart (2) The restart operation occurred when a userrequested turning off the system and restarting it.

Time-of-day restart (3) The restart operation occurred automatically onthe date and time specified for Scheduled restarton the General page.

Remote restart (4) A remote restart operation occurred. You canspecify this type of restart operation in the Restartoptions on the General page.

Type of restart (QIPLTYPE)The Type of restart system value defines the type of IPL the system performs from the control panel.

From System i Navigator, select your system > Configuration and Service > System Values > Restart >General. When needed, use the help associated with the display.

Unattended (0) An unattended IPL. No displays requiring userinteraction are shown during the restart. Thenormal signon display is shown when the restartis complete. If the system is in manual mode, anattended IPL is performed instead.

Attended (1) An attended IPL. Start the system with an operator.All dedicated service tools functions are availablealong with the full set of restart displays. Anunattended IPL is done if it is done remotely, bydate and time, or after power failure.

Attended, console in debug mode (2) An attended IPL in debug mode. Restarts thesystem and leaves the controller QCTL and deviceQCONSOLE varied on. Select this only for problemanalysis, as it prevents other devices on theworkstation controller from being used.

Automatically restart after power failure (QPWRRSTIPL)With the Automatically restart after power failure system value, you can specify whether to enable thesystem to automatically restart when a power failure occurs.


Not selected (0) Does not do an automatic restart after a powerfailure.

Selected (1) Does an automatic restart after a power failure.

Allow remote power-on and restart (QRMTIPL)Use the Allow remote power-on and restart system value to start the remote system by using yourtelephone and a modem or the system power control network (SPCN) signal. This means that anytelephone call causes the system to restart.



Not selected (0) Does not allow a remote restart.

Selected (1) Allows a remote restart.

When power failure occurs (QUPSDLYTIM)The When power failure occurs (QUPSDLYTIM) system value controls the length of time the system waitsbefore saving main storage and turning off the system. If utility power is restored before the time ends,the system ends the timer. If the timer ends first, the system begins to save main storage or goes intocontinuously powered main storage (CPM).

From System i Navigator, select your system > Configuration and Service > System Values > PowerControl > General.

There are five choices for the QUPSDLYTIM value.

Automatically power down the entire system (0) The system automatically turns down when systemutility power fails.

Power down system after time interval(1-99999)

Specifies the delay time in seconds before theutility power fails.

Power down system, retain power on main tower(*BASIC)

Turns down only the processor, I/O processorcards, and load source storage. The appropriatewait time, in seconds, is calculated. (This must beused only if you have the battery power unit or anuninterruptable power supply without every rackbeing connected.)

Power down system, system calculates delaytime (*CALC)

The appropriate wait time (in seconds) iscalculated. This value must be used only if youhave a 9402 or 9404 system with a battery powerunit.

Do not automatically power down system(*NOMAX)

*NOMAX is used when a user supplied programis controlling the turning down of the system or agenerator is providing unlimited power. The systemdoes not start any action on its own.

Message queue and library (QUPSMSGQ)Use the Message queue and library system value to specify where you want your messages sent when thepower to the system is interrupted. The default values are QSYSOPR for the message queue and QSYS forthe library.

From System i Navigator, select your system > Configuration and Service > System Values > PowerControl > General. When needed, use the help associated with the display.

This system value sends the messages to the system operator's message queue when power to thesystem is interrupted.

Message queue Specifies another message queue (in addition tothe system operator's message queue) wheremessages are sent when power to the system isinterrupted.

Library Specifies the library where the other messagequeue is located.


Related conceptsStarting the system without making configuration changes (unattended IPL)This is the most common way to start the system. Unattended initial program loads (IPLs) reset systemstorage and recognize any configuration changes automatically.Changing the system during IPL (attended IPL)If you want to change initial program load (IPL) options, to install the operating system, to use dedicatedservice tools, to work with logical partitions, or to recover from a system failure, you need to perform anattended IPL. These situations might require you to enter information or change system values.Changing system values during IPLSystem values control information that affects the operation of certain parts of the system. On the SystemValue Commands display, you can change system values that affect initial program load (IPL) or otherareas of the system.Restart system values: Allow scheduled restartRestart system values: Previous restart typeRestart system values: Type of restartRestart system values: Automatically restart after power failureRestart system values: Allow remote power-on and restartPower control system values: When power failure occursPower control system values: Message queue and libraryRelated tasksInternational system values: Date and time (QDATFMT, QDATSEP, QTIMSEP)

IBM i conceptsIBM i is the operating system for the IBM i platform. It manages hardware and software resources, andprovides an interface that you can use to work with the system. To best use the operating system, youneed to be familiar with some system concepts.

Basic work managementJobs All work done by the operating system is divided into units called jobs. Learn about the

types of jobs, and how to find, monitor, and work with them on the system.

Subsystems,queues, andmemorypools

Control work on the system by working with the resources used to process jobs.

Objects Everything on the system that can be worked with is considered an object. Objectsprovide a common interface for working with system components. Learn about thedifferent kinds of objects and how to work with them.

System maintenanceLogs andjournals

Record keeping is an important way for the system to protect data and track systemproblems. Learn what logs and journals are for and how to use them.

Softwarefixes

Recent versions of IBM i software add functions and solve known problems. Learn how toinstall and manage software and software updates.

Additional reference information can be found in the IBM glossary.

Related referencei5/OS glossary


MessagesMessages are communications sent from another user, from the operating system, or from an application.

Messages are communications that are sent from a person, a program, or the operating system toa message queue. Every user profile and workstation has a message queue associated with it. Allmessage queues are named after the user or workstation that they are associated with, and get createdautomatically when the user signs on to the system for the first time, or when the workstation is firstdefined. The message queue for the QSYSOPR profile is particularly important because the system sendsmany messages about job completion and system status to the QSYSOPR message queue.

Working with messagesYou can use System i Navigator to display, reply to, and send messages. To work with messages, expandBasic Operations, and click Messages. System i Navigator displays all the messages for either yourmessage queue, or a specified message queue. To reply to, delete, or view the properties for a specificmessage, right-click the message and select the required action. To send a message, right-click Messagesin System i Navigator, and click Send a message.

Also, your system administrator can set up a message monitor in System i Navigator to watch for andhandle messages.

Related conceptsDetails: Message queuesScenario: Message monitor

IBM i commandsThe operating system uses control language (CL) commands to interpret instructions from users. Youneed to know the basic rules for using CL, and how to get detailed help for any CL command.

CL provides a powerful and flexible means of entering commands on the system. You can use CL tocontrol most of the operating system functions by entering them from the character-based interface, byincluding them in programs, or by sending commands in System i Navigator. While the IBM i menu systemand CL commands might be unfamiliar at first, they follow an easy-to-use syntax, and the operatingsystem includes many features to help you use them successfully.

CL command syntaxCL commands consist of a verb, an object, and sometimes an adjective; for example, WRKACTJOB:

Verb Adjective Object

WRK ACT JOB

Work Active Job

One of the important features of CL syntax is that it is consistent. For example, regardless of the object orcommand you want to work with, using the verb WRK in the command starts a menu that allows you toperform the available actions on the specified object.

Entering CL commandsYou can enter CL commands from System i Navigator by selecting Run a command from the taskpad. InSystem i Navigator, a taskpad is a view of system tasks that lets a user interact with operating systemfunctions. It contains a set of interrelated tasks that either perform a function or launch help that explainshow to perform a function. Alternatively, you can enter CL commands from any command line and mostdisplays on the character-based interface.

Every command has a set of required and optional parameters. For example, Create Library (CRTLIB)requires, at a minimum, that you specify the name of the library that you want to create. The syntax


for more complex CL commands is command_name parameter (value). For example, CRTLIB LIB (FRED)enters the verb create on the object type library, and specifies that the required parameter LIB, the libraryname, must have the value FRED. This command causes the operating system to create a library calledFRED.

If you are not familiar with the parameters associated with a CL command, you can enter the commandwith the parameters you already know, place the cursor on the command, and press F4 (Prompt).The system then displays the available options for the command. Entering a command without anyparameters also causes the system to prompt you for any required fields, making field-level helpavailable. For example, entering CRTLIB causes the system to show the following display.

Entering a ? in any field brings up detailed help for that parameter.

Getting help with CL commandsThe operating system provides several methods for helping users access and enter CL commands. TheCommand Entry program provides a useful interface and additional help. You can start this program byentering CALL QCMD from a command line. The CL finder in the information center can also help you finda specific command. Most importantly, remember that entering a command without any parameters, orpressing F4 (Prompt) while your cursor is over the command, displays a menu with detailed help for allassociated parameters.

Related conceptsUsing system interfacesDepending on the type of connection to the system and the task you need to perform, several options areavailable for system interfaces. You can access and use your system by the System i® Navigator interface,by the character-based interface, and by wireless clients.ObjectsEverything on the system that can be worked with is considered an object. Objects provide a commoninterface for working with system components. This topic discusses the different kinds of objects and howto work with them.Related referenceControl languageCL commands that operate on i5/OS objectsRelated informationCL command finder


Security and user authorityThe operating system determines which resources users might access based on information in their userprofiles and the security strategy implemented for this system.

Security is a critical part of system operations. It is built into the operating system, and impacts nearlyevery function on the system. The IBM i security environment determines the commands and functionsavailable to users, and the objects they can access.

Typically the security strategy restricts the objects a user can access. For systems with object-levelsecurity, there are several ways to provide authority to access objects. Often, user profiles will explicitlygrant types of access to specific objects. To simplify the task of managing all these permissions,authorization lists can specify groups of objects, and users can be given access to these lists. Accessingthese lists then provides access to all of the objects the list specifies.

The level of system security and other more detailed security practices often affect system operations.The following concepts are important for understanding user requirements in various securityenvironments.

Securitylevels

The operating system operates in one of several predefined levels of security. Thesecurity level currently in effect determines the level of detail that user profiles mustprovide to grant appropriate access to system resources. This level of detail can rangefrom simple password management to explicitly providing a level of access to each objectthat a user can read or change.

Securitysystemvalues

Many more detailed aspects of system security are set by the system values. Thesesystem values set the security level, and grant or restrict options like adopted authority.

User profiles The user profile contains most of the authorizations and preferences for individual usersor groups. You can use System i Navigator to create and manage users and groups acrossthe system.

Authorization lists

You can create authorization lists that specify groups of objects. Users and groups canthen be authorized to this list, granting them authority to everything that list contains.

Also, security settings regarding policies and authorization lists are available in System i Navigator underSecurity.

Related conceptsSystem values

Authority to access objectsDepending on the security level and other security settings, users might be given several levels of accessto objects on the system.

Table 13. Levels of accessing authority

Access Description

All object Grants unrestricted access to every object on the system.

Object Grants access to specified objects.

Object data Grants access to the data contained in specified objects.

public Grants default access to public objects

Assume that a user needs authorization to add, change and delete data in a database, but does not needto delete tables or the database itself. The user can be granted object data-level authority, rather thanobject-level authority.


Note: Adopted authority will grant users access to objects called by an object they are working with.Administrators can allow or restrict adopted authority with security system values.

Security levelsThe operating system operates in one of several predefined levels of security. The security level currentlyin effect determines the level of detail that user profiles must provide to grant appropriate access tosystem resources. This level of detail can range from simple password management to explicitly providinga level of access to each object that a user can read or change.

Security on your system is arranged in a series of levels or classes, each offering a greater degree ofsecurity and protection of your data than the previous. Select the level that best meets the needs of yourorganization.

You can use System i Navigator to change these settings on a single system or across multiple systems.

Level 20This level is referred to as password security. That is, users must have a password and user ID thatis recognized by your system to gain access to the system. Both the user ID and initial password arecreated for users by the system administrator.

This level of security offers all users on the system total authority to do anything they want. Thatmeans they can access all data, files, objects, and so on, on your system. This might be appropriatefor small businesses where internal security is a low priority, but will likely be inappropriate forlarger businesses that do not want every employee to be able to access confidential payroll files, forexample.

Level 30This level is referred to as resource security. That is, users must have a valid user ID and passworddefined for them by the system administrator, and no longer have automatic access to everything onthe system. User access is limited by the security policies of the business.

Level 40This level is referred to as system integrity security. That is, at this level, the system itself is protectedagainst users. User-written programs cannot directly access the internal control blocks throughpointer manipulation.

Level 40 is the default security level for every new installation.

Level 50This level is referred to as enhanced system integrity security. Level 50 is the recommended level ofsecurity for most businesses, because it offers the highest level of security currently possible. Notonly is the system protected against user-written programs, but it ensures that users only have accessto data on the system, rather than information about the system itself. This offers greater securityagainst anyone attempting to learn about your system.

Related informationPlanning and setting up system securitySecurity reference

User profilesThe user profile contains most of the authorizations and preferences for individual users or groups. WithSystem i Navigator, you can create and manage users and groups across the system.

User profiles contain the information that the system requires to allow users to sign on to a system,to access their own customized session, including their own message and output queue, and to accessfunctions and objects to which they have been granted authority.

A user profile includes:

• A system user profile name• The user's privileges and limitations


• A list of objects the user owns or is authorized to use• A reference to a message queue• A reference to an output queue• Information about which groups the user is a member of (up to 16)• Information about the user's last sign-on• Job attributes, such as description and priority, the initial program to call, and the initial library list• National language settings• Other attributes, such as the user ID (UID), group ID (GID), and home directory

User profiles can be included in group profiles. In this way, all group members share attributes, access tospecific objects, and ownership of objects. Group profiles can simplify many user administration tasks byallowing you to apply a single change to many users.

System i Navigator's user administration function provides convenient ways to manage users and groupsacross the system.

Working with user profilesUse System i Navigator to create and manage user profiles and groups if your own user profile has therequired authority. Expand Users and groups to create and manage user profiles. Additionally, you canuse this function to perform some common actions on a selected user, such as sending a message, andworking with that user's jobs and objects.

Related conceptsManaging users and groups with Management Central

Authorization listsAuthorization lists consist of a list of users or groups, the type of authority (use, change, and exclude) foreach user or group, and a list of objects to which this list provides access.

Providing each user with explicit access to every object the user needs to work with might create a greatdeal of duplicated effort because many users need to access the same group of objects. A much easierway to provide this access is to create authorization lists. Users and groups can then be authorized to thislist, which grants them authority to everything that the list contains.

To work with authorization lists, open Security in System i Navigator and select Authorization lists.

For example, an authorization list can be created to contain a list of objects related to an inventorydatabase. A user responsible for ordering new inventory items can be granted authority to see thecontents of the database objects. Additionally, a user group in shipping and receiving needs to update thisdatabase as parts come in and out of stock. This group can have authority to change the contents of theobjects.

Files and file systemsFiles and file systems present information about database file management, spooled files, tape files, andthe integrated file system capabilities of the IBM i platform.

Integrated file systemFiles in the operating system are significantly different from their counterparts in the UNIX and Windowsoperating systems. In the operating system, a file is another kind of object on your system. Each file hasa description that describes its characteristics and how the data associated with the file is organized.Whenever the operating system processes a file, it uses this description.

In addition to differences in handling files, the operating system also uses unique structures to store thefiles and other objects on the system. However, the integrated file system in System i Navigator might look


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familiar to people who are used to a hierarchy based on the Windows operating system. UNIX users mightrecognize some elements of this hierarchy, as well as the presence of file pointers.

You can access the integrated file system in System i Navigator. With the integrated file system, you canfind, change, and copy files and libraries on your system by navigating through a hierarchy that is similarto Windows Explorer. You can use the integrated file system to copy data files onto your client PC.

Database file managementLearn about traditional file management functions that your application uses in creating and accessingdata on the system and in ensuring the integrity of the data. File management is the part of the operatingsystem that controls the storing and accessing of traditional file objects (*FILE objects in the QSYS.LIBlibrary) on the system.

Spooled filesSpooling is a system function that saves data in a database file for later processing or printing. Withspooled files, you can manage your data files on attached devices, such as a diskette or printer.

Tape filesTape files are device files that provide access to attached tape devices. The Tape files topic collectiondescribes the characteristics and use of tape device files for application programs. This topic alsoprovides information about storing and accessing data from a tape device, and conceptual informationabout tape, tape data files, and tape device files.

Related conceptsObjectsEverything on the system that can be worked with is considered an object. Objects provide a commoninterface for working with system components. This topic discusses the different kinds of objects and howto work with them.Database file managementSecuring the integrated file systemRelated informationSpooled files and output queues

IBM i restricted stateAt times, it is necessary to place the operating system in restricted state. This is a concept unique to theoperating system and must only be performed when necessary.

Restricted state is a condition that occurs when all subsystems are ended, either manually orautomatically by the system. When the operating system is in restricted state, most jobs cannot be active,and users cannot connect to the system. You need to ensure that information is saved and that othersystems, such as a Windows server, are properly powered down before putting the operating system inrestricted state. If not, there is a high risk that you will lose data.

The following examples show the most common tasks that require or highly recommend restricted statestatus:

Performing a full system backupWhen a full system backup is performed, the operating system is automatically placed in restrictedstate. Restricted status is required because the system requires sole access to everything it is backingup.

Saving multiple itemsYou should put the operating system in a restricted state when backing up multiple items, such aslibraries, documents, directories, and storage. As was previously stated, the system requires soleaccess to each object it is backing up. If the system is not in restricted state and someone is using alibrary when the system tries to back it up, the save operation will not complete successfully.


Software installation and upgradeAt various points during a software installation or upgrade, the operating system is required to be in arestricted state. During these procedures, you are given instructions on how to do this.

There are many more situations where certain tasks require that you perform this operation. Theindividual tasks will include specific requirements and instructions. When required, you can place theoperating system in restricted state by entering the following command at a command line, type ENDSBSSBS(*ALL) OPTION(*CNTRLD) DELAY(600) and press Enter.

Notes:

• For the Delay parameter, specify a number of seconds that allows your system time to bring most jobsto a normal end. On a large, busy system, you might need a longer delay. For more information, use theonline command help.

• The End System command (ENDSYS) will also put the system into restricted state.

The system sends messages to the QSYSOPR message queue. These messages indicate that thesubsystems ended, and that the system is in the restricted state.

JobsAll work done by the operating system is divided into units called jobs. Jobs are how the operating systemorganizes, tracks, and processes work.

A job typically includes all of the information the system requires to complete a specific task. Thisinformation might include data files, programs, and instructions for processing and tracking the jobthroughout its processing. Jobs vary greatly in their complexity, ranging from simple tasks, like printinga specified document, to complex procedures, like generating reports based on information spreadthroughout the system. Tracking and managing jobs is an important part of normal system operation.

Jobs are an essential part of work management. To learn more about how jobs are processed, includingworking with subsystems and job queues, see The structure of your system. For an example of how jobsmove through the system, see A job's life.

Working with jobsYou can work with jobs in System i Navigator. Jobs in the Basic Operations folder displays all the jobsassociated with the current user. To display other jobs, right-click the Jobs folder, and select Customizethis view > Include. The Server Jobs - Include window allows you to limit the list of server jobs displayedin the System i Navigator window to those that meet the criteria you specify.

Alternately, you can see the jobs submitted by the system by clicking Work Management > Server jobs,or view the jobs currently being processed by clicking Work Management > Active jobs.

The following display shows the jobs in System i Navigator.


Figure 3. Job display in System i Navigator

After finding the jobs you want to work with, you can display their attributes or change their queue,priority, messages, and other features by right-clicking the job and clicking Properties. Additionally, yoursystem administrator might decide to set up a job monitor to work with some jobs.

Related conceptsManaging jobsRelated tasksCreating a new monitor

Subsystems, job queues, and memory poolsYou can control work on the system by working with the resources used to process jobs. Subsystems, jobqueues, and memory pools are the basic parts of work management. You can work with subsystems andjob queues to manage specific jobs or to adjust the system's work flow.

To efficiently use system resources, different types of jobs require different processing instructions andsystem resources. To meet this need, the operating system creates unique operating environments calledsubsystems. Each subsystem has a set of system resources, especially a memory pool, that determineshow quickly it can process jobs. Subsystems also have unique processing instructions and, in many cases,at least one associated job queue. The job queues hold incoming jobs from the users or applications untilan associated subsystem has available resources. The job then moves from its queue into the subsystemwhere it is processed based on the instructions and resources available to that subsystem. Finally, anyoutput that results from job processing gets handled and routed by the instructions in the job description.

During this process, you might want to monitor a job's progress or adjust its priority. Also, if the system ishaving trouble processing certain types of jobs, you might need to adjust the subsystems resources.


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Working with subsystems, job queues and memory poolsWith System i Navigator, you can view subsystem properties, view job queues that are in use by an activesubsystem, start and stop a subsystem, and adjust memory pools. These functions are available underWork Management in System i Navigator. However, some subsystem commands are only available fromthe character-based interface.

Related conceptsThe structure of your systemA job's lifeSubsystemsMemory poolsManaging subsystemsManaging memory poolsRelated tasksStopping the systemTurning off your system needs careful attention. If you turn off the system without following this topic,data might be damaged, or the system might behave in unpredictable ways.

ObjectsEverything on the system that can be worked with is considered an object. Objects provide a commoninterface for working with system components. This topic discusses the different kinds of objects and howto work with them.

One of the differences between the IBM i operating system and other operating systems is the conceptof objects. Anything that you can change in the operating system is a type of object. For example,data files, programs, libraries, queues, user profiles, and device descriptions are all types of objects. Bytreating everything as an object, the operating system can provide all of these items with an interface thatdefines what actions users can perform, and how the operating system needs to treat the encapsulateddata. Additionally, this interface allows for standardized commands across different system elements; thecommands for working with user profiles and data files are similar.

One important type of object is the library. Libraries are essentially containers, or organizationalstructures for other objects, and you can use libraries to reference other objects on your system. Librariescan contain many objects, and can be associated with a specific user profile or application. The onlylibrary that can contain other libraries is called QSYS. It contains all other libraries on the system.

There are many different types of objects in the operating system. Finding objects and performing actionson them are basic functions of system operations.

Related conceptsIBM i commandsThe operating system uses control language (CL) commands to interpret instructions from users. Youneed to know the basic rules for using CL, and how to get detailed help for any CL command.Files and file systemsFiles and file systems present information about database file management, spooled files, tape files, andthe integrated file system capabilities of the IBM i platform.i5/OS objectsCL commands that operate on i5/OS objects

Logs and journalsProtecting the data and system resources is a critical part of the operating system. One important waythat the IBM i operating system accomplishes that goal is to keep detailed records of any changes to


system resources. These records, called logs or journals, can help solve system problems or recoverdamaged data.

LogsA log is a database file that contains the history of backup, archive, recovery, and media managementoperations that can be displayed online or printed for future reference. Logs are used in backup andrecovery situations. Logs can also contain information about jobs, general system information, andproblems.

Table 14. Types of logs

Log Description

Job logs Track the description, status, and action of jobs performed by the system.

History logs Get general system information, like device changes, operator messages, job completionand other activities.

Problem logs Retrieve records of system problems that occurred on a system.

JournalsA journal is a system object that contains information about changes made to another system object.The journal can be used to recover database files, data areas, data queues, and integrated file systemsobjects. Regular journaling speeds up management tasks such as save operations.

Related conceptsJob logsHistory logsProblem logsJournal managementRelated informationRecovering your system PDF

Software fixesYou can use fixes to install and manage software and software updates.

IBM supports several different releases of the operating system, and businesses might have severalsystems running different versions. This can cause some system operations to be more complex; differentversions of the operating system can contain new or changed functions and features. Moreover, IBMprovides updates to the operating system and other programs between releases in sets of programtemporary fixes (PTFs), also known as fixes. The PTFs that have been applied to a system can also affectsystem operations. System i Navigator provides ways to manage the software and fixes across a business.

Related conceptsMaintaining and managing i5/OS and related softwarePTF Maintenance Strategy

Printing the system configuration listThe system configuration list is a printed record of your system contents. You need to know your systemconfiguration when you plan to install or change any hardware or software and when you recover from adisaster or evaluate the results of a major system change.

You must configure Service Tools user IDs before starting SST. For more information about how toconfigure a user ID, see Managing service tools user IDs using DST and SST.

Your user ID must have Hardware Service Manager authority.


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To print the system configuration list, follow these steps:

1. Start System Service Tools (SST).On any command line, type STRSST (Start System Service Tools) and press Enter.

2. Sign on to SST with your user ID.3. Select option 1 (Start a service tool).4. Select option 7 (Hardware Service Manager).5. Use the Print function key (F6) on the Hardware Service Manager display to request a printout.

The Print Format Options display appears. You can sort the information by location or by logicaladdress.

Notes:

• The logical address sort and location sort are available only in 132-character width.• The logical hardware and the packaging hardware have unique resource names.

To collect more details about the system configuration list, you can select the Print function key froma display other than the Hardware Service Manager display, but the system prints only the informationthat appears on the display.

To display or print details that include descriptions about the system bus, main storage, or processor,follow these steps:

a) Select the Logical Hardware Resources option.b) On the Logical Hardware Resources display, select one of the following options to display details:

• System bus resources• Processor resources• Main storage resources

Your system configuration list prints on the printer that you specified.

The printout consists of the following sections:

• System information, which includes the system type, model, serial number, and release.• Packaging hardware resource information, which includes the resource name, type and model, serial

number, part number, frame ID, card position, and device position.• Logical hardware resource information, which includes the resource name, type and model, serial

number, and logical address.• A legend, which includes the descriptions of the indicators and logical address format information.

Use the legend to help you interpret the information.

Analyzing and reporting system problemsSystem problems are carefully tracked and managed in the operating system. When the system detectsa problem, it generates a problem record and sends a message to the system operator message queue(QSYSOPR).

Familiarity with this process and the ability to perform basic troubleshooting and problem handlingprocedures are a basic part of system operations.

Related conceptsHow your system manages problemsAnalyzing and handling problemsOverview: Reporting problemsService and supportTroubleshooting


Related information for basic system operationsIBM Redbooks publications and other information center topic collections contain information that relatesto the Basic system operations topic collection. You can view or print any of the PDF files.

IBM Redbooks

Printing VI: Delivering the Output of e-business (7.6 MB)

Other information• Basic printing• System i Navigator

Related referencePDF file for Basic system operationsYou can view and print a PDF file of this information.

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