2Li + CI 2 -> 2LiCI 2Na + CI 2 -> 2NaCI 2K + CI 2 -> 2KCI Chemical Properties Group 1 Size increase Reaction with water Click here video potassium in water shell 2.1 2.8.1 2.8.8.1 2.8.8.18.1 Na Li K Rb lose electron easily electropositive Reactivity increase Group 1 (Alkali Metal) Chemical reaction 2Li + 2H 2 O -> 2LiOH + H 2 2Na + 2H 2 O -> 2NaOH + H 2 2K + 2H 2 O -> 2KOH + H 2 Reaction with oxygen Reaction with halogen Lithium – move slowly surface water – red flame Sodium – move fast, hissing sound – yellow flame Potassium – move fast, ignite - lilac flame Turn red litmus blue- produce hydrogen gas Solution of metal hydroxide/alkaline produced Click here video sodium in water Similar chemical property but diff reactivity Lithium –burn slowly , red flame Sodium – burn brightly, yellow flame Potassium –burn very brightly, lilac flame Kept in paraffin oil Strong reducing agent Reduce H + ion to H 2 gas (losing e to H + ) Oxidizing agent using potassium chlorate Reactivity Gp 1 4Li + O 2 -> 2Li 2 O 4Na + O 2 -> 2Na 2 O 4K + O 2 -> 2K 2 O
6
Embed
IB Chemistry on Reactivity Series vs Electrochemical Series
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
2Li + CI2 -> 2LiCI
2Na + CI2 -> 2NaCI
2K + CI2 -> 2KCI
Chemical Properties Group 1
Size increase Reaction with water
Click here video potassium in water
shell
2.1
2.8.1
2.8.8.1
2.8.8.18.1
Na
Li
K
Rb
lose electron easily electropositive
Reactivity increase
Group 1 (Alkali Metal)
Chemical reaction
2Li + 2H2O -> 2LiOH + H2
2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2
2K + 2H2O -> 2KOH + H2
Reaction with oxygen Reaction with halogen
Lithium – move slowly surface water – red flame Sodium – move fast, hissing sound – yellow flame Potassium – move fast, ignite - lilac flame Turn red litmus blue- produce hydrogen gas Solution of metal hydroxide/alkaline produced
Click here video sodium in water
Similar chemical property but diff reactivity Lithium –burn slowly , red flame Sodium – burn brightly, yellow flame Potassium –burn very brightly, lilac flame
Kept in paraffin oil
Strong reducing agent Reduce H+ ion to H2 gas (losing e to H+)
Reactivity series Metals with water, acids, oxygen
Reactivity series Non metal, Hydrogen and Carbon
Displacement rxn (H atom from H2O/HCI) Reactive metal displace H atom from water 2K + 2H2O → 2KOH + H2
Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2
Less reactive metal displace H atom from acid
Mg + 2HCI → MgCI2 + H2
Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
Unreactive metal – No rxn with water /acid Au + HCI →
Displacement rxn (REDOX reaction) Reactive metal displace less reactive metal from its sol Reactivity series
Displacement rxn (O atom from less reactive) Reactive metal displace O from less reactive metal 2Al + Fe2O3 → Al2O3 + 2Fe
Zn + PbO → ZnO + Pb
Displacement rxn (O atom from less reactive) Reactive non metal displace O from less reactive metal
C + 2Fe2O3→ 3CO2 + 4Fe
H2 + CuO→ H2O + Cu
Displacement rxn (less reactive ions) Reactive metal displace less reactive ions from its salt Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu 2Al + 3CuCI2 → 2AlCI3 + 3Cu
Reactive metal
Click here AI/CuCI3 displacement
Click here to view Flinn Scientific
Click here Iron extraction (Thermite)
• Metal arranged according to their ability to lose electron - form +ve ions • Measure tendency of metals in losing electrons (Undergo oxidation) • Metals – lose electrons – form electropositive ions – Oxidation Process