Ian Jackson. History Lesson 1833 – Charles Babbage develops Difference Engine 1890 – Herman Hollerith develops Tabulating System Used in 1900 U.S. census.

The Cyberspace BattlefieldIan Jackson

History Lesson1833 – Charles Babbage develops Difference Engine 1890 – Herman Hollerith develops Tabulating System

Used in 1900 U.S. census1896 – Hollerith establishes Tabulating Machine Co.

Becomes IBM in 1924 1944 – Howard Aiken and IBM develop Mark 1

Fully automatic, multi-purpose, electromechanical calculator 1957 – Russians launch Sputnik 1965 – First computers are connected via phone lines1969 – ARPANet is made (predecessor of the Internet)

First multi-site computer network1975 – First Personal Computer is released to public1978 – First public bulletin board goes live

History Lesson pt. 21991 – CERN develops WWW (World Wide Web)1993 – U.S. and U.N. join the Internet1994 – Malls, banks, radio stations, and others start moving

services online1995 – Germany has CompuServe block over 200

newsgroups that allow German citizens to have access to illegal material

1996-2000 – U.S. passes several laws blocking access to certain material Blocking of child porn, “inappropriate” material, and

preventing copyright infringement2003-2005 – Websites Facebook, Myspace, and YouTube

are launched2011 – SOPA and PIPA are introduced to Senate

Shot down in 2012

Who’s using the Internet?

Digital Nation - Expanding Internet Usage (NTIA Research Preview) | NTIA. (n.d.). Home Page | NTIA. Retrieved September 29, 2012, fromhttp://www.ntia.doc.gov/report/2011/digital-nation- expanding-internet-usa-gentia-research-preview

Who’s using the Internet?

Digital Nation - Expanding Internet Usage (NTIA Research Preview) | NTIA. (n.d.). Home Page | NTIA. Retrieved September 29, 2012, fromhttp://www.ntia.doc.gov/report/2011/digital-nation- expanding-internet-usa-gentia-research-preview

So what are the issues?Censorship

Copyright Infringement

& Piracy

Current Censorship Laws Communications Decency Act (CDA)

Part of Telecommunications Act of 1996Prevent indecent material access to minorsStruck down by Supreme Court in June 1997

Child Online Protection Act (COPA) Restrict access to minors on sites showing sexual activities or

nudity Eventually law was killed in 2009

Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) Criminalizes creation and spreading of technology used to get

around copyright managementChildren’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)

Lays out procedures for websites to allow access to those 13 and under

Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA) Installation of internet filters in public schools and libraries

Proposed Laws Deleting Online Predators Act (2006)Protecting Cyberspace as a National Asset

Act (2010)Stop Online Piracy Act (2011) Protect Intellectual Property Act (2011)Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection

Act (2011)

The Need for Regulatory Laws

Siwek, S. E.. The True Cost of Sound Recording Piracy to the U.S. Economy >IPI Issues >Institute for Policy Innovation. Institute for Policy Innovation. Retrieved October 6, 2012, from http://www.ipi.org/ipi_issues/detail/the-true-cost-of-sound-recording-piracy_to-the-us-economy

The Need for Regulatory Laws

ATG - Video Copyright. (n.d.). ATG - Homepage. Retrieved October 7, 2012, fromhttp://austg.com/products/video_copyright/index.html

Regulation Supporters SOPA Supporters

SonyTime WarnerESPN

Nguyen, D. (n.d.). SOPA Opera: Where do your members of Congress stand on SOPA andPIPA?. Pro Publica. Retrieved October 6, 2012, from http://projects.propublica.org/sopa/

FIRST AMENDMENT“Congress shall make no law respecting an

establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances”

Steps to a Successful Regulation

Public Participation

Review

ISP Cooperation

Transparency

References ATG - Video Copyright. (n.d.). ATG - Homepage. Retrieved October 7, 2012, from

http://austg.com/products/video_copyright/index.html Biddle, S. (n.d.). All the Companies Supporting SOPA, the Awful Internet Censorship

Law—and How to Contact Them. Gizmodo, the Gadget Guide. Retrieved October 16, 2012, from http://gizmodo.com/5870241/presented-without-comment-every-single-company- supporting-sopa-the-awful-internet-censorship-law

Foerstel, Herbert N.. Banned in the media: a reference guide to censorship in the press, motion pictures, broadcasting, and the Internet. Westport,

Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1998. Print. Moschovitis, C., Poole, H., Schuyler, T., & Senft, T. (1999). History of the Internet:

Achronology, 1843 to the Present. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. Siwek, S. E. (n.d.). The True Cost of Sound Recording Piracy to the U.S. Economy

>IPI Issues >Institute for Policy Innovation. Institute for Policy Innovation. Retrieved October 6, 2012, from http://www.ipi.org/ipi_issues/detail/the-true-cost-of-sound-recording-piracy to-the- us-economy

Internet censorship in the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved October 22, 2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_the_United_States#Federal_laws