I. Energy Flow A. Producers / Make their own food through photosynthesis / Examples: Plants, algae A. Producers / Make their own food through photosynthesis.

I. Energy FlowI. Energy FlowI. Energy FlowI. Energy Flow

A. A. ProducersProducers Make their own food through Make their own food through

photosynthesisphotosynthesis Examples: Plants, algaeExamples: Plants, algae

A. A. ProducersProducers Make their own food through Make their own food through

photosynthesisphotosynthesis Examples: Plants, algaeExamples: Plants, algae

B. B. ConsumersConsumers Feed on other organisms, cannot Feed on other organisms, cannot

make their own foodmake their own food Example: humans, bear, insectsExample: humans, bear, insects

B. B. ConsumersConsumers Feed on other organisms, cannot Feed on other organisms, cannot

make their own foodmake their own food Example: humans, bear, insectsExample: humans, bear, insects

C. C. DecomposersDecomposers Break down dead organisms, recycle Break down dead organisms, recycle

chemicals to soil, water, & airchemicals to soil, water, & air Example: fungi & bacteriaExample: fungi & bacteria

C. C. DecomposersDecomposers Break down dead organisms, recycle Break down dead organisms, recycle

chemicals to soil, water, & airchemicals to soil, water, & air Example: fungi & bacteriaExample: fungi & bacteria

D. Energy enters ecosystems as LIGHT is converted to CHEMICAL ENERGY by producers and exits the ecosystem as HEAT.

D. Energy enters ecosystems as LIGHT is converted to CHEMICAL ENERGY by producers and exits the ecosystem as HEAT.

II. Food ChainII. Food ChainII. Food ChainII. Food Chain

A. A. Trophic levelsTrophic levels Feeding levelFeeding level Represents position in food Represents position in food chain/food webchain/food web

A. A. Trophic levelsTrophic levels Feeding levelFeeding level Represents position in food Represents position in food chain/food webchain/food web

B. Food Chain pathway of food transfer from one trophic level to another

You always start with PRODUCERS on the left/bottom of a food chain.

B. Food Chain pathway of food transfer from one trophic level to another

You always start with PRODUCERS on the left/bottom of a food chain.

C. Producer --> Primary Consumer--> Secondary Consumer--> Tertiary Consumer

D. Decomposers are found at EACH trophic level.

C. Producer --> Primary Consumer--> Secondary Consumer--> Tertiary Consumer

D. Decomposers are found at EACH trophic level.

III. Food WebIII. Food Web

A. Definition: interconnected branching food chains- more realistic representation of feeding relationships

A. Definition: interconnected branching food chains- more realistic representation of feeding relationships

IV. Three Kinds of Ecological IV. Three Kinds of Ecological PyramidsPyramids

IV. Three Kinds of Ecological IV. Three Kinds of Ecological PyramidsPyramids

A. Energy pyramidA. Energy pyramid DescriptionDescription: : diagram representing diagram representing

energy loss from one trophic level energy loss from one trophic level to the nextto the next

A. Energy pyramidA. Energy pyramid DescriptionDescription: : diagram representing diagram representing

energy loss from one trophic level energy loss from one trophic level to the nextto the next

10% Rule10% Rule An average of 10% of the available An average of 10% of the available

energy at a trophic level is energy at a trophic level is converted to biomass in the converted to biomass in the nextnext higher trophic level. higher trophic level.

B. Biomass PyramidB. Biomass Pyramid DescriptionDescription: represents the dry mass : represents the dry mass

of organisms at each trophic levelof organisms at each trophic level

B. Biomass PyramidB. Biomass Pyramid DescriptionDescription: represents the dry mass : represents the dry mass

of organisms at each trophic levelof organisms at each trophic level

C. Pyramid of NumbersC. Pyramid of Numbers DescriptionDescription: the number of individual : the number of individual

organisms in each trophic level of an organisms in each trophic level of an ecosystem ecosystem

C. Pyramid of NumbersC. Pyramid of Numbers DescriptionDescription: the number of individual : the number of individual

organisms in each trophic level of an organisms in each trophic level of an ecosystem ecosystem

Why do you think all 3 pyramids look similar?Why do you think all 3 pyramids look similar?