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母體比例的假設檢定
22

Hypothesis testing of population proportion

Mar 30, 2016

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Jungpin Wu

Hypothesis testing of population proportion.
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Page 1: Hypothesis testing of population proportion

母體比例的假設檢定

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「p」是母體比例,也是二項分配的成功機率。

細部說明(I)

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「$H_1$」叫做「研究假設」或是「對立假設」],它是一種主張,只有說服人的樣本證據支持它是正確的,我們才會接受它。「H」是「Hypothesis」的縮寫。

細部說明(II)

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「$H_1$」叫做「研究假設」的原因是,「研究目標」擺在「:」之後。

細部說明(III)

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「$H_1$」叫做「對立假設」的原因是,與「虛無假設(通常它是一種「描述現狀」的陳述。除非有說服人的證據支持對立假設是正確的,否則我們不會拒絕它。)」是「對立的」,「相反的」。

細部說明(IV)

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1. 「對立假設」的下標用「1」;而「虛無假設」的下標用「0」。

2. 對應上述研究假設的「虛無假設」應該怎麼寫?

所以

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「$p_0$」叫做「虛無值」。

細部說明(V)

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1. 右尾假設:「拒絕左邊(的虛無假設)」

就是「不拒絕左邊(的虛無假設),也就是

說,接受右邊(的研究假設)」。

2. 左尾假設:「拒絕右邊(的虛無假設)」

就是「不拒絕右邊(的虛無假設),也就是

說,接受左邊(的研究假設)」。

「單尾」意味著最後檢定的結果不是

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「拒絕等號(的虛無假設)」就是「不拒絕等號

(的虛無假設),也就是說,接受左右兩邊(的

研究假設)」。

「雙尾」意味著最後檢定的結果不是

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決策機制

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解題:以綠頭鴨實驗為例

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[1]

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[2]

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[3]

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[4]

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[5]

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計算母體比例右尾假設檢定的p值

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母體比例的課堂練習題

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解題

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