HYPOTHESES INFLUENCE OF ANTAGONISM ON DRUG ACTION

NULL HYPOTHESIS◦ Effect on intestinal motility

Acetylcholine = NSS= Acetylcholine + Atropine = Acetylcholine + Epinephrine

ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS◦ Effect on intestinal motility

Acetylcholine ≠ NSS ≠ Acetylcholine + Atropine≠ Acetylcholine + Epinephrine

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Reject Null, Accept Alternative Hypothesis◦ Effect on intestinal motility

Acetylcholine ≠ NSS ≠ Acetylcholine + Atropine≠ Acetylcholine + Epinephrine

Ach > NSS > Ach-Epinephrine > Ach-Atropine

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Acetylcholine + Atropine

Acetylcholine + Epinephrine

Acetylcholine NSS

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

A 30 37 43 50 49 -- 45 --

B 39 63 72 52 62 36 51 87

C 74 34 26 42 39 35 6 --

D 74 78 53 52 72 72 47 46

* % DISTANCE TRAVELLED BY INDIA INK

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Anova: Single Factor (casualties included)

SUMMARYGroups Count Sum Average Variance

Ach+Atro 8 432.45 54.05625 430.0485Ach+Epi 8 390.07 48.75875 166.36Ach 8 365.45 45.68125 569.5229NSS 8 282.22 35.2775 945.6903

ANOVASource of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit

Between Groups 1500.597 3 500.1991 0.947517 0.43103 2.946685Within Groups 14781.35 28 527.9054

Total 16281.95 31

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F< F crit: Not statistically significant

SUMMARY (casualties not included)

Groups Count Sum Average Variance

Ach+Atro 8 432.45 54.05625 430.0485

Ach+Epi 8 390.07 48.75875 166.36

Ach 7 365.45 52.20714 266.9622

NSS 6 282.22 47.03667 660.2321

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Mean

% d

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d b

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dia

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Graph 1. Batch Mean of % distance travelled by the India ink in the 4 treatment groups

Source of

Variation

SS df MS F P-value F crit

Between Groups

216.6829 3 72.22764 0.198913 0.89613 2.991241

Within Groups

9077.793 25 363.1117

Total 9294.476 28

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (casualties not included)

*Significance level of 5%

INTERPRETATION: If F < Fcrit, Accept Null Hypothesis

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F: 0.198913 F crit: 2.991241

◦ Since (F) < (Fcrit) at α= 0.05 We fail to Reject Null Hypothesis Accept Null Hypothesis Effect on GI Motility:

Acetylcholine = NSS= Acetylcholine + Atropine= Acetylcholine + Epinephrine

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