Hydro-Mechanical Properties of Carbonated Cements

4th MEETING of the WELL BORE INTEGRITY NETWORK, Paris - 18t/19th March 2008

Hydro-Mechanical Properties of Carbonated Cements

1Laboratoire de Géologie2Schlumberger3BRGM

A. Fabbri1,3 , J. Corvisier1, A. Schubnel1, F. Brunet1

J. Fortin1, B. Goffé1, V. Barlet-Gouédard2, G. Rimmele2, Y. Leroy1


1) Carbonation under in situ conditions (P=30MPa, T= 90degC and sc CO2)

1) Wet or Dry scCO22) Wet or Dry cement samples

Existence or Non- of a carbonation frontscCO2

Motivation

2) Mechanical properties under in-situ pressure (Pc=30Mpa, Pp=28Mpa) tri-X stress conditions

1) Loading/Unloading cycles on wet and ry Carbonated cement samples

2) Permeability measruments and Elastic wavespeed determinationStatic elastic moduli

Evaluation of damage3) Macroscopic rupture strength

Evaluation of aging/wear


Experimental Set-upSample carbonation

Technical characteristics

Sample maximum diameter30 mm

Maximum Pressure350 bars

Temperature heterogenities<3°C

Carbonation at 90°C and 28 MPa (Pc=Pp)


ResultsSample Carbonation

H20 saturated with CO2

Supercritical CO2 saturated with H20

dry sample & scCO2NO FRONT

Wet samples & scCO2 CARB. FRONT

Dry or wet samples & H20+CARB. FRONT

Example for a carbonation time of 35 days

d or HC

w orAC


Experimental set-upMechanical and Physical Properties under in-situ cond.

Tests were performed @Pc= 30 MPaPp= 28 MPaTemp.= 20°C

Sample sizeDiam. 30length. 60


Experimental set-up - wavespeed measurements

Mechanical and Physical Properties under in-situ cond.

4 couples of Source - receivers Triband (1P, 2S)→ Autopicking & Crosscorrelations: 0.5% of relative error on wavespeeds

PZT sensors: Piezo-ceramic (Lead Zirconate Transducers, 0.1-1MHz)Active source : Elastice wavespeed and travel time

PSV&SH

P

P, SV&SH


Theoretical background - Crack density determination

Mechanical and Physical Properties under in-situ cond.

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Crack density

porosity

S wave

P wave

Effective Medium Modelling of rockcontaining Pores and Cracks usingNIA approximation

[Fortin, Gueguen and Schubnel,J.Geol.Res., 2007]


Running a single test… on a (pre)carbonated cement sampleExperimental procedure

1) Confinement from 0 to 30MPa in dry conditions 2) Deviatoric stress (Gzz) from 0 to 30 MPa / Load-unload cycle3) Pore volume saturation with Argon gas at 28MPa4) Argon gas permeability5) Water saturation from 0 to 28 MPa6) Water permeability7) Deviatoric stress (Gzz) from 0 to 30 MPa 8) Water permeability 9) Deviatoric stress (Gzz) from 30 to 50 MPa10)Water permeability11)Deviatoric stress (Gzz) from 50 to rupture


Some experimental results Dry Confinement Dry deviatoric AC permeability Rupture Strength




Elastic properties of porous rocks : modelling using EMT, DRYnon-interactive theory (isolated penny shaped cracks and holes)Counteracting effects of pore and cracks

The elastic potential can be written:

Stress interactions between holes and cracks

DRY:



Elastic properties of porous rocks : modelling using EMT, DRYnon-interactive theory (isolated penny shaped cracks and holes)Counteracting effects of pore and cracks



Connected domain CO2 migration




HC sample hardenedwith carbonation



AC sample ~ softenedwith carbonation


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AC samples permeability decreases with carbonation….


But increases dramatically with Gzz….





Conclusion

-Micro-cracks

-Elastic moduli evolutions

-Permeability evolution

Damage accumulation in sample withCarbonation front

Damage is localized at the front


C2S + CaO vaterite aragonite

Conclusion

-Micro-cracks

-Elastic moduli evolutions

-Permeability evolution

Damage accumulation in sample withCarbonation front

Damage is localized at the front(real or due to deP?)


100MPa, température 200degCCorrosive Pore fluids16 coaxial feedthrough for acousticsCylindrical samples (diameter 40mm)

NEW EXPERIMENTAL SET UP

Tri-X MP-MT RIG


DISPOSITIF EXPÉRIMENTAL: EA, Vitesses et Capteurs PZTNEW EXPERIMENATL SETUP

AE monitoring : recording, localization, energy


COMING SOON….

The Venue: CSF in Ascona (Ticino, CH), on Lago Maggiore

The Centro Stefano Franscini is the congress centre of the Swiss Federal Institute of

Technology of Zurich(ETHZ) situated at Monte Verità. It is an ideal meeting point for all

members of the international scientific community who wish to discuss about the state of the

art and new challenges of any field of research.

8th Euroconference of Rock Physics and Geomechanics

Rock Physics, fluids and Society.

Focus on Thermo-Hydro-Chemo-Mechanical coupling applied to CO2 sequestration, waste

disposal, oil and geothermics.

FIRST CIRCULAR DRAFT

Venue: Ascona (CH), 9-13 September 2009 (see http://www.csf.ethz.ch)

Conveners: L. Burlini (ETH Zurich); A. Schubnel (ENS Paris); P. Baud (Uni Strasbourg)

If interested, please email [email protected]

Hydro-Mechanical Properties of Carbonated Cements

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