Hybrid State Estimation Combining SCADA and Synchrophasor … NASPI State... · marcy 765kv marcy 345kv csc statcom edic volney coopers corners n ew scotland fraser gilboa leeds oakdale

Hybrid State Estimation Combining SCADA and Synchrophasor Data

George Stefopoulos, New York Power Authority

NASPI Technical Workshop – Synchrophasor Data and State Estimation March 25, 2015, San Mateo, CA

Acknowledgement

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Acknowledgement: This material is partially based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-OE0000704

Disclaimer: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

Outline

• About  NYPA  

• NYPA  past  experience  with  hybrid  state  es7ma7on.  • Electric  Power  Research  Ins3tute  • Siemens  Power  System  Control  

• NYPA  current  state  es7ma7on  project.  • US  Department  of  Energy  • Quanta  Technology  • Electric  Power  Group  

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About NYPA – NYPA Generation

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q  Niagara Power Project ~2,675 MW

q  St. Lawrence Power Project ~800 MW

q  Blenheim-Gilboa Pumped Storage ~1,160 MW

q  Flynn Power Plant ~167 MW

q  Astoria CC Plant ~500 MW

q  Small Hydro Plants ~83 MW

q  Small Clean Power Plants ~461 MW

• Wholesale  power  supplier  throughout  New  York  State  and  neighboring  states  as  required  by  law.  

• Provides,  with  genera3on  and  power  purchases,  about  25%  of  New  York  State’s  electricity  with  a  mix  of  70%  hydro  and  30%  gas/oil  

About NYPA – The NYPA Transmission Assets

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q  765 kV Transmission ~155 circuit miles

q  345 kV Transmission ~928 circuit miles

q  230 kV Transmission ~338 circuit miles

q  115 kV Transmission ~35 circuit miles

q  Total Transmission ~1,456 circuit miles

q  Bulk Transmission Substations 21 substations

q  Portion of Bulk NYS Grid ~13% (>115kV) ~34% (>230kV)

More  than  1,400  circuit  miles  of  backbone  transmission  throughout  New  York  state  

PLATTSBURGH 115kV

PLATTSBURGH 230kV

SARANAC

ASHLY RD.

VERMONT

DULEYPATNODE

RYAN

WILLIS 230kV

NORTHEND

WILLIS 115kV

STL

SARANACMALONE

CHATEAUGAY

MASSENA 765KVMASSENA

230kV

MARCY 765kV

MARCY 345kV

CSC STATCOM

EDIC

VOLNEY

COOPERS CORNERS

NEW SCOTLAND

FRASER

GILBOA

LEEDS

OAKDALE

SVC

ADIRONDACK230kV

ADIRONDACK115kV

BEAVER FALLS

PORTER

NIAGARA 345kV

NIAGARA 230kV

ONTARIO POWER

GEN

STATION 80

SOMERSET

ONTARIO

PACKARD

ROBINSON RD 230kV

NIAGARA 115kV

STOLLE RD

ROBINSON RD 115kV

RICHFIELD STR

EGC

SPAINBROOK

BUS2 138kV

BUS3 138kV

NYPA Phasor Measurements

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NYPA q 23 PMUs q 41 voltage phasors

(+seq) q 83 current phasors

(+seq) q 6 DFR/PMU planned

for installation Rest of NY TOs q 45 PMUs q 115 voltage phasors q 278 current phasors

Use of Phasor Measurements in Commercial SE

7/12 Use of Phasor Measurements in a Commercial (or Industrial) State Estimator, EPRI, Palo Alto, CA and New York Power Authority, White Plains, NY: 2004. 1011002

•  NYPA •  EPRI •  SIEMENS

Collaborators

•  34 phasor measurements (10 voltages, 24 currents

•  Data down-sampling to match SCADA rates

Synchrophasors

•  1538-bus network •  850 SCADA telemetry data •  Additional pseudomeasurements •  SE execution at EMS standard rates

EMS

Use of Phasor Measurements in Commercial SE

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Project Conclusions q Nine distinct tests to assess effects on SE quality, impact of

noise levels, bad data detection, reference bus impact, impact on convergence and iterations etc.

q Minimal effect of synchrophasors because of the low number of available data (about 4% PMU/SCADA ratio)

q Minimal effect on convergence properties q Minimal effect when phasors were included as part of initial

state vector estimate q PMU data improve observability q Accuracy of PMU measurements affects SE q Time skewness effect between SCADA and PMU data q Crucial selection of reference bus

DoE Synchrophasor Demo Project of DNSE

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•  Quanta •  NYPA •  EPG •  DoE

Collaborators

•  124 NYPA phasor measurements •  393 other TO phasor measurements •  40% PMU/SCADA data ratio •  SE execution at near synchrophasor rate

Synchrophasors

•  1600-bus network (960 NY buses) •  1300 SCADA telemetry data •  Additional pseudomeasurements •  Digital status points

EMS

DoE Synchrophasor Demo Project of DNSE

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DNSE Engine

IEEE C37.118 Adapter

EMS Data Adapter

DNSE Output Adapter

Modeless Data Conditioning PDC

EMS

RTDMS

DNSE+

ICCP

C37.118

C37.118

Conceptual System Architecture

DoE Synchrophasor Demo Project of DNSE

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Key Features and Challenges DNSE+ Features q Hybrid SE: Combines both SCADA and PMU data to obtain

the complete state of system using redundant information q Non-linear formulation; Non-iterative solution

q  Based on Kipnis-Shamir re-linearization technique q Executed at nearly phasor data rate DNSE+ Challenges q Very large, sparse linear systems to be solved q Computational intensity of equation formulation q Sensitivity to measurement noise q  “Synchronization” of data

George Stefopoulos Research and Technology Development Engineer II New York Power Authority

914-287-3857 [email protected]

www.nypa.gov