Hybrid Emergency

VIPIN KUMARSEMINAR GUIDE ELECTRICAL&ELECTRONICS

VISHAL DEEP SIR 3rd year

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION POWER SYSTEMS CHARACTERISATIONS VOLTAGE COLLAPSE SYSTEM MODELLING AND DECOMPOSITION FAULT IN THE SYSTEM OPTIMAL VOLTAGE CONTROL MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL CONCLUSION REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM

HYBRID SYSTEM

VOLTAGE COLLAPSE

EMERGENCY VOLTAGE CONTROL

GENERAL POWER SYSTEM

POWER SYSTEMS CHARACTERISATIONS

NON LINEARITY OF SYSTEM

HYBRID SYSTEM DYNAMICS

LARGE SCALE DIMENSIONS

MODEL UNCERTAINITIES

HOW VOLTAGE COLLAPSE OCCURS

OVER LOAD

LOSS OF REACTIVE POWER

FAULTS

REASONS FOR VOLTAGE COLLAPSE

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

LOADING LIMITS

ECONOMICAL FACTORS

BASIC METHODS TO AVOID COLLAPSE

AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR

COMPENSATORS

CIRCUIT BREAKERS

PROTECTIVE RELAYS

LOAD SHEDDING

DECOMPOSITION OF THE GIVEN MODEL

DESCRIPTION DECOMPOSED MODEL

CONTINOUS DYNAMICAL SYSTEM

DISCRETE EVENT SYSTEM

DECOMPOSED MODEL PARAMETERS

x :=[xLp, xLq]T

ub := [sC, sL]T

and y := [V2m, V3m, V4m]T

THREE BUS VOLTAGES is taken generally as Vim

where i ∈ {2,3,4}

FAULT OCCURRENCE AND REPRESENTATION

At t=100s, fault occurs on line 3 i.e. fault.

Over excitation limiter is activated of Generator at t=224s

OPTIMAL VOLTAGE CONTROL

OBJECTIVES

CONTROL MOVES NOMINAL MOVES EMERGENCY MOVES

MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL

MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL

CASCADED CONTROLLER SCHEME ΔnT {0, n∈ step,−nstep},

V4m,ref (t − 1) if ΔnT (t) = 0,

0.8 if ΔnT (t) = −nstep,

1.2 if ΔnT (t) = nstep.

MPC Objective Function

MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL

CONTROL EXPERIMENTS

Figure 4 shows the bus voltages V3m and V4m of the original nonlinear model as well as the ones of the MLD model.

MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL

The manipulated variable V4m,ref together with its tolerance band is shown in Figure 5

MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL

Figure 6 displays the

trajectory of the tap changer position nT

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

HYBRID EMERGENCY VOLTAGE CONTROL IN POWER SYSTEMS

Tobias Geyer, Mats Larsson, Manfred Morari

WIKIPEDIA, the free encyclopedia.

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS C.L. WADHWA NEW AGE INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHERS

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