HV Solutions ESD Reasons Revision

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IEC 61000-4-2

Relates to the immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment subjected to static electricity discharges, directly from operators.

It additionally defines ranges of test levels which relate to different environmental and installation conditions and establishes test procedures.

The object of this standard is to establish a common and reproducible basis for evaluating the performance of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to electrostatic discharges.

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Reasons for Revision ofIEC 61000 IEC 61000-4-2

Rationale- Today pass/fail based on which generator is used- New high speed technology is in use >GHz

IEC61000-4-2 Ed2 changes- Calibration and verification of measurement equipment clearly _defined- Standard current waveform defined as a

mathematical equation- Uncertainty defined for different parameters- No tests at lower level for contact discharge



The good old days good old days



Round Robin Waveform Round

Existing Generators Modified Generators



Conclusion of the Round Robin

It was difficult to find EUT failing with ESD Standard test levels. Some EUT have been modified to show failure.

Large (typically 1:2.2) test result variations have been observed as a result of changing the model of the ESD generator.

The modified generators did not show smaller variations than thenon-modified generators.

No direct correlation between current or field or frequency related parameters and EUT failure level could be found within the limited data set

In the meantime also test results variation have been observed with same brand ESD generators



Variation in test results and escalation strategy

Steps to determine the source of differencesVerify the test setup;; examine all the details, including the position

of each cable and the condition of the EUT (e.g., covers, doors).

Verify the test procedure,, including the EUT operation mode, position and location of auxiliary equipment, operator position,software state, application of discharges to the EUT.

Verify the test generator;; is it operating correctly? When was it calibrated last ? Is it operating within specifications ? Are test result differences due to the use of different generators ?



Variation in Test Results

If differences in test results are caused by the use of different ESD generators, then the results with any generator that meets the requirements of 6.1 can be used for determining compliance with this standard.

Note: In terms of compliance with the standard, it is sufficient to consider only the results given by the ESD generator which is less aggressive to the EUT.

However, in terms of EUT quality/reliability and customer satisfaction, it may be advisable to ensure the EUT exhibits error-free performance with the ESD generator which is more aggressive to the EUT.



Escalation Strategy

1. If more than 1 error occurs in the first 50 discharges applied to a test point, the EUT fails the test at that test point and test level.

2. If 1 error occurs in the first 50 discharges applied to a test point, a second test is run at that test point applying 100 new ischarges.If no error occurs in this set of 100 discharges, the EUT passes the test at that test point. If more than one error occurs in this set of 100 discharges, the EUT fails the test. If exactly 1 error occurs in this set of 100 discharges, a third test is performed.

3. The third test is to repetition of point If no error occurs in this set of 100 discharges, the EUT passes the test at that test point. If 1 or more errors occur in this set of 100 discharges, the EUT fails the test.



Immediate Effect

Test time will be MUCH longer

Results independent of ESD generator model



New Target

Existing IEC 61000-4-2ESD-TARGET1 (2 Ohm)

Revised IEC 61000-4-2ESD-TARGET2 (2 Ohm)

f upper limit approx. >1Ghz f upper limit approx. 4Ghz

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Target Calibration

Note: adapters other than conical are also acceptable

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Insertion Loss Measurement

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Difference between existing and new targets

Zsys must be used to calculatethe ESD currentV2 factor 2 higherBecause of missing 50 OHM

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Instruction Sheet ESD-TARGET2

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New Calibration Procedure

Calibration time will increase -> calibration cost will increase

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Simplified Generator Diagram

The generator shall meet the requirements given in 6.1 when evaluated according to the procedures in Annex B. Therefore, neither the diagram in

Figure 1, nor the element values are specified in detail.Existing ESD simulators should comply !

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Measurement uncertainty (MU) considerations

The calibration laboratory has to show the following MU:

IEC 61000-4-2 Ed.2 CDV MU of EMCP Calibration Place

Peak 7% 5.56%

Rise time 15% 7.03%

Current @ 30ns 7% 5.56%

Current @ 60ns 7% 5.56%



ESD3000 System Ready for Ed.2

Discharge modules

Rechargablebatteries

Cable for firmwaredownload

Cable for remote control from TRA2000xx

IEC 61000-4-2Reasons for Revision ofIEC 61000 IEC 61000-4-2The good old days good old daysRound Robin Waveform RoundConclusion of the Round RobinVariation in test results and escalation strategyVariation in Test ResultsEscalation StrategyImmediate EffectNew TargetTarget CalibrationInsertion Loss MeasurementDifference between existing and new targetsInstruction Sheet ESD-TARGET2New Calibration ProcedureSimplified Generator DiagramMeasurement uncertainty (MU) considerationsESD3000 System Ready for Ed.2

HV Solutions ESD Reasons Revision

Documents

test generator

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test methods

test setup

test procedures

esd standard test levels

test result variations

test resultsif differences