Huong Dan Su Dung Arcgis 9.0

Trung tm o to a chnhPhn 1 b-c u vi ARC gis 9.0 Ch-ng 1 Gii thiu chung v ARC gis 9.0 ARCgis 9.0 ca ESRI l mt phn mm l mt b phn mm th-ng mi mi phc v cho cng tc qun l ti nguyn thin nhin, x hi, cng vi s pht trin ca cng ngh vi nn tng l cng ngh my tnh, ho, phn tch v qun l d liu khng gian. Bn c th lm bt k cng vic thc t no vi quy m khc nhau cng GIS, t vic xy dng ch o mt d n phn tch n gin n vic thc hin d n phn tch ln. Cc d n mu ng dng phn tch d liu ARC GIS 9.0: Mt nh qun l s Ban qun l k thut dng d liu gis c th theo di cu, -ng lp ln nhng k hoch v lp k hoch trn thu thu v nh gi s bn d bo nhng dng t tai nn giao thng v d bo tai nn.. Ban qun l n-c sch c th lp k hoch khng ch h thng n-c khi c s c sy ra Mt ban qun l an ninh theo di v trin khai nhn lc nhanh chng kim sot tnh hnh khu v vng ln cn. Xy dng hn thng thng tin mt t, xc nh lp k hoch xy dng trm pht sng Nhanh chng lp k hoch qun l s cha xc nh nh h-ng ca n-c thi sau nhng thin tai. Mt nh thy vn hc theo di cht l-ng n-c bo v sc khe cng ng. Ban qun l thnh lp nhng bn ch dn -ng cho h thng giao thng

H-ng dn s dng phn mm arcgis [email protected]

Trung tm o to a chnhCc cng ty xy dng -ng ng dn tm thy -ng dn gn nht hiu qu nht cho mt h thng -ng dn mi. Nh qun l lp ln k hoch xy dng khai thc h thng in dn dng v quc phng Nhng nh kinh doanh xc nh a im kinh doanh, u t- xy dng c s h tng v kh nng thu ht ng-i tiu dng. Mt nh qun l xy dng nn k hoch gii to nhng ph-ng tin trong nhng tr-ng hp khn cp. S dng phn tch a hnh, mt tr-ng c cch tt nht khc phc hu qu ca nhng m chy rng, thin tai Mt trm cnh st c th nhanh chng xc nh -c khu vc xy ra bt n v tm -c -ng nhanh nht n khu vc . Mt nh qun l mi tr-ng c th xc nh -c nh h-ng ca ngun n-c nhim v t xc nh mc thit hi v xc nh -c nguyn nhn gy ra. Mt nh sinh vt hc xc nh tc ng ca nhng k hoch nhn to nn iu kin t nhin.

Nhng cnh bo kh t-ng hc cho nhng vng lnh th chu nh h-ng ca nhng cn bo v thin tai.

1.1: cc mdul -c thit k lin kt trong Arc gis 9.0 1.1.1: Arc catalog


Trung tm o to a chnhArc catalog cho php ng-i s dng d dng truy cp v qun l nhng d liu a l -c ct d trong thmc v a cng hoc trong nhng vng c th lin kt d liu h thng. D liu c th copy, di chuyn, xo, quan st s b tr-c khi thm vo mt bn . Cng vi n, metadata c th -c c hoc to nn s dng trong ng dng ca ARCgis 1.1.2: Arc Map Arc map cho php ng-i s dng trnh by v truy vn maps, to nn bn sao y ca bn v thc hin cc chc nng phn tch bn . Arc map cung cp mt cch n gin vic chuyn t quan st n sa cha c tr-ng khng gian ca bn . 1.1.3: Arc toolbox Arc toolbox cung cp mt mi tr-ng cho x l thng tin a l ( s l bao gm thay i hoc trch dn thng tin). Chc nng cng c s dng trong sut qu trnh phn tch. Arc toolbox -c gn vo trong Arc catalog v Arc Map. 1.2: Phc hi d liu D liu -c tp hp v chun b trong thc t rt tn km tin bc v thi gian. N quan h rt nhiu n chnh quyn v kinh t ngun d liu cung cp dng s v d liu dng bng, biu 1.3. Dng d liu -c h tr trong cu trc d liu D liu -c h tr trong Arc gis Arc IMS dch v c tr-ng Arc IMS dch v bn Arc info coverages Dgn ( chuyn qua t v 8) DWG (through v2004) DXF Geodatabases Geography Network connections OLE DB Tables PC ARC/INFO coverages Raster Formats 1. ARC Digitized Raster Graphics (ADRG) (*.img or *.ovr and *.lgg) 2. ArcSDE Rasters 3. Band Interleaved by Line (ESRI BIL) (*.bil and *.hdr, *.clr, *.stx) 4. Band Interleaved by Pixel (ESRI BIP) (*.bip and *.hdr, *.clr, *.stx) 5. Band Sequential (ESRI BSQ) (*.bsq and *.hdr, *.clr, *.stx)


Trung tm o to a chnh6. Bitmap (BMP), Device Independent Bitmap (DIB) format, or Microsoft Windows Bitmap (*.bmp) 7. Compressed ARC Digitized Raster Graphics (CADRG) 8. Controlled Image Base (CIB) 9. Digital Geographic Information Exchange Standard (DIGEST) Arc Standard Raster Product (ASRP), UTM/UPS Standard Raster Product (USRP) (*.img and *.gen, *.ger, *.sou, *.qal, *.thf) 10. Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) Level 0, 1 and 2 (*.dt0, *.dt1, *.dt2) 11. ER Mapper (*.ers) 12. ERDAS 7.5 GIS (*.gis and *.trl) 13. ERDAS 7.5 LAN (*.lan and *.trl) 14. ERDAS IMAGINE (*.img) 15. ERDAS RAW (*.raw) 16. ESRI GRID (*.clr) 17. ESRI GRID Stack 18. ESRI GRID Stack File (*.stk) 19. ESRI SDE Raster 20. Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) (*.gif) 21. Intergraph Raster Files (*.cit and *.cot) 22. JPEG File interchange Format, JIFF (*.jpg, *.jpeg, *jpe) 23. JPEG 2000 (.jp2) 24. Multiresolution Seamless Image Database (MrSID) (*.sid; generations 2 and 3; Note that the export command Raster to MrSID outputs in MrSID generation 2 format) 25. National Image Transfer Format (NITF) (*.ntf) 26. Portable Network Graphics (*.png) 27. Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) (*.tif, *.tiff, *.tff) SDC (Smart Data Compression) SDE layers Shapefiles Text Files (.TXT) TIN VPF


Trung tm o to a chnh Additional Data Types Supported via Importers in ArcInfo Direct conversion of the following formats into a native ArcInfo format: ADS DFAD DIME DLG ETAK GIRAS IGDS IGES MOSS S-57 SDTS (Point, Raster, and Vector) SLF TIGER (through v2000) Sun Raster Additional Data Types Supported via Importers in ArcView and ArcEditor Direct conversion of the following formats into native ArcView and ArcEditor formats: AGF MF SDTS (Points and Raster) 1.4: ngun d liu Nhng ngun d liu c th -c s dng nhp, xut d liu t cng c x l bn . Nhng d liu -c h tr bao gm: Geodatabase feature datasets Geodatabase feature classes Shapefile datasets Coverage datasets Coverage feature classes CAD feature datasets CAD feature classes SDC datasets


Trung tm o to a chnh SDC feature classes VPF datasets VPF feature classes Raster datasets Raster dataset bands Raster catalogs TIN datasets Layers Layer files Tables Table views Khi ang lm vic cng d liu, arc s tr gip y cho vic hiu cu trc d liu ngun cng vi cng c lm vic ca ch-ng trnh. Ngun d liu -c xp xp trong cy thmc trn my tnh. Arc ni chung s dng ba cch khc nhau. Th- mc D liu c s c nhn(Personal geodatabases ) ArcSDE geodatabases Cng vi thit lp thm cc tu chn. Khi bn m Arc catalog bn thy mt hoc nhiu cch thc th hin d liu trong cy thmc Arc catalog. 1.5: 1.5.1: About workspaces Folders

Th- mc c th cha ng nhng thmc khc, d liu a l c s, d liu ngun ( raster, shapefiles, bng v v ) v hp cng c. Mt vi ngun d liu ( coverages, shapefiles, d liu dng TIN, lp v lp file) c th ch l-u tr trong thmc. Nhng ngun d liu khc ( d liu raster, lp c tr-ng, bng v hn na) c th xut ra t mt thmc ti d liu a l c s either personal or ArcSDE. D liu c tr-ng bn trong mt thmc (coverages, Smart Data Compression [SDC], Vector Product Format [VPF] and more ) c th nh- l workspaces. 1.5.2: Geodatabases C hai loi c s d liu a l trong ARC gis C nhn.


Trung tm o to a chnh Arc SDE. C s d liu a l cha ng thng tin a l -c sp xp trong biu mu ca lp c tr-ng, c tr-ng d liu c s, bng v cng c. Lp c tr-ng c th chun b sp xp trong d liu c tr-ng hoc c th tn ti c lp trong c s d liu. 1.5.2.1: C s d liu ng-i s dng C s d liu ng-i s dng c th -c to ln trong vic l-u tr v qun l c s d liu khng gian ca bn. S dng d liu c s d liu t Microsoft Access. Cng vi c s d liu c nhn nhng ng-i s dng c th ng thi c arc sde c s d liu a l Cng vi Arc sde h tr c s d liu c th ng thi bin tp ng thi. D liu ngun D liu a l -c nhp v xut t cng c x l thng tin a l t d liu ngun. Chng gm nhng dng sau: D liu v nhm lp d liu a l c tr-ng. D liu dng shape file D liu dng coverage v nhm lp c tr-ng Computer-aided design (CAD) datasets and feature classes SDC feature datasets and feature classes VPF datasets and feature classes D liu dng raster v dng bng raster D liu dng TIN, layer, layer file, bng. Feature data l dng th-ng dng nht trong d liu ngun. Mt feature class bao gm tp hp ca c tr-ng a l cng vi loi ng nht hnh hc (im, -ng, vng) v ging nhnhng tp hp ca thuc tnh. Feature class c th xy dng ln da vo d liu c tr-ng a l, shapefile, coverage, CAD, SDC v VPF cng dng tt nh- d liu a l. Feature data Geodatabase feature datasets c tr-ng c s d liu a l tn ti bn trong personal hoc arcsde d liu a l c s. Geodatabase feature classes


Trung tm o to a chnhNhm lp c tr-ng c s d liu a l -c th hin nhim, -ng, vng, ch gii, khung, thuc tnh .... Feature clasess ghi topological feature cha ng cng fetature dataset ti h thng to ph hp. Faeture classes khc bn ngoi feature dataset -c gi l feture classes c lp. shapefile datasets Mt shapefile dataset -c ghi trong mt thmc, n bao gm c tr-ng a l v thuc tnh ca chng, c c feature classes n. im, -ng, vng miu t c tr-ng a l trong mt shapefile.

coverage datasets Mt thit lp thng nht ca feature classes miu t c tr-ng a l gi l mt coverage v -c ghi trong mt thmc trn file h thng nhmt workspace. coverage feature class Mt thit lp ca point, line (arcs), polygon (areas), ruotes( tuyn), tics, links v annotation (text), l qua h topo (nh ngha quan h gia c tr-ng) gia nhng c tr-ng i cng hoc nhm lp i t-ng c tr-ng. cad feature datasets c tr-ng Arcgis -c miu t trong cad file. Cad c tr-ng d liu c s c th cha t mt ti nm read-only feature classes: points, polylines, polygons, multipatches, and annotation. cad feature classes Nm loi cad feature dataset ch c th c

Sdc datasets


Trung tm o to a chnhD liu gn nh (linh hot) nn trong c s d liu cha bi read-only feature classes, tt c chng ging nhnhng thng tin thuc tnh nh-ng cng s khc nhau levels ca phn ng trong shape. D liu Sdc l dng m v dng nn. Esri s dng nh dng chun b cho d liu streetmapTM . Sdc feature classes L-u tr thit lp ca points, lines v polygons n c th hoc khng th xc nh -c quan h topology gia nhng c tr-ng i km hc nhm lp c tr-ng. Sdc feature classes cho php k thut s dng kt ni truy xut n ng dng arcgis c th, iu ny cng ng vi arcReaderTM, hoc ti phn m rng, hay phn tch kinh doanh Arcgis. VPF datasets y l tiu chun v chun nh dng, cu trc, cu to cho c s d liu a l ln. D liu VPF bao gm nhm lp c tr-ng chng ch c ra. VPF feature classes Nhng lp c tnh VPF l mt tp hp ca nhng c tnh m c cng thuc tnh . Mi lp c tnh cha ng ch, hng, a gic, hoc ch gii features, c bng thuc tnh c tnh c lin h. Lp kiu c tnh ny ch c. Raster data Raster datasets (d liu raster) L mt tp hp nhng loi raster nh-: TIFF, l-i ESRI hoc MrSID. Nhng tp d liu raster ny c th -c l-u tr trong folder ca h s h thng. Raster dataset bands (Nhng di d liu raster ) Mt di nhng raster l mt ma trn vung m t c tr-ng ca mt vng v v tr t-ng i ca chng trong khng gian. Mi cha ng nhng gi tr ch bo m n i din. Raster catalogs Nhng ti liu raster l mt tp hp raster -c t chc nhnhng bng.

TIN data TIN datasets


Trung tm o to a chnhy l nhng tp d liu th-ng -c s dng trnh by v phn tch b mt. D liu TIN cha ng thay i a hnh hai im, nhng im c x, y, z m t c im a hnh ti . TIN c th s dng miu t a hnh, bi tch, nhit v.v.v Layer data (D liu Lp) D liu lp -c ghi trong b nh my tnh; n ch-a -c ghi v l-u tr trn a. Nh- vy, N ch c tc dng trong phin lm vic hin thi. Nhng lp to ra trong ArcCatalog khng -c s dng trong ArcMap v ng-c li. Mt trong nhng mc ch thit yu ca layers l quan tm n thuc tnh hoc s chn lc v tr m khng nh h-ng n ngun d liu ban u. Layer files Layer file l nhng lp h s, cha ng s tham kho ti d liu a l -c ghi trong a. Khi nhng lp h s -c m nhiu h s geograhic -c truy nhp. Hu ht ngun d liu h tr trong ArcCatalog c th tham kho. Lp -c s dng gii thiu mt cnh quan, bn trong d liu a l ca bn. Geostatistical layer files y l nhng file -c to ra bi chc nng phn tch ca ArcGIS Geostatistical.

Table data Tables Nhng bng cha ng d liu m cc phn t -c xp thnh hng v ct. Mi hng i din cho nhng thc th ring l, bn ghi hoc c tnh v mi ct i din mt lnh vc hoc gi tr thuc tnh. Bng cha ng nhng thuc tnh v -c ni ti nhng tp d liu cung cp thng tin v d liu a l. Veiwing data in catalog:


Trung tm o to a chnhCi m ng-i s dng c -c thnh cng d liu gis l h tr nh dng -c ni trn. n c th -c s dung quan st trong ng dng arc catalog. Ghi ch : Phi chng khun dng d liu -c lit k d-i, trn tiu "ArcGIS h tr nhng kiu D liu", n c th (th) n gin -c nhn m khng c nhu cu tht s nhp khu s dng mt tnh c ch nhp khu. Nu khun dng d liu -c lit k d-i bt k tiu khc no ( trn), th d liu s trc ht cn nhp khu. iu ny c th -c s dng ArcToolbox. C s ca vic s dng ArcToolbox s -c m t v sau. Ca s ng dng ArcCatalog bao gm mn hnh ti liu m cho php bn xem tr-c d liu, khng gian hoc xp thnh bng, mt ti liu nm trn cy thmc, v thanh cng c. D liu c th -c xem tr-c trn cy thmc. Ta c th lin kt n d liu qua nt Connect to folder khi nhn vo nt ny s cho ta mt lin kt nhanh nht n thmc cha ti liu.


Trung tm o to a chnhMi d liu GIS -c lit k trong cy thmc, ta c th tin ti ti liu bng cch nhn vo du cng ca cy thmc v sau l nhn trc tip vo ti liu. La chn trang Preview, lp ny s th hin r rng trn ca s ca ArcCatalog. C th s dng cng c quan st zoom in v zoom out, pan, pull extent ca lp d liu, xc nh nhng thuc tnh cha ng bn trong nhng c tnh lp d liu, v to ra mt m hnh ca hnh nh.

Zoom in / out : S dng cng c ny, ng-i dng c th la chn nt Zoom t thanh cng c. phng to v thu nh ti liu trn mn hnh. Pan: S dng cng c ny ng-i dng c th ko ti liu ca mnh trn mn hnh ti nhng ni mun nh v. Full extent: S dng cng c ny s -a trn ton b mn hnh d liu quan st, ton b mn hnh s -c t ng cp nht bn trong khung mn hnh. Identify: S dng cng c ny s cho php nhn dng nhng thuc tnh lin quan n i t-ng -c chn. Create thumbnail: S dng nt cng c ny s ra mt m hnh thu nh v hnh nh gip cho ng-i s dng c th quan st tr-c tng quan v ti liu trong ARC.


Trung tm o to a chnhTt nht chng ta nn quan st tr-c tp hp d liu v nhhng thuc tnh ca mnh v trong ARC h tr vic vi ca s Preview Data attributes by switching to table, ca s ny cho php ng-i dng thuc tnh hoc quan h ca bng d liu. Trong bng thuc tnh ng-i dng c th s dng scroll through nhn thy nhng thuc tnh -c cha ng bn trong lp d liu.Ngoi vic xem tr-c d liu hnh nh v bng thuc tnh ca mt lp d liu, ng-i dng c th nhn hoc to ra metadata. Bng vic kch vo bng mtadata trong mn hnh ti liu, tp hp thng tin v d liu k thut - Nh- h thng ta , phm vi khng gian, s m t thuc tnh, v thng tin miu t quanh khi no v bng cch no d liu -c to ra v c th thu -c. D liu metadata -c bo tr t ng bi ArcCatalog. Tuy nhin, thng tin miu t phi -c cp nht bi ng-i dng m thao tc v qun l d liu. ArcCatalog khng yu cu ng-i s dng bo tr thng tin ny, Tuy nhin, iu ny l quan trng cho ng-i s dng GIS. bit chi tit hn v vic lm sao qun l metadata s dng tr gip ca ArcGIS Desktop.

Viewing Data in ArcMap: (Hin th D liu bn trong ArcMap) Ca s ng dng ArcMap gm c mt mn hnh bn quan st d liu khng gian, mt mc lc lit k nhng lp vo mn hnh v nhng thanh cng c lm vic vi d liu.


Trung tm o to a chnhKhi ArcMap m, hi thoi ArcMap xut hin ca s ng dng. Ti y c th m mt lp d liu m ng-i dng ch ra hoc ta lm vic vi mt bn mi, mt khun mu c sn hay mt bn c sn.

A New Empty Map: Ng-i s dng c th s dng la chn ny nu lp chng ta c d liu v mun quan st hay chnh sa chng. Khi s dng ty chn ny, ng-i dng c th thm tt c cc lp d liu GIS ca h v ct gi n nhmt h s bn . Mt ln thao tc ny -c thc hin, ng-i dng c th bt u lm vic vi ArcMap tip theo ca h bng vic m h s bn hin hu, thay v thm tt c cc lp d liu ca h nh- ban u. A Template: Khi s dng la chn ny chng ta s s dng, to ra nhng bn , cch trnh by v c s m -c to ra v cung cp d liu cho nhng vng. An Existing Map: Tu chn ny nu tn ti nhng bn m cha ng tt c d liu m lm vic. y c hai cch nhp d liu vo bn ang lm vic Trn menu file chn Add data hoc kch vo nt Add data trn thanh cng c chun.


Trung tm o to a chnh

La chn layer cn thit v nhn nt Add.

2. Ta cng c th dng chut chn v ko th ti liu cn thit t Arc catalog -a vo ca s mn hnh ca Arc gis


Trung tm o to a chnhNg-i dng c th thm nhiu lp d liu vo ca s mn hnh ArcMap, cho d chng khng cng h thng to . ArcGIS bin i nhng lp chiu khc nhau " on the fly " t mn hnh ArcMap. Nhng lp ny tm thi c th -c nhn thy hoc khng quan st -c ta c th tch vo check box trong ca s layer. Khi c nhiu lp d liu th ng-i dng c th dng chut ko mt lp ti v tr mong mun khi mun th hin hoc lm che lp bi layer khc. Trong v d d-i layer intrstat.shp v states.shp -c i ch.

Trong ca s layer, ng-i dng c th chn v nhn phm phi chut trn mt lp d liu. Mt ca s la chn m, m cho php ng-i dng la chn thao tc khc.


Trung tm o to a chnhThanh Tools ArcMap s dng iu kin quan st d liu trong Arcgis. Thanh cng c ny c th thay i hnh dng linh hot, thun tin bng cch s dng chut.

Zoom In/Out: S dng cng c ny, ng-i dng c th quan st d liu theo t l, mc quan st mong mun, khi s dng ng-i dng c th nh ngha nhng ca s quan st. Fixed Zoom In/Out: S dng cng c ny, ng-i dng c th thay i t l quan st, tm ca v tr quan st l v tr nh ngha ca con tr chut. Pan: S dng cng c ny, ng-i dng c th gi v ko ton b lp bn ti v tr mong mun. Full Extent: Cng c ny cho php ng-i s dng hin th ton b d liu trn mn hnh. Go Back to Previous Extent: Cng c ny cho php ng-i s dng quay li mn hnh hin th d liu lc tr-c y. Go to Next Extent: Cng c ny cho php ng-i s dng quay tr li mn hnh hin th tr-c khi s dng cng c Go Back to Previous Extent.


Trung tm o to a chnh Select Features: Cng c ny cho php ng-i dng la chn c tnh, C th s dng v mt ca s xung quanh mt tp hp nhng c tnh la chn tt c chng. Select Elements: Cng c ny cho php ng-i dng chn la, thay i kch th-c, di chuyn i t-ng -c v , nhng hp, vn bn, nhng nhn ... khi dng cng c ny c th dng chn nhiu i t-ng bng cch gi v ko chut. Identify: y l cng c cho php ng-i dng bit -c nhng thng tin thuc tnh lin quan -c cha trong bng thuc tnh ca lp d liu. Find: Cng c ny gip ng-i s dng tm kim nhng c tnh a l c bit trong bn , nhng c tnh ny -c tm thy da vo gi tr ca mt trong nhng thuc tnh ca n. Measure: Cng c ny cho php ng-i dng o nhng khong cch trn cc lp d liu, ng-i dng c th o tng on, v nhn p hoc nhn ESC kt thc. Khong cch -c ch r trong hi thoi d liu. Hyperlink: Cng c ny cho php ng-i dng kch vo mt c tnh thc y mt hyperlink. Cng c ny s khng hot ng nu khng c hyperlinks no -c nh ngha cho bt k lp c tnh no trong bn . Nu mt ng-i dng mun s dng hyperlinks chng phi -c nh ngha tr-c khi cng c ny c th -c s dng. Tham kho hyperlinks trong mc hepl ArcMap. i khi ng-i dng cn quan tm n mt khu vc c th no v mun di chuyn nhanh n , cng c bookmark cho php ng-i dng ct gi v tr quan tm, lm -c iu ny ta vo View\Bookmark\Create

Mt hp thoi xut hin v ta nhp tn khng gian ca hp thoi Bookmark v nhn vo OK



Sau khi mt nhn Bookmark -c ct gi, ng-i dng c th kch vo thc n View, chn Bookmark, v tn s xut hin trong danh sch Bookmark. Mn hnh bn s t ng Zoom ti v tr . Trong GIS, c tnh bn c th -c lin h vi nhiu thng tin. Thng tin ny -c ct gi trong bng thuc tnh. Mt bng lp cha ng thuc tnh thnh hng v ct, mi hng v ct cha phm tr thng tin khc nhau. m bng thuc tnh cho mt lp d liu trong ArcMap, ta nhn phm phi chut v chn open attribute table.

V d d-i l mt bng thuc tnh cho lp d liu GIS Hoa K. FID l thng s nhn dng mi bn ghi (Hoc mi c tnh bn trong bn ). S giao nhau ca bn ghi v mt lnh vc l mt . Mi cha ng mt gi tr thuc tnh. V d, gi tr thuc tnh ca lnh vc STATE_NAME bn ghi u tin " Hawaii. "



Nhng bn ghi, cng nhnhng lnh vc, c th -c chiu sng. Khi mt bn ghi -c chiu sng trong bng, c tnh t-ng ng ca n -c chiu sng trn bn . Khi mt bn ghi -c chiu sng c ngha cc c tnh ca n -c la chn. Khi bn ghi -c la chn, c tnh t-ng ng s -c la chn trong mn hnh bn .


Trung tm o to a chnhNg-i dng c th loi b s la chn bng vic kch vo thc n Options cui ca bng thuc tnh v chn Clear selection. Bn ghi tr thnh l unselected trong bng v trong mn hnh bn .

Nhiu thng tin -c thng k cng c th -c tnh ton vi mt lnh vc -c thng k. thc hin thao tc ny ng-i dng cn phi nhn phm phi ln lnh vc v la chn nhng thng tin -c thng k.

Mt hp thoi xut hin vi nhng thng tin -c thng k cho lnh vc . Hp thoi thng tin -c thng k trnh by nhng bn ghi trong minimum, maximum, sum, mean, and standard deviation values. V d trn cho thy khi thng tin Statistics -c la chn ta c bng sau.


Trung tm o to a chnhUsing ArcToolbox: (S dng ArcToolbox) ArcToolbox l ng dng cung cp mt mi tr-ng thc hin s phn tch h thng (GIS) thng tin a l. ArcToolbox cho php ng-i dng thc hin chc nng a dng nhng nhim v geoprocessing bao gm s chuyn i d liu. Nhng cng c Geoprocessing -c t chc trong toolboxes v toolsets bn trong ArcToolbox. Toolbox cung cp nhng gii php cho nhng kiu nhim v khc nhau. Khi gi mt toolsets c th -c lit k trong hnh d-i. Bn cng c th-ng xuyn -c m t nh- sau. Analysis Tools: Nhng cng c phn tch: Toolset ny -c thit k thc hin phn tch d liu vect bao gm c tnh v thuc tnh, chng lp, to ra b m, tnh ton thng tin -c thng k trn d liu thuc tnh v thc hin phn tch . Nu ng-i dng mun gii quyt vn khng gian hoc thng k trong mi tr-ng vect, th cn phi s dng toolset ny. Conversion Tools: Nhng cng c chuyn i: toolset ny cha ng nhng cng c chuyn i d liu gia cc khun dng, cng c -c t chc trong toolsets nh hn m gn lin vi kiu d liu -c chuyn i. a s cc khun dng d liu s dng th-ng -c h tr. Ng-i dng c th chuyn i raster ti nh dng khc, chun b v nhng c tnh chuyn i ti mt nh dng thng th-ng quyen dng khi thit k (CAD) nh dng, chuyn i: c tnh m chuyn i nh dng; nhng bng ti khun dng dBase; nhng c tnh v CAD file ti geodatabase c nhng c tnh lp; d liu ti ti raste; v chuyn i c tnh ti shapefiles. Toolset ny cn phi -c s dng khi mt ng-i dng cn thay i t kiu tp d liu ny sang dng khc. Data Management: Nhng cng c Qun l D liu: Toolset ny cho php ng-i dng qun l v bo tr nhng lp c tnh, nhng tp d liu, nhng lp, v nhng cu trc d liu raster. Thao tc vi c s d liu, xy dng topology, php chiu v nhng thao tc nhng bin i, qun l khng gian lm vic, v hn na, khi cn sa i nhng c tr-ng ca mt tp d liu c bit chng cn phi s dng toolset ny. Spatial Analyst Tools: Nhng cng c phn tch khng gian: toolset ny thit k cho php cho nhng ng-i dng thc hin trn nn raster, s phn tch bao gm s khc nhau ca khu ln cn, overlay, reclass, map algebra (V bn i s), s trch dn, mt , khong cch, gi tr hm b mt, v hn na. Nu ng-i dng mun gii quyt mt vn khng gian hoc thng k trong mi tr-ng raster , th toolset ny cn phi -c s dng. ch-ng 2 Thay i cc thng s trong ArcMap


Trung tm o to a chnhc im ca i tng v rasters: D liu c thit lp vo mt i tng c mc nh trong ArcMap. Ngi s dng c th thay i k hiu ca i tng (im, ng, vng) v raster Thay i n gin c im i tng thay i mu sc ca mt k hiu c xc nh trong lp d liu, ngi s dng c th kch chut phi vo lp i tng trn bng Table of contents ca ArcMap. Mt hp thoi mu s xut hin, v ngi s dng c th la chn mu theo yu cu.

i tng vng c xc nh vi hai c trng sau: ng bao v mu nn. thay i mu sc hoc rng ca ng bao, ngi s dng c th kch vo k hiu ca lp d liu c thay i trn bng Table of contents. i tng c chn trong hp thoi s m ra. Pha bn tri ca hp thoi cha nhng kiu c xc nh. Cu trc c chn bn phi cho php ngi s dng la chn mu sc v to ra rng ca ng bao.



Thm vo thay i mu ca biu tng, ngi s dng cng c th m t nhng c im trn nhn ca bn c th hin. Ngi s dng c th lm bng cch kch chut phi vo lp c la chn trong bng Table of cotents (Ch : kch vo tn lp, khng kch vo k hiu) v la chn Label Features

Ngi s dng cng c th thay i mu nn ca bn . iu ny c th c lm bng cch kch chut phi vo cu trc d liu v kch vo Properties. Hp thoi Data Frame Properties s xut hin. Ng-i s dng nn kch vo Frame Tab, kch vo mu nn trong danh sch th xung, la chn mu mong mun, v bm vo nt Ok. Mu nn sau s -c hin th ti bn .



Thay i c trng ca i tng bng cch s dng thuc tnh c xc nh Ngi s dng c th thay i k hiu c trng lm n c nhiu thng tin hn bi vic ch nh mt k hiu khc ng vi ch c mt gi tr, hoc l dy nhng gi tr ring bit, trong bng thuc tnh ca lp. Chng hn, mt mnh t c s dng lm nn c l th hin nhng c trng ring bit cho mi mt kiu t c s dng hin ti (rng th hin mu xanh, v ma th hin mu vng,v t thnh ph th hin mu trng, ...). V d ny miu t tng trng ca cc thuc tnh xc nh, hoc cc thuc tnh ny m cha tn v hnh dng. Cch khc, cc thuc tnh ny bao gm n v o lng hoc s m ca i tng c gi l thuc tnh nh lng. V d, iu ny c l c la chn th hin k hiu ca cc quc gia chu phi bng li km trn bn ; tng t nh th, ngi s dng la chn th hin k hiu v dn s trn bn nc M. Nu ngi s dng mun a mt mu nht nh ti mt lp c th hoc tn trong bng thuc tnh, ngi s dng c th kch chut phi vo lp v la chn Properties. Hp thoi Layer Properties xut hin, v ngi s dng c th nhn vo Symbology.



Vi cch mc nh ny, cc nt c trng ca i tng c th hin bng k hiu (c ngha l tt c cc bang ca nc M s c mt mu ging nhau). Nu ngi s dng mun thay i cch th hin mt i tng c xc nh (ni m mi bang c mt biu tng ring bit), ngi s dng nn kch vo Categories trong hp Show ca Layer Properties. Trng gi tr ny trong bng thuc tnh c la chn. Trong trng hp STATE_NAME c la chn th hin k hiu khc cho mi bang. Bn c th la chn mu th hin cho mi bang. Cc thng s trn s c thit lp, ngi s dng nn n vo nt Add All Values s a ra danh sch ca tt c cc loi v cc k hiu lin kt vi chng. Vi vic la chn ny ngi s dng s thy hi lng cng vi k hiu, sau khi la chon xong n vo nt Ok. Kiu mu mi s c th hin trn bn .



S phi hp mu s c ng dng, ngi s dng c th thay i mu cho nhng i tng ring bit (trong trng hp ny: mi bang). lm c iu ny bng cch kch chut phi vo k hiu tip theo l tn ca i tng (trong bng Table of contents), v la chn mu theo yu cu.

Changing raster symbology: Ngi s dng c th thay i di mu ny cho nh raster ca h. iu ny c th lm bng vic kch vo tn lp trong bng Table of contents ca ArcMap. Chc nng Symbology nn


Trung tm o to a chnhc la chn. Trong di mu ny, ngi s dng c th la chn di mu mi c p dng vo cch trnh by ca bn .

Phn loi nhng c trng v rasters: Khi mt ngi s dng mun nhn thy gi tr thuc tnh c mi quan h ti mt thuc tnh khc trn cng mt t l, chng c th trnh by nhng thuc tnh (thng s) nh lng (nhng thuc tnh v s m, o lng, hoc gii hn v s lng no ). Nhng tr s ny thng cn c phn chia trong nhng nhm to ra nhng biu tng c gi tr. ArcGIS c 4 cch p dng thay i k hiu: 1. Chun v mu: Nhng k hiu c s dng ph bin hn. N th hin nhng i tng nh l s chuyn dch dn dn cc thang mu (c gi l mu). Cch th hin ny tt nht c dng cng vi kiu vng. 2. Chun v i tng: Nhng i tng ny c s dng th hin cc c trng bng cch s dng nhng kch c khc nhau. Thng thng s dng cng vi lp im. 3. S lng i tng: Cc i tng ny bin i trong gii hn tng ng vi gi tr k hiu. 4. Mt im: Nhng k hiu ny ch nn c s dng cng vi lp vng. Chng th hin s lng bng cch tri mt im ngu nhin. to chun v mu, ngi s dng phi kch p vo tn ca lp d liu trn bng Table of contents. Hp thoi Layer Properties s xut hin. Bn nn bm vo chc nng Symbology.


Trung tm o to a chnhTrong hp thoi ny, ngi s dng nn kch vo Quantities v la chn cc tu chn ca Graduate. Trong trng c gi tr, bn kch vo thanh cun, v la chn cc trng thuc tnh theo yu cu. Trong trng hp ny trng dn s nm 1999 c la chn cho lp d liu U.S.

Vi s ngm nh th gi tr c nhm vo 5 mc khc nhau v phng php phn loi ny c ngt t nhin (natural breaks). Cc phng php phn loi c m t c th c la chn. 1. Natural breaks: S phn loi ny c to ra cc mc theo cc nhm v cc khong trng trong d liu. 2. Equal interval: Phn loi ny to ra cc mc ca dy nhng gi tr c cng kch c. 3. Defined interval: Phn loi ny ging nh Equal interval, nhng khong thi gian la chn xc nh s lng cc bc to ra thay cho s lp ang to gia hai s vic. 4. Quantile: Phn loi ny to ra cc bc cha s lng i tng c nh r. 5. Tiu chun chnh lch (Standard deviation): Phn loi ny to ra cc mc theo lng tiu chun c xc nh t nhng gi tr c ngha. 6. Manual method: S phn loi ny cho php ngi s dng t thit lp cc mc ngt qung. Khi la chn cc phng php ny, nn la chn lch mu thit k v bm vo nt Ok. Cc i tng c la chn sau s th hin trn bn .



to chun v i tng, ngi s dng phi kch p vo lp d liu trong bng Table of contents. Hp thoi Layer Properties s xut hin, v la chn Symbology. Trong hp thoi ny,ngi s dng nn kch vo Quantities, v sau la chn Graduated Symbols. Trong trng ny, bn kch vo thanh cun, v la chn nhng trng theo yu cu th hin. Phng php ph bin ny v s lng cc cp c th c la chn.



Trong ct k hiu, cc k hiu s xut hin. Ni s dng c th thay i chng theo yu cu bng cch la chn nhng k hiu im trong mu Template. Trong Symbol selector, ngi s dng c th la chn kch c, hnh dng, v mu sc ca k hiu. Sau khi la chon xong bm Ok.


Trung tm o to a chnhVi tt c cc thng s c thit lp, ngi s dng chn Ok. Cc kiu th hin c th hin trn bn .

to ra mt k hiu tng ng, ngi s dng phi kch p vo lp d liu c la chn trong bng Table of contents. Hp thoi Layer Properties s xut hin, v la chn Symbology. Trong hp thoi ny, ngi s dng nn chn Quanlities, v la chn Proportional Symbols.

Khi la chn y cc thng tin, bm Ok. S thay i ny s c th hin trn bn .



to ra mt im, phi kch p vo lp d liu c chn trong bng Table of contents. Khi hp thoi xut hin, nn chn Quantities, v la chn Dot Density.

Pha bn tri ca cu trc Field Selection, danh sch s trng trong bng thuc tnh c th hin trong hp thoi. Ngi s dng phi la chn trng m h mun th hin. Chng ta la chn trng bng cch kch chut vo hp Field Selection. a con chut la chn trng thuc tnh mun th hin. Tip theo, dng chut kch vo (>) pha bn phi. y l ni


Trung tm o to a chnhthm cc trng thuc tnh ti hp khung bn phi v mt dng k hiu im c gn ti n. Mu ca k hiu c th c thay i bng cch kch chut phi trn i tng im trong ct k hiu. Trong khung Densities vo Symbology, bn c th thay i trong Dot Value. iu c ngha l mt im s c th hin theo gi tr c xc nh. Chng hn, s dng dn s nm 2001 v mt im tng ng 20.000, mt k hiu im trn bn s c th hin 20.000 ngi. Bn nn ch rng cc k hiu im ny khng c ngha l 20.000 ngi m dng th hin khu vc ny c 20.000 ngi. Nhng im ny c t ngu nhin trong mt n v khu vc (vng) trong trng hp ny l mi bang. Khi bn la chn tt c cc thng s trn, bm Ok. S thay i ny s c th hin vo bn .

Phn loi cc i tng v rasters (Classifying features and rasters): Trong ArcMap, Nhn ca i tng th hin gi tr trong bng thuc tnh. y l mt s a dng cc kiu nhn la chn cho mi nc, thnh ph, ng ph, v cc i tng ph bin khc. Ngi s dng c th la chn t cc kiu c hoc t to ra font, c, mu theo yu cu ca ngi s dng.


Trung tm o to a chnhDi y l hai kiu chnh ca nhn trong ArcGIS: dynamic v interactive Ngi s dng c th la chn kiu nhn dynamic. N cho php ngi s dng gn nhn cho tt c cc i tng trong mt lp ngay lp tc v ArcMap s iu chnh vic sp xp cc nhn khi ngi s dng lm vic vi bn . Vi kiu nhn dynamic, ArcMap s ngn cn nhng nhn ny chng ln nhau khng b nh hng bi cch quan st. Ngi s dng cng c th la chn s dng nhn interactive. N cho php ngi s dng gn nhn cc i tng ti mt thi im nhng v tr la chn bi ngi s dng. Khi xc nh v tr, chng c th c la chn, di chuyn, v thay i ring l. Vi kiu nhn interactive, ArcMap s khng ch ngn cn chng ghp hoc qun l nhng nhn ny theo bt k cch no. to ra v thay i c tnh ca dynamic lablem, ngi s dng u tin phi kch chut phi vo tn lp trong bng Table of contents. Label Features nn la chn. thay i font v mu ca nhn, ngi s dng phi kch chut phi vo tn lp trong bng Table of contents v chn Properties. Trn hp thoi Layer Properties, bn nn chn chc nng Lables.

Trong danh sch th xung Lable Field gia hp thoi ni m cc trng trong bng thuc tnh s c s dng cho gn nhn. Di khu vc ny, i tng nhn c th c xem trc. thay i font v mu ca nhn, bm vo nt Symbol. Hp thoi Symbol Selector s xut hin.



Hp thoi ny cho php ngi s dng c th thay i mu, c, font, v nhng c tnh ca k hiu nhn. Nhng nhn ny s c cp nht vo bn .

to ra mt nhn tc ng vi nhau, ngi s dng u tin phi kch vo danh sch th xung bi chc nng New Text trn Draw Toolbar. Trong nhng chc nng ny, ngi s dng nn la chn chc nng Lable.



Khi thanh cng c Label c la chn, hp thoi Labeling Options s xut hin.

Hp thoi ny cho php ngi s dng la chn v tr nhn hoc cho php ArcMap la chn v tr. Nu ngi s dng quyt nh cho ArcMap t tm v tr tt nht, cn kch vo i tng bn mun th hin. Nhng v tr ca nhn s xut hin, v v tr ca nhn s t ng c xc nh.


Trung tm o to a chnhNu ngi s dng la chn lnh v tr, cn xc nh v tr v a con chut vo v tr m mun nhn c th hin. V tr cho i tng ny s c th hin trong phn la chn. Mt nhn c th c di chuyn hoc xo b bng vic la chn n trong chc nng Select Elements trn thanh cng c Tools. Sau khi cc nhn c chn, n c th c di chuyn ti v tr theo yu cu hoc n gin l xo b bng cch la chn chc nng Delete.

ch-ng 3 Truy vn D liu trong ArcMap Xc nh, La chn, V tm kim nhng c tnh:


Trung tm o to a chnhC nhiu cch ly thng tin v nhng c tnh trong ArcMap. C th xc nh bng vic s dng cng c tm hiu chn chng v th lin nhng thuc tnh trong nhng bng ghi. Xc nh nhng c tnh: Cch nhanh nht c thng tin v mt c tnh n l xc nh n, s dng cng c xc nh. Ng-i dng s dng thanh cng c Identify t thanh cng c. Dng chut kch vo i t-ng quan tm quan st thng tin c tnh ca n.

La chn nhng c tnh :


Trung tm o to a chnhNu mun so snh thng tin v cc c tnh, cch tt nht l la chn nhng c tnh trn bn v xem nhng bn ghi ca chng trong bng thuc tnh lp. Cch d nht la chn nhiu c tnh l dng cng c Select Feature trn thanh cng c. Trn bn , cc c tnh quan tm c th -c chn bng cch gi phm Shift v tip tc la chn cc c tnh quan tm. Nhng c tnh -c chn s -c i thnh mu xanh. Tt c s la feature c th b mt bi vic la chn Clear Selected Features trong Standard Toolbar. quan st bng thuc tnh ng-i dng phi nhn phm phi chut ln lp d liu ni nhng feature -c la chn. Ri kch vo Open Attribute Table.


Trung tm o to a chnhSau khi la chn Open Attribute Table -c thc hin, nhng thuc tnh ca bng cng tt c nhng feature -c la chn s -c sng ln bng mu xanh.

Ng-i s dng c th to nhm ca cc thuc tnh -c chn, bng vic chn nt selected bn d-i bng thuc tnh. ch nhng features -c la chn to thnh nhm.

Ng-i s dng c th d dng so snh s khc nhau ca gi tr thuc tnh, nhnhng Area ca trng thi khc nhau. Nu ng-i s dng mun bit danh sch theo ln ca cc vng, th ng-i s dng c th bn chut phi ln tn tr-ng thch hp (trong tr-ng hp ny l AREA), v chn Sort Descending.



Tm kim Features: Khi ng-i s dng c thng tin v feature, nh-ng khng chc chn rng feature u trn bn , ng-i s dng c th tm kim bn t feature t vic s dng thng tin bit. C th dng cng c Find trn Tools bar. Khi hp thoi Find -c m ra, bng Features c th -c la chn. -a thng tin thuc tnh bit vo hp Find. Trong la chn Search, ng-i s dng la chn tt c cc tr-ng khc nhau trong bng thuc tnh hoc trong tr-ng c th. Khi tt c cc thng s trn -c hon tt ta kch chut vo nt Find.

Mi ln cc feature -c tm thy ng-i dng c th nh v n trn bn v xc nh -c n. Feature c bn s -c hin nn trn nm hnh bn xc nh kt qu -c la chn v hp thoi s -c m ra.


Trung tm o to a chnhLa chn feature bi attributes : Ngoi vic xc nh, la chn v tm nhng c tnh, ng-i dng c th la chn nhng c tnh bng nhng thuc tnh khi vit cu hi t ng la chn nhng c tnh theo mt tiu chun xc nh. Cu hi n gin nht ca mt attribute ( nhSTATE_NAME), mt gi tr ( nh'Arkansas'), v mi quan h gia chng (nh- 'equal to'). Nhng cu hi phc tp c to ra bng vic kt hp nhng cu hi n gin nh- and/or. Nhng cu hi ny -c s dng ngn ng c cu trc (SQL). ArcMap to ra cu hi t ng trong khun dng ny. To ra mt cu hi thuc tnh, ng-i dng phi kch hot thc n Selection trn thanh cng c chun. La chn bi nhng thuc tnh cn phi -c kch hot. Nhng thuc tnh v lp d liu phi -c chn trong hp thoi. Nhng tr-ng trong bng thuc tnh xut hin trong ca s Fields bn tri hp thoi. Thng th-ng khi mt tr-ng -c chiu sng, mu gi tr -c th hin trong danh sch Unique bn phi. Nu ng-i s dng hy vng thy tt c gi tr thuc tnh th hy la chn nt Complete list. Thc hin cu hi, ng-i s dng phi kch p vo tr-ng thuc tnh quan tm, th t th hin trong phn cui ca hp thoi Select by Attributes. Sau ng-i s dng phi chn nt iu khin thch hp. Mt gi tr duy nht -c quan tm c th s dng chut nhp i ln n cng vi hp thoi Unique Values hoc mt loi gi tr c th nhp vo hng cu hi. Trong v d ny, tt c States ban u -c chn Generalization > Dissolve.




Trung tm o to a chnhHp thoi Dissolve s xut hin.

Trong hp thoi ny, bn la chn Input Features t danh sch th xung hoc la chn trong danh sch. Sau khi xc nh tn v mc tiu cho Output Features Class tip theo xc nh thng tin trong Dissolve_Field(s). T danh sch ca bng thuc tnh chon mt hoc nhiu i t-ng kt ni. Khi la chn xong, bm nt Ok. Kt qu s t ng th hin trn bn . Nu ng-i s dng mun bit nhiu chc nng ny, vo Help bit nhiu thng tin hn.



Trong v d d-i y, cc -ng bin ring r lin k vi nhau -c kt ni chnh v vy m n khng c s khc bit g gia MSAs ring l.




Trung tm o to a chnhXut d liu: S dng ArcMap, ng-i s dng c kh nng xut mt d liu mi t mt d liu xc nh cha cc i t-ng -c la chn. Nh- cp phn ba, nhng i t-ng ny -c la chn v ng-i s dng c th chn la bng cch to mt lp ArcMap ch i vi nhng i t-ng c trong c s d liu. iu ny c gi tr cho vic thao tc nhanh chng ca c s d liu. Tuy nhin, nu ng-i s dng mun s dng mt lp mi ny trong cc ng dng khc ca ArcGIS, la chn i t-ng trn c s thc t xut nh- l mt d liu c s, mc d lp ny ch tn ti trong ArcMap (instead of a layer will only exist in ArrcMap). La chn i t-ng trong c s d liu c th xut bng vic kch chut phi vo lp cn xut trong bng Table of contents m n cha cc i t-ng -c la chn ng-i s dng mun xut. Tip theo, ng-i s dng phi ch vo danh sch d liu, v kch vo Export Data. Hp thoi Export Data s xut hin.

La chn cc hnh thc xut trong khun Export. Nhng thng tin ny cho php ng-i s dng xut cc i t-ng -c la chn trong vic thit lp d liu hin thi. Cc chc nng khc cho php ng-i s dng xut all features hoc all features within the view extent. Khi la chn ng kiu xut. Ng-i s dng phi nh r -c hay khng thit lp d liu mi c cng h thng a l nh- d liu ngun ca lp , hoc c cng h thng a l nh- cu trc d liu. Tip theo, xc nh tn v -ng dn cha file to ra, v bm Ok sau khi chn xong. Sau khi la chn xong ng-i s dng kch vo Ok, ArcMap s xut nhng i t-ng ti mt lp mi v mt li nhc ng-i s dng add lp xut -c vo bn . Tham chiu bn trong ArcMap (Projecting Data for Display in ArcMap): H thng thng tin a l ca lp d liu c th -c tm thy bng cch xem trong cu trc d liu khng gian ca lp . Khi thit lp d liu phi cng h thng a l chng xc nh ng v tr cng vi cc chi tit khc trong cu trc d liu. Nu d liu -c to ra th hin trn bn m c h thng a l khc t nhng lp d liu ngun m ngay t u th hin -c


Trung tm o to a chnhcu trc d liu, ArcMap t ng thay i cch th hin ny chnh v vy n ph hp vi nhng lp hin ti. iu ny ch thay i tm thi v ch tn ti trong mt cu trc d liu c bit. H thng thng tin c s khng thay i. Projecting and Defining the Coordinate System or Spatial Reference: Mc d mt trong nhng i t-ng chnh ca ArcGIS Desktop c kh nng thay i c s d liu, lp d liu, hoc php chiu ca file raster on the fly cho cc mc ch phn tch v th hin, nu ng-i s dng thu -c d liu thit lp cng vi h thng a l hoc php chiu,ng-i s dng c l mun thay i chng chnh v vy tt c chng lm cho ph hp. Ng-i s dng c th thay i d liu ti mt d liu mi s dng ArcToolbox Project cho nhng i t-ng v Project Raster cho nhng file nh raster, hoc ng-i s dng c th nh ngha hoc thay i php chiu v h thng a l ca d liu -c to ra s dng Define Projection. to ra hoc xc nh mt php chiu hoc d liu ngun, ng-i s dng kch vo du cng ca Data Management Tools > Projection and Transformations




Trung tm o to a chnhProject v Project Raster cho php nhp d liu v ct chng nhmt d liu mi -c to ra. Project cho php ng-i s dng nh r hoc nhng lp i t-ng nghin cu v c s d liu a l. Project Raster cho php ng-i s dng nh r hoc -a ra nhng thng tin, l-i, hoc TINs. Dng c Define Projection ng dng trong h thng thng tin a l thit lp cc d liu v cc nhm lp i t-ng. V d, nu ng-i s dng mun tham chiu mt lp i t-ng, la chn chc nng Project (shapefiles, geodatabases) trong ArcToolbox. Hp thoi Project s xut hin, ng-i s dng phi la chn chnh xc d liu. -a con chut vo biu t-ng folder v tm v tr shapefile hoc c s d liu mong mun.

Khi xc nh tn d liu trong hp thoi, Output Coordinate System phi -c la chn. la chn h thng a l kch vo nt Spatial Reference Properties -c nh du bng vng trn hnh v. Hp thoi Spatial Reference Properties



Trong hp thoi ny, ng-i s dng la chn xc nh h thng i l, nhp mt h thng a l t d liu khc, hoc to mt h thng a l mi. Khi la chn h thng a l, Hp thoi Spatial Reference Properties s xut hin chi tit h thng a l la chn.



Sau khi chn xong kch vo Ok, Tn Output Coordinate System xut hin trong hp thoi Project.



Kch vo Ok to ra d liu mi cng h thng a l khc. D liu mi t ng add vo lp hin ti. Mc d d liu mi c mt h thng a l khc so vi cc lp khc -c tham chiu ph hp vi cc lp khc trn bn . Ch-ng 5Phn tch D liu Khng gian

Nhng c tnh Buffering Thao tc trn Buffering l cng c phn tch khng gian chung nht. Mt Buffering l c tnh bn m i di khong cch ng dng to nn vng m xung quanh mt c tnh. Cng c Buffering to nn nhng c tn trong mt lp, khng cch ny thay i tu thuc vo nhng gi tr thuc tnh yu cu. Nhng Buffering c th g nhau. Ng-i dng c th gi nhng s gi ln nhau hoc loi b chng. s dng cng c Buffering ArcToolbox, la chn cng c Analysis Tools \ Proximity \ Buffering xut hin ca s nh- hnh bn d-i. Trn dng input feat output feature class kch vo mi tn ch xung hoc nt m ti liu bn cnh v la chn layer mun to buffer chn v tr t kt qa . Ti dng Distance ta cn phi ch r n v o v n v khong cch ca buffer. Nu ng mun nhp nhng v tr giao nhau ca buffer ( khng cho chng ln nhau ) th chng ta s dng cc la chn Dissolve Type. Trong hp thoi ny chng ta la chn cc nhng thuc tnh theo yu cu.



Nu ng-i dng mun to ra mt b m xung quanh mt c tnh th phi ch r gi tr nh- trn hoc mt gi tr bng thuc tnh c th s dng nt Field radio. Khi tt c cc tham s -c t ta nhn Ok. Buffer thm vo mn hnh ArcMap. {$Once a buffer has been created the user may want to add the buffer distance to the new layer's attribute table.$} Mi ln mt buffer -c to ra Ng-i dng c th mun thm khong cch b m vo bng thuc tnh (ca) l {$This can be done by right-clicking on the layer name in the table of contents and selecting Open Attribute Table.$ (Ci) ny c th -c lm bi vic nhn phi trn (v) tn lp trong mc lc v la chn M Bng Thuc tnh. {$On attribute table opens, the Options button should be clicked.$} Mt ln bng thuc tnh m, nt nhng ty chn cn phi -c kch. {$The user should then select the Add option.$} Ng-i dng nn la chn sau la chn chc nng Add Field.



Khi hp thoi Add Field xut hin,ng-i s dng phi xc nh tn trong new field, la chn kiu thuc tnh m s add vo danh sch cc lp,v chn Ok. phn trn, mt lp mi -c to ra v c tn l BufferDist cha cc d trong tr-ng hp ny 25 c ngha l khong cch vng m 25 miles.

When the Add Field Dialog Box appears, the user must type in the name of the new field, select the type of attribu will be added to the field, and click OK. In the above, a new field was created called "BufferDist" that will c numeric data, in this case "25" for 25 miles buffer distance.

Khi mt lp mi -c to ra ng-i s dng c th di chuyn gi tr trong BufferDist bng vic s dng Too thanh tiu v la chn Editor Toolbar > Editor v sau chn Start Editing. Cng vi s sp xp trong cc thuc tnh c l s -c sa n gin bng vic di chuyn con ch cc v ghi n trong tr-ng hp ny cc -c to ra lp BufferDist l 25 t-ng -ng 25 miles.

Once a new field has been created the user can place values in the cells under "BufferDist" by going to Tools menu and selecting Editor Toolbar followed by Editor on the toolbar and then Start Editing. With this preparati contents of cells in an attribute table may be edited simply by placing the cursor in the cell(s) and typing - in this ca cell underneath the newly created "BufferDist" field had "25" placed in it for 25 miles.

Ct gi cc khu vc -c s cha chn Editor, la chn Save Edt, sau Stop Editing


Trung tm o to a chnhClosing the editing session is done by going back to Editor, selecting Save Edits, then Stop Editing.

Trong phn minh ho d-i y vng m 25 miles xung quanh thnh ph Arkansas -c th hin cng vi vng miles xung quanh nhng dng sng chnh. Ch : cc vng m ny -c m rng n bin gii ca Arkansas. N vng m ny pha d-i -c ct cng vi lp Arkansas th hin ch c nhng khu vc trong Arkansas phm vi 25 miles ca mt thnh ph v tt c cc khu vc trong 25 miles ca mt dng sng chnh.

In the following illustrations a 25-mile buffer around cities in Arkansas is represented along with a 25-mile buffer a the major rivers. Note: the actual buffers extended beyond the boundary of Arkansas. The buffers shown below clipped with the Arkansas layer in order to display only the areas within Arkansas that were within 25 miles of a ci all areas within 25 miles of a major river.



Overlaying Data:

Qu trnh che ph d liu l mt trong nhng dng c phn tch khnggian ph bin nht. Che ph cho php ng dng nh dng nhng khu vc cho php cc i tt-ng hai lp gi ln nhau. Thng th-ng mt lp d liu -c t chc nng ny. Chc nng Union Overlay, tt c cc i t-ng bao gm trong mt d liu mi -c thit lp nh-



i t-ng b gi ln nhau -c l-u mt lp mi. Chc nng Intersect overlay, ch nhng khu vc gi ln nhau trong d liu mi

An overlay operation is also one of the most common spatial analysis tools. Overlays allow the user to identify where features in two layers overlap. A new data set is often created from these overlaps. In a Union Overlay are included in the new data set but the features that overlap represent a new feature. In an intersect overlay, on areas that overlap are contained in the new data

Union Overlay:

Chc nng kt hp s dng rt tin dng nu ng-i s dng mun kt hp cc lp vi nhau thnh mt lp. Chng h ng-i s dng khng mun xy dng mt ngi nh qu gn dng sui hoc -ng ray, ng-i s dng c th to m m xc nh khu vc qu gn dng sui. Ng-i s dng c th lm mt cch t-ng t i vi lp tu ho. Cui ng-i s dng c th kt hp hai buffer ny vi nhau. Kt qu cui cng -a ra tt c nhng khu vc m ng-i s khng nn xy nh.

The union overlay option may be very useful if the user wishes to combine data layers into one layer. For example user does not wish to build a house with close proximity to a stream or a railroad, the user could create a buffer ar represents close proximity to a stream. The user could do the same for the railroad layer. Last, the user could uni two buffers. The final result would represent all areas the user does NOT wish to build a house.

Cch thao tc Union Overlay, ng-i s dng phi chn chc nng phn tch ca ArcToolbox, la chn Overlay, chn Union. Ng-i s dng sau xc nh d liu vo kt hp v xc nh tn d liu ra sau khi thc hin lnh. To perform a union overlay, the user must go to ArcToolbox's Analysis Tools, select Overlay, and then click user then specifies the input layers to union and a name for the output data set.



Mt ln na, bm Ok, kt qu s -c cp nht vo ArcMap khi ArcToolbox s dng trn ca s ny. Bng thuc khi kt hp s th hin c nhng d liu vo.

Again, once the OK button has been clicked, the result will be added to the ArcMap display should ArcToolbox been used through ArcMap. The attribute table for the union layer will contain the attributes present in both input la

Trong v d v to vng m 25 miles thnh ph Arkansas v vng m 25 miles nhng dng sng chn Arkansas -c to ra th hin cng nhng khu vc ni m v tr cui cng cho ph-ng tin vn chuyn. Hai vn ny -c lin kt th hin tt c cc khu vc ri vo hai vng m ny. Hot ng ny th hin Boolean operation.

In the following example an Arkansas city buffer of 25 miles and an Arkansas' major rivers buffer of 25 mile created to represent suitable areas in which to locate a transportation terminal. These two buffers were unioned in o represent all areas that fall within either buffer. This operation represents the Boolean OR operation.





Intersect Overlay:

ct i t-ng gi ln nhau, ng-i s dng la chn chc nng phn tch trong ArcToolbox v chn chc Overlay.T danh sch cng c Overlay kch p vo Intersect. Ng-i s dng b qua vic la chn cc i t- cho s phn chia v i t-ng ra.

To perform an intersect overlay, the user must go to Analysis Tools in ArcToolbox and click on Overlay. From the Overlay tools double-click on Intersect. The user is prompted to select the input features for intersection and the feature class.

Trong phn v d union oerlay trn, lp to ra ch v tr ti thiu mt trong nhng vng m -c thit lp. H restrictive overlay tm thy vi iu kin BOTH din ra trong cng mt v tr. Mt kkhc iu ny -c bit nh- l AND. Cch thc sau th hin quy trnh xc nh v tr trong 25 miles ca thnh ph Arkansas AND trong 25 mil sng chnh Arkansas.

In the above union overlay example, the output shows where at least one of the buffer criteria have been met. restrictive overlay is to find the places where BOTH criteria occur in the same place. This is otherwise known Boolean AND operation. The following shows the process to determine the places that are within 25 miles of an Ar city AND within 25 miles of a major Arkansas river.



Chn Ok. Kt qu t ng th hin trong ArcMap nu ArcMap -c s dng truy cp ArcToolbox. Trong phn union overlay trn, to ra ch v tr ti thiu mt trong nhng vng m -c thit lp. Hn mt restrictive overl thy v tr vi iu kin BOTH din ra trong cng mt v tr. Mt khc n -c bit n nh- l mt biu thc Chng s ch ra nhng v tr m trong bn knh 25 miles ca thnh ph Arkansas AND trong 25 miles ca dng chnh Arkansas.

The OK button should be clicked. The result is automatically displayed in ArcMap if ArcMap was used to ArcToolbox. In the above union overlay example, the output shows where at least one of the buffer criteria hav met. A more restrictive overlay is to find the places where BOTH criteria occur in the same place. This is oth known as the Boolean AND operation. The following shows the places that are within 25 miles of an Arkansas city within 25 miles of a major Arkansas river.



H-ng dn s dng phn mm arcgis 9.0Calculating Attribute Values: TRACDIAVIET.COM

[email protected]

S dng ArcMap, ng-i s dng c th m nhng tr-ng gi tr mi trong bng thuc tnh ca lp . S tnh to c th cho ta bit tt c cc bn ghi trong bng hoc ch la chn nhng bn ghi theo yu cu. S tnh ton ny -c d-i dng text hoc d-i dng s.

Trung tm o to a chnhCh-ng 6 Bin tp v in bn trong ArcMap S dng bn mu to ra mt bn : Khi mt mu vn bn -c m, ng-i s dng th-ng xem lp d liu trong Data View. xem d liu trong trang layout, ton cnh bn s -c in, ng-i s dng phi chn View > Layout View. Khi la chn chc nng ny thanh cng c Layout xut hin. Cc chc nng trn thanh cng c ny c th -c s dng tm v tr v nh du trn bn .

Mt bn mu l bn th cho php ng-i s dng nhanh chng to ra mt bn mi. Bn mu th-ng cha d liu, thit k mu, v trang layout c sn b tr cc i t-ng (North Arrows, Scale Bars, and Logos) trn giy. Bn mu c ui m rng d-i dng *.mxt. Vi cch mc nh ny, mt mu thng th-ng -c s dng cng vi mi kiu trong ArcMap. Trang Layout s th hin nhmt t trng, mt khung n. Mc d nhng i t-ng ny -c cu thnh ca mt mu n gin, c mt vi mu khc c gi tr cho ng-i s dng. Ng-i s dng ArcMap cng cho php thit k v ct gi nhng mu ny s dng cho cc bn sau. M mt mu bn , ArcMap phi khi ng. Trong ca s ArcMap, ng-i s dng nn la chn cc mu, sau kch Ok. Nu ArcMap chy, ng-i s dng chn File > New. Trong hp thoi New Template, tt c cc mu -c s dng cng ArcGIS s xut hin.



Trong My Templates cha cc mu to ra do ng-i s dng. General v Industry cho php ng-i s dng la chn trang layout m h thch s dng vo cng vic ca h. USA v World cho php ng-i s dng la chn t s a dng bn n-c M v th gii -c to ra. Ng-i s dng la chn nhng mu h thch, v kch Ok. Khi la chn mt mu, ng-i s dng c th add mu ny m h mun s dng trong bn cui cng. Trong phn v d d-i y, bn mu General -c gi l Landscape Classic th hin bn chuyn v dn s nm 1999. Nu mu ny c mt trong bn , ng-i s dng n gin cn m Layout View v la chn Map Template trn thanh cng c Template.



Khi la chn xong, d liu ca ng-i s dng s-c kt hp cng vi kiu mu chn. Sau ng-i s dng c th bt u sa cc i t-ng (ta , ch h-ng, ch thch, ...). Hu ht cc i t-ng u th hin trn trang Layout. Nhng kiu ny c th -c thay i nu ng-i s dng kch p vo i t-ng cn sa, v s c tnh ca chng. To bn khng s dng mu: phn tr-c gii thch cch s dng mt bn mu. Trong rt nhiu tr-ng hp, ng-i s dng thch to mt trang layout theo cch ca h. Trong phn ny tp trung vo cch to mt trang layout m khng s dng mt bn mu v to tn bn , ch h-ng, thanh t l, v ch dn. Cc i t-ng c l -c sp xp trong cc kh giy khc nhau. lm -c iu ny ng-i s dng xc nh r cc c im cu chng tr-c khi chng bt u to ra mt trang layout cho bn . Cc kh giy v s nh h-ng c th -c la chn trn thanh menu File > Page and Print Setup. Hp thoi Page and Print Setup s xut hin.



Thm vo , y c th-c, h-ng dn, v l-i gip ng-i s dng sp xp cc i t-ng bn trn trang giy. iu ny c th -c tm thy bng cch kch chut phi vo khu vc trng ca trang layout v la chn t bng danh sch. Ngoi ra, ng-i s dng c th sp xp theo hng, nudge, phn loi, vng trn, v la chn cc i t-ng theo yu cu t chng theo ng ch. Trong phn v d d-i y, d liu -c add vo Data view v khng c i t-ng no. Tuy nhin, kh giy v s nh h-ng -c chn, v -c nhn thy trn trang View layout.



Mu nn ca bn c th thay i bng vic la chn khung trang giy v la chn trong danh sch th xung ca Fill Color trn thanh cng c Draw. Khi ng-i s dng chn mu mong mun, mu nn bn s -c cp nht vo.

Tn bn -c add vo trang layout khi bn chn Insert trn menu v la chn thay i ta . Mt khung ch s xut hin trn trang giy. Trong khung ny, tn mc nh hin ra v


Trung tm o to a chnhng-i s dng c th nh tn ta trong hp ny v n Enter. Sau khi n Enter, ng-i s dng quay tr li v sa ta bng cch kch p chut vo ta v sa c tnh cu chng. Font, c, kiu, hoc mu ca ta c th -c thay i khi s dng thanh Draw.

Mi tn ch h-ng -c add vo khi bn kch vo Insert v la chn cc kiu th hin. Hp thoi North Arrow Selector s xut hin, ng-i s dng la chn cc kiu mi tn khc nhau v thay i cc c tnh ca bt k mi tn ny.



Khi cc mi -c chn tn. Chn Ok, mi tn ch h-ng s -c th hin trn bn . Ng-i s dng c th thay i kch th-c ca mi tn khi bn kch vo v ko n. Thm vo , ng-i s dng c th di chuyn mi tn n bt c mt v tr no trn bn .


Trung tm o to a chnhTh-c t l -c add vo khi bn kch vo Insert trn thanh menu v chn cc tu chn ca Scale Bar. C th chn cc kiu th-c t l khc nhau v sa cc c tnh ca chng trong hp thoi Bar Selector.

Khi la chn xong bm vo nt Ok, th-c t l s t ng xut hin trong trang layout. Ng-i s dng c th kch v ko th-c ti mt v tr mong mun.



Ch dn -c add khi chn Insert trn thanh menu v thay i ta trong Legend. Hp thoi Legend Wizard s xut hin.

Vi cch mc nh ny, tt c cc lp trn bn s -c th hin trong bng ch dn. Ng-i s dng chn nhng lp s -c th hin trong bng ch dn bng cch la chn nhng lp t


Trung tm o to a chnhkhung Map Layer v kch vo (>>). Nhng lp -c la chn s xut hin trong khung Legend Items. Khi cc lp -c chn. Bm nt Next. Hp thoi th hai s xut hin.

Trong hp thoi ny, ng-i s dng vo Lengend Title, thay i c tnh ca chng, v thit lp ta . Khi cc thng s -c thit lp ng-i s dng chn Preview. Ng-i s dng chn Prevew mt ln na tr-c khi chng di chuyn ti bng tip theo ca hp thoi Legend wizard.Khi tt c cc thng s -c la chn, bm Next. Bng tip theo ca wizard xut hin.


Trung tm o to a chnhTrong bng ny, ng-i s dng la chn Border, background color, drop shadow. Khi cc thng s -c chn, bm Next. Bng tip theo ca wizard xut hin.

Trong bng ny, ng-i s dng thay i c v hnh dng ca cc k hiu -c s dng gii thch -ng v vng trong ch dn. Khi cc thng s -c thit lp, bm Next. Bng cui cng ca wizard xut hin.


Trung tm o to a chnhTrong bng ny, ng-i s dng thay i khong cch gia cc phn khc nhau trong ch dn. Khi cc thng s -c thit lp, chn Finish. N s th hin trn trang Layout, ng-i s dng c th thay i c v di chuyn bng ch dn ti mt v tr no trn bn .

Chn cc thng s in: Nu ng-i s dng ch-a chn cc thng s trong Page Setup, chng nn -c lm tr-c khi in. iu ny c th lm khi chn File > Page and Print Setup. Hp thoi xut hin.



Ng-i s dng chc chn rng c bn t-ng t nh- c giy -c in. Khi cc thng s c chn, bm Ok. Tr-c khi in bn , ng-i s dng nn th-ng xuyn xem xt ton b bn bng cch chn File >Print Preview. N cho php ng-i s dng nhn thy nu bt c ci g cn thay i tr-c khi bn -c in. Nu thay i l cn thit, Print Preview nn ng, v thay i chng. Nu mi th trn bn ng, ng-i s dng c th in bn . Cc thng s khi in bn phi -c chn, v bm Ok khi ng-i s dng tht s mun in bn .


Trung tm o to a chnhPhn 2: p dng phn mm Arc GIS thc hin d n GISBi 1: Phn tch GIS_ Cc b-c thc hin mt d n GIS 1. Phn tch GIS l g?T phn tch GIS c ngha l thc hin nhiu thao tc trn h thng thng tin a l. Nhng thao tc phn tch chnh ca h GIS l: Trnh by s phn b v a l ca d liu: y l thao tc n gin nht. Truy vn d liu: C hai dng truy vn GIS l truy vn theo thuc tnh v truy vn theo v tr. Xc nh cc i t-ng lin k: y l dng phn tch th ba ca h GIS. Cch d nht tm i t-ng nm gn l to mt vng m xung quanh i t-ng nghin cu. Mt trong nhng kh nng rt mnh ca phn tch GIS l u ra ca mt qui trnh ny s l u vo ca qui trnh khc. Xp chng cc lp i t-ng: Dng phn tch th t- l xp chng cc lp i t-ng khc nhau. Bn s to ra thng tin mi khi xp chng cc i t-ng. C nhiu kiu xp chng d liu (union, intersect, merge, dissolve, clip), nh-ng nhn chung l kt hp 2 tp hp i t-ng c sn thnh mt tp hp i t-ng mi. Thc hin phn tch phc tp: C th phi hp tt c cc k thut ny v nhiu k thut khc trong phn tch GIS phc tp. Vi GIS bn hon ton c th to ra cc m hnh chi tit ca th gii bn ngoi gii quyt nhng vn phc tp.

2. Cc b-c ca d n GISCc b-c ca mt d n phn tch GIS tiu biu l: xc nh mc tiu d n, to c s d liu cha d liu cn thit gii quyt bi ton, s dng cc hm GIS to m hnh nhm gii quyt vn , v cui cng l hin th kt qu phn tch.

B-c 1: Xc nh mc tiu ca d nB-c u tin trong qui trnh l xc nh mc tiu phn tch. C th da vo nhng cu hi t ra sau y xc nh -c mc tiu, yu cu: Cn phi gii quyt vn g? Cch gii quyt ra sao? C cn thit phi gii bi ton bng phn tch GIS khng? Sn phm cui cng ca d n l cc bo co hay bn ? Ai l ng-i s dng kt qu? D liu c cn dng cho mc ch no khc khng? C nhng yu cu g i vi d liu? B-c ny quan trng bi v cu tr li cho nhng cu hi t ra s xc nh -c mc tiu ca d n.


Trung tm o to a chnhB-c 2: To c s d liu cho d nB-c 2 l to c s d liu cho d n. Qu trnh gm 3 b-c l thit k c s d liu, nhp d liu vo CSDL v qun l, khai thc CSDL. Thit k c s d liu bao gm xc nh d liu khng gian cn cho d n, khai bo cc thuc tnh ca i t-ng, xc nh lnh th vng nghin cu, v chn h ta s dng. Nhp d liu vo CSDL bao gm s ha hoc chuyn i d liu t cc h khc v chun ha, hiu chnh d liu. Qun l CSDL bao gm kim tra h ta v lin kt cc lp d liu.

B-c 3: Phn tch d liuB-c th ba l phn tch d liu. Nh- bn thy, phn tch d liu trong mt h GIS c th n gin l hin th bn cho n phc tp l to nhng m hnh khng gian phc tp. M hnh khng gian cho php p dng nhiu hm chc nng ca GIS nh-: Tnh ton khong cch, to vng m, tnh din tch v chu vi vng. Xp chng cc tp d liu. Cc hm tm v tr theo a ch, dn -ng...

B-c 4: Hin th kt quB-c th t- l hin th kt qu phn tch.Trong nhiu tr-ng hp, kt qu ca phn tch GIS tt nht l -c trnh by d-i dng bn . Biu v cc bn bo co cng l hai trong s cc cch hin th kt qu. Bn c th in biu v bo co ring hay nhng chng v cc ti liu do cc ng dng khc to ra, hoc l t chng trn bn . 3. Xy dng mt d n GIS c th V d t ra l cn tm v tr thch hp xy dng nh my x l n-c thi cho thnh ph ang pht trin Greenvalley. Chnh quyn thnh ph d nh s dng ngun n-c d tr v x l n-c thi phc v cho nhu cu v n-c.

B-c 1: Xc nh mc tiu ca d nMc tiu ca d n GIS ny l tm v tr thch hp xy dng trm x l n-c thi mi. Chnh quyn thnh ph ch-a bao gi s dng m hnh GIS cho bi ton t-ng t. K hoch cho trm x l hin ti -c hnh thnh t nhiu nm nay bng cch xy dng bn , chng xp cc lp thng tin... Cch tip cn ny l t-ng i ph hp nh-ng tn thi gian v khng tham kho -c kin ca cng chng. Bi ton li cng tr nn kh gii quyt hn khi th ngy cng -c m rng v cc yu cu v bo v sc khe v mi tr-ng ngy cng nghim ngt hn. Hi ng thnh ph chn gii php dng m hnh GIS y nhanh tc thit k v m bo p ng -c mi yu cu. Hi ng mun bit cc tha t no c th dng xy dng trm x l n-c thi. Trn bn kt qu phi th hin


Trung tm o to a chnh-c nhng v tr no thch hp nht v nhng v tr khng -c php xy dng trm x l n-c thi. Cc tiu ch la chn v tr xy dng trm x l l: Thp hn cao 365m gim chi ph bm n-c. Nm ngoi vng trng trnh b ngp n-c. Nm cch sng khng qu 1000m gim chi ph xy dng -ng ng n-c sch. Nm cch khi dn c- v cng vin t nht 150m. Nm trn vng t cn trng gim chi ph mua hay n b t. Nm trong vng 1000m ca cc im n-c thi chnh (tt nht l 500m). Nm cch -ng 50m. Vng xy dng phi c din tch t nht l 150,000m2.

B-c 2: To c s d liu cho d nTr-c ht, chng ta s thu thp cc d liu hin c v xem xt d liu. Tip , chun b d liu phn tch.

Tp hp d liu cho d nC th s dng d liu GIS c sn ca cc b, ngnh khc:

Chun b d liu phn tchTrn c s xem xt cc d liu, chng ta xc nh -c nhng layers no c th s dng ngay -c v nhng layers no cn x l b sung. Mt s thao tc hay dng trong khu chun b d liu l: Kim tra cht l-ng d liu. Chun i dng formats ca d liu. S ha d liu mi. Khai bo h ta .


Trung tm o to a chnh -a cc layers v cng mt h ta chiu mi. Ghp cc layers lin k.

B-c 3: Phn tch d liuTrong qu trnh xy dng d n cn phi tnh n ph-ng php phn tch v lit k cc b-c quan trng cn thc hin. Cn to s x l h-ng dn thc hin. D-i y l s cc b-c x l cho d n trm x l n-c thi:



3 giai on ca qu trnh phn tch:Giai on mt, bn cn to mt layer cho cc vng m d n khng -c nm y v mt layer cho cc vng m d n c th ri vo -c. Giai on hai, bn s dng cc layers ny chn cc tha thch hp. K tip, t cc tha ny li chn ra cc tha cn trng to ra layer cc tha t thch hp. Trong giai on th ba, da trn cc tiu ch ca hi ng thnh ph chn ra nhng tha t thch hp nht, tc l tha t phi nm trong vng 50m cch -ng giao thng v trong bn knh 500m v 1000m ca cc trm n-c thi. Bn cng cn phi kim tra xem tha t c ln xy dng -c trm x l hay khng

B-c 4: Hin th kt quBiu din kt qu trn bn v cho hin th nhng tha t -c xem l thch hp v thch hp nht vi d n. Bn s gii thiu vi cng chng cc tha t d nh chn, m hnh cao dng grid cng chng c th thy -c nhng tha t vng cao v vng trng ca thnh ph

Bi 2 :Xy dng c s d liu d nD liu cn cho d n c th nm nhiu ni v nhiu khun dng khc nhau. Cn phi tm kim d liu thch hp, sao chp v thmc lm vic hoc to mi d liu... ArcCatalog cho php khai thc v t chc d liu mt cch c hiu qu. Ch-ng ny gii thiu cch to v t chc c s d liu bng ArcCatalog. Bn cng s -c h-ng dn s dng ArcMap hin th cc tp d liu ca CSDL v thy -c mi quan h v mt a l gia chng.


Trung tm o to a chnhT chc c s d liu cho d nC nhiu cch t chc CSDL cho d n. Cch tt nht l to mt folder cho d n, sau l cc subfolders cha cc tp d liu u vo, v subfolder khc cho d liu m ta to ra trong qu trnh phn tch. D liu cho d n c th -c thu thp t nhiu ngun khc nhau, do c th c nhng dng formats hay cc h ta khc nhau. Nh- vy, c th truy cp d liu d dng chng ta cn thc hin mt s cng vic sau:

To project folder. Sao chp d liu ( bo v d liu gc) vo project folder:

Khi ng ArcCatalog; Di chuyn n ArcGIS\ArcTutor\Getting_Started, nhn p vo Getting_Started folder; Nhn v gi CTR vo project folder v ko n folder lm vic. To kt ni vi project folder:

1) Di chuyn n project folder ca s bn phi ca Catalog; 2) Nhn vo project folder v ko ln trn cng ca cy Catalog. To geodatabase mi:

1) Nhn chut phi vo kt ni project folder, chn New/Personnal Geodatabase; 2) t tn geodatabase mi l WaterProject, sau nhn Enter. To hai folder mi trong project folder: mt l-u cc d liu u vo, mt l-u d liu m qu trnh phn tch pht sinh: 1) Nhn chut phi vo project folder, chn New/Folder; 2) t tn folder mi l City_Layers; 3) Lp li b-c trn to folder mi l Analysis.

2. B sung d liu vo project folderBa tp d liu ngun l parks, streets, v flood zone ca CSDL Citys GreenvalleyDB c sn trn a cng. Bi v chng ta s chnh sa parks feature class bng cch b sung thm Historical park mi, do chng ta s chp lp c tr-ng parks vo geodatabase WaterProject va -c to bo v bn gc. Chng ta s khng chnh sa hai lp c tr-ng cn li m ch s dng chng hin th v phn tch. V vy, thay v sao chp chng, chng ta s to cc layers trong project folder ch n d liu gc ca geodatabase GreenvalleyDB. Cch ny cho php truy cp -c d liu nm ngoi project folder m khng phi to bn sao cho cc tp d liu. Sau y l cc b-c c th: Sao chp parks feature class t geodatabase GreenvalleyDB vo geodatabase WaterProject:

1) Di chuyn n ArcGIS\ArcTutor\Getting_Started\GreenValey;


Trung tm o to a chnh2) Nhp p chut vo Data, GreenValey DB thy cc tp d liu c tr-ng; 3) Nhn chut vo parks feature dataset; 4) Nhn v ko park_polygon feature vo geodatabase WaterProject; 5) Nhn OK trong hp thoi Data Transfer sao chp d liu. To streets layer trong folder City_layers:

1) Nhn p chut vo GreenValey DB, Transportation; 2) Nhn chut phi vo street_arc v chn Create Layer; 3) Trong hp thoi Save Layer As di chuyn n folder City_Layers, t tn layer l streets; To flood_zone layer trong folder City_layers: - Lp li cc b-c trn to layer flood_zone cho flood_polygon nm Hydrology.

3. Kho st d liu bng ArcMapTh Contents v Preview ca ArcCatalog cho ta xem nhanh d liu. Tuy nhin, thy quan h gia cc tp d liu v mt a l th cn phi kho st chng trong ArcMap.

M mt bn mi1) Khi ng ArcMap. 2) Chn new empty map v nhn OK.ArcMap c hai chc nng chnh: th nht l thc hin chc nng nhmt desktop (hin th, truy vn, bin tp v kt hp cc d liu a l); th hai l c chc nng nhmt trang trnh by bn . Thng th-ng, ta lm vic trong data view to kt qu v dng layout view hin th kt qu cui cng.

B sung parcel layers vo bn C hai cch b sung d liu vo bn : Dng nt Add Data ca ArcMap hoc l ko tp d liu t ArcCatalog v th vo bn . 1) Nhn vo nt Add data ca ArcMap. 2) Di chuyn n City_share folder ca project folder. 3) Nhn p vo land folder. 4) Nhn chut vo parcel_1 shapefile, sau gi phm Shift v nhn vo parcel_2 shapefile chn c hai. 5) Nhn vo Add.

B sung d liu City vo trong bn :Tip theo bn s b sung vo bn d liu v cc -ng ph v vng ngp lt, park feature class t WaterProject geodatabase v coverage wasterwater junction t City share layer. Thay v dng nt Add data d b sung d liu ta s s dg thao tc ko th t Arc Catalog vo trong Arc Map. 1. M ng thi c ca s Arc Catalog v Arc Map.


Trung tm o to a chnh2. Trn cy Catalog ch -ng dn n thmc project 3. Kch p vo City_Layer, hin th ni dung ca n 4. Kch vo Flood_Zone v ko n vo trong bn 5. Trn cy Catalog, m thmc utilities trong thu mc City_share. 6. Kch v ko coverage Juction vo bn . 7. Cui cng m water project v ko i t-ng park_polygon vo trong bn . Hin ti bn b sung v hin th hu ht cc tp d liu ca d n vo trong bn 8. Trong TOC ca Arc Map, kch vo flood _Zone v ko n xung d-i cng. 9. Kch chut phi vo k hiu d-i Pacel_1 10. Chon No color pha trn cng ca bng mu. Lm t-ng t vi pacel_2 11. Chn nt Full trn thanh cng c B sung river shapefile vo trong bn : By gi bn s b sung river shapefile vo trong bn : 1. Kch vo nt Add data trong thanh cng c tiu chun ca Arc Map. 2. Chn -ng dn n thmc Country_ Share trong thmc project. 3. Kch vo River.shp v kch Add. Trn mn hnh s xut hin dng nhc cnh bo rng River.shp c h to a l khc i to cc file khc trn bn 4. Kch OK ng dng nhc li B sung d liu cao vo trong bn : 1. Dng nt Add data b sung file elevation v fie lowland vo bn . Khi vo d liu lowland arc Map s xut hin dng cnh bo rng layer ny b mt thng tin tham chiu khng gian v khng th chiu -c. 2. Kch vo thanh Full Extent. Trn mn hnh s xut hin mt chm nh pha d-i chnh l lowland, mt chm sng v rng hn pha trn chnh l phn d liu cn li. 3. Kich vo Lowland trn TOC v kch vo Zoom to layer By gi bn s nhn thy ton b shape file lowland nh-ng khng nhn thy phn d liu cn li. 4. Kch hai ln vo Go back to Previuos Extent. Cc tp d liu cn li s xut hin trn mn hnh.


Trung tm o to a chnhTo layer t Elevation GridTheo mc nh, Elevation Grid -c hin th bng mu xm. Bn s to ra mt layer mi vi k hiu m bn la chn cho Elevation Grid. 1. Kch chut phi vo elevation trn TOC ri chn Properties. 2. Trn hp hi thoi Layer Properties chn Symbology 3. Chn Color Ram: Chn Color Ram t mu da cam sang mu vng ri n mu xanh l cy ri mu xanh n-c bin. 4. Kim tra, Tic vo hp Invert check. 5. Kch vo th Display v v chn 50% trong Transparent.(lm mu nht i) 6. Kch OK trong hp hi thoi Layer Properties. 7. Kch chut phi vo Elevation tren TOC v chn Save as Layer file. 8. Trn hp hi thoi Save Layer chn -ng dn n thmc City_layer v t tn cho layer l Elevation_Grid. By gi nu m Elevation_Grid, ta s thy n d nguyn cch hin th m ta t cho n.

Ghi li bn 1.Kch chut vo File v chn Save. 2. Chn -ng dn n thmc Project. 3. t tn cho bn l Waster data. 4. Kch Save 4. Dn sch lai cy Catalog Kch chut phi vo nhnh lin kt to ra lc tr-c trn cy Catalog, chn Disconnect folder.

Nh- vy l ta thu thp -c ton b cc d liu phc v cho qu trnh phn tch ca d n. Cng vic tip theo l phi phn tch cc d liu ny chun b -a vo phn tch.

Ch-ng 4: Chun b d liu phn tchSau khi thu thp v t chc d liu, bt u cng tc chun b cc d liu phn tch. Tr-c ht, cn -a cc d liu GIS v cng mt h ta c th hin th v xp chng cc lp -c chnh xc. Ngoi ra, c th s phi cp nht hay bin tp li cc i t-ng hin c da trn


Trung tm o to a chnhnhng thng tin mi nht. Cc i t-ng th-ng -c l-u trong nhng t bn nm lin k nhau, qu trnh phn tch -c thun li th cn phi gp cc tp d liu nm lin k thnh mt khi n. Trong mt s tr-ng hp, cn phi to mi d liu bng ph-ng php s ha hay chuyn i d liu t bng...

1. Chun b d liui vi d n ny chng ta cn phi thc hin mt s nhim v chun b d liu dnh cho phn tch. Chng ta s lm vic vi nhiu loi d liu vi nhiu dng formats nh-: shapefiles, geodatabase feature classes, coverages, v rasters. ArcGIS cho php hin th v kt hp cc dng formats ny m khng cn phi chuyn i. Do , chng ta ch cn khai bo h ta cho lowland shapefile c th hin th n v kt hp -c vi cc d liu khc. Sau , chng ta s chiu river shapefile v cng h ta vi d liu c sn ca City v xut n vo geodatabase WaterProject. Chng ta cng s cp nht parks feature class vi thng tin v cng vin mi. Sau cng, chng ta s nhp hai layers v parcels thnh mt. Sau y l cc b-c chun b d liu: Khai bo h ta cho elevation data. -a river shapefile v cng h ta ca City. Xut river shapefile vo geodatabase WaterProject. S ha historic park vo trong parks feature class. Nhp cc parcel layers thnh mt layer.

2. Khai bo h ta cho elevation datanh v cao (Elevation grid) v file lowland c h ta khc vi cc d liu khc, do ArcMap khng th thc hin cc php chuyn i v d liu khng th hin th hay chng xp cng vi nhng d liu khc ca project. Hin ti, h ta ca elevation grid -c khai bo, cn lowland shapefile -c to t grid th ch-a c thng tin v h ta . Do vy, chng ta cn khai bo h ta cho shapefile.

Kim tra thng tin v coordinate systemTr-c khi khai bo coordinate system cho lowland shapefile, chng ta s kim tra li nhng nh ngha v coordinate system ca d liu City data v ca elevation grid bng cch xem metadata ca cc tp d liu:

1) Vo ArcCatalog, di chuyn n geodatabase WaterProject. 2) M database duyt ni dung, sau nhn vo parks_polygon feature class. 3) Nhn vo th Metadata. 4) Nhn vo th Spatial. Bn s thy coordinate system ca parks_polygon feature class l Transverse_Mercator. Metadata cha thng tin v tng dataset: ngun gc ca d liu, trng thi x l, cht l-ng d liu,


Trung tm o to a chnhcc gi tr thuc tnh... Mt s thng tin -c gn v qun l t ng; mt s thng tin khc l do ng-i s dng b sung trc tip. Tip tc kim tra coordinate system ca elevation grid: 5) Di chuyn n State_share folder, nhn vo elevation. 6) Nhn th Spatial. Bn s thy rng elevation grid nm trong h ta thuc l-i chiu Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area. Kim tra thng tin v coordinate system dnh cho lowland shapefile. 7) Trong State_share folder, nhn vo lowland. 8) Nhn th Spatial. Metadata ch lit k cc ta v ranh gii ca shapefile v khng c thng tin v coordinate system.

Khai bo coordinate system cho lowland shapefileCoordinate system ca lowland shapefile cng ging nh- ca elevation grid bi v shapefile -c to t chnh grid. Chng ta s s dng file state_dot.prj do c quan s hu nh grid cung cp khai bo coordinate system cho shapefile trong ArcCatalog: 1) Nhn chut phi vo lowland v chn Properties. 2) Nhn vo th Fields. Cc tr-ng c trong bng thuc tnh ca shapefile s -c lit k. 3) Trong danh sch Field Name, nhn vo hng cha Shape. 4) Nhn vo nt bn phi ca Spatial Reference. Hp thoi Spatial Reference Properties xut hin. Chng ta s khai bo coordinate system bng cch chn h ta -c nh ngha sn trong state_dot.prj: 5) Nhn Select. 6) Di chuyn n State_share folder, nhn vo state_dot.prj, v nhn Add. Tn ca coordinate system xut hin trong hp thoi Spatial Reference Properties. 7) Nhn OK ng hp thoi Spatial Reference Properties. Tn ca coordinate system xut hin trong danh sch Field Properties. 8) Nhn OK ng hp thoi Shapefile Properties. M li file bn kim tra li, ta thy lowland v ng v tr.

3. Xc nh li l-i chiu cho river shapefileB-c k tip l -a river shapefile v cng h ta vi cc d liu khc ca Citys GreenvalleyDB geodatabase. -c bit rng river shapefile nm trong h ta kinh v. Cc d liu cn li ca Citys database l thuc h ta Transverse Mercator.


Trung tm o to a chnhQu trnh thay i l-i chiu shapefile gm 2 b-c: Tr-c tin, khai bo coordinate system cho shapefile; sau , khai bo output coordinate system v thc hin vic chuyn i php chiu file. Chng ta s thc hin c hai nhim v ny trong ArcToolbox.

Khai bo coordinate system cho river shapefile1) Trong ArcCatalog, nhn nt khi ng ArcToolbox. 2) Nhn p vo Data Management Tools\ Projections and transformation\Define Projection Wizard. 3) Trong mc imput dataset or feature class chn d-ng dn n Country_ Share v chn river.shp 4) Chn Coordinate System. C 3 cch khai bo coordinate system: s dng coordinate system -c khai bo tr-c l-u trong .prj file; hoc ly theo coordinate system ca mt tp d liu c sn bng cch khai bo tn ca dataset; hoc xc nh l-i chiu, h ta v cc thng s khc mt cch t-ng tc. Trong tr-ng hp ny, chng ta s xc nh theo mt h ta nh ngha tr-c: 5) Nhn Select trn hp thoi Spatial Reference Properties. 6) Nhn p v Geographic Coordinate Systems\ North America. 7) Chn North American Datum 1983.prj v nhn Add. 8) Nhn OK ng hp thoi Spatial Reference Properties 9) Nhn OK kt thc.

Chiu shapefileKhi khai bo mt h ta , chng ta ch vic bo cho ArcGIS bit php chiu no s -c s dng cho dataset v n v ta l g. Khi ta thc hin php chiu mt dataset, ArcGIS s to mt dataset mi vi ta chuyn i t nhng n v ta hin c (trong tr-ng hp ny l decimal degrees) sang mt h ta mi (trong tr-ng hp ny l Transverse Mercator meters). Chng ta ch cn khai bo dataset u vo v coordinate system cn chiu n, v ArcGIS s t to dataset mi. V d liu ca chng ta nm sn trong h ta Transverse Mercator nn ch cn chn mt dataset no y ca City dng theo h ta ca dataset : 1) Trong ArcToolbox, nhn p vo Project Wizard. 2) Trong phn Imput Dataset or feture Class chn river.sh 3) Trong phn Imput Dataset or feture Class nhp river02prj 4) M hp hi thoi spartial Reference properties Hp thoi Spatial Reference Properties dng khai bo coordinate system cho lowland shapefile v river shapefile. Trong nhng ln tr-c, ta dng file tham chiu khng gian (.prj) khai bo. Ln ny, chng ta s s dng dataset c sn ly thng tin v ta . Chng ta bit rng parks feature class nm ng h ta ri, do vy ch cn sao chp n trc tip t geodatabase City: 5) Nhn p vo import v chuyn n WaterProject v chn parks_polygon 9) Nhn OK ng hp thoi Spatial Reference Properties 10) Nhn OK ng hp thoi Project


Trung tm o to a chnhXut river shapefile vo geodatabase1) Trong cy Catalog, di chuyn n City_share folder, nhn phi chut vo river02prj, chn Export, v nhn vo mc to Geodatabase. 2) Trong mc Output Location chn -ng dn n project folder\ WaterProject.mdb 3) Nhp river03exp vo hp Output feature class name. 4) Nhn OK.

4 S ha historic parkChng ta cn phi b sung cng vin mi vo parks layer. Chng ta s s ha -ng bao ca cng vin t nh qut. Sau khi m mt bn mi s ha, chng ta s nn nh vo streets layer. Sau , tin hnh s ha -ng bao cng vin v b sung thuc tnh cho cng vin mi.

M mt bn miChng ta s s ha cng vin mi trong ArcMap. Cn phi np 4 datasets vo bn : parks feature class; nh TIFF v ranh gii ca cng vin; streets layer nn nh; v coverage parcel_2 phc v vic bt im gia -ng bao cng vin v cnh tha. 1) Khi ng ArcMap. Chn new empty map v nhn OK. 2) Trong ArcCatalog, m WaterProject geodatabase. 3) Chn v ko parks_polygon vo ArcMap. 4) Thm coverage parcel_2 bng cch m City_share\land folder trong ArcCatalog, chn parcel_2 v ko vo bn . 5) Nhn nt Full Extent nhn thy ton b cc layer. 6) B sung streets layer vo bn . 7) M City_share\image folder, nhn v ko nh historic th vo bn .

Bn s -c thng bo rng layer b mt thng tin tham chiu khng gian. iu ny khng quan trng v chng ta s nn nh sau. Nhn OK ng ca s thng bo. Bn thy rng nh khng -c hin th d rng -c ti vo bn . l v nh ang trong h ta ca nh qut. 8) Nhn Full Extent. Sau khi bn -c v li, bn c th thy cc layers ca City data ch l mt chm nh nm pha trn ca view. Cn nh qut nm pha d-i, nh-ng nh n mc khng th nhn thy -c. 9) Nhn phi chut vo nh historic.tif trong ArcMap v chn Zoom To Layer. By gi chng ta c th thy nh. Tr-c khi nn nh, nn l-u li bn . 10) Chn File v nhn Save. 11) Di chuyn n project folder, t tn bn l waterproject v nhn Save.


Trung tm o to a chnhTm cng vin trn streets layerChng ta s nn nh vo cc gc ph bng cch b sung cc lin kt (links) gia nh v streets layer: Vo Window v nhn vo Overview. Mt ca s nh xut hin gip nn nh d hn. Trn nh nh du mt s -ng ph bao quanh khu vc cng vin l Robin Lane, Peacock Lane, v Sparrow Drive. Chng ta c th tm mt trong nhng -ng ph trn nh v cng vin: Vo thc n Edit v nhn Find. Trong Find text box nhp Peacock. Nhn vo nt bn phi ca In layers v chn streets. Nhn vo nt bn phi ca In fields v chn NAME. Nhn Find. Tn -ng Peacock xut hin trong danh sch cc i t-ng tm kim -c. Nhn phi chut vo Peacock v chn Zoom to feature(s). Bn s -c hin th vng c -ng Peacock Lane. Nhn Cancel ng hp thoi Find. chc chn rng chng ta chn ng v tr cn cho hin tn -ng: Nhn phi chut vo streets v chn Label Features. S dng cng c Zoom In v mt hp bao quanh 4 gc -ng, t-ng ng vi 4 im khng ch trn nh. ng overview window. Chng ta khng cn hin th parcel_2 trong b-c k tip, do ng layer ny li d nhn thy cc -ng ph.

Nn nh1) Vo thc n View\Toolbars\Georeferencing. 2) Thanh cng c Georeferencing xut hin. 3) Chn Layer l historic.tif. 4) Nhn nt bn phi ca Georeferencing v chn Fit To Display. ArcMap s hin th nh va vi khung ca s. to cc lin kt chnh xc, chng ta s s dng magnifier window. 5) Vo thc n Window v chn Magnifier. Mt ca s nh vi phng mc nh l 400% xut hin. 6) Nhn vo nt Add Control Points trn thanh cng c Georeferencing. Con tr chuyn sang dng du thp.


Trung tm o to a chnh7) Ko v -a vng trung tm ca magnifier window n im nh du gc phi trn c nhn l 602, sau nh phm chut. 8) -a trung tm ca con tr n im nh du v nhn tri chut. Mt im khng ch mu xanh -c thm vo nh. Di chuyn con tr ra khi im khng ch, nh-ng khng -c nhn tri chut na. Mt -ng k s vch theo con tr t im khng ch. chnh l lin kt to kt ni vi gc -ng t-ng ng. 9) -a tm con tr n gc ca -ng Robin v -ng Sparrow trn streets layer v nhn tri chut. Tr-c khi thm cc lin kt khc, chng ta xem qua bng link table. 10) Nhn vo nt View Link Table trn thanh cng c Georeferencing. i vi mi lin kt, bng lit k cc ta x v y cho im ngun (nh qut) v ta ca im t-ng ng trn bn (streets layer). Nu lm sai, chng ta cn loi b lin kt v chn li im. 11) Nhn vo Cancel ng Link Table. Chng ta tip tc b sung cc lin kt khc. Sau khi b sung -c 3 lin kt th nh qut dch chuyn v chnh xc v tr trn bn . 12) Nhn nt bn phi ca Georeferencing v chn Update Georeferencing ghi li nh. Lc ny, chng ta khng cn im khng ch na. 13) Nhn nt bn phi ca Georeferencing v chn Delete Control Points. Sau ng thanh cng c Georeferencing li.

Hin th park boundary v parcelsChng ta cn nhn thy nh nm d-i cc tha s ha, do cn t li -ng bin tha: 1) Nhn vo k hiu legend nm d-i parcel_2. 2) Trong th Options ca Symbol Selector chn Fill Color l No Color. 3) Chn Outline Color l mu . 4) Nhn OK. 5) nh du vo hp bn cnh ca parcel_2 v li tha. 6) Nhn chut phi vo streets v nh du xa Label Features tt tn -ng. 7) Tt streets layer. 8) Vo thc n File v chn Save ghi li bn .

Chun b s ha park boundaryTr-c tin, cn thit t cc thng s s ha: 1) S dng cng c Zoom In phng to vng park boundary. n y, chng ta to bookmark nh v tr cn s ha. 2) Vo thc n View\Bookmarks v Nhn Create. t tn bookmark l Park Boundary v nhn OK. 3) Nhn vo nt Editor Toolbar.


Trung tm o to a chnh4) Vo Editor v nhn Start Editing. Hp thoi Start Editing -c bt ln. Chng ta s b sung mt i t-ng cho parks polygon feature class ca WaterProject geodatabase, do cn chn database ny bin tp. 5) Chn project\WaterProject.mdb, ri nhn OK. Thanh cng c Editor cho thy rng target layer (layer m chng ta s bin tp) l parks_polygon v cng vic hin thi l Create New Feature. By gi, s thit t mi tr-ng bt im -ng bao mi s -c ging chnh xc vi cc -ng bao hin c ca tha. 6) Vo Editor ri chn Snapping. 7) nh du vo ct Vertex ca parcel_2 layer. iu ny cho php bt im vo cc vertices ca cnh tha. 8) ng hp thoi Snapping Environment. Gi tr snapping tolerance s xc nh khong cch m con tr c th bt dnh vo i t-ng. Chng ta c th thay i gi tr ca snapping tolerance bng cch chn Options t thc n Editor.

S ha -ng bao cng vin1) Chn cng c Create New Feature. 2) Di chuyn con tr bin tp v pha gc ng-Bc ca Homestead Historic Park. Bt dnh vo -ng bao tha hin c. 3) Nhn tri chut vo gc ng-bc bt u v. 4) Di chuyn con tr v gc ng-nam ca cng vin, ri nhn tri chut vo vetex d-i. 5) Di chuyn con tr v gc ty-nam ca cng vin. y c hai vertices. Nhn tri chut vo vertex nm d-i.

t vertex d-i mt gc v di no yon k tip ca -ng bao cng vin ch bng 1/2 di ca cnh tha. Trong nh qut c ghi ch di tng cnh. Chng ta c th s dng cc ghi ch ny t cc vertices chnh xc. 1) t con tr gn -ng bao ca parcel v gn pha gc ca cng vin. Nhn chut phi v chn Parallel. 2) Nhn chut phi mt ln na v chn Angle/Length. 3) t Leng bng 98. Nhn Enter. 4) Di chuyn con tr gn im gia ca -ng bao tha pha bc. Nhn chut phi v chn Parallel. 5) Nhn chut phi mt ln na v chn Angle/Length. 6) t Leng bng 100.5 v nhn Enter.


Trung tm o to a chnhDng -ng vung gcon k tip s vung gc vi on va v. 1) Di chuyn con tr dc theo -ng thng ng v h-ng bc ca cnh tha, Nhn phi chut v chn Perpendicular. 2) Nhn tri chut v cnh tha.

Thm im ngay ti giao im ca cc -ng1) Nhn nt cnh cng c Create New Feature v chn cng c Intersection. 2) t con tr gn on va v. Mt -ng k tm thi s ging dc theo on va v. Chng ta s ko con tr sao cho -ng k tm thi ct -ng bao tha pha bc, nhn tri chut c nh intersection line. 3) t con tr gn -ng bao pha bc ca tha. Chng ta s to -ng vung gc th ai. Nhn tri chut.

Kt thc s ha1) Nhn tri chut vo gc ng-bc ca tha, ri nhn phi chut v chn Finish Sketch. 2) ng magnifier window nu n cn m.

Bin tp thuc tnh cho i t-ngChng ta kt thc s ha -ng bao cng vin, by gi c th cp nht cc thuc tnh cho i t-ng mi trong database: 1) Nhn vo nt Attributes trn thanh Editor. 2) t Name l Homestead Historic. 3) t Maintenance l City v Nhn Enter. ng hp Attributes li. 4) Nhn chut phi vo parks_polygon v chn Label Features. Cng vin mi s -c gn nhn l tn ca cng vin. 5) Vo Editor, chn Save Edits. 6) Tip theo, chn Stop Editing. Qua v d nh ny bn c th thy rng Editor c rt nhiu cng c xy dng i t-ng. Tr-c khi tip tc bi hc, loi layer khng cn thit na nh- historic.tif. 7) Nhn chut phi vo historic.tif v chn Remove. 8) By gi khng cn hin th park na, do vy b du chn trong hp vung bn cnh park. 9) Vo thc n File v chn Save ghi li cng vic.


Trung tm o to a chnh5. Nhp hai parcel layers li thnh mt layeri khi d liu m chng ta cn li nm nhng tp d liu lin k nhau. Trong tr-ng hp ca chng ta, d liu v tha t m ta s s dng trong phn tch -c l-u trong nhng shapefiles nm k nhau. Cn phi nhp chng li thnh mt layer n d chn tha thch hp. Tr-c tin, cho hin th vng bao ph ca cc tha t: 1) Nhn chut phi vo parcel_2 v chn Zoom To Layer. Tip theo, chng ta s b sung parcel layer khc vo bn . 2) Nhn vo nt Add Data, di chuyn n City_share\land folder, nhn vo parcel_1 v Nhn Add. 3) Khi ng Arc Toolbox 4) Chn Analysic tools\Overlay\U

Huong Dan Su Dung Arcgis 9.0

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