Humanities - Architecture

ARCHITECTURE

Kinds of Architectural Construction

Types of Architecture

Design Methods of Architecture

Kinds of Architectural Design

Post-and-LintelConsists of a horizontal beam and two

vertical posts. Cantilever

Similar to post-and-lintel but the horizontal beam is with one end extended than the other.

Arch – 5 Types of ArchesConsists of several wedge-shaped blocks of

stone called voussiors.

Kinds of Architectural Design

VaultArched structure of masonry.

○ Barrel Vault – series of arches.○ Cross/Groined Vault – intersection of two

barrel vaults○ Cloister Vault – like a dome but the base

formed is square or polygonal

Kinds of Architectural Design

DomeLarge hemispherical roof.Looks like an inverted cup.

Truss Used to support the roof.Braced framework of beams forming one or

more triangle.

Types of Architecture

Domestic ArchitectureProduced for the social unit.A place to sleep, food, eat and work.

(e.g. Houses)

Religious ArchitectureAffected by religion

(e.g. Churches)

Types of Architecture Vernacular Architecture

Built according to characteristic of a period or place.○ Mesopotamian Renaissance○ Greek Baroque○ Roman Chinese/Japanese/

Korean○ Eastern Byzantine○ Romanesque○ Gothic

Types of Architecture Governmental Architecture

Built for the government offices.

(e.g. City Halls)

Recreational ArchitectureBuilt for the purpose of sports, events and

musical performances.

(e.g. Philippine Arena)

Design Methods of Architecture

Design ToolsFor Hand Drawings – rulers, pencil with

various lead types, compasses, protractors and angles

Computer Programs – Google SketchUp, AutoCAD

Design Methods of Architecture

Architectural DrawingGives the idea of the relationship between

the rooms and what the project will look like.

Standard Views in Architectural Drawing○ Floor Plan○ Site Plan - mostly used in Landscape

Architecture ○ Elevation – the different views of the structure○ Cross Section

Design Methods of Architecture

ConstructionThe construction will depend on

Architectural Drawing that shows also measurements to properly build the final product.

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Sample Pictures

Modern HouseExample of Domestic Architecture

Sample Pictures

Catholic ChurchExample of Religious Architecture

Sample Pictures

Cantilever

Sample Pictures

Arch

Sample Pictures

Truss

Sample Pictures

Dome

Sample Pictures

Post-and-Lintel

Sample Pictures

Vault

Sample Pictures

Cross or Groined Vault

Sample Pictures

Barrel Vault

Sample Pictures

Cloister vault

Sample Pictures

Philippine Arena (Front)

Sample Pictures

Philippine Arena (Aerial View)

Sample Pictures

5 Types of Arches

Semi CircularPointed Segmental Bucket Corbelled

Sample Pictures

San Francisco City Hall

Sample PicturesFloor Plan

First Floor Second Floor

Sample Pictures

Site Plan

Sample PicturesElevation

North

South

East West

North Elevation

East Elevation

Sample PicturesElevation

West Elevation

South Elevation

Sample PicturesCross Section

Thank You!