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Safety&DignityforWomen,
AdolescentGirls&YoungPeople
HAITIHUMANITARIANACTIONFACTSHEETMay2018
Haiti’spopulationofnearly11Millionpeoplecontinuetobeaffectedbyaconvergenceofhumanitariancrisesthatwerefurtheraggravatedbythedevastatingcategory4HurricaneMatthew that struck the country on 4 October 2016. Hurricane Matthew severelyexacerbatedthepre-existinghumanitariansituationparticularlyintheGrandAnse,South,andNippesDepartments.Further,whileHaitiwaslargelysparedbythehyperactive2017AtlanticHurricaneseason,thepassageofcategory5hurricanesIrma(7September)andMaria (21 September) causedwidespread flooding with 10,876 flooded households inNorth,NorthEast,NorthWest,Artibonite,WestandCentredepartments.Haitiremainsvulnerable to natural hazards and disasters, such as floods, landslides, droughts,earthquakesandhurricanesandisranked14thgloballyforriskofhumanitariancrisesanddisasters(Informrisk6.3).Thisrankingtakesintoaccountahighriskofbothnaturalandhuman hazards, social-economic and environmental vulnerability and a lack of copingcapacity.Morethan98%ofHaitiansareexposedtotwoormoretypesofdisastersandwithmorethanhalfofHaitian’sconsideredtobelivinginextremepoverty.Thepriorityforhumanitarianactorsin2018istocontinuetoaddressacuteandchronichumanitarianneeds and to strengthen the humanitarian-development nexus and support localemergencypreparednessandresponsecapacity(HumanitarianresponsePlan2017-2018).
The2018Haitihumanitarianresponseplanestimates2.8millionpeoplewillbeinneedofhumanitarianassistancein2018,withUS$252.2millionrequiredtotarget2.2millionpeopleincludingi)providingimmediateassistanceto1.3millionpeoplelivinginseverefoodinsecurity,ii)reducemortalityandmorbidityfromepidemic,particularlycholeraand other water-borne diseases iii) Reinforce protection for returnees from Dominican Republic and people stilldisplacedandiv)respondtounmetneedsfor1millionpeoplestillinneedfromrecenthurricanes(Matthew,IrmaandMaria)andsupportthereinforcementofnationaldisasterpreparednessandresponsefor2018..
The new UNFPA strategic plan 2018-2021 brings UNFPAs agenda in line with the 2030 Agenda for SustainableDevelopmentandaimstoachieveuniversalaccesstosexualandreproductivehealth,realizedreproductiverightsandreducedmaternalmortality,toaccelerateprogressontheagendaoftheInternationalConferenceonPopulationandDevelopmentandtoimprovethelivesofwomen,adolescentsandyouth.ItrequiresthatHumanitarianinterventionstrategies shift from reacting to disasters and conflicts to applying a resilience approach by linking prevention,preparednessandresponsewithnationalcapacity-buildingandaligningwiththeSendaiFrameworkforDisasterRiskReduction2015-2030and theoutcomesof the2016WorldHumanitarianSummit, including theGrandBargain toimprovehumanitarianfinancingandpreparingfor,managinganddeliveringhumanitarianresponsethroughouttheHumanitarianProgrammeCycle.
Inensuringthatsystems,communitiesandsocietiesarebetterequippedtorespondtoandrecoverfromemergencieswemust also ensure that theUNFPACOhas the capacity and expertise to provide technical support to nationalpartnersthroughtheimplementationofminimumpreparednessactionsinlinewiththeIASCEmergencyResponsePreparedness(ERP)ApproachthatincludeRiskAnalysisandRiskMonitoringandContingencyPlanningforRisks.
UNFPAhastwoprojectsvalidatedintheOCHAonlineprojectsystemunderthe2018HaitiResponsePlan;Sexualandreproductive health (SRH) under health sector and a gender based violence (GBV) under the Protectionhttps://ops.unocha.org.
minimuminitialservicespackage(HTI‑18/H/124193)UNFPA’s 2015 survey of health facilities found that nearly two thirds ofprimary healthcare service delivery points lacked the seven essentiallifesavingmaternalhealthdrugs.Withonly36percentofHaitianwomengivingbirth inahealthfacilitythere isahighnationalmaternalmortalityrateof359deathsper100,000livebirths.Duringtheacutephaseofanemergencymaternalmortalityrisksbecomingmuchhigher.Humanitarianactorsmustthereforeaimtonotonlyprovidelifesavingreproductivehealthemergencyinterventionsin currently affected areas but to also continue to strengthen emergency preparedness and response capacity forcomprehensivesexualandreproductivehealththroughtheimplementationoftheMinimumInitialServicePackage(MISP)forreproductivehealth.
In2018,UNFPArequestsUS$1,422,050towardsstrengtheningemergencypreparednessandresponsecapacitytoeffectivelyaddressSRHinhumanitariansettingsinlinewithMISPinpreparationforthenextemergencyisvitaltoreducingmaternalandneonataldeaths.Thisincludes;reinforcingcapacityforSRHcoordinationatthenationallevel,identifiyngtheneedsandgaps through aMISP process evaluation, reinforing capacity for comprehensive SRH services such as reinforcing existing
SONU, strengthening SRH referralsystems and capacity for the clinicalmanagement of rape, ensuring theavailability of the seven essentiallifesaving maternal health drugs andincreasing serivce demand throughcommunitybasedSRHcommunicationandsocialmobilisationplans.
UNFPAhas receivedUS$497,717 fromCERF underfunded emrergencies toimprove access to quality life savingcomprehensive sexual andreproductivehealthservicesfor10,000Haitian women of reproductive age(15-49 years) affected by HurricaneMatthew and/or displaced in GrandAnse,SouthandWestDepartments.
2. US$997K to prevent and address gender-based violenc in emergencies and ensuring life-saving services topreventandrespondtogender-basedviolence(HTI‑18/P‑HR‑RL/125003).
TheUNsecretaryGeneralhaspledgedtoleavenoonebehindaspartofthe2030Agenda for SustainableDevelopment, this includseeradicating sexualand gender based violence (GBV). Violence can negatively affect women’sphysical, mental, sexual and reproductive health, and may increasevulnerabilitytoHIV.The2015IASCGBVguidelinesdefinesGBVasanumbrellaterm for any harmful act that is perpetrated against a person’s will and that is based on socially ascribed (i.e. gender)differencesbetweenmalesandfemales.Itincludesactsthatinflictphysical,sexualormentalharmorsuffering,threatsofsuchacts,coercion,andotherdeprivationsofliberty.TheseactscanoccurinpublicorinprivateandincludeSexualExploitationandAbuse(SEA).GBVispervasiveandoftenexacerbatedinhumanitarianemergenciesandisconsideredalifethreatening,globalhealthandhumanrightsissue.Integratedstrategiesthatpromotegenderequalityandincludeessentialactionsforreducingrisk,promotingresilienceandaidingrecoveryforwomen,girlsandotheratriskgroupsinordertominimizetheirvulnerabilitytoGBVthroughoutthehumanitarianprogrammecycleareessential.ThisincludespreventionbasedprogrammingtostopGBVfromfirstoccurring,mitigationactivitiestoreducetheriskofexposuretoGBVforvulnerablepopulationsandresponsetoGBVtoensuresurvivorcareandassistance.
Existing patterns of GBV are important when designing specializedpreventionandresponseservicesthroughouteachphaseofanemergency,frompreparednessandcrisisonsetthroughtransitiontodevelopment.InHaiti,theEMMUSVfoundthatonethird(33percent)ofwomen1549yearssurveyedhadexperiencedsomeformofviolenceintheir lifetime;28percent had experienced physical violence from the age of 15 (20 per centphysical only, 8 per cent physical and sexual, 5 per cent sexual violenceonly),6percentexperiencedviolencewhentheywerepregnantand10.4percentreportedexperiencingphysicalviolenceintheprevious12months.Sexual violence is also high with 13 per cent of the women reportingexperiencingitatsometimeintheirlife(16percentforwomanaged25-29years).Intimatepartnerviolencewasreportedby30percentofwomen(15percentphysical,11percentsexualand/or22percentemotional)with22percentreportedintimatepartnerviolenceintheprevious12months;17percentemotionalviolence,10physicalviolenceand9percentsexualviolence(15percentphysicaland/orsexualviolence).
In 2018, UNFPA is requesting US$997,240 to Strengthen nationalcoordination, monitoring and reporting mechanisms to effectivelyprevent,mitigateandrespondtogender‑basedviolenceinemergenciesthroughoutthehumanitarianprogrammecycle inHaitiandensurethatspecialized GBV prevention, mitigation and response services areavailablefor30,000Haitianwomenofreproductiveage(15‑49years)thatareinternallydisplacedorreturnedfromDominicanRepublic