HUMAN TRAFFICKING
Dec 14, 2015
Lesson Outcomes
By the end of this lesson, the learners must understand:
• What is Child Trafficking• Who and why people are trafficked• Where children are trafficked • How serious this issue is in our communities• Who are the victims and perpetrators of child
trafficking• How individuals and communities can raise
awareness about child trafficking
Lesson Outcomes
QUESTIONS TO BE ANSWERED1) Define child trafficking. 2) Why is there human/child trafficking?3) Who are the victims? Profile and signs of a victim.4) Who are the perpetrators?5) How do they maintain a hold over their victims?6) What risks are victims subject to, and what damage do
they suffer?7) Where are the hot spots in SA?8) How can schools help prevent human/child trafficking?
What is Human Trafficking?
Human trafficking is defined as
a) sex trafficking in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud or coercion, or in which the person included to perform such an act has not attained 18 years of age.
b) the recruitment, harbouring, transportation,provision, or obtaining of a personfor labour or services, through the use offorce, fraud, or coercion for the purposeof subjection to involuntary service, or slavery.
- Trafficking In Persons Report, 2008
Child Trafficking is. . .
A Closer Look
2 children are sold into trafficking every minute.
Some Statics on Human Trafficking1.2 million…
children and babies are trafficked annually worldwide. Human Trafficking is
the 3rd largest international crime
Human Trafficking is seen as modern-day slavery People are trafficked
for the use of :-drug couriers-organs (body parts)-money-marriage
A Closer look
Both men and women are trafficked especially children
The Victims
Primary Vs. Secondary
Primary: Individuals suffering through direct involvement.
Secondary: Friends, families, schools, churches, communities.
Refugees and displaced persons due to war, natural disasters, etc.
The uneducated and naive
Those living in poverty
All persons, but most prominently:
women and children
TouristsThe
socially excluded
Runaways
Those who are promised a better life
Widowed, divorced or unmarried women
Addicts
Victims of abuse
The Perpetrators
Organized gangs and crime groups Established trafficking
network agents
Drug peddlers
Weapon smugglers
Local recruiters
Transporters & Taxi drivers
Corrupt officials Employment
agents
Brothel/Bar madams or
owners
Pedophiles
Service or Entertainment promotersFamily
members
The Perpetrators
DEBTS•Victims are often subjected to debt-bondage
•Paying off transportation fees into the destination countries. •It is a… never ending cycle
*The only way out is to escape/ run away.
Risks and LossesWhat risks are victims subject to, and what damage do they suffer?
Risks For All Victims of Trafficking:
• Low, withheld or no wages• Hazardous work environments• Malnutrition• Lack of medical attention• All forms of abuse and increased susceptibility to abuse• Trauma (leading to the development of mental illness)• Economic integration difficulty• Ruined self image, concept of self-worth and dignity
Risks For Victims Of Sex Trafficking:
• Unwanted pregnancy• Unsafe abortions
* Higher maternal mortalityrisk
• Infertility• Cervical cancer
• HIV/AIDS/other STD’s• Severe physical injury
Identifying Trafficked Persons
• Living with employer • Poor living
conditions
• Withheld documents
• Signs of abuse
• Forbids private conversation
• Living at work • Never alone
• Submissive, fearful
• Unpaid or underpaid
• Language or culture barriers
• Matches profile of an addict
• Displays uncomfortable or passive typical work mood
Signs of a victim
Needs and Rights of Survivors
Needs of Survivor:
Rights of Survivor:
• Safety
• Privacy
• Interpretation• Legal Representation
• Medical Attention• Civil Compensation• Repatriation• Case Management
• Immediate Assistance • Income Assistance• Mental Health Assistance• Legal status
• Immigration Relief
Why does it exist and persist?
• Interwoven in other forms of organized crime, and is therefore difficult to eliminate.
• Corruption in government, law
enforcement.
• Difficulty in tracking trafficked
persons and traffickers themselves.
• Lax and ineffective government regulations, or lack of regulations altogether.
• Supply/Demand • Prone environments due to war, poverty,
famine, political instability etc.
• Values
• High profit, low risk.
Where are Children trafficked?• Depending on the reason for trafficking, some
countries might be only sending, while others might be both sending and transit :
• ‘Sending’ or ‘origin’ - from where children are sent;
• ‘Transit’ - where the children might be moved through and temporarily kept on the way to their final destination; and' Receiving’ or ‘destination’ - where the children finally end up.
• Some countries can be all three. South Africa is an origin, sending and transit country and South African children are also trafficked within the country
How can you raise awareness
• South Africa must develop and implement a national plan of action to combat human trafficking that sets a standardised procedure for trafficking cases (also needs to focus on domestic/internal trafficking), especially to improve victim identification. In addition, the Government must raise awareness among all levels of relevant government officials as to their responsibility to ensure the protection of victims.
• By running anti-child trafficking campaigns in our communities and having talks to education people about child trafficking
• Signing petitions in decreasing child trafficking and calling for stricter legislative