Human Population Growth Problems • The world population explosion including the United States. What about Pennsylvania? • Different population growth rates in developed and developing nations. • Consequences of exploding populations. • Dynamics of population growth.
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Human Population Growth Problems The world population explosion including the United States. What about Pennsylvania?world population Different population.
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Human Population Growth Problems
• The world population explosion including the United States. What about Pennsylvania?
• Different population growth rates in developed and developing nations.
Why the explosion of over the past 100 yrs, or more?
• Improved sanitation, medicine, and nutrition.• Reduced mortality, especially infants and children.• Increased longevity – we grow older.• High total fertility rate remained high initially.• Increased technology facilitates migration and
better coping with environmental adversity.• No longer in dynamic equilibrium, i.e. biotic
potential has overcome aspects of environmental resistance (e.g. less disease).
“Black Death”:Yersinia pestis
World Population Growth (1.34%) and Absolute Growth
Population Growth Rate = percent increase from one year to the next.
Absolute Growth = increase in the number of people from one year to the next.
Although growth rate is declining, population continues to increase.
What about the United States; or more specifically Pennsylvania?
US growth rate 1.28%
PA growth rate 0.32%
Nations with Different Incomes:
Rich
• High-Income (Rich): industrialized and highly developed; 20% pop. but 80% wealth; USA, Canada, Japan, Europe, Australia; average per capita of $25,510.
• Middle-Income: moderately developed; Latin America, northern and western Africa, eastern Asia, and former USSR countries; average per capita of $2,950.
• Low-Income (Poor): under-developed countries; eastern and central Africa, central Asia, and India; average per capita of $520.
• Middle and low income countries represent 80% pop. but only 20% wealth.
Developing Vs. Developed Countries
Consequences of Growth?
• Smaller farms that are overexploited; leads to erosion, desertification, decreased food production.
• Clearing forest for new agricultural lands; land not ideal for sustainable agriculture; loss of habitat, biodiversity and ecosystem functions.
• Rural resident emigration to cities; hope for employment and social services; often results in poor unsanitary living condition, i.e. slums.
Growing Cities
UN project 2 billion living in slums by 2030.
Consequences of Growth?
• Increase in illicit activities; drug farming, urban crime; poaching of exotic animal and plant life (role of the affluent consumer). Tyranny!
• Emigration to developed countries where consumption per capita is higher – no solution, it make matters worst globally.
Environmental Impact
=Population size x Consumption
Stewardship
Consequences of Exploding Populations in Developing World