Human Environments

HUMAN ENVIRONMENTS

REVISION

REVISION STRUCTURE

• OVER THE NEXT TWO WEEKS WE WILL BE REVISING THE HUMAN ENVIRONMENTS UNIT.

• THIS WILL BE DONE BY MATCHING OUR KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING TO NATIONAL 5 EXAM STYLE QUESTIONS.

• THIS TECHNIQUE WILL BUILD YOUR CONFIDENCE IN ANSWERING EXAM QUESTIONS WHEN THE TIME COMES AND WILL PREPARE YOU FOR THE UPCOMING END OF UNIT TEST.

HUMAN ENVIRONMENT TOPICS

• MEASURING DEVELOPMENT

• WORLD POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

• POPULATION DISTRIBUTION IN A DEVELOPED / DEVELOPING COUNTRY

• POPULATION GROWTH

• POPULATION STRUCTURE OF A DEVELOPED / DEVELOPING COUNTRY

• URBAN GEOGRAPHY: CASE STUDY OF GLASGOW (DEVELOPED) AND MUMBAI (DEVELOPING)

• RURAL GEOGRAPHY: CASE STUDY OF THE GREAT PLAINS (DEVELOPED) AND KERALA (DEVELOPING)

EXAM STYLE QUESTION 1

Social indicators Economic indicators

Life expectancy at birth Gross national product (GDP)

Population per doctor Energy used per person

Percentage adult literacy Percentage population employed in agriculture

CHOOSE ONE SOCIAL AND ONE ECONOMIC INDICATOR.

EXPLAIN HOW YOUR CHOSEN INDICATORS CAN SHOW THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF A COUNTRY. (4)

ANSWER 1

• IF PEOPLE PER DOCTOR CHOSEN,

• COUNTRIES WITH A LOW POPULATION PER DOCTOR ARE USUALLY DEVELOPED WHICH MEANS THEY HAVE A BETTER HEALTH CARE SYSTEM (1) WHICH MEANS MORE DOCTORS TREATING FEWER PATIENTS. (1) MORE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES HAVE MORE MONEY SO CAN INVEST IN A HEALTH CARE SYSTEM. (1)

ANSWER 1 CONTINUED

• IF PERCENTAGE POPULATION EMPLOYED IN AGRICULTURE CHOSEN

• COUNTRIES WITH A HIGH PERCENTAGE EMPLOYED IN AGRICULTURE ARE USUALLY LESS DEVELOPED WHICH MEANS THAT THE COUNTRY HAS LITTLE MONEY TO INVEST IN INDUSTRY (1) SO FEW PEOPLE EMPLOYED IN INDUSTRY. (1) PEOPLE EARN LESS WAGES AS AGRICULTURAL JOBS ARE POORLY PAID (1) SO THERE IS A LOW STANDARD OF LIVING. (1)

EXAM STYLE QUESTION 2

• EXPLAIN WHY THE POPULATION OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IS GROWING MUCH MORE RAPIDLY THAN THAT OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES.

(5)

ANSWER 2

• DEVELOPING COUNTRIES HAVE HIGHER BIRTH RATES AS CHILDREN ARE NEEDED TO BRING IN MONEY FOR THEIR FAMILIES. (1) THERE IS A LACK OF GOVERNMENT CARE FOR THE ELDERLY SO CHILDREN ARE NEEDED TO LOOK AFTER FAMILY IN OLD AGE. (1) MANY CHILDREN STILL DIE SO PEOPLE HAVE MANY CHILDREN TO ENSURE SOME SURVIVE. (1) DEATH RATES ARE FALLING SO POPULATION INCREASES RAPIDLY (1) THERE IS A LACK OF EDUCATION ON FAMILY PLANNING. (1)

ANSWER 2 CONTINUED

• IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES THERE IS A MUCH LOWER BIRTH RATE AND DEATH RATE SO THE POPULATION GROWS MUCH MORE SLOWLY. (1) THERE IS MONEY TO INVEST IN MEDICAL CARE REDUCING THE DEATH RATE AND ENSURING CHILDREN SURVIVE AT BIRTH. (1) CHILDREN ARE EXPENSIVE, SO THE MORE CHILDREN IN A FAMILY THE GREATER THE FINANCIAL BURDEN. (1) WOMAN WANT CAREERS SO PUT OFF HAVING CHILDREN (1) OR LIMIT THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN THEY HAVE. (1) LATER MARRIAGES ARE MORE COMMON WHICH RESULTS IN FEWER CHILDREN (1) AND FAMILY PLANNING/ CONTRACEPTION IS WIDELY AVAILABLE. (1)

EXAM STYLE QUESTION 3

• EXPLAIN THE CHANGES IN THE BIRTH AND DEATH RATES FOR STAGES 3 AND 4 OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL.

(6)

ANSWER 3

• IN STAGE 3 THE DEATH RATE CONTINUES TO FALL DUE TO CONTINUED IMPROVEMENTS IN MEDICINE (1) AND INCREASED STANDARDS OF LIVING. (1) THE BIRTH RATE FALLS RAPIDLY WITH GROWTH OF FAMILY PLANNING (1) AND SMALLER FAMILIES ARE NEEDED AS LESS BABIES DIE. (1)

ANSWER 3 CONTINUED

• IN STAGE 4 THE BIRTH RATE CONTINUES TO FALL AS PEOPLE WANT SMALLER AND CHEAPER FAMILIES. (1) WOMAN ALSO WANT TO FOLLOW CAREERS (1) AND DUE TO THE WIDER AVAILABILITY OF FAMILY PLANNING, CONTRACEPTION AND ABORTIONS. (1)

• THERE IS A DECREASING DEATH RATE DUE TO IMPROVEMENTS IN HEALTH CARE, SANITATION, HOUSING AND FOOD SUPPLY. (2) ALSO PENSIONS AND IMPROVED CARE FOR THE ELDERLY. (1)

EXAM STYLE QUESTION 4

•EXPLAIN TWO FEATURES OF THE CBD. (6)