Human development

PROVERBS 16:8

"Better is a little with righteousness, than

great revenues without

righteousness."

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY LEVEL OF

ASIA

Prepared by:

Miss BLESS Bernardo

July 2012

VOCABULARYHuman Development

IndexBasis in measuring

human development

Gender –Related Development Index

Index in measuring the inequality of males and

females

Human Poverty Index Measures the level of poverty

Of countries

Gender Empowerment Measure

Measures the average achievements of the

female sector

Poverty Line Uses income as basis of measurement

Gross Domestic Product(GDP)

country's income minus foreign investments

Gross National Product(GNP)

Country’s income including foreign investments

Purchasing Power Parity(PPP)

Equivalent buying power in

different currentcies.

Life Expectancy average expected length of life: the number of years that somebody can be expected to

live, according to statistics

Literacy Rate commonly considered the ability to read and write at a

designated level of proficiency.

VOCABULARY

What does Human Development Index mean? What are the factors in

evaluating the level of Human Development?

What are the three measures used by the UN in

determining good human development? Explain each

one?

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX

Is used to assess the overall well-being of people

in a particular country. Several factors are taken into consideration in evaluating the level of human development:

poverty rate, literacy, education, life expectancy,

health and decent standard of living.

THREE MEASURES USED BY UN IN DETERMINING GOOD HUMAN

DEVELOPMENT:

A long Life and Healthy Life (base on life expectancy at birth)

Knowledge based on the adult literacy rate

Decent standard of living based on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and translated to Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in US Dollars (US$).

What Asian countries belong to

the following categories?

very high HDI High HDI

Medium HDI Low HDI

VERY HIGH HDI Japan, Singapore, Hong Kong, South

Korea, Israel, Brunei, Kuwait, Cyprus, Qatar, U.A.E

HIGH HDI

Bahrain, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Lebanon

MEDIUM HDIArmenia, Azerbaijan, Thailand, Iran, Georgia,

China, Maldives, Jordan, Sri Lanka LOW HDI

Timor-Leste and Afghanistan

What is the usual basis used in defining poverty?

What is the measure of the level of poverty of the people in a country according to the World Bank?

Why is it important to know birth rate, death rate and life expectancy?

POVERTY

POVERTY state of being poor: the state of not having enough

money to take care of basic needs such as food,

clothing, and housing is the state of one who lacks

a certain relative amount of material possessions or

money

Poverty is a denial of choices and

opportunities, a violation of human

dignity. It means lack of basic capacity to

participate effectively in society.

UNITED NATIONS

It means insecurity, powerlessness and

exclusion of individuals, households and communities.

It means susceptibility to violence, and it often

implies living in marginal or fragile environments, without access to clean

water or sanitation.

UNITED NATIONS

POVERTY It is based on the per capita expenditure necessary to attain 2,000 to 2,500 calories per day.(per capita- for each person)

According to the World Bank, the level of poverty may be measured in terms of the International Poverty Line. “ a person who lives on US $1

or 2 a day is considered POOR”.

HUMAN POVERTY INDEX Probability at birth of not

surviving to age 40 Adult illiteracy rate (% of

age 15 and above who cannot read or write)

Percentage of population without access to water

resources

Children who are underweight for their age (% under age 5)

Percentage of population who live

below the poverty line of US $1 and US $ 2 a

day.

People are said to be poor if their incomes fall below a

certain level called a threshold, also known as the

poverty line.

In this definition, the poor do not have enough income to

purchase or have easy access to basic goods and services,

such as food, clothing, housing, transportation, and

education.

“If my people, which are called by my name, shall humble themselves, and pray, and seek my face,

and turn from their wicked ways; then will I hear from heaven, and

will forgive their sin, and will heal their land”.

2 Chronicles 7:14(KJV)

Japan topped the list of Asian countries with high

level of Human Development in the HDR 2009.

The Gender-Related Development Index (GDI)

was included in order to ascertain the average

achievement in the women sector in the three

measurable dimensions of human development.

SYNTHESIS

Japan topped the list of Asian countries with high GDI while

Pakistan has the lowest GDI in the HDR 2009.

The Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) is a composite

index measuring gender inequality in three dimensions of

empowerment: (1). Economic participation and

decision-making, (2). Political participation and decision-

making, (3). Power over economic resources.

Singapore ranked first among Asian countries with high GEM

while Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Turkey, Bangladesh and Saudi

Arabia have the lowest GEM in the HDR 2009.

The HPI measures the deprivations of countries in the three measurable dimensions of

human development: Life expectancy, adult illiteracy, and

descent standard of living. The countries of South Asia suffer

from extreme poverty.

HUMAN RESOURCES

HUMAN RESOURCES OF ASIA

employee recruitment and management:

the field of business concerned with recruiting and

managing employees.

What do you think is the relationship between the

human resource of a country and

its socio-economic

conditions?

RAPID POPULATION GROWTH

the increasing number of population greatly affects the

earth’s natural resources. An estimated 220, 980 people

is being added to the world population per day. Our planet has to feed an additional 134

million+ people each year! Rapid population growth is one of

the biggest challenges being faced by many Asian countries.

Asia is home to three of the world’s five most

populous nations, (CHINA, INDIA, and

INDONESIA) Philippines has 7th largest

population with 86 million people.

It is vital for one nation to know how fast or slow its

population is growing each year – the “population

growth rate”.

What are the implications of

having high population growth

rates? What are its effects

on the earth’s natural resources?

POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION

A country is considered young when a large part of its population

is 15 years old and below. A country is considered old is a large part of its population is 60

years old and above. An estimated one billion people

in the world whose ages range from 15 to 24.

If a society has more young people, there would be

greater need for education and health services.

A significant portion would be relying on old people.

An old population might mean considerable need for

medical services and recreational facilities.

HEALTH INDICATORS For many Asian countries, health indicators are vital in evaluating the

general condition of the society. Birth rates, death rates, and life

expectancy are important health indicators.

A high birth rate means greater impetuous for population

growth. A high death rate might

suggest inadequacy in medical services.

Why is it important to know birth rate, death rate and life

expectancy?

In your opinion, why do countries in East Asia enjoys a higher

life expectancy?

EDUCATION AND LITERACY RATE

Education is essential to the development of a person and to the country he or

she belongs. A nation’s progress can be

equated to the quality of education it offers.

As such, Asian countries give prime importance to their

citizens’ education.

LITERACY RATE Developed countries have high literacy rates primarily because they are able to allot a higher budget to education. (JAPAN and SOUTH KOREA)

Underdeveloped countries have low literacy rates. (SOUTH ASIA- Nepal, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan ; and EAST TIMOR)

Philippines has a relatively high literacy rate. Despite the economic difficulties faced by the country, the government is doing its best to provide quality education.

What is the relationship between the literacy rate of a country and its level

of economic development?

Why is education important for an

individual?

MIGRATION AND URBANIZATION

Migration- movement of people within and outside a country’s territory.

Urbanization- movement of people from the provinces or rural areas to the cities.

Why is migration an important factor of

progress?

In what ways can the exodus of people from the provinces to the cities be a problem?

Migration can result to improvement of economic status both to the people

that migrated and the host. (Indians and Chinese)

It offers immediate solution to alleviating

unemployment problems and coping with economic difficulties. (Filipinos going

abroad)

Urbanization result in scarcity in housing,

environmental degradation, rampant spread of diseases and

lack of basic social services.

In addition, vast rural lands are abandoned and

left uncultivated.

VALUING

Why should every citizen take care of his

or her health? How can you and your family benefit when you finish your schooling?

Let’s do these TOGETHER!

The END!