Leonardo's Laptop: Leonardo's Laptop: Human Needs and the New Human Needs and the New Computing Computing Ben Shneiderman Ben Shneiderman Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory Laboratory Professor, Department of Computer Science Professor, Department of Computer Science Member, Institutes for Advanced Computer Studies & Member, Institutes for Advanced Computer Studies & Systems Research Systems Research University of Maryland University of Maryland [email protected][email protected]
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Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory Interdisciplinary research community
Leonardo's Laptop: Human Needs and the New Computing Ben Shneiderman Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory Professor, Department of Computer Science Member, Institutes for Advanced Computer Studies & Systems Research University of Maryland [email protected]. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Leonardo's Laptop: Leonardo's Laptop: Human Needs and the New ComputingHuman Needs and the New Computing
Ben ShneidermanBen ShneidermanFounding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory
Professor, Department of Computer ScienceProfessor, Department of Computer ScienceMember, Institutes for Advanced Computer Studies &Member, Institutes for Advanced Computer Studies &
Interdisciplinary research community - Computer Science & Psychology - Information Studies & Education (www.cs.umd.edu/hcil)
Scientific ApproachScientific Approach (beyond user friendly)(beyond user friendly)
Specify users and tasksSpecify users and tasks Predict and measurePredict and measure
time to learntime to learn speed of performancespeed of performance rate of human errorsrate of human errors human retention over timehuman retention over time
Assess subjective satisfactionAssess subjective satisfaction (Questionnaire for User Interface Satisfaction)(Questionnaire for User Interface Satisfaction)
Accommodate individual differencesAccommodate individual differences Consider social, organizational & cultural contextConsider social, organizational & cultural context
Language & Culture Western, Eastern, developing...Personality Introvert vs extravert Thinking vs feeling Risk aversion Locus of control Planful vs playful
User diversity: Accommodate different users
Skills Computer newbie to hacker Knowledge Domain novice to expert
Age Young to oldGender Male or FemaleIncome Impoverished to wealthy
3) Creativity Support Tools3) Creativity Support Tools
More people, more creative, more of the timeMore people, more creative, more of the time Revolutionary breakthroughs, paradigm shifts, H-Revolutionary breakthroughs, paradigm shifts, H-
creativitycreativity
Evolutionary, normal science, music & art, Evolutionary, normal science, music & art, creative knowledge workcreative knowledge work
Eight Activities Eight Activities 1) Searching & browsing digital libraries 2) Consulting with peers & mentors 3) Visualizing data & processes 4) Thinking by free associations 5) Exploring solutions - What if tools 6) Composing artifacts & performances 7) Reviewing & replaying session histories 8) Disseminating results
Eight Activities Eight Activities 1) Searching & browsing digital libraries 2) Consulting with peers & mentors 3) Visualizing data & processes 4) Thinking by free associations 5) Exploring solutions - What if tools 6) Composing artifacts & performances 7) Reviewing & replaying session histories 8) Disseminating results
Skeptics corner - Tools can limit imagination - Not everyone wants to be creative - Creativity can be malicious
3) Visualizing data & processes3) Visualizing data & processes
The eye…the window of the soul,is the principal means by which the central sensecan most completely andabundantly appreciate the infinite works of nature.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452 - 1519)
Information Visualization: Using Vision to Think Information Visualization: Using Vision to Think
Visual bandwidth is enormous Human perceptual skills are remarkable
Network Netmap, netViz, SeeNet, Butterfly, Multi-trees(Online Library of Information Visualization Environments) otal.umd.edu/Olive
Customer HistoriesCustomer Histories
LifeLines
Treemap - view large trees Treemap - view large trees Space fillingSpace filling Space limitedSpace limited Color codingColor coding Size codingSize coding Requires learningRequires learning
Treemap - Stock market, clustered by industryTreemap - Stock market, clustered by industry
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Three lessons:
1) Human needs drive innovation
2) Universal usability
3) Creativity support tools
ACM Conference on Universal Usability
Washington, DC November 16-17, 2000 www.acm.org/sigchi/cuu
Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory
www.cs.umd.edu/hcil
For More InformationFor More Information
Visit the HCIL website for 200 papers & info on videosVisit the HCIL website for 200 papers & info on videos (www.cs.umd.edu/hcil)(www.cs.umd.edu/hcil)
See Chapter 15 on Info VisualizationSee Chapter 15 on Info Visualization Shneiderman, B., Shneiderman, B., Designing the User Interface:Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction: Third Edition Third Edition (1998) (1998) (www.aw.com/DTUI)(www.aw.com/DTUI)
January 1999 book of readings:January 1999 book of readings: Card, S., Mackinlay, J., and Shneiderman, B. Card, S., Mackinlay, J., and Shneiderman, B. Information Visualization: Using Vision to ThinkInformation Visualization: Using Vision to Think