Prosiding Pertemuan Ilmiah Nasional Penelitian & Pengabdian Masyarakat (PINLITAMAS 1) Dies Natalis ke-16 STIKES Jenderal Achmad Yani Cimahi PINLITAMAS 1 | Vol 1, No.1 | Oktober 2018 | ISSN 2654-5411 HUBUNGAN STATUS NUTRISI MATERNAL DAN ANAK DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING Murtiningsih, Sri Mulyati Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Jenderal Achmad Yani Cimahi E-mail: [email protected]ABSTRAK Faktor utama penyebab stunting adalah masalah gizi, baik pada saat kehamilan dan sesudah lahir sampai usia 2 tahun. Di Indonesia diperkirakan 7,8 juta anak balita mengalami stunting. Di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya angka stunting 41,7% yang tertinggi di Kecamatan Salopa, yaitu dari 2980 balita; 943 diantaranya mengalami stunting. Stunting menyebabkan berkurangnya perkembangan kognitif, menurunkan kecerdasan, menghambat prestasi anak dan penurunan produktivitas ekonomi dan kreatifitas di usia dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan status nutrisi maternal dan status nutrisi anak dengan kejadian stunting. Metode penelitian korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian anak usia 12-24 bulan dan ibunya, diambil dengan Simple Random Sampling. Jumlah sampel 71 orang. Analisis statistik univariat dan bivariate. Hasil penelitian didapatkan BMI pra-konsepsi normal 81,7%, kenaikan BB maternal kurang 76,1%, pemberian ASI ekslusif 60,6%, asupan nutrisi anak baik 66,2%, stunting pendek 63,4%. Hasil uji Chi-Square didapatkan BMI pra-konsepsi dan kenaikan BB maternal tidak berhubungan dengan stunting dengan p-value masing-masing 0.358 dan 0.380 (>α=0.05), sedangkan pemberian ASI ekslusif dan asupan nutrisi anak secara signifikan berhubungan dengan stunting dengan p-value 0.000 (<α=0.05). Disarankan agar petugas gizi Puskesmas memberikan penyuluhan secara rutin kepada masyarakat mengenai pentingnya asupan nutrisi dengan menu seimbang selama kehamilan, periode menyusui, pemberian MP-ASI dan asupan nutrisi untuk anak usia 12 – 24 bulan, memotivasi kader Posyandu agar memantau ibu untuk memberikan ASI ekslusif selama 6 bulan dan memberikan makanan pendamping ASI setelahnya, dan melakukan pendekatan multisektoral dengan fokus gerakan perbaikan gizi pada 1000 hari pertama kehidupan. Kata kunci : balita, BMI, maternal, status nutrisi, stunting ABSTRACT The main factor causing stunting was nutritional problems, both during pregnancy and after birth to age of-2 years when given breastmilk and complementary food for breastmilk. In Indonesia an estimated 7.8 million children under five years old experienced stunting. In Tasikmalaya the incidence of stunting was 41.7% which in Salopa had the highest stunting, of the 2980 children under five years old; 943 of them experienced stunting. Stunting caused reducing cognitive development, It caused decreasing intelligence, It inhibits children's performance in school, and It decreased economic productivity and creativity in adulthood. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal nutritional status and children's nutritional status with the incidence of stunting. The research method was carried out by correlative method with cross sectional approach. The research sample of children aged 12-24 months with their mothers was taken using the Simple Random Sampling technique. The number of samples was 71 peoples. Unvariate and bivariate statistics have been used in this study. The results showed that the normal pre-conception BMI was 81.7%, the increase in maternal body weight was 76.1%, the exclusive breastfeeding was 60.6%, the good children's nutrition was 66.2%, and the short stunting 63.4%. The Chi-Square test results obtained that the pre- conception BMI and increasing maternal body weight was not related to stunting with p-values were 0.358 and 0.380 (> α = 0.05. The exclusive breastfeeding and child nutrition intake were significantly associated with stunting and p-value 0.000 (<α=0.05). It was recommended that nutrition workers of community health center provide regular counseling to the public about the importance of nutritional intake with a balanced menu during pregnancy and lactation period, complementary food for breast milk administration and nutritional intake for children 12-24 months, to motivate of Posyandu officers to monitor mothers to breastfeed exclusive for 6 months and to provide complementary food for breast milk, and to carry out a multisectoral approach with a focus on nutrition improvement movements in the first 1000 days of life. Keywords: children under five years old, BMI, maternal, nutritional status, stunting Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Jenderal Achmad Yani Cimahi Halaman 54 Jl.Terusan Jenderal Sudirman – Cimahi 40533 Tlp: 0226631622 - 6631624
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Prosiding Pertemuan Ilmiah Nasional Penelitian & Pengabdian Masyarakat (PINLITAMAS 1) Dies Natalis ke-16 STIKES Jenderal Achmad Yani Cimahi PINLITAMAS 1 | Vol 1, No.1 |
Oktober 2018 | ISSN 2654-5411
HUBUNGAN STATUS NUTRISI MATERNAL DAN ANAK
DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING
Murtiningsih, Sri Mulyati Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Jenderal Achmad Yani
Faktor utama penyebab stunting adalah masalah gizi, baik pada saat kehamilan dan sesudah lahir sampai usia
2 tahun. Di Indonesia diperkirakan 7,8 juta anak balita mengalami stunting. Di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
angka stunting 41,7% yang tertinggi di Kecamatan Salopa, yaitu dari 2980 balita; 943 diantaranya mengalami
stunting. Stunting menyebabkan berkurangnya perkembangan kognitif, menurunkan kecerdasan, menghambat prestasi anak dan penurunan produktivitas ekonomi dan kreatifitas di usia dewasa. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan status nutrisi maternal dan status nutrisi anak dengan kejadian
stunting. Metode penelitian korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian anak usia 12-24 bulan dan ibunya, diambil dengan Simple Random Sampling. Jumlah sampel 71 orang. Analisis statistik
univariat dan bivariate. Hasil penelitian didapatkan BMI pra-konsepsi normal 81,7%, kenaikan BB maternal
kurang 76,1%, pemberian ASI ekslusif 60,6%, asupan nutrisi anak baik 66,2%, stunting pendek 63,4%. Hasil
uji Chi-Square didapatkan BMI pra-konsepsi dan kenaikan BB maternal tidak berhubungan dengan stunting dengan p-value masing-masing 0.358 dan 0.380 (>α=0.05), sedangkan pemberian ASI ekslusif dan asupan
nutrisi anak secara signifikan berhubungan dengan stunting dengan p-value 0.000 (<α=0.05). Disarankan agar
petugas gizi Puskesmas memberikan penyuluhan secara rutin kepada masyarakat mengenai pentingnya asupan nutrisi dengan menu seimbang selama kehamilan, periode menyusui, pemberian MP-ASI dan asupan
nutrisi untuk anak usia 12 – 24 bulan, memotivasi kader Posyandu agar memantau ibu untuk memberikan
ASI ekslusif selama 6 bulan dan memberikan makanan pendamping ASI setelahnya, dan melakukan
pendekatan multisektoral dengan fokus gerakan perbaikan gizi pada 1000 hari pertama kehidupan.
Kata kunci : balita, BMI, maternal, status nutrisi, stunting
ABSTRACT The main factor causing stunting was nutritional problems, both during pregnancy and after birth to age of-2
years when given breastmilk and complementary food for breastmilk. In Indonesia an estimated 7.8 million children under five years old experienced stunting. In Tasikmalaya the incidence of stunting was 41.7%
which in Salopa had the highest stunting, of the 2980 children under five years old; 943 of them experienced
stunting. Stunting caused reducing cognitive development, It caused decreasing intelligence, It inhibits children's performance in school, and It decreased economic productivity and creativity in adulthood. This
study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal nutritional status and children's nutritional
status with the incidence of stunting. The research method was carried out by correlative method with cross
sectional approach. The research sample of children aged 12-24 months with their mothers was taken using the Simple Random Sampling technique. The number of samples was 71 peoples. Unvariate and bivariate
statistics have been used in this study. The results showed that the normal pre-conception BMI was 81.7%,
the increase in maternal body weight was 76.1%, the exclusive breastfeeding was 60.6%, the good children's nutrition was 66.2%, and the short stunting 63.4%. The Chi-Square test results obtained that the pre-
conception BMI and increasing maternal body weight was not related to stunting with p-values were 0.358
and 0.380 (> α = 0.05. The exclusive breastfeeding and child nutrition intake were significantly associated
with stunting and p-value 0.000 (<α=0.05). It was recommended that nutrition workers of community health center provide regular counseling to the public about the importance of nutritional intake with a balanced
menu during pregnancy and lactation period, complementary food for breast milk administration and
nutritional intake for children 12-24 months, to motivate of Posyandu officers to monitor mothers to breastfeed exclusive for 6 months and to provide complementary food for breast milk, and to carry out a
multisectoral approach with a focus on nutrition improvement movements in the first 1000 days of life.
Keywords: children under five years old, BMI, maternal, nutritional status, stunting
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Jenderal Achmad Yani Cimahi Halaman 54