Document

http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/06/world-war-ii-before-the-war/100089/

• Spend a few minutes jotting down words that come into your mind when you hear the term, Nazism.

• In your groups, share your list – make a group mindmap and share with the rest of the class.

• Where has your information and ideas about Nazism come from?

What is it?What are its characteristics…

Government establishes complete control of all aspects of the state (political, military, economy, social, cultural)

Highly nationalistic (flags, salutes, rallies, uniforms) Strict controls and laws Military state (secret police, army, military) Censorship (opposing literature and ideas) Propaganda (media – radio, newspapers, posters) One leader (dictator); charismatic Total conformity of people to ideas and leader Terror and Fear

Black Tuesday

1929- stock market

collapses

Treaty of Versailles – end of

WW1

Increasing belief that a strong leader was

needed to control the state and return Germany to the

position it held in the world prior to WW1.

Need to rid Germany of those who were

diluting its racial and nationalistic purity

Totalitarianism: Total control of state by dictator

www.sjsapush.com/resources/Pre-WWII%20Europe.ppt

The Treaty of VersaillesThe Treaty of VersaillesThe Treaty of VersaillesThe Treaty of Versailles

Peace settlement signed at the end of WW1 between Germany and the Allies.

The three most important politicians there were David Lloyd George (Great Britain), Georges Clemenceau (France) and Woodrow Wilson (USA)

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/treaty_of_versailles.htm

Peace settlement signed at the end of WW1 between Germany and the Allies.

The three most important politicians there were David Lloyd George (Great Britain), Georges Clemenceau (France) and Woodrow Wilson (USA)

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/treaty_of_versailles.htm

Germany•Had to admit full responsibility for starting the war. This was Clause 231 – the infamous "War Guilt Clause".

•Held responsible for all the damage caused by the war and had to pay reparations – a huge sum of money that was well beyond Germany’s ability to pay – most went to France and Belgium

• Throughout the 1920’s, nearly all the terms of the Treaty were carried out. However, after 1933, when the Nazis came to power, there was a systematic breaking of the terms. Hitler announced that Germany would not pay – and the Allies did nothing

• Lost territories

• Formation of the League of Nations: primary goals included preventing wars through collective security and disarmament, and settling international disputes through negotiation and arbitration

The Ineffectiveness of the The Ineffectiveness of the League of NationsLeague of Nations

The Ineffectiveness of the The Ineffectiveness of the League of NationsLeague of Nations

No control of major No control of major conflictsconflicts No progress in No progress in disarmamentdisarmament No effective military forceNo effective military force

Problems in Europe After Problems in Europe After WWIWWI

Problems in Europe After Problems in Europe After WWIWWI

Great Depression•Economic = people were jobless

• Political = weak governments that could not solve problems in their countries → led people to turn to dictators or Socialist leaders

• Social = times of unrest people look for a leader.

The Rise of Adolph HitlerThe Rise of Adolph HitlerThe Rise of Adolph HitlerThe Rise of Adolph Hitler

Born in AustriaBorn in AustriaFought in WWI and was bitter towards the Treaty Fought in WWI and was bitter towards the Treaty

of Versaillesof Versailles

Discovers a small political party known as The National Socialist Discovers a small political party known as The National Socialist German Workers Party German Workers Party (NAZI)(NAZI)

Begins to work himself into the leadership positions of the Nazi partyBegins to work himself into the leadership positions of the Nazi party The Nazi Party: Hitler joined and soon led the Nazi Party in Germany.

Discovers a small political party known as The National Socialist Discovers a small political party known as The National Socialist German Workers Party German Workers Party (NAZI)(NAZI)

Begins to work himself into the leadership positions of the Nazi partyBegins to work himself into the leadership positions of the Nazi party The Nazi Party: Hitler joined and soon led the Nazi Party in Germany.

An Austrian painter, hated the way the Versailles Treaty humiliated Germany and stripped it of its wealth and land. After the war his job in the army was to keep tabs After the war his job in the army was to keep tabs on different political parties.on different political parties.

An Austrian painter, hated the way the Versailles Treaty humiliated Germany and stripped it of its wealth and land. After the war his job in the army was to keep tabs After the war his job in the army was to keep tabs on different political parties.on different political parties.

The Rise of Adolph HitlerThe Rise of Adolph HitlerThe Rise of Adolph HitlerThe Rise of Adolph Hitler

The Beer Hall Putsch: 1923The Beer Hall Putsch: 1923

November 1923 - The "Beer Hall November 1923 - The "Beer Hall Putsch:” Hitler and the Nazis try to Putsch:” Hitler and the Nazis try to overthrow the local government of overthrow the local government of Munich, Germany.Munich, Germany.

It fails and Hitler is arrested.

He is convicted 1924 and serves 9 months out of a 5-year sentence.

It fails and Hitler is arrested.

He is convicted 1924 and serves 9 months out of a 5-year sentence.

The Rise of Adolph HitlerThe Rise of Adolph HitlerThe Rise of Adolph HitlerThe Rise of Adolph Hitler

Hitler writes his book Mein Kampf (“My Struggle”) or outlining his political struggles.

His book was not taken seriously at first, but eventually becomes popular and includes many of the ideas the Nazis put in practice in the 1930s and 1940s.

After his release from prison, he continued to work with the Nazi party to take over Germany.

Hitler writes his book Mein Kampf (“My Struggle”) or outlining his political struggles.

His book was not taken seriously at first, but eventually becomes popular and includes many of the ideas the Nazis put in practice in the 1930s and 1940s.

After his release from prison, he continued to work with the Nazi party to take over Germany.

… … The Rise of Adolph HitlerThe Rise of Adolph Hitler… … The Rise of Adolph HitlerThe Rise of Adolph Hitler

reich

Importance: Hitler adopted the swastika symbol with the aim of making a connection between the ancient Aryans and the modern German people. In making this connection, the Nazis tried to support their claim that the modern German people were a “master race.”

Importance: Hitler adopted the swastika symbol with the aim of making a connection between the ancient Aryans and the modern German people. In making this connection, the Nazis tried to support their claim that the modern German people were a “master race.”

“If, with the help of his Marxist creed, the Jew is victorious over the other peoples of the world, his crown will be the funeral wreath of humanity and this planet will, as it did thousands of years ago, move through the ether devoid of men.”

“The end is not only the end of the freedom of the peoples oppressed by the Jew, but also the end of this parasite upon the nations. After the death of his victim, the vampire sooner or later dies too.”

In Mein Kampf (“My Struggle”) he

Proposed that Germany defy the Versailles Treaty by rearming and reclaiming lost land. He also blamed minority groups, especially Jews, for Germany’s weaknesses.Adolf Hitler is appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933. Between 1930 and 1934, the Nazi Party gained a majority in the Reichstag, the lower house of the German parliament. He moved to suppress many German freedoms and gave himself the title Der Führer, or “the leader.”

FREEDOMS LOSTFREEDOMS LOST•FREEDOM OF SPEECH GONEFREEDOM OF SPEECH GONE

•NAZI’S CENSORED WHAT YOU COULD READ.

•DUE PROCESS ELIMINATEDDUE PROCESS ELIMINATED

•COULD BE ARRESTED WITHOUT PROBABLE CAUSE

•NO TRIAL BY JURYNO TRIAL BY JURY

•NAZI’S PRACTICED RACISMRACISM AND PERSECUTIONPERSECUTION TOWARDS THE JEWS.

•PEOPLE WERE STRIPPED OF THEIR CIVIL RIGHTSCIVIL RIGHTS...

• Phase 1 (1933-1939)Phase 1 (1933-1939)– A Common Enemy : Re-Education– Citizenship Rights?– German Jews face deportation– Violence Escalates . . .Kristalnacht

• Phase 2 (1939-1945)Phase 2 (1939-1945)– World War II begins vs. France/England– Holocaust BeginsHolocaust Begins . . . The Final Solution– Ghettos and Forced Labor Camps – mass executions of Jews and Eastern

Europeans.– Death squads– Gas Chambers

Two Phases of HatredTwo Phases of Hatred

German children were taught in school that Jews were inferior.

German children were taught in school that Jews were inferior.

• Nazi Government Policy of Anti-SemitismAnti-Semitism

• Purity of German bloodPurity of German blood was essential to the existence of the German people and nation.

• Nuremberg LawsNuremberg Laws passed in 1935 provided legal basis.

• Millions of Jews died in German concentration camps.

1. Marriages between Jews and citizens of German blood are forbidden.

2. Sexual relations outside marriage between Jews and German blood are forbidden.

3. Jews will not be permitted to employ female citizens of German blood as servants.

4. Jews are forbidden to display the Reich and national flag or the national colours.

nuremberg

5. Jewish children and German were segregated.

6. The right to citizenship is acquired by the granting of Reich citizenship papers.

7. Only the citizen of the Reich enjoys full political rights in accordance of the laws.

8. A citizen of the Reich is of German blood and who shows that he is both desirous and fit to serve the German people and Reich faithfully.

nuremberg

The first organized night of Nazi violence against German Jews - Nov. 8 - 9, 1938

Thousands arrested, including college professors, writers, doctors, etc.

Jewish businesses, stores, homes and synagogues burned all through Germany and other German Occupied countries

Nazi violence against German Jews led to thousands hurt and many deaths…..

THE NIGHT OF BROKEN GLASS

“Nazism believed that some people would have to die so that the nation/race could live.” Discuss.

•If you are planning to answer this question in your final exam what kinds of ideas/points would you need to discuss?