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• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oGzVn8VbGmw• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ff9K1UClpz0

Bell Ringer• What are the Traditional work settings for Athletic Trainers?• What are some Non-Traditional work settings?• When and where was the profession of Athletic Training

founded?• Who is considered to be a part of the Primary Sports Medicine

Team? Who is considered to be a part of the Secondary Sports Medicine Team?

• List 3 qualities an AT needs to have and why.

Medical Terminologyand abbreviations

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qe_324wnNQU

Medical Terminology

• Using and understanding is essential to clear communication amongst the health care community.

“To Err Is Human”• In 1999, the Institute of Medicine published the famous "To

Err Is Human" report, which dropped a bombshell on the medical community by reporting that up to 98,000 people a year die because of mistakes in hospitals

• Journal of Patient Safety that says the numbers may be much higher — between 210,000 and 440,000 patients each year who go to the hospital for care suffer some type of preventable harm that contributes to their death.

• That would make medical errors the third-leading cause of death in America, behind heart disease, which is the first, and cancer, which is second.

The Basics• Anatomic Position: Refers to an erect stance with the arms at

the sides and the palms of the hands facing forward• The body moves in relation to planes• Frontal• Sagittal• Transverse

The 4 word parts• Most medical terms built from word parts consist of some or

all of the following components:• 1. PREFIXES• 2. WORD ROOTS • 3. SUFFIXES• 4. COMBINING VOWELS

The Prefix• The prefix is a word part attached to the beginning of a word

root to modify its meaning.

• Prefixes can indicate;• A number such as bi-, meaning two.• A position, such as sub-, meaning under.• A direction, such as intra-, meaning within.• Time, such as brady-, meaning slow• Negation, such as a-, meaning without

• Although a prefix can be used to modify the meaning of a word, many medical terms do not have a prefix.

The Root Word• The word root is the word part that is the core of the word. • The word root contains the fundamental meaning of the word• Since the word root is the core of the word, each medical term

contains one or more word roots

Examples of Root Words• Play/er; In this word, play is the word root.• Arthr/itis; In this medical term, arthr (which means joint) is

the word root.• Hepat/itis; In this medical term, hepat (which means liver) is

the word root.

The Suffix• The suffix is a word part attached to the end of the word root

to modify its meaning. • The suffix frequently indicates a procedure, condition, or

disease such as

• –scopy, meaning visual examination (procedure) • –tomy, meaning surgical excision (procedure)• -itis, meaning inflammation

(condition)• -oma, meaning tumor

(disease)

Suffix Examples• Play/er in this word, -er is the suffix.• Hepat/ic in this medical term, -ic (which means pertaining to)

is the suffix. • Hepat is the word root for liver; therefore hepatic means

pertaining to the liver.• Hepat/itis in this medical term, -itis (which means

inflammation) is the suffix.• The term hepatitis means inflammation of the liver.

A Quick Summary• Word root- core of a word; for example, hepat• Suffix- attached at the end of a word root to modify its

meaning; for example, -ic.• Prefix- attached at the beginning of a word to modify its

meaning; for example, Sub-• Combining Vowel- usually an o used between two word roots

or a word root and a suffix to ease pronunciation; for example hepat o pathy

• Combining form- word root plus combining vowel separated by a vertical slash; for example, hepat/o.

Vocabulary

Anatomy• Study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts

Physiology• Study of how the body and its parts work or function

Anatomical Position• refers to the standing position, with arms at the side and palms

facing towards the frontAnterior • front half of the body

Posterior • back half of the body

Vocabulary

Superior • toward the head

Inferior • toward the feet

Medial • toward the center line of the body

Lateral • away from the center line

Vocabulary

Distal • away from the trunk of the body (i.e. ankle is distal to the knee)

Proximal • towards to the trunk (i.e. the shoulder is proximal to the elbow)

Flexion • decreasing joint angle

Extension • increasing joint angle

Abduction • movement away from the midline

Adduction • movement towards the midline

Vocabulary

Dorsiflexion • foot/toes moving toward the body, decreasing angle

Plantarflexion • foot/toes moving toward ground, increasing angle

Inversion • movement inward

Eversion • movement (sole of foot) away from midline

External Rotation • rotation about its axis in the transverse plane away from the

midlineInternal Rotation • rotation about its axis in the transverse plane toward the midline

Vocabulary

Supination • surface rotated upward

Pronation • surface rotated downward

Superficial • near body’s surface

Deep • beneath the surface

Common abbreviations

• ADL – Activities of Daily Living• Bi/Lat, B – Bilateral• BP – Blood Pressure• BPM – Beats per Minute• C/O – Complaining Of…• DF - Dorsiflexion• HA – Head Ache• HR – Heart Rate• LE – Lower Extremity• LOC – Loss of Consciousness• NKA – No Known Allergies

Abbv. Cont’d

• Dx – Diagnosis• Fx – Fracture• Hx – History ( HO – History Of…)• Px – Practice• Sx - Symptoms• Tx – Treatment

Cont’d• P- Pain• PF – Plantarflexion• PRN – As Needed• Pt – Patient• ROM – Range of Motion• Rx - Prescription• S&S – Signs and Symptoms• UE – Upper Extremity• w/, c – With• WNL – Within Normal Limits

Common Prefixes• A/An - no, not, without• Arthro – joint• Bi – two• Brady - slow • Cardio – heart• Costo - rib• Derm – skin• Dys - painful• Epi – on, above• Hyper – more than normal• Hypo – less than normal• Inter- between• Intra – within

Common prefix cont’d• Neuro – Nerve• Mal - bad• Peri – around• Post – after, behind• Poly – many• Pre – before, in front• Pneumon – lung• Quadri - four• Sub – below• Tachy - fast • Tri - three• Ven – vein

Common Suffix• -algia: pain• -ectomy: surgical excision• -itis: inflammation• -osis: abnormal state• -pathy: disease• -phagia: eating, swallowing• -pnea: breathing• -stasis: control

Anatomical Planes• Sagittal – divides the body

into R&L• Movements:

flexion/extension, running

• Coronal (frontal)- divides body into anterior/posterior• Movements: ab/adduction

• Transverse (horizontal)- equal top and bottom halves• Movements: rotation

• Copy and Translate Paragraph:

Patient is complaining of having increasing difficulties with lower extremity range of motion and with her gait. She does have some pain, particularly at night, in her lower extremities. On examination, her signs and symptoms are lower extremity pain - 8/10 bilaterally, decreased ability to walk, lack of range of motion, and obvious swelling. She is being sent for x-rays to rule out fractures, and is diagnosed with bilateral hamstring strains. Her treatment will be Ibuprofen as needed, and rest for 2 weeks. She has no known history of any drug allergies.