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How to make something that makes almost anything: Mechanisms Nadya Peek March 2015
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How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Jun 03, 2020

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Page 1: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

How to make something that makes almost anything: Mechanisms

Nadya Peek

March 2015

Page 2: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Last classes: Design & Prototyping, Materials

Technical design, Industrial design, Product design,

User-centered design, Human-centered design, Participatory design,

Looks-like/works-like, Rapid prototyping, Organisational prototyping

Tension, compression, shear stress, torsion

Deflection of beams

Internal stresses and machining operations

Page 3: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

This class: Mechanisms

Linkages

Cams

Gear trains

Force analysis

Vibration

Variable speed, intermittent motion, thermostatics

Mechanical computing mechanisms, Micromechanisms

Page 4: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Background:

507 Mechanical Movements

Henry T. Brown

1868

Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook

Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

McGraw-Hill, 2001

The Engineer’s Sketchbook

of Mechanical Movements, Devices, Appliances,

Contrivances and Details

Thomas Walter Barber

E & F. N. Spon, 1948

Page 5: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Pairs: joints that permit relative motion

revolute, prismatic, cylindrical, spherical, screw

Page 6: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Pairs: joints that permit relative motion

Higher/lower, closed/unclosed

Page 7: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis
Page 8: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis
Page 9: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Kinematic link: rigid body with two or more pairs

Page 10: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Kinematic link: rigid body with two or more pairs

Ben Gruen

Page 11: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Kinematic chain:

several links that form constrained motion when one link is fixed

Page 12: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Mechanism: a specific link is fixed

Page 13: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Machine: useful mechanism(s)!

Page 14: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Degree of freedom:

number of independent parameters that define a system’s configuration

Page 15: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Motion

planar: translational, rotational

helical

spherical

phase, cycle, period

Page 16: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Exact constraints:

exactly constrain all 6 degrees of freedom of a rigid body in space

how you like dem balls

Page 17: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Linkages:

assemblies that respond to force with movement

Page 18: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

4 bar linkages

Page 19: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

4 bar linkages

Page 20: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

4 bar linkages

Page 21: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

4 bar linkages

Page 22: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Cams:

cam, follower

Spikeworld

Page 23: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Cams:

disk cams

cyclindrical cams

translation cams

Page 24: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Rolling contact

Page 25: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Dead reckoning

Page 26: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Gearing

since 350 BC!

Page 27: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Gearing

pinion, rack

Page 28: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Gearing

involute, helical, beveled

Page 29: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis
Page 30: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis
Page 31: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Flexible connectors:

belts, chains

Page 32: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis
Page 33: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis
Page 34: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis
Page 35: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis
Page 36: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis
Page 37: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

https://www.youtube.com/user/thang010146/videos

Page 38: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Annoyances: impact

Page 39: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Annoyances: crud

Page 40: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Annoyances: thermal issues

Page 41: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Dealing with wear:

wear-compensation

replaceable parts

Page 42: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Mechanical computers!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1i-dnAH9Y4

Page 43: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

MEMs!

Page 44: How to make something that makes almost anything ... · 507 Mechanical Movements Henry T. Brown 1868 Mechanisms and mechanical devices sourcebook Neil Sclater and Nicholas P. Chironis

Assignment for next week:

Model, animate, and prototype a mechanism

(as useful to your final project)