How to Conduct a Farm Survey

Cambodia Agriculture in Transition Field

Team TrainingHow to Conduct a Farm Survey

TRAINING SCHEDULE

Friday 13 : IntroductionIndividual farm survey

Saturday 14: Focus Group DiscussionsExpert Interview

Sunday 15: Pre-Testing in the Field

Monday 16: Review

COLLECTING DATA FROM THE FIELD

QUALITATIVE METHODSand

QUANTITATIVE METHODS

• Structured Survey• Key Informant Interview• Focus Group Discussions• Stakeholder ConsultationsSpecialists

STRUCTURED SURVEY

INTERVIEW OF INDIVIDUAL FARMERSData on Farm BudgetInformation on Changes at the Farm levelPrices of Inputs and Outputs

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONSGROUP OF FARMERS

Data on Changes on the Ag. sectorPrices of Inputs and OutputsStatistics

EXPERT INTERVIEWS

INTERVIEW OF EXPERTSInformation on PoliciesData on Changes on the Ag.

Sector and Reasons for the changes

STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONSSTAKEHOLDERS

Opinion on Changes in the Ag. sectorValidation of Hypothesis

At the Province levelInterview Provincial MAFFInterview Provincial MLAND

At the District levelInterview Provincial MAFFInterview Provincial MLAND

At the Commune LevelInterview President or member of council

At the Village level30 Focus group discussion

180 Individual Farmer surveys

INTERVIEWS AND SURVEYS

Know the environmentRange of yield for crops Range of prices for inputs and outputs,

Local measurement (area, weight, size…)

Use of agricultural inputs

Internalize the QuestionnairesWhat else

CONDUCTING FIELD WORK

INDIVIDUAL INTERVIEW

BRIEF OVERVIEW

INDIVIDUAL INTERVIEWS

Choose a setting with little distraction. Explain the purpose of the interview. Address terms of confidentiality. Explain the format of the interview. Indicate how long the interview usually takes. Tell them how to get in touch with you later if they want to. Ask them if they have any questions before you both get started with the interview.

Get Respondent involved in the interview

Ask Neutral question if you rephraseAsk one question at a timeWord question clearlyEncourage ResponseAsk clarification – Do not interpret if

unclear responsesDon’t lost control of the interview

INDIVIDUAL INTERVIEWS

Examples include:You said…Is this what you mean? As I understand it, your comment is this. Am I right? Are you saying that was a negative experience?

INDIVIDUAL INTERVIEWS

WHERE TO GO?HOW TO SELECT FARMERS?

Purposive SamplingBased on Specific Criteria

Size

Technologies

Small Medium Large

Modern

Traditional

EXAMPLERead the introductionComments

INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVE• Get Farm Budget for Crop X• Get information on changes, Production of Crop X, Expectation

SECTION 1: PARTIAL FARM BUDGET

INPUTSSERVICES

LABOR

EXPENDITURES

REVENUE

MARGIN

SECTION 1: PARTIAL FARM BUDGET

PARTIAL BUDGET FOR RICE PRODUCTION CODE |__|__|__|__|__|

Rice Variety

1CropWet Seas. | 1 |

Dry Seas. | 2 | |__|

1. Mixed rice

2Rice Variety   |__|2. IRRI

3Province     |__|3. Fragrant

4District     |__|__|  

5Commune     |__|__|  

6Village     |__|__|  

7Size of Farm Small |__|Medium |__|Large |

__|  

8

Level of technologies

Modern |__|

Traditional |__|  

9Cultivated area Hectare  

10

No of days sowing-harvest   days    

SECTION 1: PARTIAL FARM BUDGET

Item 1. Unit 2. Qty3. Unit Price

4. Amount

Nursery PlotSeeds Kg      Manure Kg      Fertilizer kg      Pesticides L      land preparation (nursery) mp      Nursery pulling mp      Crop management mp      

SECTION 1: PARTIAL FARM BUDGET

Item1.

Unit 2. Qty3. Unit Price

4. Amount

Input: Main PlotSeeds (if broadcasting) Kg      Manure Kg      Fertilizer kg      Pesticides L      Herbicides L      

Sub-Total

SECTION 1: PARTIAL FARM BUDGET

Item 1. Unit 2. Qty3. Unit Price 4. Amount

Labor: Main Plotland preparation mp      Sowing (if broadcasting) mp      Irrigation mp      Transplantation mp      Weed control mp      Crop management mp      Harvesting mp      Treshing Ton      Crop Transportation from field Ton      

SECTION 1: PARTIAL FARM BUDGET

Item 1. Unit 2. Qty3. Unit Price

4. Amount

Services: Main PlotLand preparing main plot Time      Mechanic Transplantation Time      Mechanic Harvesting Time      Crop Transportation Ton      

Sub-Total

SECTION 1: PARTIAL FARM BUDGET

RevenuePaddy Production Ton      

Rice Straw Ton      

Item 1. Unit 2. Qty3. Unit Price 4. Amount

GROSS INCOME

GROSS REVENUE

For each crop, by farm size and by level of use of technologies

SECTION 2: INTERVIEW ON CHANGES AND PRODUCTION OF CROP X

A.When did you start to grow crop X?B.What decided you to start growing crop

X?C.Could you tell us the changes on the

production of crop X over the past 3 years?

D.What modern inputs did you use for the production of crop X?

E.What kind of Agricultural Services did you receive for the production of crop X?

F. What kind of Agricultural Machineries did you use for the production of crop X?

G.How do you envision the production of crop X in 5 years?

SECTION 3: QUESTIONS ON FARM CHARACTERISTICS

H. What is the current areas of your total cultivated agricultural land?

I. What is your land allocation by crop during the wet and dry seasons?

J. How many family labor are present in your farm?

K.Among the following constraints, how do you assess their impact on your farm production?

QUALITY CONTROL

Supervisor TAKES THE LEAD BUTALL members of the team are RESPONSIBLE

CHECK COMPLETENESSCHECK CONSISTENCYCHECK VALIDITY – ACCURACY

EXAMPLES OF ISSUES• TYPO - MISCHECK• LACK OF CLARITY• OUTLIERS

FOR EACH QUESTIONNAIRE

DO NOT LEAVE A VILLAGE WITHOUT MAKING SURE THAT THE TEAM FINISHED QUALITY CONTROL

FOR ALL QUESTIONNAIRES

WSR DSR Cassava Maize VEG

TOT DIS PROV TEAM

Kampong Cham Memot

-

-

8

8

- 16 28 1

  Srey Snathor

6

6

-

-

- 12

Kandal Sa Ang

-

-

-

8

4 12 28 2

  Kandal Stoeng

6

6

-

-

4 16

Takeo Batti

6

6

-

-

4 16 32 1

  Tram Kok

6

6

-

-

4 16

Kampot Chhouck

6

6

-

-

4 16 32 3

  Kampot Bay

6

6

-

-

4 16

Battambang El Phnom

6

6

-

-

4 16 32 2

  Banan

-

-

8

8

- 16

Bantey Meanchey Malai

-

-

8

8

- 16 28 3

  Mongol Tori

6

6

-

-

- 12    Total 48 48 24 32 28 180 180

INDIVIDUAL INTERVIEWS (TENTATIVE)

EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS

LEADING QUESTIONSRespondent did not really understand your question THEN you want to explain:More farmers in Battambang are using more and more fertilizers. Do you use fertilizer?Do you agree that farmers should use fertilizers?

EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS

DOUBLE BARRELED QUESTIONSDo you prefer to use combine for your rice harvest or to use hired labor?

CLOSED – ENDED

OPEN –ENDED

RATING SCALE