How the Web Works Building a Website – Lesson 1. How People Access the Web Browsers People access websites using software called a web browser. To view.

How the Web Works

Building a Website – Lesson 1

How People Access the WebBrowsers

People access websites using software called a web browser.

To view a website, a user may type in a web address into their browser, follow a link from another site, or use a bookmark.

How People Access

the Web cont’d….Web ServersWhen you ask your browser for a web page, the request is sent across the internet to a special computer known as a web server.

A web server hosts the website.

Some big companies host their own websites, but it is more common to use the services of a web hosting company, who will charge a fee to host your site.

The Language of the Web

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

This is the code you use to write down the words you want to appear on your page.

You add tags or elements to the words so the browser knows what a heading is, where a paragraph begins and ends, and so on.

Additional tags include text, lists, links, images, tables, forms, video audio and flash, and miscellaneous elements.

The Language of the Web cont’d…

CSS (Cascading Style Sheet)CSS uses rules to enable you to control the styling and layout of web pages.

You will use a wide variety of properties in the CSS rules.

These properties are usually either based on Presentation or Layout.

Presentation properties include color of text, the fonts, background colors and background images.

Layout properties include controlling where the different elements are positioned on the screen and techniques to make your page more attractive.

The Language of the Web cont’d..

How Websites Are Created

What You SeeWhen you are looking at a website, it is most likely that your browser is receiving HTML and CSS from the web server that hosts the site.

The web browser interprets the HTML and CSS code to create the page that you see.

Most sites also include images, audio, video or animation. These can all be added to your page.

Some sites also send JavaScript and Flash in your web pages.

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How the Web WorksStep 1

You type a domain name or web address into your browser to visit a site (ex – google.com)

Step 2Your computer contacts a network of servers called Domain Name System (DNS).

Similar to a phone book, they tell your computer the IP address associated with your requested web address. Every device has a unique IP address (like a phone number for that computer).

How the Web Works cont’d…

Step 3The unique number the DNS server gives your computer allows your browser to contact the web server that hosts the website you requested.

A web server is constantly connected to the web, and is set up especially to send web pages to users.

Step 4The web server then sends the page you requested back to your web browser.

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