___________________________________________________________________________ 2013/SOM3/SCSC/WKSP2/010 Session 4 How Standards Support BIM Projects Submitted by: Stanford University Joint APEC-ASEAN Workshop - How Building Information Modeling Standards Can Improve Building Performance Medan, Indonesia 24-25 June 2013
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Joint APEC-ASEAN Workshop - How Building Information Modeling Standards
Can Improve Building Performance Medan, Indonesia
24-25 June 2013
7/6/2013
1
Building Professionals
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Building Professionals
empowered by
BIM & VDC
www.wilshirewestacupuncture.com
www.kendeaton.com
Virtual Airline Pilot.com Seattle Symphony
Source: AIASource: AIA
Sutter Medical Center Castro Valley2012 AIA BIM/TAP Awards
Al ta Bates Summit Medical Center2012 AIA BIM/TAP Awards
Miami Valley Hospital Southeast AdditionCleveland, Ohio
Source: Skanska
CAVECad & SoniCAVE ResearchUC San Diego
Source: Ev e Edelstein
Dr. Calvin Kam PhD, AIA, PE, LEED AP
American Institute of Architects - National2010 - 2011 Chair, Technology in Architectural Practice2011 – 2013 Co-Chair, Center for Integrated Practice2013 – 2015 Board Knowledge Committee
www.aia.org/tap
7/6/2013
2
BIM Awards 2005-2013
KAREN KENSEK LUCIANA BURDIPhD
PETE EVANSAIA
EVE EDELSTEINASSOC AIA PhD F-AAA
JEFFREY OUELLETTEASSOC AIA
ANDY SMITHAIA
CALVIN KAMAIA PE PhD LEED AP
KRISTINE FALLONFAIA
2013 CHAIR ACTIVE PAST CHAIRSKIMON ONUMA
FAIASTEPHEN HAGAN
FAIA CCMTONY RINELLA
ASSOC AIA
TECHNOLOGY in ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE ADVISORY GROUP
DAVID R SCHEERAIA AICP LEED AP
2014 CHAIRBRIAN SKRIPAC
ASSOC AIA LEED AP
Award-Winning BIMTrend-Setting Innovation and Excellence in the Nine Years of AIA BIM Awards
Thursday, June 20, 2013 6:00 PM – 7:00 PM
Beijing National Swimming Centre, China
COAA Owners’ Choice BIM Awards New Construction Award1 Bligh Street, SydneyArchitectus + ingehoven architectsAccepting the award:
Delivery Process Innovation Using BIM HONORABLE MENTIONSan Ysidro Land Port of EntryThe Miller Hull Partnership
7/6/2013
3
Dr. Calvin Kam PhD, AIA, PE, LEED AP
American Institute of Architects - National2010 - 2011 Chair, Technology in Architectural Practice2011 – 2013 Co-Chair, Center for Integrated Practice2013 – 2015 Board Knowledge Committee
Stanford University [[email protected]]CIFE Director of Industry ProgramsConsulting Assistant Professor
San Mateo County Health Center, CA
(c) 2012
Is there a path from any department in the health center to any other department within the center at all times?
Net Return on Investment (ROI) anticipated to be at least 200% the initial expenseCost is less than 0.5% of constructionReturn from just one subcontractor (Southland) greater than the costBenefits dependent on everyone participating in the process
Miami Valley Hospital Southeast Addition, OHBuilding Prefabrication
Source: Skanska
• Improved Safety & Quality – Av erage Industry LTIR (Lost Time Injury Rate)=1.9
• Archived = 0
• Cost Savings
• Anticipated 1-2% Construction Cost
• Reduced Waste - * Waste Removal Cost in other hospital projects range from US$11 to 2.75/m2
• Estimated Waste Removal Cost = US$2/m2
• Reduced Manpower Peak
7/6/2013
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Dr. Calvin Kam PhD, AIA, PE, LEED AP
American Institute of Architects - National2010 - 2011 Chair, Technology in Architectural Practice2011 – 2013 Co-Chair, Center for Integrated Practice2013 – 2015 Board Knowledge Committee
Stanford University [[email protected]]CIFE Director of Industry ProgramsConsulting Assistant Professor
GSA National 3D-4D-BIM Program [[email protected]]Co-Founder & Senior Program Expert (contractor)
U.S. General Services Administration
• 8,700 buildings
• 350 million square feet
• 2,100 communities
• serves >1 million federal workers
• >200 major capital projects
• valued at $12 Billion USD
• $5 Billion USD Stimulus
PBS 3D-4D-BIM Program
GSA Office of Design and Construction
GSA Public Buildings Service
provides national leadership, coordination, and guidance to all GSA regions on design, construction, art, urban development, secur ity, accessibility, sustainability, and Building Information Modeling (BIM).
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Space: 089 NC1s3D Coordination BIM—Spatial
4D Phas ing BIM—Energy 3D Las er Scanning
PBS OCA 3D-4D-BIM Program
GSA’s National 3D-4D-BIM Program
From introduction in 2003 to pilots and technology/guidance development,
to upper management policy and budgetto GSA national program deployment and
support to US national standardsto international
agreements
Mandated Requirement on all GSA Projects since 2006
100+ Projects To Date
16 National Contracts up to $30 million each
International Collaboration among Public Owners
• joint statement in support of BIM, open standards and collaboration
• public owners from USA, Finland, Norway, Denmark, Netherlands (Jan 2008)
• Estonia, Iceland, Mexico (Sep 2011)
• Australia? China? Japan? Korea? Singapore? UK?
7/6/2013
6
PBS OCA 3D-4D-BIM ProgramGSA’s National 3D-4D-BIM Program
Dr. Calvin Kam PhD, AIA, PE, LEED AP
American Institute of Architects - National2010 - 2011 Chair, Technology in Architectural Practice2011 – 2013 Co-Chair, Center for Integrated Practice2013 – 2015 Board Knowledge Committee
Stanford University [[email protected]]CIFE Director of Industry ProgramsConsulting Assistant Professor
GSA National 3D-4D-BIM Program [[email protected]]Co-Founder & Senior Program Expert (contractor)
OTHER ELECT RICITYEQUIPMENT ELECTRICITYLIGHT ING ELECTRICITY Heating ene.: FIM/MWh (VAT not incl.)FAN ELECT RICITY Electric ene.: FIM/MWh (VAT not incl.)COOLING ELECTRICITY Cooling electr icity: Electricity consumption ofHEATING compressors, condensers and c irculation pumps.
158.40270.00
kW h/m² kWh/m³
99.4 23.5
0.0 0.00.0 0.00.0 0.0
28.8 6.81.3 0.3
MWh
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
MWh/a
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
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80
90
100FIM/a
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
7/6/2013
11
Page 61Page 61
Electrical Design
StructuralDesign
Direct IFC Exchange
4D Simulation
VisualizationLighting simulation
ConstructionEstimating
FacilitiesManagement
ArchitecturalDesign
MechanicalDesign
Energy Simulation
0
30
60
90
20
50MWh
EnvironmentalAnalysis
Comfort Simulation
Comp. Fluid Dynamic
Virtual reality
Life Cycle Cost
Constructionplanning
1 18 4 0 0 01 06 4 0 0 0
2 3 1 0 00 5 7 0 0 00
0
300 000
600 000
900 000
200 000
500 000
800 000
Ther m oNet ® P resent
ArchiCAD
MagiCAD
CFX
LCC/LCA
Lightscape RIUSKA
COVE 4D
Different applications require specific “bridges” and interpretations of 3D geometry. How should we construct and share a product model?
Reduce 3D polygons with texture map
Interior surface cont inuity
W all breaks atroom slab
Incorporat ion of thermal data
Boundary cont inuity and “watert ight”
Dist inct ion between material types
Geometry break down according to act ivit ies
Layering and naming comply with database
Architectu ral CAD
Cost Est imate & V alu e Engr. 3D+T ime V isu alizat ion
T hermal S imu lat ionLight ing M echanical Design
Compu tat ional Flu id Dy namics
Life-Cy cle Cost/Env ironmental Impact
Research Needs• Partial data exchanges
• Model Server approach
• Schema extensibility
• More pilot applications
Development Needs• More IFC import and export compatibilities
• Robustness of software applications
• Privilege and liability of the shared information
Optima Camelview, Arizona David Hovey FAIA
Parametric Design Automated Code Analyses
7/6/2013
12
Solar Studies Green Terrace Design
Day light Levels (lux) Day light Factor (%)
Energy Performance and Calibration Model-based Sequencing and Estimating
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000Monthly Electricity Usage (kWh)
Computer Simulation
Utility Bill
The Many Facets and Applications of Strategic Innovation
3D Visualization (Customer Communication/Mockup/Urban Study)
3D “Clash Detection” and Coordination
3D Production (Drawings and Fabrications)
3D Laser Scanning
4D Phasing (Tenants Move, Construction Sequence…)
Space/Program Validation
Energy Simulation
Circulation (occupants/vehicles), Egress, and Ingress Validation
Acoustic Simulation
Quantity Takeoff
Proforma and Financial Modeling
And more……
Strategic Innovation
Visualization Effective Communication
Production Efficiency, Value Adding Work
Coordination / Integration Risk Mitigation
Fabrication Accuracy, Efficiency
Validation Accuracy, Efficiency
Automation Accuracy, Efficiency
Simulation Informed Decision
Optimization Better Informed Decision
Smart Building On-Demand Controls & Access
Status-Quo Piloting Policy Ecosystem Innovation
Source:
Formalize Agency / Economy-wide Policy
Planning, People, Process, Technical
Repeatable, Enforceable, Measurable
7/6/2013
13
Teaming
Do you have all the “stars” aligned for your next project?
Spor ts Illustr ated 1991
Scoping
How do we juggle among BIM, IPD, and Sustainability?
www.etrainhub.com/juggling
andbe spectacular? be sustaining?
Client-Driven Innovation:
JustYourAverageJogger.comTheFinalSpr int.com
AK
Northwest/ArcticRegion 10
Rocky MountainRegion 8 Great Lakes
Region 5
Heartland Region 6
Greater SouthwestRegion 7
Southeast Region 4
Mid-AtlanticRegion 3
NewEnglandRegion 1
Pacific RimRegion 9
Northeast &CaribbeanRegion 2
HI
GU
VI
PR
DC
WA
OR
UT
MTND
WY
SD
CO
ID
CA
NV
AZ NMOK
TX LA
AR
NE IA
KS MO
MI
WI
ILIN
MI
OH
KY
TN
MS ALGA
FL
SC
NC
WVMD
VA
PA
NY
NJ
VT NH
ME
MACT RI
National Capital Region 11
PBS ODC 3D-4D-BIM Program
Business Case & Priorities — GSA BIM Guide Series
01—Overview
02—Spatial Program Validation
03—3D Imaging
04—4D Phasing
05—Energy Performance and Operation
06—Circulation and Security Validation
07—Building Elements
08—Facility Management
7/6/2013
14
PBS 3D-4D-BIM Program
Final Concept BIM
Life-Cycle BIM for Facility Management
Construction BIM
Work Order
Sustainable (and preventive) Maintenance
Small Project
Major Modernization
Design-Intent BIM
As-Built/Record BIM
Predictive Energy Modeling & MonitoringObjectives
excellence
sustainable
innovation
PBS Investment
Business Process
ODC programs
LEED
workplace 20.20
Objectives
conservation
satisfaction
operation
PBS Expenditure
Business Process
energy management
customer relations
performance measures
Information Basis
energy bills, survey/complaints,
walkthrough inspection, field measurements, reactive measures
Best Value Investment? Best Value Operation?Actual Data—verify if performance targets are met
Actual Data—allow proactive optimization and maintenance
And “Smart Building”
automatically feeds actual data
Maintenance and Repair Preparation
BIM & Facility Management
Smart Buildings
Envision Charlotte – Clinton Global Initiative | news.duke-energy.com | Duke Energy Center, Charlotte
• Smart Utilization & Consumption• Baseline and Scenarios
7/6/2013
15
PBS 3D-4D-BIM Program
Final Concept BIM
Life-Cycle BIM for Facility Management
Construction BIM
Equipment Information, Type, Warranty; Fabrication Model
Program Target vs. Spatial Data, Energy Target vs. Predictions
IFC + Native ( .dgn / .pln / .rvt )
PBS OCA 3D-4D-BIM Program
Aligning BIM with GSA Business Process
PBS OCA 3D-4D-BIM Program
Space Measurement
Gross Building Area
Gross Design Area
Usable Area
Rentable Area
Efficiency
Volume
Public/Private Ratio
Fenestration Ratio
Skin to Floor Ratio
Portfolio/Property Management
STAR space type
STAR space category
Agency Bureau Code
Business Question: How does PBS validate whether the design meets our program during concept phase?
Basis for Spatial Program ValidaitonDuring Early Project Phases
GSA Business Assignment Guide (2005)ANSI-BOMA Standard (1996)Region’s SDM Formatting Standard
PBS OCA 3D-4D-BIM Program
• A/E tabular reports and verbal responses
• 2D tracing of spaces to perform “polyline” area summation
• management of alterations over a building’s life-cycle
Turnaround, Interpretation of PBS Business Rules, ANSI/BOMA, Volumetric Characteristics, Manual vs. Machine Errors
7/6/2013
16
In the new El Paso Courthouse project, BPLW has chosen (by their discretion) to build a 3D BIM to support its construction documentation. We thank BPLW for sharing its BIM. We have conducted a review of the model and offered the following observations. However, the model presents a few areas of conflict
PBS 3D-4D-BIM Program
Space ObjectSpace NameSpace Number (ID)Occupant Org. NameClient Space Ty pe
BIM Measurement – Scenario 1
CORRIDOR
OFFICECOURTROOM
STAIR
ELEV.
GSA BIM AreaANSI/BOMA Usable Area
CORRIDOR
OFFICECOURTROOM
OFFICE
ELEV.
GSA BIM AreaANSI/BOMA Usable Area
BIM Measurement – Scenario 2
7/6/2013
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97
Automated Validation PBS OCA 3D-4D-BIM Program
Gross Building Area 94,961Gross Measured Area 87,920Vertical Penetration Area 2,917Floor Rentable Area 85,003Usable Office Area 68,938Usable Building Common Area 4,706Floor Usable Area 73,644Floor Common Area 11,359Basic Rentable Office Area 79,571Basic Rentable Building Common Area 5,432Total Rentable Area 85,003USF/GSF 0.84Floor R/U 1.15
Typical floor area and efficiency from 1800-F (GSA CO) Building
PBS OCA 3D-4D-BIM Program
The Drive for Open Standard
BIM VendorsAutodesk
Architectural DesktopRevit
BentleyGraphisoftOnuma* Nemetschek* Gehry Technologies* Beck Group
ConsultantsSolibriDigital Alchemy
100
Development, Validation, Calibration
Revit
Bentley Architecture
ArchiCAD
Onuma Planning System
ADT
101
GSA Net Areas Compared
• 7 floors 768 spaces• Wall thickness and window sizes vary and have an effect• Results will improve as some modeling problems as fixed
PSet PropertyRequired/Optional Value Type Property Name Value
GSA Design Gross Area Required area GSA Net Area values missing or wrongGSA Building Common Area Optional area Missing an optional property
PSet PropertyRequired/Optional Property Name Value
GSA STAR Space Type Required Enumeration GSA STAR Space Type okGSA STAR Space Category Optional Enumeration GSA STAR Space Category okANSI/BOMA Space Category Optional Enumeration ANSI/BOMA Space Category ok
GSA Net Area Required area GSA Net Area values missing or wrongGSA Usable Area Optional area Missing an optional propertyGSA Rentable Area Optional area Missing an optional property
Space Occupant PropertiesOccupant Organization Name Required String Occupant Organization Name okOccupant Organization Code Optional String Occupant Organization Code okOccupant Organization Abbreviation Optional String Occupant Organization Abbrev iation okOccupant Sub-Organization Code Optional String Occupant Sub-Organization Code okOccupant Bil ling ID Required String Occupant B ill ing ID ok
Security Zone Optional Enumeration Security Zone okPreservation Zone Optional Enumeration Preservation Zone okPrivacy Zone Optional Enumeration Pr ivacy Zone okProjec t Specific Zones Optional List Project Specific Zones
"Full Floor Spaces"
GSA Space Categories
GSA Space Areas
Space Occupant Properties
Space Zones
Spaces
GSA Space Categories
Space Zones
GSA Space Areas
GSA Space AreasGSA Space Areas
7/6/2013
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103
Excel Sheet with Spatial Data BIM Report: Floor Plans by Tenant
PBS National 3D-4D-BIM ProgramOngoing 3D-4D-BIM Projects led by OCA:
Spatial Program Validation
Region 4 Tuttle Annex, GA
Region 5 Dirksen Federal Building, IL (and laser as well)
Region 6 Cedar Rapids Courthouse, IA
Region 10 Edith Green Federal Office, OR
R11/NCR 1800 F Street GSA Central Office, DCHCHB Dept of Commerce, DC St. Elizabeth’s Campus, DC (candidate; led by NCR)
BIM Guide Series 02: Spatial Program BIM
Minimum Requirement for Spatial Program BIM
All major projects that receive design funding in FY2007 and beyond are required to submit a spatial program BIM prior to final concept presentation.
Status-Quo Piloting Policy Industry Innovation
Source:
Top-down & Bottom-upMandate + Sticks & Value + Carrots
Contractual Barriers, Incentive Alignments
Organic Business Environments
COAA Owners’ Choice BIM Awards Renovation / Retrofit AwardEdith Green-Wendell Wyatt Federal Building ModernizationSERA Architects, Inc., General Services Administration, Region 10, Howard S Wright Construction CompaniesAccepting the award:
7/6/2013
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7/6/2013
20
Good design makes a difference
AIA Documents Committee, National Convention 2008
AIA National | AIA-CC (2007)
building an integrated team early in the process
collaborative, open, intensified planning
participants share risk and apply common values, goals
GSA National 3D-4D-BIM Program [[email protected]]Co-Founder & Senior Program Expert (contractor)
American Institute of Architects - National2010 - 2011 Chair, Technology in Architectural Practice2011 – 2013 Co-Chair, Center for Integrated Practice2013 – 2015 Board Knowledge Committee