Houses of Ethnic Minority People in the North of Vietnam

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Nh dn tc vng ni pha bc

gi bilangbiangvo ngy Th 2 22 Thng 9, 2008 10:59 am

Vng ni pha Bc Vit Nam l khu vc c nhiu dn tc thiu s sinh sng. Qua hng trm nm, cuc sng cacc dn tc t bin i, kin trc nh ca h vn gi c nt vn ha s khai t xa n nay.

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Vic nghin cu nh ca cc dn tc l cn thit, n phc v cho cng tc bo tn a dng cc gi tr vn ha truynthng v phc v qu trnh pht trin i sng gi tr vn ha truyn thng v phc v qu trnh pht trin i sng xhi ca cc a bn c ngi dn tc c tr. Thc hin ti B xy dng giao: " iu tra kho st kin trc nh

truyn thng cc dn tc min ni pha bc v Ty Nguyn, xut bo tn v khai thc gi tr kin trc nh truynthng" u thng 1/2008 nhm iu tra kho st Phng Nghin cu Lch s v bo tn di sn kin trc - Vin Nghincu Kin trc Quc gia (nay l Vin Kin trc, quy hoch th v nng thn) c cuc iu tra kho st v nh truyn thng vng ni pha Bc. Sau y l i nt phc ha chnh bng hnh nh v nh ca vng dn tc ny.

Tnh Lng Sn

Lng Sn l tnh bin gii min ni pha ng Bc b, c 11 dn tc cng sinh sng vi cc dn tc Nng, Ty, Kinh,Dao trong dn tc Nng chim s lng ln nht (43,86%), dn tc Ty (35,92%).Bn (thn, lng) ngi Ty - Nng thng trn ni thp, ring dn tc Giao trn ni cao nhng cc dn tc udng lng bn ven sui, sng, c la chn trn nhng khu t bng phng. Nh ngi Ty Nng ty theo iu kina hnh m lm nh trn sn hay di t. huyn Lc Bnh, ngi Ty Nng trong nhng ngi nh t xy gch

trnh tng. Tng l phn chu lc, ko nh c t trc tip ln tng nh. Nh t thng nh hn nh sn, c sn,hin phi phng nh nh ngi Kinh. Nhiu gia nh ngi Ty Nng nng tng ngi nh t ca mnh ln 2 tngbng cch lm sn tng hai lm kho v ban th gia tin. Nh ngi Ty - Nng thng ch c hai mi v lp ngi mdng hoc ngi sng Cu. B cc nh chia theo gian - theo chiu ngang ngi nh c ca chnh v ca s m hai bn.

Ngi Giao Bc Sn hay mu Sn sng trong nh sn, chu nhiu s tri phi ca ngi Ty - Nng. Nh ngi daoThanh Y x Mu Sn li c lm dn tri theo chiu ngang ging nh ngi kinh, nn t, tng xy gch t trnhtng.

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Tnh Tuyn QuangNh truyn thng dn tc tnh Tuyn Quang ch yu c 3 dng nh: nh sn, nh t, na sn na t. Vi mi dngnh, d dn tc khc nhau, song do sng cng c nn ngi nh u c s pha trn v mang nhng nt c bn gn ging

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nhau b mi, b khung nh.

Nh ngi Ty - Dao ca tnh Tuyn Quang th hin r nhat l ca dn tc Ty - Dao. L sn phm ca rng c, ich nn cc mi nh u c lp bng l c, cc b phn nh: rui, m, tng bao che, sn u dng thn cy mai, cyvu, cy tre. Mi nh tng i dc, ko di t nh nc xa gn kn thn nh chnh, mi cng xung thp th cc cyrui m cng c t st nhau hn. K thut lp mi ch yu l buc lt v dng no l chnh. B khung nh ch u

c to thnh nh s lin kt cc hng ct theo chiu dc v theo chiu ngang, ct c t trn chn tng. D nh snhay nh t, na sn na t th ct cng c lin kt trn cao ko nh v lin kt pha di ging chn ct,ct cng ng thi l ranh gii phn nh khng gian trong ngi nh. Nh dn tc tnh Tuyn Quang c c imchung nht l c rt nhiu sn gc trn cao ng c, lm kho, hi nh, hin nh c lm thm nhiu cha. Vi nh sn, bao che xung quanh bng vn g, phn vch na hoc cy mai,vu ken dyNh t tng bng vchna p dp trn hn hp rm, bn, tru ri trt ln ct tre thnh tng.

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Tnh Qung Ninh

Nh truyn thng dn tc tnh Qung Ninh th hin r nt nht l ca Dn tc Sn Ch. C ngun gc t Trung Quc,thuc nhm ngn ng Hn - Tng, ni th ng Qung ng. Ngi Sn Ch sng thnh bn lng trong thung lng, vencc b ni cao, ni c khe sui lm rung bc thang v nh bt c. vi c im t nhin l vng ni nn ngi dnti y s dng nhiu vt liu cui c sn, xp chng ln nhau, k cht to ra c mt bc tng kh kin c.

Ngi dn cng dng cui k vn, k rung, ng, nn nh, sn cui mang li cho cnh quan bn lng mts khc bit, l th.

Ty theo tng huyn Qung Ninh m nh truyn thng c dng nh sn hay nh t; nh na sn, na t. Nh t - Nh sn trnh tng l ngi nh truyn thng ca ngi Sn Ch. Nh c 2 mi lp ngi m dng.

Do c im a l tnh Qung Ninh l tnh ven bin, hay xy ra gi bo nn ngi nh c c kt chc chn, nh xythp, nh, t ca, ca nhNgi Sn Ch s dng k thut mng lun v ngom lin kt cc b phn l chnh. Cc

mng lun u c gia c bng con chm. Tng nh c 3 cp ko, ng vai tr l phn khung ch khng thuc phnmi nh cc vng khc.

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Theo Nguyn Minh cTp ch Kin trc Vit Nam 02/08

Source: http://www.hoalac.com.vn/forum/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=144